How to give a good

presentation?
By
Khaled Mokhtar
MD Urology
Ain-Shams University
Presentation.
so what? and who cares?
 Hundreds of presentations, ……few are
memorized …….and many are forgotten.

 So

 Presentation is an art that we should

master
“Great speakers aren’t
born, they are trained.”

Presenting is a Skill…
Developed through experience
and training.
 Value of your presentation

 For e.g. In a conference

 20 minutes talk X 300 doctors (Audience)
= 100 hours doctor’s time

 1 hour of a professional doctors ? pounds

?? pounds
Types of presentations
we are encountered
with:

Lectures

Tutorials

Prelabs

Seminars

Conferences
The items to be dealt with
include:

1- Components of presentation.
2- Effective presentation techniques.
3- Creating effective visual aids.
4- Common problems
Good Presentation must
be:

 Purposeful
 Audience based
 Clear
 Concise
 Well organized
I-Components of the
Presentation
I-Components of the
Presentation

1. The Audience
2. The Subject
3. The Material
 1-The Audience

 Undergraduate
 Post-graduate

 Professionals

• Fashion your presentation based on your audience

• Don’t underestimate the intelligence of the audience
1-The Audience

Assess Your Audience

– “Success depends on your ability to reach
your audience.”
– Size
– Knowledge Level
– Motivation
2-The Subject

 Choose the subject that you are interested

in.

 Identify your goal of presentation

informative
persuasive
Challenging
3-The Speaker

The speaker should be

 Honest

 Enthusiastic

Feel that you are delivering a

MESSAGE
Before you start … Get
Ready
 Get ready and Collect your
data.

 Rehearse and rehearse in

a time frame.

 Plan to rehearse your

presentation out loud
at least 4 times.

 Be yourself.
Organizing Your
Presentation..

Organizational Patterns
 Topical

 Chronological

 Problem/Solution

 Cause/Effect
Fear

 Feared More Than Death!

 The symptoms: Frequent swallowing,
trembling, Shaky hands, blushing cheeks,
memory loss, nausea, and knocking knees
 NORMAL! Control it …. Don’t fight it..
 You should worry when these symptoms stay
away
How to proceed in the
presentation?
3 Phases:
 Opening your presentation

 Proceeding in Your Presentation

 Ending your Presentation

The structure of a good
presentation:

80%
10% 10%

• Start broad, get specific, and end broad.

• This is typical for a professional level.
Phase 1:
Opening your presentation

Almost everyone listens at the beginning.

This is THE MOMENT to make clear the

value of your presentation.
…Be Careful

Audience attention curve

Opening Your Presentation

 Introduce Yourself.
 Use an Attractive slide
 Start slowly.
– Humor
– Short Story
 Give an overview of your topic.
 Define, Introduce clearly the aim of
your Topic.
Phase 2:
Proceed in your
Presentation
1. Determine Main Points.
2. Give Supporting Evidence (REFERENCE..).
3. Don’t use abnormal words.
4. Group together what belongs together (DO
NOT BE REDUNDANT).
5. Get Feedback.
6. Do not try to tell every thing.
Phase 2:
Proceed in your
Presentation
 Remind your audience with the goal of
your presentation.
 Give intermediate conclusions to re-
establish the bonds with the audience.
 If your presentation is long .. Try to
break it into several sections.
• The impact of inadequate planning,
rehearsal and lack of organization on the audience
Phase 3:
Ending your Presentation
Concluding Your Presentation
 Inform audience that you’re about to
close.
 Summarize main points take home message

“Tell them What You Told them.”

• Audience attention increases as you
signal the end of the talk –

Get strong closing

Take advantage from the curve
 II- Effective
Presentation Techniques
Presentation Style

1. Vocal Techniques
– Loudness
– Rate
– Pause
 Emphasize your ideas by using the
pause, tone and loudness.
 Get a moment of silence before starting
an important phrase.
Presentation Style
Presentation Style

2. Body Language
 Eye Contact,
 gesture,
 Posture.
 Movement.
• Body language by famous politicians
 Common Problems

 Verbal fillers “Um”, “uh”, “yaani”, “assl”

 Hands in pockets or giving the audience
your back
 Lip smacking.
 Inappropriate movement (too much, hiding the
presentation, or not clear to the audience…..) .
 Laser pointer on text, only on diagrams
tables and photos.
 Failure to be audience-centered
III-Creating Effective
Visual Aids.
Creating Your Slides
 Visual Aids… the role

 Improve understanding

 Add strength to the text

 Illustrate and simplify complex ideas

Creating Effective Visual
Aids.
 An effective slide should be
understood in 5 seconds.

eg. road advertisement, the

passenger riding 60 km/h
PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use
Type size should be 18 points or larger:
18 point

20 point

24 point

28 point

36 point
* References can be in 14 point font
PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use:

Arial vs. Arial bold

Comic Sans vs. Comic Sans bold

Times New Roman vs. Times New Roman bold

PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use:

AVOID USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS

BECAUSE IT’S REALLY HARD TO READ!
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color

Dark letters against a light background

work for
smaller rooms and for teaching
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color

Light letters against a dark

background also work in a large
room..
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color

Avoid red-green combinations because a large fraction

of the human population is red-green colorblind.

Lots of people can’t read this –

and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color

Other color combinations can be equally bad:

PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout

1. No more than two lines each text.

2. No more than 7 lines per slide.

3. No more than 7 words in the line

PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout

The reason for limiting text blocks to two lines is that

when the text block goes on and on forever, people in
the audience are going to have to make a huge effort
to read the text, which will preclude them from paying
attention to what you are saying. Every time you lose
their focus, your presentation suffers!
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout
Avoid sublists!

• Item 1
- Item 1a
- Item 1b
- Item 1c
• Item 2
- Item 2a
- Item 2b
• Item 3
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout
Complicated slides to be understood
Human Sperm-Oocyte Interaction

Figure 3. Stages of human fertilization.

Spermatozoa swim through the surrounding
medium and cumulus mass (not shown) and
bind to the surface of the zona pellucida. The
acrosome reaction is stimulated by zona
proteins and the acrosome reacted sperm
penetrates the zona, enters the perivitelline
space and binds to the oolemma via the
equatorial segment. Oocyte processes
surround the sperm head and it enters the
ooplasm and decondenses. Infertility could
result from defects of any of these
processes. For example, abnormal sperm
particularly with defective head morphology
bind poorly to the zona.
PowerPoint basics:
3. Style
(One photo is better than 5 text slide)

There are other causes of death .. Other than p Ca

PowerPoint basics:
3. Style

Use diagrams, graphs ….they are

easy to understand

Limit the use of tables

Use the animation properly….. To
a professional level only
PowerPoint basics:
3. Style

Limit the number of items on each slide.

Each slide should contain just one idea.

Each slide should have a title.

Effective Presentations

 Control Anxiety – Don’t Fight It

 Audience Centered
 Accomplishes Objective
 Fun For Audience
 Fun For You
 Conducted Within Time Frame
Seven Deadly Sins
1- Not audience based.
2- Unclear purpose.
3- Lack of organization.
4- Unnecessary information.
5- Monotonous voice and sloppy speech.
6- Unnecessary, or inappropriate visual
aids.
7- Reading your talk. (it is much faster
than natural speech)
Remember that …
“you are the presentation
not the PowerPoint”
IV-Problematic situations
Student with bad
manners:
a) Ignore him
b) Give a strong warning
c) Be firm and order him/her to leave
d) Humiliate him/her
A question that you don’t
know the answer to:

a) Try to answer using your basic

knowledge
b) Be clear and announce that you don’t
know and that you will check the text
c) Say that you are busy and make an
appointment
Equipment failure

a) Cancel the lecture

b) Reorganize the lecture (use a projector,
board, or just the mic.)
c) Change the way of the lecture e.g. In
questions and answers or revision

Always have backup … a bad backup is better

than no backup at all
(extra flash memory, CD, own laptop….)
Other problems
Design Final Touch:
Ahmad Al-Sabbagh
March 2012*