Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DT Fracture Test PDF
DT Fracture Test PDF
■ The process of fracture can, in most cases, be subdivided into the following categories:
1. Damage accumulation. → 2. Nucleation of one or more cracks or voids. → 3. Growth of cracks or voids. (This
may involve a coalescence of the cracks or voids.)
Brittle fracture Ductile fracture
Failing Stress < Yield Strength Failing Stress > Yield Strength
Low Elongation Medium to High Elongation
Low Reduction in Area Medium to Large Reduction in Area
No Necking, Shiny, Crystalline, Granular Necked, Fibrous, Woody
Cleavage or Intergranular Microvoid Coalescence
■ “Goofy duck” analog for three modes of crack loading. (a) Crack/beak closed. (b) Opening mode. (c) Sliding mode. (d)
Tearing mode
# We note that as ρ becomes very small, σ max becomes very large, and in the limit, as ρ → 0, σ max
→ ∞. We define the term √𝑎/𝜌 as the stress concentration factor Kt (i.e., Kt = σmax/σ ). Kt simply
describes the geometric effect of the crack on the local stress (i.e., at the tip of the crack). Note that
Kt depends more on the form of the cavity than on its size.
■ In addition to producing a stress concentration, a notch produces a local situation of biaxial or
triaxial stress.
Problem
Two flat plates are being pulled in tension. (See Figure ) The flow stress of the materials
is 150 MPa.
(a) Calculate the maximum stresses in the plate. (b) Will the material flow plastically?
(c) For which configuration is the stress higher?