Programming R

Zulhanif, M.Sc
 Scope
• Kondisi
• Looping
• Function
 Kondisi
• Comparison operators: == (equal), != (not
equal), >= (greater than or equal), etc.
Logical operators: &(and) ,| (or), !(not)
• If Statement
Syntax
if (cond1=true) { cmd1 } else { cmd2 }
Example
if (1==0) { print(1) } else { print(2) }
• Ifelse Statement

Syntax
ifelse(test, true_value, false_value)

Example
x = 1:10
ifelse(x<5 | x>8, x, 0)
 Latihan
• Buatlah program untuk mencari nilai
maksimum dari 2 bilangan sbb: 1 dan 2
• Buatlah program untuk mencari nilai
maksimum dari 3 bilangan sbb: 1,2 dan 3
• Pergunakan Kondisi IF dari kedua soal
diatas
x1=c(1,2)
if (x1[1]>x1[2]){print(x[1])}else
{print(x1[2])}
x1=c(1,2,3)
if ((x1[1]>x1[2])&(x1[1]>x1[3])){print(x1[1])}
if ((x1[2]>x1[1])&(x1[2]>x1[3])){print(x1[2])}
if ((x1[3]>x1[1])&(x1[3]>x1[2])){print(x1[3])}
x1=c(1,2,3)
if ((x1[1]>x1[2])&(x1[1]>x1[3]))
{print(x1[1])}else
if((x1[2]>x1[1])&(x1[2]>x1[3])){print(x1[2])}else
{print(x1[3])}
 Loops
• For
Syntax
for(variable in sequence) {
statements
}
Example
for (i in 1:10){ print(1)}
 While Loops
• while(condition) statements
Syntax
while(condition) statements

Example
z <- 0
while(z<5) {
z <- z+2
print(z)
}
 Define Vector
• X=rep(0,k) #k=banyaknya elemen
 Latihan
• Pergunakan fungsi loop dan if untuk
mencari nilai maksimum untuk masing-
masing baris dari suatu data frame sbb:
X1 X2 X2
2 4 5
5 6 2
1 2 3

X1 X2 X2 Max
2 4 5 5
5 6 2 6
1 2 3 3
x1=c(2,5,1)
x2=c(4,6,2)
x3=c(5,2,3)
max=c(0,0,0)
y=cbind(x1,x2,x3,max)
for (i in 1:3)
{
if ((y[i,1]>y[i,2])&(y[i,1]>y[i,3]))
{
y[i,4]=y[i,1]
}
if ((y[i,2]>y[i,1])&(y[i,2]>y[i,3]))
{
y[i,4]=y[i,2]
}
if ((y[i,3]>y[i,1])&(y[i,3]>y[i,2]))
{
y[i,4]=y[i,3]
}
}
 Latihan
A B C A B C Kat
0.8 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 A
0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 B
0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 B
0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 B
0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.7 C
0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 B
0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 A
0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 C
0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.7 C
A=c(0.8,0.4,0.3,0.2,0.1,0.4,0.5,0.2,0.1)
B=c(0.1,0.5,0.5,0.6,0.2,0.5,0.1,0.2,0.2)
C=c(0.1,0.1,0.2,0.2,0.7,0.1,0.4,0.6,0.7)
kat=c(rep(0,9))
y=cbind(A,B,C,kat)
for (i in 1:9)
{
if ((y[i,1]>y[i,2])&(y[i,1]>y[i,3]))
{
y[i,4]="A"
}
if ((y[i,2]>y[i,1])&(y[i,2]>y[i,3]))
{
y[i,4]="B"
}
if ((y[i,3]>y[i,1])&(y[i,3]>y[i,2]))
{
y[i,4]="C"
}
}
y=as.data.frame(y)
 Function
• Syntax
myfct <- function(arg1, arg2, ...) {
function_body }
 Latihan 1
• Buatlah fungsi faktorial
• Buatlah fungsi kombinasi
• Buatlah fungsi untuk menampilakn rata-
rata, varians, dan median secara
sekaligus
• Buatlah fungsi untuk menghitung rata-rata
ukur
 Tugas

• Buatlah fungsi untuk menghitung deret

sbb:

• Buatlah fungsi untuk menghitung rumus

sbb: