Professional Documents
Culture Documents
English Language
English Language
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Surgery are all acts of treatment use invasive methods by opening or
displaying body parts will be handled. The opening of this body part is
generally done with making an incision, after which parts to be handled are
displayed, done. Acts of repairs ending with the closing and suturing of the
wound. The surgery is performed by a surgeon. There are various kinds of
specialists who perform surgery.
Generally the same division of specialization in almost all parts of the
world. Usually that includes surgeons is doctors, dentists, and veterinarians
who have specialists in the field of surgery. Surgical science is a side of
medical sciences which return the normal anatomy function with surgical
doing. The surgeon should know why are needs to be significant actions,
about known the patients will be surgery, and many experiences have decided
to determine the attitude to surgical will be done. Patients should know that he
will be dissected and treated, the patient is also entitled to a clear illumination
about the course of surgery that will be undergoing, in conducting surgery is
necessary openness surgeon, personality and sufferer background is also
known.
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CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
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visible contaminations. The greates contaminations areas is nails. Surgical
loves fungtion to preven transsmition of other infections through contact with
blood. There are many types of instruments such as forceps used for holding
tissue,needle horders,scissors,and retractors. In, wound management,we Are
not allowed to leave the infected wounds open. A contaminated wound delays
healing. Patients need to close wounds with sutures at 2 days. The factors that
prevent wound healing is the age,and underlying illness.
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2. Aim
Prevent, limit, or control infection
Lifting necrotic tissue to improve wound healing
Absorb drainage (exudate)
Maintaining a humid wound environment
Compressing the eyes
3. Indication
Chronic wounds and many drainage / pussy
Wounds that lose a lot of skin tissue
4. Tools preparation
A sterile set as needed
Plaster
Sterile gauze in place, bandage if necessary
Clean gloves
Sterile gloves
The normal solution of sterile saline (NaCl 0.9%)
Infectious garbage bags
Perlak and its base
Storage of sterile goods, such as bent (kidney cup) and sterile bowl
(kopyes) above the trolley
5. Procedure
Check doctor's instructions and treatment plan
Prepare the tools, including sterile equipment on the table / trolley
Identify the patient, explain the goals and procedures
Provide privacy
Elevate the bed and lower the bed barrier to work on the side of the
patient
Place the bag to put a dirty bandage near the patient
Wash hands
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Spread perlak under the area to be replaced bandage
Wear clean gloves (not sterile)
Remove the plaster towards the wound or open the bandage bandage
Pour saline normal solution in dressing
Remove the gauze one by one, then throw it into a plastic bag
Remove the gloves
Open the sterile set while maintaining the sterility of the tool
Pour the normal saline solution into kopyes and place a few pieces of
gauze in the sterile area
Wear sterile gloves
Clean the wound area using gauze, press gauze on the depression or
hole area
Assess wounds, measure, type identification and determine if there are
any signs of infection
Extend a damp and alkaline gauze in a single layer and place it at the
top covering the entire area
Then cover with a dry gauze on a bandage to hold it
Remove the gloves and insert them into infectious waste bags
Plaster only at the ends of the bandages, montgomery plaster can be
used to prevent excessive skin irritation and damage caused by
frequent dressing changes. For certain areas, can be added bandage
rolls to strengthen the fixation
Return the patient to its original position. Lower the bed and re-raise
the bed barrier
Dispose of dirty material into the right container (infectious waste)
Wash hands
Clean up the tools
Record in medical record
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C. Hecting
1. Definition
Wound dressing is an action to close the wound edge with the thread until
it is healed and sufficient to withstand physiological burden.
2. Indication
Any injury where for healing needs to close the wound edges.
3. Sharp trauma causes:
Wound iris: vulnus scissum / incicivum
Puncture wounds: vulnus ictum
Bite wounds: vulnus morsum
Blunt trauma causes:
Open wounds: vulnus apertum
Closed wounds: vulnus occlusum (excoriation and hematoma)
Shot wounds cause: vulnus sclopetorum.
Clashing wounds based on the presence or absence of germs:
Sterile wound: wound made operation time
Contamination wound: wound containing germs but less than 8
hours. (golden period)
Wound infections that contain germs and have multiplied and
have arising local symptoms as well as common symptoms.
(rubor, dolor, calor, tumor, lechee function).
4. Tools and materials needed for wound suturing.
Tools (Instruments)
Tissue forceps (tweezers) consists of two forms of tissue forceps
scalloped tip (surgical forceps) and without teeth at the tip ie
atraumatic tissue forceps and dressing forceps.
Scalpel handles and scalpel blades
Dissecting scissors (Metzen baum)
Suture scissors
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Needleholders
Suture needles (needles) of 2/3 circle shape, Vi circle, shape
triangle and round shape
Sponge forceps (Cotton-swab forceps)
Hemostatic forceps the toothless tip (Pean) and tip toothed
(Kocher)
Retractors, double ended
Towel clamps
5. Material
Yarn (type and indication explained later)
Desifectant Liquids: Povidon-iodidine 10% (Bethadine)
0.9% Na Cl fluid and 5% per day to wash the wound.
Local anesthesia lidocain 2%.
Gloves.
Sterile gauze.
D. Dialog Practice
A Visit To The Doctor's Office
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had this persistent cough for the last two weeks.
Nurse : When did you start having these symptoms?
Laura : I started feeling tired about two months ago; then, a little bit after that
the headaches came. I got the upset stomach long before feeling tired.
Nurse : Are you taking any medications?
Laura : Only my vitamins.
Nurse : What vitamins are you taking?
Laura : I am taking a multi-vitamin tablet and extra Vitamin C every day.
Nurse : OK, let me take your vital signs.
Laura : How am I doing?
Nurse : Everything is good—normal blood pressure and no high temperature.
Please wait here for a minute. Doctor Clark will be with you in a
moment.
Laura : Thank you.
Doctor : Good morning, Laura.
Laura : Good morning, Doctor.
Doctor : I see here that you started feeling tired two months ago, and then you
started having bad headaches. You also have had an upset stomach
and a persistent cough. Did you run a fever too?
Laura : No, doctor.
Doctor : Let me do a quick physical check up.
Doctor : Please take a deep breath, hold your breath, and exhale. Do it again
please.
Doctor : Were there any changes in your diet or your weight lately?
Laura : I ate the usual things, but I lost five pounds recently.
Doctor : Did you suffer from insomnia?
Laura : Well, it is pretty hard for me to fall asleep when I go to bed. I also
woke up many times during the night.
Doctor : Do you drink? Do you smoke?
Laura : No.
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Doctor : How are things at work?
Laura : There was a change of ownership three months ago, and I had to
work a lot of overtime, even during the weekend.
Doctor : It looks like you have pneumonia. Other than that, I do not see any
problems. You are probably under stress from changes at work, and
the stress causes headaches, upset stomach, and sleeplessness. For
now, try to relax and exercise. It may solve your problems. Come
back to see me again if the symptoms persist, and I will do further
tests. I am going to give you a prescription for your pneumonia. Are
you allergic to any medications?
Laura : Not to my knowledge.
Doctor : OK, take this medication three times a day after you eat. Also, I want
you to have some blood tests. Stop by the laboratory on your way out
and have the nurse draw your blood.
Laura : I am anxious to know my cholesterol level. When will I get the
results of the blood test?
Doctor :The results will be available in two weeks. Don't stress yourself. I
think everything will be OK.
Laura : Thank you, Doctor.
Doctor : You are welcome
Angel : Don’t be panic, please. You just have a terrible accident. Now, youa
are in emergency room in Sanglah Hospital.
Anton : Sorry, but I don’t remember anything. Who are you ?
Angel : I am doctor Angel who is incharge now.
Anton : What’s happening to me ? Why I’am here?
Angel : You had an accident with your bike and crashed into tree and you
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broke your arm. But you don’t have to worry abaut it. I will take care
of you.
Anton : What are you doing now ?
Angel : You just need to relax. We will give some medicines to help you feel
better.
Anton : Pain? What pain ? But I don’t feel anything in my arm.
Angel : It does not sound good. We need to start operating immediately.
Please be quit and don’t move. You need to do fasting before
surgery. Before the surgery, please don’t take anydrink or food.
Anton : Thank you docter. I will do my best.
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Dialog Practice
E. Grammar Focus
Present Continous
The present continuous tense is formed from the present tense of the
verb be and the present participle (-ing form) of a verb:
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a. Positif :
Subject + to be (is, am are) + verb-ing + object
Example: She is following the principles of antiseptic surgery
b. Negative
Subject + to be (is, am, are) + not + verb-ing + object
Example: He is not going to the surgery later
c. Intterogative
To be (is, am, are) + subject + verv-ing + object?
Example: Are you going to make a good recovery after surgery?
1. Use
1) We use the present continuous tense to talk about the present:
For something that is happening at the moment of speaking:
I’m just leaving work. I’ll be home in an hour.
Please be quiet. The children are sleeping.
For something which is happening before and after a
given time:
At eight o’clock we are usually having breakfast.
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When i get home the children are doing their homework.
For something which we think is temporary:
Michael is at university. He’s studying history.
I’m working in london for the next two weeks.
For something which is new and contrasts with a previous
state:
These days most people are using email instead of writing
letters.
What sort of clothes are teenagers wearing nowadays?
What sort of music are they listening to?
To show that something is changing, growing or developing:
The children are growing quickly.
The climate is changing rapidly.
Your english is improving.
For something which happens again and again:
It’s always raining in london.
They are always arguing.
George is great. He’s always laughing.
Note: We normally use always with this use.
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CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION
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CHAPTER IV
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://fk.unsoed.ac.id/sites/default/files/img/modul%20labskill/genap%20I/Genap%2
0I%20-%20Hecting.pdf
http://www.esbase.com/grammar/present-continous
https://googleweblight.com/?lite.url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/surgery&ei.goo
gle.co.id
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