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    This document summarizes the pathways involved in traumatic brain injury. It discusses three categories of injury: extracranial injuries involving skin and soft tissue wounds; cranial bone fractures; and intracranial injuries affecting the brain tissue itself. Intracranial injuries can include contusions, lacerations, changes in brain autoregulation, bleeding hematomas, changes in cerebral blood flow, ischemia, hypoxia, decreased consciousness, and increased intracranial pressure. Specific structures mentioned as being at risk include the medial temporal gyrus, brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum. Complications involve risks to respiration, oxygenation, metabolism, fluid balance, and neurological function.

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    This document summarizes the pathways involved in traumatic brain injury. It discusses three categories of injury: extracranial injuries involving skin and soft tissue wounds; cranial bone fractures; and intracranial injuries affecting the brain tissue itself. Intracranial injuries can include contusions, lacerations, changes in brain autoregulation, bleeding hematomas, changes in cerebral blood flow, ischemia, hypoxia, decreased consciousness, and increased intracranial pressure. Specific structures mentioned as being at risk include the medial temporal gyrus, brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum. Complications involve risks to respiration, oxygenation, metabolism, fluid balance, and neurological function.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views2 pages

    Attachment

    Uploaded by

    Mas Dim Dim
    This document summarizes the pathways involved in traumatic brain injury. It discusses three categories of injury: extracranial injuries involving skin and soft tissue wounds; cranial bone fractures; and intracranial injuries affecting the brain tissue itself. Intracranial injuries can include contusions, lacerations, changes in brain autoregulation, bleeding hematomas, changes in cerebral blood flow, ischemia, hypoxia, decreased consciousness, and increased intracranial pressure. Specific structures mentioned as being at risk include the medial temporal gyrus, brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum. Complications involve risks to respiration, oxygenation, metabolism, fluid balance, and neurological function.

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    of 2

    F.

    PATHWAY
    Trauma Kepala

    Ekstra Kranial Tulang Kranial Intra Kranial

    Terputusnya kontinuistas Nyeri terputusnya kontinuitas jaringan jaringan otak kontusio, laserasi
    jaringan kulit, otot, vaskuler perubahan otak autoregulasi

    perdarahan hematom gg. Suplai darah kejang aliran darak ke otak

    perubahan sirkulasi CSS iskemia perubahan fungsi jaringan -obstruksi jalan napas O2

    peningkatan TIK hipoksia g3. Fungsi otak penurunan kesadaran -dispnea g3 metabolisme

    Girus medialis temporalis g3 Aliran ke otak diuresis Resiko Aspirasi -henti nafas asam laktat
    Tergesar
    suplai GI menurun track -perubahan pola nafas oedema otak
    Herniasi unkus - mual muntah

    Mensefalon tertekan -papil edema perdarahan gaster Resiko ketidakefektifan

    Kompresi medulla oblongata -pandangan kabur hematemesis melena pola nafas herniasi cerebri

    Gangguan kesadaran Resiko kekurangan Resiko syok hipovolemik g3 neurologis local g3 perfusi jaringan cerebri
    volume cairan
    Resiko tinggi injuri g3 presepsi sensori deficit neurologis - Prise and Wilson (2006)
    - Smletzer (2001)
    - Mansjoer (2002)

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