SM

Problem 7.
1
Determine the soil pressure distribution under the footing.
Elevation
Plan
M 180
e   1.5 ft
P 120
(a) B= L= 8 ft
L
e  1.5 ft   1.33 ft
6
1
P 6 (P e) 180 6 (180)
q2   2
  3
 4.92 kip/ft 2
BL BL 8(8) 8

P 6 P e 180 6 (180)
q1   2
  3
 0.7 kip/ft 2
BL BL 8(8) 8
(b) L=10 ft B =5 ft
L
e  1.5 ft   1.66 ft
6
P 6 (P e) 180 6 (180)
q2   2
  2
 5.76 kip/ft 2
BL BL 5(10) (5)(10)

P 6Pe 180 6 (180)
q1   2
   1.42 kip/ft 2
BL BL 5(10) (5)(10) 2
Problem 7.2
Determine the soil pressure distribution under the footing. Use a factor of 1.2 for DL and 1.6 for
LL.
Elevation
Plan
P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(200)  1.6(250)  640 kN

M u  1.2 M D  1.6 M L  0  1.6(64)  64 kN-m
2
Mu 64 L
e   0.1 m   0.5 m
Pu 640 6
Pu 6 (Pu e) 640 6 (64)
q u1   2
  3
 85.32 kN/m 2
BL BL 3(3) 3

Pu 6 Pu e 640 6 (64)
qu 2   2
  3
 56.88 kN/m 2
BL BL 3(3) 3
Problem 7.3
The effective soil pressure is 4 kip/ft 2 . Determine the maximum allowable value
for L.
Elevation Plan
M 48
e   .3478 ft
P 138
L P 6 M 138 6 (48)
Assume e  2
  2  4
6 L L3 L L3
4Lreq 3  138Lreq  288  0 L  6.72 ft
3
Problem 7.4
The allowable soil pressure is qallowable  250 kN/m2 , γsoil  18 kN/m3 , γconc  24 kN/m3 ,
PD = 1000 kN and PL = 1400 kN.
Plan
Elevation
P D+L  1000  1400  2400 kN
qeffective  qallowable  γconc t  γsoil (h-t)  250  24(.4) 18(1  .4)  229.6 kN/m 2
P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(1000)  1.6(1400)  3440 kN

Pu
qu 
L1 L 2
L1 a
Vu ( x)  L 2 q u (  )
2 2
2
L q L a
M u ( x)  2 u  1  
2  2 2
4
(a) A square footing (L1= L2 = L)
P D+L
2
 q effective  229.6 kN/m 2
L
2400
L  3.23 m use L  3.25 m
229.6
Pu 3440
qu  2
  326 kN/m2
L 3.25(3.25)
L a
Vu max  L q u (  )  (3.25)(326)(1.625  .225)  1483 kN
2 2
2
L q u  L a  (3.25)(326)
M u max      (1.625  .225)2  1038 kN-m
2  2 2 2
(b)A rectangular footing with L2 = 2.5 m.

P D+L
 q effective  229.6 kN/m 2
L1 (L 2 )
2400
L1   4.18 m use L1  4.2 m
2.5(229.6)
5
Pu 3440
qu    327.6 kN/m2
L1 L2 2.5(4.2)
L1 a
Vu max  L 2 q u (  )  (2.5)(327.6)(2.1  .225)  1536 kN
2 2
2
L q  L a  (2.5)(327.6)
M u max  2 u 1   (2.1  .225) 2  1440 kN-m
2  2 2 2
Problem 7.5
A 350 mm x 350 mm column is to be supported on a shallow foundation. Determine the
dimensions (either square or rectangular) for the following conditions. The effective soil pressure
is qeffective  180 kN/m2 .
(a) The centerline of the column coincides with the centerline of the footing.
Plan
Elevation
P 6 (P e)
q    q effective
L1 L 2 L 2 L12
240 6 (550)
  180
2.5L1 2.5L12
180L12  220L1  576  0  L1  2.5 m
6
(b) The center line of the column is 0.75meter from the property line.
Plan Elevation
P 6 (P e)
L1 L 2 L 2 L12
 L 
6  ( 1  .75)(550)  240 
550
  2   180
2
2.5L1 2.5L1
180 L12  880 L1  652.5  0  L1  3.97 m use L1  4 m
(c) The center line of the column is 0.5 meter from the centroid of the footing.
7
Plan Elevation
P 6 (P e)
L1 L 2 L 2 L12
550 6 (515)
  180
2.5L1 2.5L12
180 L12  220 L1  1236  0  L1  3.3 m
Problem 7.6
A combined footing supports two square columns: Column A is 14 inches x 14 inches and
carries a dead load of 140 kips and a live load of 220 kips. Column B is 16 inches x 16 inches
and carries a dead load of 260 kips and a live load of 300 kips. The effective soil pressure is
qe  4.5 k/ft 2 . Assume the soil pressure distribution is uniform. Determine the footing
8
dimensions for the following geometric configurations. Establish the shear and moment diagrams
corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Problem 7.7
Column A is 350 mm x 350 mm and carries a dead load of 1300 kN and a live load of 450 kN.
Column B is 450 mm x 450 mm and carries a dead load of 1400 kN and a live load of 800 kN.
The combined footing shown below is used to support these columns. Determine the soil
pressure distribution and the shear and bending moment distributions along the longitudinal
direction corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.
Elevation
20
Plan
21
22
23
Problem 7.8
Dimension a strap footing for the situation shown. The exterior column A is 14 inches x 14
inches and carries a dead load of 160 kips and a live load of 130 kips; the interior column B is 18
inches x 18 inches and carries a dead load of 200 kips and a live load of 187.5 kips; the distance
between the center lines of the columns is 18 ft. Assume the strap is placed such that it does not
bear directly on the soil. Take the effective soil pressure as qe  4.5 k/ft 2 . Draw shear and
moment diagrams using a factored load of Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.
24
Plan
Elevation
25
Problem 7.9
Column A is 350 mm x 350 mm and carries a dead load of 1300 kN and a live load of 450 kN.
Column B is 450 mm x 450 mm and carries a dead load of 1400 kN and a live load of 800 kN.
A strap footing is used to support the columns and the center line of Column A is 0.5 meter from
the property line. Assume the strap is placed such that it does not bear directly on the soil.
Determine the soil pressure distribution and the shear and bending moment distributions along
the longitudinal direction corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.
26
Elevation
Plan
27
28
Problem 7.10
An exterior 18 in x18 in column with a total vertical service load of P1 = 180 kips and an interior
20 in x20 in column with a total vertical service load of P2 = 240 kips are to be supported at each
column by a pad footing connected by a strap beam. Assume the strap is placed such that it does
not bear directly on the soil.
(a) Determine the dimensions L1 and L 2 for the pad footings that will result in a uniform
effective soil pressure not exceeding 3 k/ft 2 under each pad footing. Use ¼ ft increments.
(b) Determine the soil pressure profile under the footings determined in part (a) when an
additional loading, consisting of an uplift force of 80 kips at the exterior column and an
uplift force of 25 kips at the interior column, is applied.
29
30
31
32
33
Problem 8.1
For the concrete retaing wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution.
1 1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (18)(3.5) 2 ( )  49 kN
2 2 3
H 3.5
M  Pa ( )  49( )  57.16 kN-m
overturning 3 3
W1  (24)(0.75)(3)(1)  54 kN
3
W2  (24)( )(1.25)(1)  45 kN
2
W3  (24)(2)(0.5)(1)  24 kN
N  N   Wi  123 kN
Fmax   N  .5(123)  61.5 kN
Fmax 61.5
F.S. sliding    1.25
Pa 49
2
M  W1 (1.625)  W2 ( )(1.25)  W3 (1)  149.2 kN-m
resisting 3
M 149.2
   2.6
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 57.16
overturning
M net  M  Moverturning  92 kN-m
resisting
Page 1 of Chapter I 1
M net
x  .748
N
L
e  x=.25 m
2
N  6 e  123  6(.25) 
q1  1   1    107.6 kN/m
2
L  L  2  2 
N  6 e  123  6(.25) 
q2  1   1    15.3 kN/m
2
L  L  2  2 
Problem 8.2
For the concrete retaing wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution. Use the Rankine theory for soil pressure
computations.
1 1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (18)(3.5) 2 ( )  49 kN
2 2 3
H 3.5
M  Pa ( )  49( )  57.16 kN-m
overturning 3 3
W1  (24)(0.75)(3)(1)  54 kN
3
W2  (24)( )(1.25)(1)  45 kN
2
W3  (24)(3)(0.5)  36 kN
W4  (18)(3)(1)  24 kN
N   Wi  189 kN
Fmax   N  .5(123)  94.5 kN
Fmax 94.5
F.S. sliding    1.928
Pa 49
M  314.23 kN-m
resisting
M 314.23
   5.49
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 57.16
overturning
M net  M  M overturning  257 kN-m

resisting
M net
x  1.36 m
N
L
e  x  1.5  1.36  .14 m
2
N  6 e 
q1  1    45.4 kN/m
2
L  L 
N  6 e 
q2  1    8.1 kN/m
2
L  L 
Problem 8.3
For the concrete retaining wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution. Use the Rankine theory for soil pressure
computations
1 1 1
Pa  k a γs H 2  ( )(.12)(14) 2  3.92 kip
2 2 3
W1 = .15 (2) (12)  3.6 kip

1
W2 = .15 ( )(4 )(12)  3.6 kip
2
W3 = .15 (2) (13)  3.9 kip
W4 = .12 (4) (12)  5.76 kip
The normal and horizontal forces are

N  W1  W2  W3  W4  16.86 kip
Fmax   N  .5 (16.86) = 8.43 kips
Next we compute the factors of safety.
Fmax 8.43
F.S.sliding =   2.15
Pa 3.92
H 14
M Boverturning  Pa ( )  3.92( )  18.24 k-ft
3 3
M Bresisting  W1 (8)+W2 (2.67)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (11)

 3.6 (8)+3.6 (2.67)+3.9(6.5)+5.76(11)  127.1 k-ft
M Bresisting 127.1
F.S.overturning    6.97
M Boverturning 18.24
M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  108.86 k-ft
M Bnet 108.86
x    6.45ft
N 16.86
L 13
e  x   6.45  .05 ft
2 2
Using the above values, the peak pressures are
N 6e 16.86 6(.05)
q (1 ± ) (1  )  q1  1.38 kip/ft 2 q 2  1.27 kip/ft 2
L L 13 13
Problem 8.4
μ γc b b
F.S. sliding  ( ) ( 2 ) (1  1 )
k a γs H b2
.5 (.15) b 1
1.25  ( 2 ) (1  )  b 2  8.33
(1/ 3) (.12) 14 b2
2 γc  b2 
2 
 1  b1  b1 
2

F.S.    1     
overturning k a γs  H   2  b2  b2 
 
μ γc b b
F.S. sliding  ( ) ( 2 ) (1  1 )
k a γs H b2
2(.15)  b2 
2 
 1 1 
2
1
F.S.    1       1.75
overturning (1/3) (.12)  14   2  b2  b2 


For b2  8.33
2(.15)  8.33 
2

 1 1 
2
1 

F.S.    1       2.95  1.75
overturning (1/3) (.12)  14   2  8.33  8.33 
 
Problem 8.5
3 3
Assume: γsoil= 0.12 k/ft , γconcrete = 0.15 k/ft , µ= .5 and Φ = 300
1 1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(22) 2 ( )  9.68 kip
2 2 3
1
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) (.2) (22)  1.47
3
1 1
Pp  k p γs H'2  (3)(.12)(4) 2  2.88 kip
2 2
F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  8.27 kip

H H 22 22
M  Pa ( )  Ps ( )  9.68 ( )  1.47( )  87.15
overturning 3 2 3 2
W1  .15 (1) (20.5)  3.075

20.5
W2  .15 (.5) ( )  .77
2
W3  .15 (b11) (1.5)  2.475
W4  .12 (6) (20.5)  14.76
W5  .12 (2.5) (3.5)  1.05
N   W  22 i
Fmax   N  11
Fmax 11
 Fhorizontal 8.27
M Bresisting  W1 (4.5)+W2 (3.83)+W3 (5.5)+W4 (8)+W5 (1.75)+Pp (1.33)
 3.075(4.5)+.768(3.83)+2.475(5.5)+14.76(8)+1.05(1.75)+2.88(1.33)  154 kip-ft
M Bresisting 154
M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  66.85 kip-ft
M Bnet 66.85
x    3ft
N 22
L 11 L
e  x   3  3.5 ft  1.83
2 2 6
q1 (3a) (22)(2)
N  q1  =4.89 kip/ft 2
2 3(3)
Problem 8.6
Allowable soil pressure = 5.0 ksf , γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 and γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3
1 1 1
Pa  k a γs H 2  ( )(.12)(24) 2  11.52 kip
2 2 3
H 24
M B overturning  Pa ( )  11.52( )  92.16 kip-ft
3 3
W1 = .15 (1) (21)  3.15 kip
1
W2 = .15 ( )(.5 )(21)  .78 kip
2
W3 = .15 (3) (13)  5.85 kip
W4 = .12 (8) (21)  20.1 kip
N   W  30 kip
i
Fmax   N  .5 (30) = 15 kips
Fmax 15
Pa 11.52
M Bresisting  W1 (4.5)+W2 (3.83)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (9)

 3.15(4.5)+.78(3.83)+5.85(6.5)+20.1 (9)  236 kip-ft
M Bresisting 236
M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  143.84 kip-ft
M Bnet 143.84
x    4.79ft
N 30
L 13
e  x   4.79  1.7 ft
2 2
N 6e 30 6(1.7)
q (1 ± ) (1  )  q1  4.12 kip/ft 2 q 2  0.5 kip/ft 2
L L 13 13
1
p  k a γs H  ( )(.12)(24)  0.96 kip/ft
3
Problem 8.7
Suggest values for b1 and b 2 . Take the safety factors for sliding and over turning to be equal to 2.
Assume: γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 , γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3 , µ = .57, and Φ = 300
1 1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(16) 2 ( )  5.12 kip
2 2 3
1
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) (.1) (16)  .53
3
1 1
Pp  k p γs H'2  (3)(.12)(4) 2  2.88 kip
2 2
F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  2.77
H H 16 16
M  Pa ( )  Ps ( )  5.12 ( )  .53( )  31.55
overturning 3 2 3 2
W1  .15 (3) (14)  6.3

W2  .15 (2) (b1 +b 2 +3)  .3(b1 +b 2 +3)
W3  .12 (b 2 ) (20)  2.4b 2
W4  .12 (b1 ) (2)  2.4b1
N   W  6.3+.3(b +b +3)+2.4b
i 1 2 2  2.4b1  7.2  2.7(b1 +b2 )
Fmax   N  .57 (7.2  2.7(b1 +b 2 ))  4.1  1.54(b1 +b 2 )
Fmax 4.1  1.54(b1 +b 2 )

F.S.sliding =  2  b1 +b 2  0.935
 horizontal
F 2.77
 b2  0.935  b1
M Bresisting  W1 (1.5  b1 )+W2 (.5b1 +.5b 2 +1.5)+W3 (b1 +.5b 2 +3)+W4 (2.5)+Pp (1.33) 
 6.3(1.5  b1 )  .3(b1 +b 2 +3)(.5b1 +.5b 2 +1.5)  16.8(b1 +.5b2 +3)  2.4b1 (2.5)  2.88(1.33) 
 106.4  3.9b1
M Bresisting 106.4  3.9b1

F.S.overturning   2 b1  0  b2  .935ft
Problem 8.8
Determine the minimum value of w at which soil failure occurs (i.e., the soil pressure exceeds
the allowable soil pressure).
Assume: qallowable  5 k/ft 2 , γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 , γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3 , µ = .57 and Φ = 300
1 1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(22) 2 ( )  9.68 kip
2 2 3
1
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) ( ws ) (22)  7.33 ws
3
1 1
Pp  k p γs (H' )2  (3)(.12)(4)2  2.88 kip
2 2
F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  9.68  7.33 ws  2.88  6.88  7.33 ws

H H 22
M  Pa ( )  Ps ( )  9.68( )  7.33 ws (11)  71  80.6 ws
overturning 3 2 3
W1  .15 (2) (20)  6 kip

W2  .15 (2) (14)  4.2 kip
W3  .12 (7) (20)  16.8 kip
W4  .12 (5) (2)  1.2 kip
N   W  28.2 kip
i
Fmax   N  .57 (28.2) = 16 kip
N 6e 28.2 6e
q (1  )5 (1  )5 e  3.46 ft
L L 14 14
M net M net
x 
N 28.2
L M
e   x  7  net  3.46 M net  99.8
2 28.2
M Bresisting  W1 (6)+W2 (7)+W3 (10.5)+W4 (2.5)+Pp (1.33) 

 6(6)  4.2(7)  16.8(10.5)  1.2(2.5)  2.88(1.33)  248.6
M net  M  Moverturning 99.8  248.6  (71  80.6 ws )

resisting
 ws  .96kip/ft 2
Problem 8.9
(a)
The answer is case (a).
Problem 8.10
(a) Determine the factor of safety with respect to overturning and sliding.
(b) Identify the tension areas in the stem, toe, and heel and show the reinforcing pattern.
(c) Determine the location of the line of action of the resultant at the base of the footing
1 1
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.1)(12) 2 (.4)  2.88 kip
2 2
H 12
M  Pa ( )+2(15)  2.88( )  30  41.52 kip-ft
overturning 3 3
W1  (1.5)(13)(3)(.15)  2.925 kip

W2  (2)(12)(.15)  3.6 kip
W3  (7)(2)(010)(.1)  7 kip
N   W  13.525 kip
Fmax   N  .58(13.525)  7.84 kip
Fmax 7.84
F.S. sliding    2.72
Pa 2.88
M  93.53 kip-ft
resisting
M 93.53
   2.25
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 41.52
overturning
M net  M  M overturning  52 kip-ft
resisting
M net 52
x   3.84
N 13.525
L L
e  x  6  3.84  2.16 ft  2ft
2 6
Problem 9.1
Take E=29,000 ksi and I= 200 in 4 .
 17 wL4 17(2)(30) 4 (12)3

 
 B,0 243EI   33.78 in
 243(29000)(200)
 3
δ  8L  8(30)3 (12)3
 0.794 in
 BB 81EI 81(29000)(200)
 B  1 in
Page 1 of Chapter 9
  B,0  R B δBB  1 in
 B,0  1 33.78  1
RB    41.28 kip 
δBB 0.794
Problem 9.2
Take E=200 GPa and I= 80(10)6 mm4 .
  B,0  R B δBB  12 mm
 B  12 mm
Page 2 of Chapter 9
 wL4 15(6) 4 (10)9
 
 B,0 8EI   151.875 mm
 8(200)(80)106
Table 3.1  3
δ  L  (6)3 (10)9
 4.5 mm
 BB 3EI 3(200)(80)106
 B,0  12 151.875  12
RB    31.08 kN 
δBB 4.5
Problem 9.3
kv= 60 k/in, E=29,000 ksi, I= 200 in 4
Page 3 of Chapter 9
 17 wL4 17(1.0)(20) 4 (12)3
 D,0  384EI  384(29000)(200)  2.11 in

 3
δ  L  (20)3 (12)3
 0.0993 in
 DD 24EI 24(29000)(200)
 D,0 2.11
FCD    18.19 kip
1 1
δ DD  0.0993 
kV 60
Problem 9.4
L = 5 m, E = 200 GPa, I= 170(10)6 mm4
(a)
Page 4 of Chapter 9
B,0  110.49 mm
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB    1.059 mm
48EI 48(200)(170)106
 B,0
RB   110.4 kN 
δBB
(b)
Page 5 of Chapter 9
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB    1.059 mm
48EI 48(200)(170)106
B 8.33
RB    7.86 kN 
δBB 1.059
(c)
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB    1.059 mm
48EI 48(200)(170)106
B 20
RB    18.89 kN R B  18.89 kN 
δBB 1.059
(d)
Page 6 of Chapter 9
 P 40(10)9

 B,0  25.946  25.946  30.52 mm
 EI (200)(170)(10)6
 3
δ  L  (12)3 (10)9
 1.059 mm
 BB 48EI 48(200)(170)(10)6
 B,0 30.52
FB    28.15 kN
1 1
δ BB  1.059 
kV 40
(e)
Page 7 of Chapter 9
 57 wL4 57(20)(12) 4 (10)9
 
 D,0 6144EI   113.16 mm
 6144(200)(170)(10)6
 3
δ  3L  3(12)3 (10)9
 0.596 mm
 DD 256EI 256(200)(170)(10)6
 D,0 113.16
FD    17.97 kN
1 1
δ DD  0.596 
kV 40
Problem 9.5
I  400 in 4 , E  29,000 ksi , L  54 ft , w  2.1 kip/ft ,  B  1.2 in
Page 8 of Chapter 9
(i) The distributed load shown
  B,0  R B δBB  0
The deflection terms are given in Chapter 3
 4wL4

 B,0    14.6 in
 729 EI

 4L3
 BB 243EI  .386 in
δ 
Page 9 of Chapter 9
 B,0 14.6
RB    37.8 kip 
δBB 0.386
(ii) The support settlement at B
  R B δBB  1.2 in
1.2 1.2
RB    3.1 kip R B  3.1 kip 
δBB 0.386
Problem 9.6
AC  1200 mm2 , L  9 m, P  40 kN and E  200 GPa .
Page 10 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.7
x x  Io
y  4h   ( ) 2  I
L L  cos θ
(a) Determine the horizontal reaction at B due to the concentrated load.
(b) Utilize the results of part (a) to obtain an analytical expression for the horizontal reaction
due to a distributed loading, w( x) .
(c) Specialize (b) for a uniform loading, w( x)  w0 .
(d) Suppose the horizontal support at B is replaced by a member extending from A to B. Repeat
part (a).
Problem 9.8
Consider the semi-circular arch shown below. Determine the distribution of the axial and shear
forces and the bending moment. The cross section properties are constant.
Problem 9.9
Take A  20,000 mm2 I  400(10)6 mm4 and E  200 GPa
Case (a):
Mmax  0 (no bending moment)
Deflected shape
Case (b):
Mmax  1101 kN-m
Deflected shape
Case (c):
Mmax  529 kN-m
Deflected shape
Problem 9.10
Consider the following values for the area of the tension rod AC: 4 in 2 , 8 in 2 , 16 in 2 .
A  30 in 2 I  1000 in 4 E  29,000 ksi .
A  30 in 2 I  1000 in 4 E  29,000 ksi
Bending moment
Axial force
Bending moment
Axial force
Bending moment
Axial force
Problem 9.11
A  40 in 2 I  1200 in 4 E  29,000 ksi
Case(a):
Mmax  0 (no bending moment)

Case (b):
Mmax  130 kip-ft
Case (c):
Mmax  43.3 kip-ft
Case (d):
Mmax  10.9 kip-ft
Problem 9.12
Determine the horizontal reaction at support D.
P
(See Figure 9.38) H D1   1 kip 
2
I2 I I1 I rg 5
(See example 9.15) rg   rc   
L 16 h 20 rc 4
2 2
wL 1 (32) 1
H D2    2.33 kip 
12h 2 g 12(20) 1  ( 5 )
r 2
1
3 rc 3 4
 HD  HD1  HD2  1  2.33  1.33 kip 
Problem 9.13
Consider h = 2 m, 4 m, 6 m.
x1
0  x1  9 M 0 (x1 )  101.25 x1  7.5 x12 δM(x1 )  6
9h
x2
0  x2  9 M 0 (x2 )  101.25 x2 δM(x2 )  6
9h
9 9
1 1 x 1 x
Δ B,0  
EI s
M 0 δM dS   (101.25 x1  7.5 x12 )( 1  6) dx1   (101.25 x2 )( 2  6) dx2
EI 0 9h EI 0 9h
9 9
1 1 x 1 x
δ BB    δM  dS   ( 1  6)2 dx1   ( 1  6) 2 dx2
2
EI s EI 0 9h EI 0 9h
 B,0
Then H B  
δBB
0.0676(10)6 for h  2m 0.00263(10) 6 for h  2m

 
EIΔ B,0  0.0847(10)6 for h  4m EIδ BB  0.00357(10) 6 for h  4m
 
0.1067(10)
6
for h  6m 0.0049(10)
6
for h  6m
25.7 kN  for h  2m

 H B  23.7 kN  for h  4m
21.78 kN  for h  6m

Problem 9.14
Determine the peak positive and negative moments as a function of h. Consider h = 10 ft, 20 ft,
30 ft.
See equation (9.51) and Figure 9.49
wL2 1 1.2(50)2 1 250
M BA    
12 1r 12 1  1 ( h ) 1
h
1 g
2 rc 2 25 50
   
wL  2 1
2  
  375 1- 2 
ME 
h 
1-
8  3 1 rg   3(1  ) 
 1+ 
 2 rc   50 
208 kip-ft for h  10ft


M  max  M BA  178.6 kip-ft for h  20ft

156.2 kip-ft for h  30ft
166.6 kip-ft for h  10ft

 
M max  M E  196.4 kip-ft for h  20ft

218.7 kip-ft for h  30ft
Problem 9.15
Using a Computer software system, determine the bending moment distribution and deflected
shape due to the loading shown.
Take I1  1000 in 4 , I2  2000 in 4 , E=29,000 ksi and A=20 in 2 all members
Problem 9.16
Take E=200 GPa, I  400(10)6 mm4 , A=100000 mm2 and AC  1200 mm2 , 2400 mm2 , 4800
mm2 . Use a Computer software system.
(a)
(b)
Problem 9.17
Both cases (a) and (b) will are rigid frames and will have large horizontal displacements and will
behave the same. In case (b) the added member will not carry any load. In case (c) the diagonal
member changes the behavior. The frame will behave like a truss. All the members only carry
axial forces and lateral movement will be very small.
Case (a):
Case (b):
Case (c):
Problem 9.18
E= 29,000 ksi, A= 1 in 2 all members
F0 δF
member L, in F0 δF δF2 L F0 + X1 δF
F δF L
ab 14.14(12) -3.53 -.707 423.47 84.81 4.62
bc 14.14(12) -17.67 -.707 2119.75 84.81 -9.51
cd 10(12) 12.5 .5 750 30 6.73
da 10(12) 12.5 .5 750 30 6.73
bd 10(12) 0 1 0 120 -11.53
 F δF L  4043  δF2 L  349.6
L 4043
1,0   F0 δF   0.139
AE 29000
2 L 349.6
δ11    δF    0.012
AE 29000
1,0 0.139
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1     11.53
δ11 0.012
Knowing the value of X1 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using superposition.
Member forces are listed below.
Problem 9.19
Assume the vertical reaction at d as the force redundant.
E= 200 GPa, A= 660 mm2 all members, α= 12x10-6 / 0C , T  100 C
member L, mm δF e temp = α ΔTL δF e temp δF2 L X1 δF
ab 5657 -.606 0.67884 -.4073 2077.4 -6.9
bc 5657 -.714 0.67884 -.4819 2883.9 -8.1
cd 3000 .428 0 0 549.5 4.8
da 4000 .428 0 0 732.7 4.8
bd 4000 1 0 0 4000 11.4
e δF  0.889  L  δF  10243.5
2
temp
1,0   etemp δF  0.889

L 10243.5
δ11    δF    0.0776
2
AE 660(200)
1,0 0.889
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1     11.4
δ11 0.0776
Problem 9.20
E=29,000 ksi and A= 1 in 2 all members.
member L, in F0 δFδF2 L F0 δF L F0 + X1 δF
ab 12(12) 0 -.8 92.16 0 7.6
bc 9(12) -10 -.6 38.88 648 -4.3
cd 12(12) -19.33 -.8 92.16 2226.8 -11.7
da 9(12) 0 -.6 32.88 0 5.7
ac 15(12) 16.66 1 180 2998.8 7.2
bd 15(12) 0 1 180 0 -9.5
 δF L 616  F0 δFL 58736
2
L 5873.6
1,0   F0 δF   0.2025
AE 2900(1)
2 L 616
δ11    δF    0.0212
AE 2900(1)
1,0
.2025
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1    9.5
δ11 .0212
Problem 9.21
A1  A2  A3  A4  10 in 2 , A 5 = 5 in 2 , α= 6.5x10-6 / 0F , ΔT= 600 , E= 29,000 ksi
member L, in L/AE δF etemp δF F0 δFL  δF  F0 + X1 δF
2
e temp = F0 L
α ΔTL AE AE
ab 28.84(12) 0.001193 0.13497 12 -1.8 -.2429 -.0257 .00386 -19.1
bc 28.84(12) 0.001193 0.13497 -6 -1.8 -.2429 .0128 .00386 -37.1
cd 20(12) 0.000827 0.0936 4.16 2.5 0 .0086 .00516 47.3
da 20(12) 0.000827 0.0936 4.16 2.5 0 .0086 .00516 47.3
bd 12(12) 0.000993 0.05616 5 3 0 .0148 .00893 56.8
F0 δFL
1,0    e temp δF  .019  0.485  0.466
AE
 δF
2
L
δ11    0.027
AE
0.466 1,0
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1  
 17.26 
δ11 0.027
Problem 9.22
Assume the force in member ac and the reaction at support f as force redundants.
2
A=1000 mm and E=200 GPa for all the members
F0 δF1
δF2
member L, mm F0 δF1 δF2 F0 δF1 L F0 δF2 L (δF1 )2 L (δF2 )2 L δF1 δF2 L

ab 4000 -20 -.5 -.8 40000 64000 1000 2560 1000
bc 3000 15 -.375 -.6 -16875 -27000 422 1080 675
cd 3000 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
de 4000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ef 3000 15 .375 0 16875 0 422 0 0
fa 3000 30 0 -.6 0 -54000 0 1080 0
bf 5000 -25 .625 1 78125 -125000 1953 5000 3125
ac 5000 0 0 1 0 0 0 5000 0
cf 4000 20 .5 -.8 40000 -64000 1000 2560 -1000
ce 5000 -25 -.625 0 -78125 0 1953 0 0
 F δF L
0 1  80000  F δF L
0 2  206000
 (δF ) L1
2
 6750  (δF ) L
2
2
 17280  δF δF L
1 2  3800
F0δF1L 80000 F0δF2 L 206000
1,0     .4 mm  2,0     -1.03 mm
EA 200(1000) EA 200(1000)
(δF1 )2 L 6750 (δF2 )2 L 17280

δ11     0.03375 δ22     0.0864
EA 200(1000) EA 200(1000)
δFδF2L 3800
δ12  δ21   1
  0.019
EA 200(1000)
δF1 δF2
1,0  δ11 X1  δ12 X 2  0 X1   21.2 kN

 
 2,0  δ21 X1  δ22 X 2  0 X 2  16.58 kN
Knowing the value of X1 and X 2 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using
superposition.
member F0 δF1 δF2 F0 + X1 δF1 + X 2 δF2
ab -20 -.5 -.8 -22.67
bc 15 -.375 -.6 13.0
cd 30 0 0 30
de 0 0 0 0
ef 15 .375 0 7
fa 30 0 -.6 20
bf -25 .625 1 -21.67
ac 0 0 1 16.58
cf 20 .5 -.8 -3.86
ce -25 -.625 0 -11.75
Problem 10.1
Take E = 200 GPa and A  2000 mm2
1
(a) A1  A
2
AE (2000)200 kN
  94.28
L1 3 2(1000) mm
A1E (1000)200 kN
  66.67
L2 3(1000) mm
AE (2000)200 kN
  66.67
L3 6(1000) mm
AE AE
F(1)  cos45 u 2  sin45 v2  66.67u 2  66.67v2
L1 L1
A1E
F(2)  v2  66.67v2
L2
AE AE
F(3)  - cos30 u 2  sin30 v2  57.73u 2  33.33v2
L3 L3
1
F x 0  F(1) cos45  F(3) cos30  45  0
F y 0  F(1)sin45  F(2)  F(3)sin30  90  0

0.707 F(1)  0.86 F(3)  45
0.707 F(1)  F(2)  0.5 F(3)  90
0.707  66.67u 2  66.67v2   0.86  57.73u 2  33.33v2   45

0.707  66.67u 2  66.67v2   66.67v2  0.5  57.73u 2  33.33v2   90

96.78 u 2  18.47 v2  45 u 2  0.342 mm 
 
18.27 u 2  130.47 v2  90 v2  0.645 mm 
Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

F(1)  66.67u 2  66.67v2  65.8 kN
F(2)  66.67v2  43 kN
F(3)  57.73u 2  33.33v2  1.75 kN
2
(b) A1  2A
AE (2000)200 kN
  94.28
L1 3 2(1000) mm
A1E (4000)200 kN
  266.67
L2 3(1000) mm
AE (2000)200 kN
  66.67
L3 6(1000) mm
AE AE
F(1)  cos45 u 2  sin45 v2  66.67u 2  66.67v2
L1 L1
A1E
F(2)  v2  266.67v2
L2
AE AE
F(3)  - cos30 u 2  sin30 v2  57.73u 2  33.33v2
L3 L3
F x 0 0.707 F(1)  0.86 F(3)  45
F y 0 0.707 F(1)  F(2)  0.5 F(3)  90

96.78 u 2  18.47 v2  45 u 2  0.417 mm 
 
18.27 u 2  330.47 v2  90 v2  0.25 mm 
Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

F(1)  66.67u 2  66.67v2  44.47 kN
F(2)  266.67v2  66.67 kN
F(3)  57.73u 2  33.33v2  15.74 kN
3
(c) Results based on computer based analysis listed below
F(1)  65.62 kN
1  u 2  0.342 mm 
For A1  A F(2)  42.79 kN 
2  v2  0.642 mm 
F(3)  1.62 kN
90.00
o 45.00
FX 6.562E+01
3
2
1
FX 1.619E+00
FX 4.279E+01
F(1)  44.37 kN
 u 2  0.416 mm 
For A1  2A F(2)  66.48 kN 
 v2  0.249 mm 
F(3)  -15.73 kN
4
90.00
o 45.00
FX 4.438E+01
2
1
FX 6.648E+01 FX -1.573E+01
Problem 10.2
Take A=0.1 in 2 , A1 =0.4 in 2 , and E=29,000 ksi.
cosθ  0.6 sinθ  0.8
5
AE AE (0.1)29000 kip A1E (0.4)29000 kip
   9.67   96.67
L1 L3 25(12) in L2 10(12) in
(a) The loading shown
AE AE
F(1)  cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2
L1 L1
A1E
F(2)   v2  96.67 v2
L2
AE AE
F(3)  - cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2
L3 L3
F x 0  0.6 F(1)  0.6 F(3)  6  0
F y 0  0.8 F(1)  F(2)  0.8 F(3)  10  0

6.96 u 2  6 u 2  0.862 in 
 
109 v2  10 v2  0.092 in 
Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine the member forces

F(1)  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2  5.7 kip
F(2)  96.67 v2   8.89 kip
F(3)  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2   4.3 kip
1 1
(b) Support #1 moves as follows: u  inch  and v  inch 
8 2
6
AE AE
F(1)  cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2
L1 L1
A1E 1 1
F(2)   (v2  )  96.67 (v2  )
L2 2 2
AE AE
F(3)  - cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2
L3 L3
F x 0 F(1)  F(3)  u2  0
F y 0 0.8 (F(1)  F(3) )  F(2)  0
1
0.8 (15.48 v2 )  96.67 (v2  )  0  v2  0.443 in 
2
F(1)  F(3)  3.4 kip


F(2)  5.5 kip
For the following beams and frames defined in Problems 10.3- 10.18, determine the
member end moments using the slope-deflection equations.
Problem 10.3
Assume E=29,000 ksi, I  200 in 4 , L  30 ft ,  C  .6 in  and w  1.2 kip/ft .
7
EI EI
Let k member AB   2k k member BC  k
L 2L
B  A
ρ AB  0
L
  B 0.6 1
ρ BC  C  
2L 60(12) 1200
EI 29000(200) 1
k   671.3 kip-ft
2L 2(30) (144)
The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  4k  θ   90
B
M BA  4k 2θ   90
B
   
M BC  2k 2θ B - 3( C B )   2k 2θ B - 3ρ BC 
 2L 
   
M CB  2k θ B - 3( C B )   2k θ B - 3ρ BC 
 2L 
Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

M BA  M BC  0

8kθ B  90  2k 2θ B - 3ρ BC   0

12kθ B  6k ρ BC  90

1
90  6(671.3)( )
θB  1200  0.01076 rad counterclockwise
12(671.3)
8
The corresponding end moments are:
M AB  4(671.3)  0.01076  90  118.89 kip-ft
M BA  4(671.3) 2(0.01076)   90  32.21 kip-ft
 1 
M BC  2(671.3) 2(0.01076) - 3(- )   32.25 kip-ft
 1200 
 1 
M CB  2(671.3) 0.01076 - 3(- )   17.80 kip-ft
 1200 
Problem 10.4
Assume E= 200 GPa, I2  80(10)6 mm4 and L2  6 m .
EI2 EI2
(a) Let k member AB  k k member BC  k
L2 L2
22(6)2 22(6)2
M F
AB   66 kN-m M F
BA  66 kN-m
12 12
45(6) 45(6)
M FBC   33.75 kN-m F
M CB   33.75 kN-m
8 8
M AB  2k θ B  66
M BA  4k θ B  66
M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75
MBA  MBC  0 4k θB  66  4k θB  33.75  0  k θB  4.03
9
M AB  2k θ B  66  74.06 kN-m
M BA  4k θ B  66  -49.9 kN-m
M BC  4k θ B  33.75  49.9 kN-m

M CB  2k θ B  33.75  25.7 kN-m
E(2I2 ) EI 2
(b) Let k member AB   2k k member BC  k
L2 L2
M AB  4k θ B  66
M BA  8k θ B  66
M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75
MBA  MBC  0 8k θB  66  4k θB  33.75  0  k θ B  2.68

M AB  4k θ B  66  76.7 kN-m
M BA  8k θ B  66  44.5 kN-m
10
M BC  4k θ B  33.75  44.5 kN-m
M CB  2k θ B  33.75  28.4 kN-m
E(2I2 ) EI2
(c) Let k member AB  k k member BC  k
(2L2 ) L2
22(12)2 22(12)2
M FAB   264 kN-m F
M BA   264 kN-m
12 12
45(6) 45(6)
M FBC   33.75 kN-m F
M CB   33.75 kN-m
8 8
M AB  2k θ B  264
M BA  4k θ B  264
M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75
MBA  MBC  0 4k θB  264  4k θB  33.75  0  k θ B  28.78
M AB  2k θ B  264  321.5 kN-m

M BA  4k θ B  264  -148.9 kN-m
M BC  4k θ B  33.75  148.9 kN-m

M CB  2k θ B  33.75  23.8 kN-m
11
Problem 10.5
E=29,000 ksi and I  300 in 4 , L=20 ft
EI
Let k member AB  k member BC  k
L
1.5(20)2 1.5(20)2
M FAB   50 kip-ft F
M BA   50 kip-ft
12 12
10(20) 10(20)
M FBC   25 kip-ft F
M CB   25 kip-ft
8 8
M AB  2k θ B  50
M BA  4k θ B  50
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  25
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  25
Enforce moment equilibrium at nodes B and C:
MCB  25  0 2k (θ B  2θC )  25  25  0  2θ C  θ B
M BA  M BC  0 4k θ B  50  2k (2θ B  θ C )  25  0  8k θ B  2kθ C  25
25 25
 k θB  k θC  
7 14

M AB  2k θ B  50  57.1 kip-ft
M BA  4k θ B  50  35.7 kip-ft
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  25  35.7 kip-ft
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  25  25 kip-ft
12
Problem 10.6
E= 200 GPa, I  80(10)6 mm4 , P=45kN, h =3 m and L  9 m .

M AB  0
3EI
M BAmodified  θB 
L
M CB  0
3EI
M BCmodified  θB 
L
M BAmodified  M BCmodified  135


6EI
θ B   135
L

EI
θ B  22.5
L
M BA =67.5 kN-m counterclockwise

M BC =67.5 kN-m counterclockwise
13
Problem 10.7
E=29,000 ksi, I  200 in 4 , L  18 ft , and w  1.2 k/ft .
Because of symmetry θA  θD and θB  θC

EI
Let k 
L
EI EI
k member BC   0.5 k k member AB  k member CD  k
2L L

M AB  0
M BAmodified  M BA modified  3k θB 
M BC  k 2θ B  θC   M BC
F
 k 2θ B  θ B   129.6  k θ B  129.6
M CB   M BC
14
M BAmodified  M BC  0

4kθ B  129.6  0

kθ B  32.4
M BA  3k θ B  97.2  M BA  97.2 kip-ft clockwise

M BC  k θ B  129.6  97.2 kip-ft counterclockwise
Because of symmetry
MCB   M BC  97.2 kip-ft clockwise
MCD  M BA  97.2 kip-ft counterclockwise
Problem 10.8
Assume E= 200 GPa and I  80(10)6 mm4
EI EI
Let k member AB  k member CD   1.5k k member BC  k
12 18
30(12) 2 30(12) 2
M BA   216 kN-m
30 20
45(18) 45(18)
M FBC   101.25 kN-m M CBF
  101.25 kN-m
8 8
30(12) 2 30(12) 2
F
M CD   216 kN-m M FDC    144 kN-m
20 30
Because of symmetry θB  θC , MBC  MCB
15
M AB  M DC  2(1.5k) θ B  144
M BA  M CD  4(1.5k) θ B  216
MBC  MCB  2k (2θB  θC )  101.25  2k θB  101.25
Enforce moment equilibrium at either node B or C:
MBA  MBC  0 4(1.5k) θB  216  2k θB  101.25  0 k θ B  14.34

M AB  M DC  2(1.5k) θ B  144  187 kN-m
M BA  M CD  4(1.5k) θ B  216  129.9 kN-m
M BC  M CB  2k θ B  101.25  129.9 kN-m
Problem 10.9
E=29,000 ksi, I  400 in 4 .
EI 3 EI EI 5
Let k member AB  ( )  k k member BC  k k member CD  ( )  k
20 2 30 18 3
16
M AB  0
M BA modified  3( k) θ B   75
3
2
M BC  2k 2θ B  θC   90
M CB  2k θ  2θ   90
B C
2( k) 2θ   36
5
M CD  C
3
M DC  2( k) θ C   36
5
3
M BA  M BC  0
M CB  M CD  0
3( k) θ B   75  2k 2θ B  θ C   90  0
3
2
2k θ B  2θ C   90  2( k) 2θ C   36  0
5
3

8.5k θ B  2k θ C   15
2k θ B  10.667k θ C   54

k θB  3.08 k θC   5.64

M AB  0
M BA  3( k) θ B   75   88.9 kip-ft
3
2
M BC  2k 2θ B  θC   90  88.9 kip-ft
M CB  2k θ  2θ   90   73.6 kip-ft
B C
2( k) 2θ   36  73.6 kip-ft

5
M CD  C
3
M DC  2( k) θ C   36   17.2 kip-ft
5
3
17
Problem 10.10
Assume E= 200 GPa, and I  100(10)6 mm4 .
EI
Let k member AB  k member BC  k
L
90(6)(3) 2 90(6) 2 (3)

M BA   120 kN-m
92 92
30(9) 2 10(20)
M FBC   202.5 kN-m F
M CB   202.5 kN-m
12 8
M AB  2k θ B  60
M BA  4k θ B  120
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5
MCB  135  0 2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5  135  0  k (θ B  2θ C )  33.75

M BA  M BC  0 4k θ B  120  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5  0  8k θ B  2kθ C  82.5
 k θB  16.6 k θC  25.18
M AB  2k θ B  60  126.8 kN-m
M BA  4k θ B  120  186.4 kN-m
18
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5  186.4 kN-m
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5  135 kN-m
Problem 10.11
Assume E  29,000ksi and I  100 in 4 .
E(4I) EI EI
Let k AB  k BC  )   2k k BD modified  k
20 5 10
The modified slope-deflection equations take the form:
M BA modified  M BC modified  3(2k) θB

M BD modified  3(k) θB

M BA modified  M BC modified  M BD modified  12  0

3(2k) θ B  3(2k) θ B  3(k) θ B  12

k θ B  0.8
M BA modified  M BC modified  3(2k) θ B  4.8 kip-ft

M BD modified  3(k) θ B  2.4 kip-ft
19
Problem 10.12
Assume E  200 GPa , Ic  120(10)6 mm4 , L  8 m , h  4 m and P=50 kN.
(a) Ib  Ic
(b) Ib  1.5Ic
20
21
(a) Ib  Ic  120(10)6 mm4 Ic  120(10)6 mm4
θA 
M AD 
θB 
M AB 
B 
(b) Ic  120(10)6 mm4 , Ib  1.5Ic  180(10)6 mm4
22
Problem 10.13
For no axial deformation, bending moment is zero throughout the structure.
Problem 10.14
Assume E  200 GPa , and I  80(10)6 mm4 .
23
24
Problem 10.15
I  600 in 4
A  6 in 2
E  29, 000 k/in 2
25
Problem 10.16
Neglecting axial deformation.
HC  HD  22.5 , θ A  θC
EI E(2I)
k AC   2k k BC  k
6 24
M CA  4k (θ A  3 )
M AC  4k (2θ A  3 )
MAB  2k (2θA  θC )  6k θA
M AB  M BA  50.6 kN-m
M AC  M BD  50.6 kN-m
MCA  MDB  84.4 kN-m
26
Problem 10.17
For no axial deformation, bending moment is zero throughout the structure.
Problem 10.18
27
28
Problem 10.19
29
Deflection profile
Moment Diagram
For the following beams and frames defined in Problems 10.20- 10.34, determine the
member end moments using moment distribution.
Problem 10.20
E = 29,000 ksi, I = 300 in 4
30
2(45) 2
M F
  135 kip-ft 10(60) 1.0(45) 2
AB
30 M F BC   75 kip-ft M FCD   168.75 kip-ft
8 12
2(45) 2
   202.5 kip-ft M CB   75 kip-ft   168.75 kip-ft
F
M F BA M F DC
20
DFDC  DFAB  0
 I I I 7I
  ( )( ) 
 L 45 60 180
 I
 4
At joints B or C DFBA  DFCD  45 
 7 I 7
 180
 4 3
DFCB  DFBC  1- 
 7 7
Case(a):
31
Case (b):
6EIδB 6(29000)(300)(.5)
M F AB set.  M F BA set.    7.45 kip-ft
L2 (45) 2 (12)3
6(29000)(300)(.5)
M F BC set.  M FCB set.   4.19 kip-ft
(60) 2 (12)3
32
Case (c):
Moment diagram-loading kip-ft
Moment diagram –settlement kip-ft
Moment diagram -( loading + settlement) kip-ft
33
Problem 10.21
Check your results with Computer analysis. Assume E  200 GPa , and I  75(10)6 mm4 .
34
Shear diagram
Moment diagram
Problem 10.22
Assume EI constant.
(a)
35
(b)
36
Problem 10.23
Determine the bending moment distribution. Assume EI is constant.
37
Problem 10.24
Determine the bending moment distribution. Assume I1  1.4I2 .
38
Problem 10.25
Determine the bending moment distribution.
39
Problem 10.26
Solve for the bending moments. δB  .4 in  ,E=29,000 ksi and I  240 in 4 .
40
Problem 10.27
Determine the bending moment distribution and the deflected shape. E=29,000 ksi
(a) Take I1  I2  1000 in 4
41
Moment diagram
Deflected shape
(b) Take I2  1.5 I1 . Use Computer analysis.
42
Moment diagram
Deflected shape
Case (a) has larger moment and deflection compare to case(b).
43
Problem 10.28
Determine the axial, shear, and bending moment distributions. Take Ig =2Ic
Axial Force
44
Shear diagram
Moment Diagram (kN-m)
Problem 10.29
Determine the member forces and the reactions.
a) Consider only the uniform load shown
b) Consider only the support settlement of joint D ( δ D = .5 in↓)
c) Consider only the temperature increase of ΔT  80/0 F for member BC.
E = 29,000 ksi, IAB  ICD  100 in 4 , IBC  400 in 4 , α = 6.5x10-6 / 0 F
45
(a)
(b)
46
(c)
Problem 10.30
Determine the bending moment distribution for the following loadings. Take Ig  5Ic .
(a)
47
Moment diagram (kN-m)
(b) Symmetrical loading- no sway
48
(c) Symmetrical loading- no sway
Moment diagram (kN-m

(d)
49
Problem 10.31
Solve for the bending moments.
50
Moment diagram
Problem 10.32
Determine the bending moment distribution.
51
Moment diagram (kip-ft)
Problem 10.33
Solve for the bending moments.
Symmetrical loading- no sway
52
Moment diagram
Problem 10.34
For the frame shown, determine the end moments and the reactions. Assume E  200 GPa , and
I  40(10)6 mm4 .
M F AB  0
24(6) 2
M F BA    108 kN-m
8
 I 3 4I 3 4I 3 I 5I
  ( ) ( ) ( ) 
 L 4 6 4 6 4 3 4
 I
Joint B 
DF  DF  2  0.4 DFDB  .2
 BA CB
5I
 4
53
Problem 10.35
Determine analytic expression for the rotation and end moments at B. Take I  1000 in 4 , A=20
in 2 for all members, and α =1.0, 2.0, 5.0. Is there a upper limit for the end moment, M BD ?
54
M BD is independent of α. MBD  240 kip-ft
55
EI αI E Δ
k AB  k BC  k k BD   αk 
20 20 20
M BA modified  3(k) θ B
M BC modified  3(k) θ B
M BD modified  3(αk) θ B  3(αk)
MBA modified  3(k) θB  180 k θB  60

joint B
M0
- 3(αk) θ B  3(αk)  6(k) θ B  120  0
80  60α
MBD modified  3(α)(-60)  3(αk)  240 k 
α
EI 29000(1000) 1
k   10069.4 k-ft
20 20 (12)2
56
3.33 in for α  1.0
(80  60α)(20)12 
Δ  L   2.38 in for α  2.0
αk 1.81 in
 for α  5.0
Problem 10.36
Compare the end moments and horizontal displacement at A for the rigid frames shown below.
Check your results for parts (c) and (d) with a computer based analysis. Take E  200 GPa , and
I  120(10)6 mm4 . A=10000 mm2 for all members.
Case (a)
57
Moment diagram kN-m
Case (b)
Moment diagram kN-m
Case (c)
58
Moment diagram kN-m
Case (d)
59
Moment diagram kN-m
60
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Problem 7.

P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(200)  1.6(250)  640 kN

4Lreq 3  138Lreq  288  0 L  6.72 ft

P D+L  1000  1400  2400 kN

P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(1000)  1.6(1400)  3440 kN

(b)A rectangular footing with L2 = 2.5 m.

180L12  220L1  576  0  L1  2.5 m

180 L12  220 L1  1236  0  L1  3.3 m

M net  M  M overturning  257 kN-m

W1 = .15 (2) (12)  3.6 kip

The normal and horizontal forces are

Next we compute the factors of safety.

M Bresisting  W1 (8)+W2 (2.67)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (11)

F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  8.27 kip

W1  .15 (1) (20.5)  3.075

M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  66.85 kip-ft

Fmax   N  .5 (30) = 15 kips

M Bresisting  W1 (4.5)+W2 (3.83)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (9)

M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  143.84 kip-ft

W1  .15 (3) (14)  6.3

Fmax 4.1  1.54(b1 +b 2 )

M Bresisting 106.4  3.9b1

F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  9.68  7.33 ws  2.88  6.88  7.33 ws

W1  .15 (2) (20)  6 kip

Fmax   N  .57 (28.2) = 16 kip

M Bresisting  W1 (6)+W2 (7)+W3 (10.5)+W4 (2.5)+Pp (1.33) 

M net  M  Moverturning 99.8  248.6  (71  80.6 ws )

The answer is case (a).

W1  (1.5)(13)(3)(.15)  2.925 kip

Take E=29,000 ksi and I= 200 in 4 .

 17 wL4 17(2)(30) 4 (12)3

  B,0  R B δBB  12 mm

The deflection terms are given in Chapter 3

(ii) The support settlement at B

(a) Determine the horizontal reaction at B due to the concentrated load.

(c) Specialize (b) for a uniform loading, w( x)  w0 .

Mmax  0 (no bending moment)

A  30 in 2 I  1000 in 4 E  29,000 ksi

Mmax  0 (no bending moment)

Mmax  43.3 kip-ft

 HD  HD1  HD2  1  2.33  1.33 kip 

0.0676(10)6 for h  2m 0.00263(10) 6 for h  2m

See equation (9.51) and Figure 9.49

208 kip-ft for h  10ft

166.6 kip-ft for h  10ft

Take I1  1000 in 4 , I2  2000 in 4 , E=29,000 ksi and A=20 in 2 all members

1,0   etemp δF  0.889

member L, mm F0 δF1 δF2 F0 δF1 L F0 δF2 L (δF1 )2 L (δF2 )2 L δF1 δF2 L

(δF1 )2 L 6750 (δF2 )2 L 17280

1,0  δ11 X1  δ12 X 2  0 X1   21.2 kN

Member forces are listed below.

F y 0  F(1)sin45  F(2)  F(3)sin30  90  0

0.707  66.67u 2  66.67v2   0.86  57.73u 2  33.33v2   45

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

F x 0 0.707 F(1)  0.86 F(3)  45

F y 0 0.707 F(1)  F(2)  0.5 F(3)  90

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

cosθ  0.6 sinθ  0.8

(a) The loading shown

F x 0  0.6 F(1)  0.6 F(3)  6  0

F y 0  0.8 F(1)  F(2)  0.8 F(3)  10  0

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine the member forces

F y 0 0.8 (F(1)  F(3) )  F(2)  0