Thinking Out of the Box - Advanced Façade

Design and Technology

Winfried Heusler, Senior Vice President Corporate Building Excellence, Schüco
My Personal Past
… 33 years of „Façades“ and Lots of Excitement

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Abluft

BRT Architekten
Bothe Richter Teherani

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1982: Gartner 1998: Schüco

1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015

2 18.11.2015
Current Sphere of Activity
Senior Vice President of Global Building Excellence (since 2014)

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Shanghai

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… and honorary professor at the University of Applied Sciences OWL
3 11/18/2015
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Detmold School for Architecture und
Interior Architecture / Faculty
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31 Professors

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50 staff members

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1.300 students

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o B. A. Architecture
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B. A. Interior Architecture
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o B. A. Urban Planning

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o M. A. Architecture

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o M. A. Interior Architecture
o M. Sc. Urban Planning

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M. Eng. IFDC
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4 18.11.2015
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

an
5
Thinking out of the box - Advanced façade design and technology
Introduction

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- In the new millennium social systems,

i l
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living arrangements and working

l l B patterns have changed faster and

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more radically than ever before.

on i ta - The unstoppable desire of people to

c i l a b live comfortably takes a heavy toll on

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the environment.

C rb - The well-documented climate change

© dU has mutated to a global challenge.

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What has to change to enable 9.5 bn people to live on earth in 2050?
6
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

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7
Advanced façade design and technology
Innovating out of the box

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Thomas Edison (late 19th century)
-

u i l d
great ideas do not pop fully formed

l l B out of brilliant minds

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- the starting point is understanding

on i ta customer needs

c i l a b - the lone genius inventor is a myth

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u an H - the best approach to technological

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innovation is large-scale teamwork in

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research to applied science)

… it is fruitless to simply invent for invention’s sake

8
Innovating out of the box
Innovation strategies

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- Technology push strategy

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… to identify technological trends

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B
(e.g. the “Internet of Things and Services”)

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n T a t
i t
- Market pull strategy

i l o b
c a
… to identify currently inadequate satisfaction

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u an H of customer needs

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… anticipating the customer's needs

© dU (the method of scenario thinking creates

an … successful innovations often rely on

more probable “futures”).

the targeted combination of market pull and technology push activities

9
Innovating out of the box
Clustering customer needs

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- “performance factors” : specified in detail;

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if well developed, it results in corresponding

a l l level of satisfaction.

-T t
o n i ta
“must-haves” : not generally expressed;

c i l a b if missing, it results in extreme dissatisfaction.

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- “excitement factors” : unspoken;

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if they meet customer needs, it is the really
differentiating feature

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…satisfaction and dissatisfaction of customer needs (Kano 1984)
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Innovating out of the box
The method of “design thinking”

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• matching people’s needs

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i l o •
b
with
i what is technologically feasible

c •adeveloping a viable business strategy

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© dU
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Source: HPI School of Design Thinking (Potsdam / Germany)

… converting an idea into customer value and market opportunity

11
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

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12
Advanced façade design and technology
Functional optimization of buildings and façades

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- passive building concept: passive façade

i l d
components seal off the interior from external factors as

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far as possible (contemporary building technology

l l B
ensures a comfortable interior environment).

T a- active building concept: dynamic façade components

t
n a
respond specifically to changing internal and external

l o b i t
conditions (the aim is to minimize the use of

c i a
mechanical systems).

n
u an H - cognitive building concept: the façade and

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mechanical-system components are connected to each

C rb other through an intelligent building automation system

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(adaptive components of the building skin are capable
of reacting to non-continuous, changing external and

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internal conditions).

… which one is the appropriate concept for the specific project ?

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Advanced façade design and technology
High tech or low tech concept ?

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- cost-efficiency (investment, operating and

i l
B u
maintenance costs)

a l l - energy requirements (heating, cooling,

n T at
ventilating, lighting etc.)

l o b i t - environmental and room comfort (thermal,

c i a visual, acoustic etc.)

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- across the entire lifecycle (design, planning

C rb and construction, operation and usage,

© dU updating and upgrading, demolition with

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Source: P. Günther (Schüco International KG / Germany) possible reuse or recycling)

Minimize complexity: use only as much technology as really necessary

14
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

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15
Advanced façade design and technology
Appearance of façades

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B
Observer u
Product properties (form, structure…)

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and grammar of product language

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Aesthetical

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Aspects

n T at
l o b i t
i
User Product feature that show what the product should

a
Quality of use

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be used for and how

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o Symbolic

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Aspects … refer to social, cultural, historic, and ecological

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backgrounds

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Styled after: „Offenbacher Ansatz“
Grundlagen des Industriedesign (Design als Teil der systematischen Produktentwicklung)

… an attempt of comprehensive evaluation of design quality

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Aesthetic aspects concerning façades
Communication with the observer (sensory experience)

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• form
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Design-Elements:

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• material

l l B • surface (texture, structure)

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• color

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• transparency

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• glass panel holder

c i l a b Design-Composition:

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• complexity

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• depth and plasticity

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• distribution and arrangement of surfaces
• order (beat, rhythm, pattern)

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• additive, integrative or integral

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Torre del Agua / E-Zaragoza (Arch.: Enrique de Teresa, Arquitectos Asociados / Spain)

Design is the central subject of aesthetics and architecture

17 18.11.2015
Indication Aspects concerning façades
Communication with the user

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Quality of use

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… ease of operating the façade
18 18.11.2015
Symbolic Aspects concerning façades
Communication with the owner (societal experience)

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… conceptions and associations

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that come to a person`s mind while

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B
contemplating an object (e.g.

a l l
societal, socio-cultural, historical,

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technological, economic and

n ta t
ecological aspects

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a n
… façades might be projection surfaces for meaning …
… the architect as the façade designer could act as the “story-teller”…
19 18.11.2015
Advanced façade design and technology
Performance and appearance of façades

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performance
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appearance

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Functional Aesthetical

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Aspects Aspects

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Quality of use

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Life-cycle Symbolic
Aspects

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Aspects

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… an attempt of comprehensive evaluation of façades
20 18.11.2015
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

an
21
Advanced façade design and technology
The principle of convergence

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- The merging of trades as well

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as the blurring of existing

l l Blines, within which enterprises

T a t
used to position themselves

on i ta
i l b
- Different trades` competences

n c H a are necessary for the

o u n
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successful solution of this

© dU cross-disciplinary challenge

n
aConvergence represents the next evolutionary step
towards value-added solutions for the building’s life cycle
 Convergence and modular systems
Integrated and scalable functional groups for the different trades

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- a flexible cooperation between the

i l d
functional groups through optimized
u
B
interfaces

a l l
- interoperable components lead to easier

n T t
integration efforts

a
l o i t
- with standardized functional principles

b
c i a
and carry-over parts across several

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u an H series

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- with system-specific construction
characteristics as well as typical joining
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a n
…even complex project specific solutions can be planned and executed more
efficiently and with a higher quality
23
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

an
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 Advanced façade design and technology
Continuous digitalization of the process chain

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Connecting all involved parties:

l
- larchitects and engineers
Development

T a t
o n - main i tacontractors, system suppliers,
l b
Maintenance Planning

c i a
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u an H façade and maintenance companies
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C rb
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Installation Manufacturing

anTo build and operate the whole building twice:

First of all virtually (by means of augmented reality) and finally in reality
25
Advanced façade design and technology
The introduction of cyber-physical systems (CPS)

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• Smart machines, storage systems,

i l
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production facilities and building site

l l B
terminals capable of autonomously

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exchanging information, triggering actions

T t
and controlling each other independently.

a systems (e.g. cyber

o •nSmart assistance
i t
c i l a b
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glasses) release workers and maintenance

n product manuals and from having to

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staff from extensive and sophisticated

C rb perform routine tasks, enabling them to

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focus on creative, value-added activities.

CPS will radically transform the principles of operation of all involved parties
26
Thinking out of the box
Advanced façade design and technology

g s
1. Introduction
i l din
Bu
l l
2. Innovating out of the box

3.
T a
Functional optimization of buildings and
t
façades

Performance and appearance n of façades ita

4.
i l o b
c the box a
5.
n H
u ofathen process chain
Modular systems outside

C o b
r
6. Continuous digitalization

7. © dU
Summary

an
27
Thinking out of the box - Advanced façade design and technology
Summary

g s
in
- Technology push innovation-strategy

i l d
… to identify technological trends

u
l l B
(e.g. the “Internet of Things and Services”)

T a t
o n
- Market
i ta
pull innovation-strategy

c i l a b
… to identify currently inadequate satisfaction

n
u an H of customer needs

o
C rb
… anticipating the customer's needs

© dU (the method of scenario thinking creates

an … successful innovations often rely on

more probable “futures”).

the targeted combination of market pull and technology push activities

28
Thinking out of the box - Advanced façade design and technology
Summary

g s
l d i n
u i
1. cost-efficiency (investment,

B
operating and maintenance costs)

2.a
l
l considerations (functional,
n T design

a t
o i t
formal and symbolic aspects)

c i l a b
n H
3. energy requirements (heating,

ou an cooling, ventilating, lighting etc.)

C rb
© dU 4. as well as room comfort (thermal,

an
visual, hygienic, acoustic etc.).

… taking into account environmental, economical, social and cultural aspects

29
Thinking out of the box - Advanced façade design and technology
Summary

g s
- Modularly designed façades - with scalable functional

i l d in
u
groups having optimized interfaces and standardized
B
a l l
functional principles - can be planned and executed

n
efficiently and with a high quality.
T at
l o b i t
c i a
n
u and engineers
- Continuous digitalization
H
of the process
n
chain,

C o
connecting architects
b a as well as main

© U r
contractors, system suppliers, façade and maintenance
companies withd
an
their specific activities.

This will radically transform the competence profiles of all involved parties
30
 Thinking out of the box - Advanced façade design and technology
On our the way to a sustainable built environment

g s
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B u
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n T at
l o b i t
c i a
n
u an H
o
C rb
© dU
an
… neither the high tech nor the low tech but the smart tech concept is the best one
31
 g s
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B u
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nbox
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ThinkingCout of b a
r
© façaded design
Advanced
the
U and technology
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Prof. Dr.-Ing. Winfried Heusler SCHÜCO-International KG / Deutschland