PSNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY,

DINDIGUL – 624 622.

CENTRALIZED SERIAL TEST – II - Key
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Subject
DYNAMICS OF MACHINES Sub. Code ME6505
Name
Course
P. Athi sankar Year/Semester III/V Section A,B,C,D,E & F
Instructor
Date 17-09-2018 Time 1½ Hrs. Max.Mark 50
Course Outcome(s) related to serial test-2
Course Outcome(s Related Questions
CO1 : Student will be able to implement the force motion relationship
in components subjected to external forces, and to analyses the force 1 to 5, 11 to 14
motion characteristics of standard mechanisms
CO2: Student will be able to apply the concept of balancing and use it
for reducing the unbalanced forces in rotating masses under different 6 to 9, 15 & 16
operating conditions
PART- A (9 x 2 =18 Marks)
1. Define inertia force and inertia torque.
The property of matter offering resistance to any change of its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight
line is known as inertia
The inertia torque is an imaginary torque, which when applied upon the rigid body, brings it in equilibrium
position. It is equal to the accelerating couple in magnitude but opposite in direction

2. State D’Albmert’s principle.

Thus, D-Alembert’s principle states that the resultant force acting on a body together with the reversed
effective force (or inertia force), are in equilibrium

3. Define coefficient of fluctuation of speed.

The difference between the maximum and minimum speeds during a cycle is called the maximum
fluctuation of speed. The ratio of the maximum fluctuation of speed to the mean speed is called the
coefficient of fluctuation of speed

4. State the functions of flywheel.

A flywheel used in machines serves as a reservoir, which stores energy during the period when the supply of
energy is more than the requirement, and releases it during the period when the requirement of energy is
more than the supply
Flywheel controls the speed variations caused by the fluctuation of the engine turning moment during each
cycle of operation
5. What is meant by turning moment diagram?
The turning moment diagram (also known as crankeffort diagram) is the graphical representation of the
turning moment or crank-effort for various positions of the crank. It is plotted on cartesian co-ordinates, in
which the turning moment is taken as the ordinate and crank angle as abscissa

6. Why balancing is necessary?

If the moving part of a machine are not balanced completely then the inertia forces are setup which may
cause excessive noise, vibration, wear and tear of the system. So balancing of machine is necessary.

7. Differentiate static and dynamic balancing.

S.NO Static Balancing
The dynamic forces as a result of the
unbalanced masses are balanced by introducing
1 balancing masses in the plane of rotation or
different planes
The net dynamic force acting on the shaft is
made zero
2  It deals only with balancing of dynamic forces
Dynamic Balancing
The arrange made in static balancing give rise to a
couple which tends to rock the shaft in bearing.
Dynamic balancing considers the net couple as
well as net dynamic force to do complete
balancing
It deals with balancing of dynamic force and
balancing of couple due to dynamic force

8. What is meant by balancing of single rotating mass?

The process of providing the second mass in order to counteract the effect of the centrifugal force of the
unbalanced first mass is called balancing of rotating masses

9. A flywheel has an unbalanced mass of 0.15 kg at a radius of 0.4 m from the axis of rotation. Calculate the
unbalanced force if the shaft rotates at 200 rpm.

.
PART- B (2 X 10 =20 Marks)
10. The crank-pin circle radius of a horizontal engine is 300 mm. The mass of the reciprocating parts is 250 kg.
When the crank has travelled 60° from I.D.C., the difference between the driving and the back pressures is 0.35
N/mm2. The connecting rod length between centres is 1.2 m and the cylinder bore is 0.5 m. If the engine runs at
250rpm and if the effect of piston rod diameter is neglected, calculate:
(i) Pressure on slide bars (ii) Thrust in the connecting rod (iii) Tangential force on the crank-pin (iv) Turning
moment on the crank shaft
11.a. Derive the expression for the velocity and acceleration of the piston. (5)
 11.b. The crank and connecting rod of a steam engine are 0.3 m and 1.5 m in length. The crank rotates at
180rpm clockwise. Determine the velocity and acceleration of the piston when the crank is at 400 from the inner
dead centre position. Also determine the position of the crank for zero acceleration of the piston. (5)

12. The turning moment diagram for a four stroke gas engine may be assumed for simplicity to be represented
by four triangles, the areas of which from the line of zero pressure are as follows:
Suction stroke = 0.45 × 10–3 m2; Compression stroke = 1.7 × 10–3 m2; Expansion stroke = 6.8 × 10–3 m2;
Exhaust stroke = 0.65 × 10–3 m2. Each m2 of area represents 3 MN-m of energy. Assuming the resisting torque
to be uniform, find the mass of the rim of a flywheel required to keep the speed between 202 and 198rpm. The
mean radius of the rim is 1.2 m
13. A punching machine carries out 6 holes per minute. Each hole of 40 mm dia and 35 mm thick plate requires
8 Nm of energy/mm2 of the sheared area. The punch has a stroke of 95 mm. find the power of the motor
required if the mean speed of the flywheel is 20 m/s. If total fluctuation of speed is not to exceed 3% of the
mean speed. Determine the mass of the flywheel
 PART- C (1 X 12 =12 Marks)
14. A shaft carries four masses A, B, C, and D of magnitude 200 kg, 300 kg, 400 kg and 200 kg respectively
and revolving at radii 80 mm, 70 mm, 60 mm and 80 mm in planes measured from A at 300 mm, 400 mm, and
700 mm. The angles between the cranks measured anticlockwise are A to B = 450, B to C = 700 and C to D =
1200. The balancing masses are to be placed in X and Y. The distance between the planes A and X is 100 mm,
between X and Y is 400 mm and between Y and D is 200 mm. If the balancing masses revolve at a radius of
100 mm, find their magnitudes and angular positions
15. Four masses A, B, C and D as shown below are to be completely balanced

  A B C D
Mass (kg) - 30 50 40
Radius (mm) 180 240 120 150

The planes containing masses B and C are 300 mm apart. The angle between planes containing B and C is 90°.
B and C make angles of 210° and 120° respectively with D in the same sense. Find: 1. The magnitude and the
angular position of mass A ; and 2. The position of planes A and D.