Analytic Number Theory (2018):

Problem set II

1. Give an example of Za bounded locally integrable function f (t) such that

∞
the function g(z) = f (t)e−zt dt extends analytically to z = 0 but the
Z ∞ 0

integral f (t)dt is divergent. In particular,

0
Z ∞ Z ∞
−zt
lim+ f (t)e dt 6= f (t)dt.
z→0 0 0

2. The prime counting function is often approximated by the logarithmic

integral Z x
dt
Li(x) = .
2 log t
(a) Show that
x
Li(x) ∼ as x → ∞.
log x
(b) Compare the values of Li(x) and π(x) in a finite range of x. What
do you observe?

3. Recall (
log p if n is a power of a prime p
Λ(n) =
0 otherwise,
and P
λ(n) = (−1) i αi
, if n = pα1 α2
1 p2 . . . .
The function Λ(n) is known as the von Mangoldt function and λ(n) is the
Liouville function. Each of the following statements is equivalent to the
Prime Number Theorem: as x → ∞
X
(a) µ(n) = o(x)
n≤x
X
(b) λ(n) = o(x)
n≤x
X
(c) Λ(n) ∼ x
n≤x

Give an analytic proof (by considering the corresponding Dirichlet series)

of each of these estimates.