Digester

Amount of lignin that do not dissolve

The amount of lignin that remains

in the pulp can be determined approximately by multiplying the kappa number by the factor
0.165 [Uhlmann, 1991] i.e. a kappa number of 30 relates to about 4.95% residual lignin.

Table 2.1: Kappa numbers currently achieved after different technologies used

Pulp and Paper Industry, page 20

Our statement: Based on the table, Conventional cooking and Oxygen Delignification (because we use
NaOH to delignify) of softwood – we assume that the kappa number is 20. Therefore, amount of lignin
that remain is 0.165*20=3.3%.

Losses in Bleaching tower

The yield drop in peroxide bleaching (symbolic shorthand: P) is approximately 2%, mainly due
to the alkalinity during the bleaching that results in an increasing dissolving of organic
substances out of the wood (and in an increase of pollution load).