Longitudinal High School Study

Research Question

Does the location of school affect student’s efficacy top mathematics?

Hypothesis

H0: The location of school does not affect student’s mathematical efficacy

H1: At least one location affects the student’s mathematical efficacy

Analysis Procedure

1. Click Analyze > Compare Means > One-Way ANOVA... on the main menu:

2. Click on variable T1 Scale of student's mathematics Self Efficacy and use the arrow

button to move it to the Dependent list box.

3. Click on variable T1 School Locale and use the arrow button to move it to the Factor

box.

4. Click the Post-Hoc button and check on the Tukey Option and Press Continue.

Press OK to produce output

 Output

ANOVA
T1 Scale of student's mathematics self-efficacy

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Between Groups 37.676 3 12.559 12.705 .000

Within Groups 18539.843 18755 .989
Total 18577.519 18758

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: T1 Scale of student's mathematics self-efficacy
Tukey HSD
(I) T1 School locale (J) T1 School locale Mean Std. Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
(urbanicity) (urbanicity) Difference (I- Error Lower Upper
J) Bound Bound

Suburb -.00558 .01811 .990 -.0521 .0409

City Town .10415* .02506 .000 .0398 .1685

Rural .08268* .02024 .000 .0307 .1347

City .00558 .01811 .990 -.0409 .0521
*
Suburb Town .10973 .02434 .000 .0472 .1723
Rural .08826* .01934 .000 .0386 .1379
City -.10415* .02506 .000 -.1685 -.0398
Town Suburb -.10973* .02434 .000 -.1723 -.0472
Rural -.02147 .02596 .842 -.0882 .0452
City -.08268* .02024 .000 -.1347 -.0307

Rural Suburb -.08826* .01934 .000 -.1379 -.0386

Town .02147 .02596 .842 -.0452 .0882

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

 Based on ANOVA output, it can be observed that . Due to the fact that P< 0.05, the null

hypothesis is rejected and we conclude that at least one of the location affects student’s

mathematical efficacy. Turkey post-hoc test is performed on the second table so as to determine

the effect of size. Multiple Comparison table shows the groups which are different from each other.

The preferred test for performing post-hoc test on one way ANOVA is the Turkey post-hoc test.

Based on the table, there is significant difference (P=0.000) mathematics self-efficacy existing

between the groups in the city and town. There is also significance difference (P=0.000) between

the city and rural setting. Significance difference (P=0.000) was also realized between the suburb

and rural areas. No significance difference (P=0.990) was realized between groups that were

studied in the city and those in the suburb as well as those between town and rural areas (P=0.842).

Social Change

The results are important in helping parents and guardians in making decisions where there

children are likely to be motivated in regards to mathematics self-efficacy.

 Reference

1. Pallant, J., & Manual, S. S. (2001). A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS.