Nama; ari Wardana

Nrp: 10511700000089

Termodinamika chapter 6-24

6-24 The projected power needs of the United States is to be met by building inexpensive but
inefficient
coal plants or by building expensive but efficient IGCC plants. The price of coal that will enable
the IGCC
plants to recover their cost difference from fuel savings in 5 years is to be determined.

Assumptions 1 Power is generated continuously by

either plant at full capacity. 2 The time value of money
(interest, inflation, etc.) is not considered.

Properties The heating value of the coal is given to be 28 𝑥 106 kJ/ton.

Analysis For a power generation capacity of 150,000

MW, the construction costs of coal and IGCC plants and
their difference are

construction cost coal = (150.000.000 kW)($1300/kw)= $195 𝑥 109

construction cost IGCC= (150.000.000 kW)($1500/kw)=$225 𝑥 109
construction cost difference= $225 𝑥 109 − $195 𝑥 109 =$30𝑥 109
the amount of electricity produced by either plant in 5 years is.
We= W∆t=(150.00.00 kW)(5 x 365 x 24 h) =6.570 𝑥 109
The amount of fuel needed to generate a specified amount of power can be determined from.
𝑊𝑒 𝑊𝑒 𝑄𝑖𝑛 𝑊𝑒
ղ = 𝑄𝑖𝑛 => Qin = or m flue = 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 =𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
ղ
then the amount of coal needed to generate thuis much electricity by each plant and their
difference are
𝑊𝑒 6.570 𝑥 1012 𝑘𝑤ℎ 3600𝑗
m coal, coal plant = 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 = (0.34)(28𝑥106 𝑘𝐽/𝑡𝑜𝑛) ( 1𝑘𝑊ℎ ) =2.484𝑥109 tons
𝑊𝑒 6.570 𝑥 1012 𝑘𝑤ℎ 3600𝑗
m coal, IGCC plant =𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 =(0.45)(28𝑥106 𝑘𝐽/𝑡𝑜𝑛) ( 1𝑘𝑊ℎ ) = 1.877 𝑥 109 tons
∆m coal = m coal, coal plant – m coal,IGCC, plant = 2.484𝑥109 - 1.877𝑥109 = = 0.607𝑥109 tons
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 $30𝑥109
Unit cost of coal = = = $49.4/ton
∆mcoal 0.607𝑥109 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠