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WoodPoleCode Overview PDF
WoodPoleCode Overview PDF
Standards
President
. (678) 850-1461
nbingel@nelsonresearch.net
1
Benefits of Wood as a Utility Pole Material
• Long-Life Span
• ~45 years national average without remedial treatment
• Lowest cost
• Both initial and full life-cycle costs
• Proven Performance
• “Go to” overhead line construction material since the
early 1900’s
• Climb-ability
• Ability to service attachments without heavy equipment
2
Benefits of Wood as a Utility Pole Material
• “Green”
• a treated wood pole has a reduced environmental impact when
compared to other utility pole materials.
• A renewable and plentiful resource
“10 Features Often Overlooked About the Extraordinary Wood Pole.” North American Wood Pole Council. www.woodpoles.org
3
ANSI
4 4
ANSI
5 5
ASC O5 Committee
USERS
PRODUCERS
GENERAL INTEREST
6 6
National Wood Pole Standards
ASC O5 NESC
Accredited Standards
Committee O5:
Standards for Wood
Utility Structures
• Secretariat: AWPA
• Founded in 1924
7 7
ASC O5 Standards http://asco5.org/standards/
O5.6 - 2010 Solid Sawn Naturally Durable Hardwood Crossarms & Braces
8 8
http://asco5.org/
9 9
http://asco5.org/standards/
10 10
Scope
Simple Cantilever
Transverse
Single Pole
Groundline
11
Maximum Stress Point
Solid, Round, Tapered, Cantilever
Load
(Wind Force on Wires, Equip., etc.)
12 12
ANSI O5.1 – Wood Poles
Wood
Quality
13 13
Wood Quality
• Allowable knots
14 14
Wood Quality
• Sweep
15 15
Wood Quality
• Growth Rings
16 16
Pole Marking & Code Letters
17 17
Pole Marking & Code Letters
18 18
Transverse Wind Loads
Ice
19 19
Class Loads
Horizontal
2 ft Class Load (lb)
Lc 10 370
9 740
7 1,200
6 1,500
5 1,900
4 2,400
3 3,000
2 3,700
1 4,500
H1 5,400
H2 6,400
H3 7,500
H4 8,700
H5 10,000
H6 11,400
20 20
Class Loads
Horizontal
2 ft Class Load (lb)
Lc 10 370
9 740 Telco
7 1,200
6 1,500
5 1,900
4 2,400
Distribution
3 3,000
2 3,700
1 4,500
H1 5,400
H2 6,400
H3 7,500 Transmission
H4 8,700
H5 10,000
H6 11,400
21 21
Strengths are Average Values
22 22
Pole Populations
P
Steel Poles
Wood Poles
23 23
Applied Bending Load
2 ft
Lc
24 24
L x D = Bending Moment (ft-lb)
50 ft Class 4
40 ft Class 4 2400 lb
2400 lb
41 ft
32 ft
25 25
Fiber Strength
Lc
Bending Capacity =
k x fiber strength x C3 (ft-lb)
37,120 ft-lb
83,010 ft-lb
27 27
Circumference3 Effect
28 28
Table 1 – Designated Fiber Strength
Group A
Air Seasoning
Group B
Boulton Drying
Group C
Steam Conditioning
Group D
Kiln Drying
29 29
Table 1 – Designated Fiber Strength
30 30
Pole Species
Distribution:
Douglas fir
Distribution:
Southern Yellow Pine
Transmission
Douglas fir
Western red cedar
Transmission:
Douglas fir
Western red cedar
Southern Pine
31 31
Table 1 – Designated Fiber Strength
1) The effects of conditioning on fiber strength have been accounted for in the Table 1
values provided that conditioning was performed within the limits herein prescribed.
4) The designated fiber strength represents a mean, groundline, fiber strength value
with a coefficient of variation equal to 0.20.
32 32
Through-boring
33
Oregon State University
-Through-Boring Project-
34 34
35
36 36
Through-boring
37 37
Table 1 – Designated Fiber Strength
1) The effects of conditioning on fiber strength have been accounted for in the Table 1
values provided that conditioning was performed within the limits herein prescribed.
4) The designated fiber strength represents a mean, groundline, fiber strength value
with a coefficient of variation equal to 0.20.
38 38
2017 Table 1 to add MOE
39
2017 Table 1 to add MOE
40
2017 Table 1 to add MOE
1) The fiber strength and MOE values in Table 1 apply to wood utility poles meeting this
standard. The effects of conditioning on fiber strength and MOE have been accounted for
………….
41
Circumference Dimensions
6ft
G/L TIP
Bending Capacity =
k x fiber strength x C3 (ft-lb)
42 42
Circumference Dimension Tables
1) The figures in this column are not recommended embedment depths; rather,
these values are intended for use only when a definition of groundline is necessary
in order to apply requirements relating to scars, straightness, etc.
43 43
Annex B: Groundline Stresses
44 44
Annex B: Groundline Stresses
Can support the class horizontal load applied 2 ft from the tip
45 45
Pole Dimension Table
Southern Pine and Douglas Fir
(in)
46
Pole Dimension Table
Applied Bending Load=
Southern Pine and Douglas
Class Fir
Load x Distance
2,400 lbs x 32 ft =
76,800 ft-lbs
(in)
47
Pole Dimension Table
Applied Bending Load=
Southern Pine and Douglas
Class Fir
Load x Distance
2,400 lbs x 32 ft =
76,800 ft-lbs
(in)
Bending Capacity =
k x fiber strength x C3
48
40 ft Class 4 Poles
2400 lb
33 1/2” 36 1/2”
49 49
Annex B: Groundline Stresses
Note 7
50 50
ANSI O5.1 Summary
2 ft
Lc
All Species
Same Length & Class
Similar Load Capacity
Bending
Capacity = k x fiber strength x C3 (ft-lb)
51 51
Fiber Strength Values
1965 Publication
Fiber Strength
Derivation
52 52
FPL 39 Table 4
Final Adopted Fiber Strengths
53 53
FPL 39 Table 4
Final Adopted Fiber Strengths
54 54
Annex C Data < 50 ft
55 55
Annex C Data – 50 ft +
56 56
Full Scale Break Tests
16000
14000
12000 ASTM
MORGL (psi)
10000
8000 EPRI
6000
4000
Mean = 8380 psi
2000 L5 = 6401 psi Mean = 6630 psi
L5 = 4825 psi
0
15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
Groundline Circumference (GC) (in)
57 57
Full Scale Break Tests
16000
14000 No Change
12000 ASTM
to
MORGL (psi)
10000
8000
6000
Previous Fiber Strengths
EPRI
4000
Mean = 8380 psi
2000 L5 = 6401 psi Mean = 6630 psi
L5 = 4825 psi
0
15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
Groundline Circumference (GC) (in)
58 58
Annex A
Fiber Stress Height Effect
59 59
Annex A
Fiber Stress Height Effect
60 60
Actual Pole Dimensions
?
? ?
??
? ?
?? WA ?
?
? ? MT ME
ND
? OR MN
?
? ID
VT NH
? WI MI
SD
? NY MA
RI
WY CT
?
IA PA NJ
NE
NV OH
UT IL IN MCD DE
D
CA CO WV
KS MO VA
KY
NC
TN
AZ
NM
OK
AR ?
??SC
??
? GA
??
MS ? AL
??
??
TX
? LA ?
? Sample Locations
FL ? Coastal Douglas Fir (8)
61 61
Pole Circumference Data
63 63
ASC O5 Standards http://asco5.org/standards/
O5.6 - 2010 Solid Sawn Naturally Durable Hardwood Crossarms & Braces
64 64
National Wood Pole Standards
ASC O5 NESC
Accredited Standards
Committee O5:
Standards for Wood
Utility Structures
• Secretariat: AWPA
• Founded in 1924
65 65
National Overhead Line Standard
NESC
ANSI C2:
National Electrical
Safety Code
• Secretariat: IEEE
(Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers)
• Established in 1915
66
NESC Committee Structure
Chairman Secretary
Technical
Subcommittees SC 1 – Coordination; Sections 1,2,3
SC 2 – Grounding
SC 3 – Substations
SC 4 – Overhead Lines – Clearances
SC 5 – Overhead Lines – Strength & Loading
SC 7 – Underground Lines
SC 8 – Work Rules
6767
Purpose of the NESC
68
Purpose of the NESC
69
NESC Committee Structure
Chairman Secretary
Technical
Subcommittees SC 1 – Coordination; Sections 1,2,3
SC 2 – Grounding
SC 3 – Substations
SC 4 – Overhead Lines – Clearances
SC 5 – Overhead Lines – Strength & Loading
SC 7 – Underground Lines
SC 8 – Work Rules
7070
Overhead Lines Subcommittee 5
• Rule 250C:
Extreme wind Loading
• Rule 250D:
Extreme Ice with concurrent
wind loading
71
Overhead Lines Subcommittee 5
• Rule 250C:
Section 27
Insulators
Extreme wind Loading
72
Section 24: Grades of Construction
73 73
Section 25 – Loadings for Grade B & C
TRANSVERSE
V
E
R
T
I
C
A
L
74 74
Transverse Loading Usually Governs
75
Calculating Transverse Loads
Wire Tension
76
76
Section 25: Loading for Grade B & C
77 77
NESC District Loading
Winter Storm
½” Ice – 40 mph
¼” Ice – 40 mph
40 mph = 4 lbs/sqft
0” Ice – 60 mph
60 mph = 9 lbs/sqft
78
78
Medium Loading District
40 mph
¼” Ice
79
Wind Load Increase per Wire Sizes
+100% +200%
80 80
Wind Load Increase With 0.25” Radial Ice
8181
District Loads vs Wire Size
9
6
NESC-L
5
RELATIVE LOAD
No ICE
4 NESC-M
3
1/4” ICE
NESC-H
2 1/2” ICE
1
0
4ACSR 1/0 336 556
CONDUCTOR (SMALLEST TO LARGEST)
82 82
Section 25: Loading for Grade B & C
83 83
Extreme Wind– Rule 250C
(60 ft. Exclusion)
Summer Storm
Winter Storm
Radial
Ice
0”
0.25”
0.5” Wind Speeds
0.75” 30 mph
1.0” 40 mph
50 mph
60 mph 85 85
Section 25: Loading for Grade B & C
86 86
Section 25 Load Cases
87
Load
Strength
Strength Load
Pole Strength x SF > Storm Load x LF (B)
Pole Strength x SF > Storm Load x LF (C)
Alternate Method
Pole Strength
> Storm Load x 4 (B)
Pole Strength > Storm Load x 2 (C)
88
Section 25: Table 253.1-Load Factors
Transverse Loads
(wind) 2.50 2.20 1.75
Longitudinal
Loads 1.10 No Req. No Req.
250C
loads
1.00 1.00 1.00
89
Section 26: Strength Factors
90
90
Load
Strength
Strength Load
Pole Strength x SF > Storm Load x LF (B)
Pole Strength x SF > Storm Load x LF (C)
Alternate Method
Pole Strength
> Storm Load x 4 (B)
Pole Strength > Storm Load x 2 (C)
91
Load
Strength
Strength Load
Pole Strength x .65 > Storm Load x 2.5 (B)
Pole Strength x .85 > Storm Load x 1.75 (C)
Alternate Method
Pole Strength
> Storm Load
3.85 x 4 (B)
Pole Strength > Storm Load
2.06 x 2 (C)
92
Section 24: Grades of Construction
93 93
94
900 lb
Equate the
Total Storm Load
to a
Single Horizontal Load
applied
2 feet from the tip.
95
Load < Strength
96
Load < Strength
97
IEEE Online Courses – MOOC’s
http://standards.ieee.org/about/nesc/
98
Technical Subcommittees
99
Online Courses – MOOC’s
10
100
NESC Mobile App
Released !!!!
• Mobile device or tablet
• iOS, Android, Windows
• Enhanced features
– Instant access to formulas, equations
and calculations with context
– Quick look-up of terms
– Quick access to sections
http://standards.ieee.org/about/nesc/mobile_app.html
101
NESC Mobile App
102
NESC Mobile App
103
National Wood Pole
Standards
President
. (678) 850-1461
nbingel@nelsonresearch.net
104