Bas

icPri
ncipl
esof
Hadit
h
Anexpl
anat
oryt
rans
lat
ionof
:

Khai
rulUsool
FiHadi
thirRasool
‫ﷺ‬

By
:Moul
anaKhai rMuhammad
Jaalandhri
1390A. H.
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
2
 3

Khai
rulUs
oolFiHadi
thi ool‫ﷺ‬
rRas
Aut
hor
:Moul
anaKhai
rMuhammad
J
aal i‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
andhr ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
Tr
ans
lat
edby
:MuhammadI
bnMoul
ana
Har
oonAbas
oomar
Publ
is
hedby
:
Madr
asahI
n’aami
yyah
P.
O.Box39
Campe
rdown
3720
Sout
hAf
ric
a
Te
l+27-
317854738
Emai
l:al
inaam@al
inaam.
co.
za
Fi
rstedi
ti
on:Rabi
'ulAkhi
r1428A.
H.
May2007
Sec
ondi
mpr
ess
ion:Raj
ab1433A.
H.
May2012
4
 5

Cont
ent
s
For
ewor
d 9
PREFACE 12
Def
ini
ti
onofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th 15
Obj
ectofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th 15
TheSubj
ectMat
terofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th15
Def
ini
ti
onofHadi
th 16
Ty
pesofAhadi
th 17
1.Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Mut
awaat
ir 17
2.Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d 17
1.
TypesofAl
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d
dependi
ngonwhoi
tisat
tri
but
edt
o 18
1.Al
-Mar
foo' 18
2.Al
-Mawqoof 19
3.Al
-Maqt
oo’ 19
6

2.Ty
pesofAl
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
dwi
th
r
egar
dst
othenumberofnar
rat
orsi
nthe
s
anad 19
1.Al
-Mas
h-hoor 20
2.Al
-‘
Azeez 20
3.Al
-Ghar
eeb 21
3.
TypesofAl
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d
c
onc
erni
ngt
her
eli
abi
li
tyofi
tsnar
rat
ors
22
1.
As-
Sahi
hliz
haat
ihee 22
2.Al
-Has
anl
i-
zhaat
ihee 23
3.Al
-Dha'
eef 23
4.As
-Sahi
hlighai
rihee 24
5.Al
-Has
anl
ighai
rihee 25
6.Al
-Mawdoo' 25
7.Al
-Mat
rook 26
8.As
h-Shaaz
h 27
 7

9.Al
-Mahf
ooz 27
10.Al
-Munkar 28
11.Al
-Ma'
roof 28
12.Al
-Mu’
all
al 29
13.Al
-Mudt
ari
b 29
14.Al
-Maql
oob 30
15.Al
-Mus
ahhaf 31
16.Al
-Mudr
aj 32
4.Ty
pesofAl
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d
c
ons
ider
ingc
ons
ist
enc
yand
i
ncons
ist
enc
yint
hec
hai
n 33
1.Al
-Mut
tas
il 33
2.Al
-Mus
nad 33
3.Al
-Munqat
i' 34
4.Al
-Mu’
all
aq 35
5.Al
-Mu'
dal 35
6.Al
-Mur
sal 36
8

7.Al
-Mudal
las 36
5.Ty
pesofAl
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d
c
ons
ider
ingt
hewor
dsofnar
rat
ing 38
1.Al
-Mu'
an'
an 38
2.Al
-Mus
als
al 38
TheWor
dsofNar
rat
ing 39
TheDi
ffer
enc
eBet
weenHaddat
hanee
(
‫ﻨﻲ‬‫ﺛ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫)ﺣ‬andAkhbar
anee(
‫ﻧﻲ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺒ‬‫ﺃﺧ‬
) 40
Thec
oll
ect
ionsofHadi
th 41
Ac
cor
dingt
othes
equenc
eint
hebook41
1.Al
-Jaami
' 42
2.
As-
Sunan………………….
. 43
3.
Al-
Mus
nad………………… 44
4.
Al-
Mu'
jam…………………. 45
5.
Al-
Juz
'…………………….
. 45
6.
Al-
Muf
rad…………………….
. 46
7.Al
-Ghar
ib 46
 9

8.
Al-
Mus
takhr
aj…………….
. 46
9.Al
-Mus
tadr
ak 47
2.Ac
cor
dingt
otheaut
hent
ici
tyoft
he
nar
rat
ionsf
oundi
ntheBooksofHadi
th
48
TheSi
haah-
Sit
tah‫ﺔ‬
َ
ّ‫ﺘ‬
ّ
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﺍ‬
ُ‫ﺎﺡ‬
‫ّﺤ‬
‫ﻟﺼ‬‫ﺍ‬ 53
TheLev
elsofMer
itoft
heSi
haahSi
ttah
56
TheMaz
haahi
b(s
chool
soft
hought
)of
t
heAut
hor
soft
heSi
haah-
Sit
tah 58
AlJ
arhwaTa'
deel(
Cri
ti
cis
m and
J
ust
ifi
cat
ion) 61
TheWor
dsofTa'
deel(
Jus
tif
icat
ion)
:62
TheWor
dsofJ
arh(
cri
ti
cis
m): 63
Ac
cept
anc
eandNonAc
cept
anc
eofJ
arh
andTa'
deel 64
10

Condi
ti
onsf
orAc
cept
ingJ
arhand
 11

Ta'
dee
l 65
Cont
radi
cti
onsi
nJar
handTa'
deel 67
Tes
tYour
sel
f.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
70
Fur
the
rreadi
ngmat
eri
al….
..
………….
..
73
Aboutt
heAut
hor 74
12

For
ewor
d

I
nthi
sbookl
et,t
her
espe
cte
daut
horhas
e
ncaps
ulat
ed t
he mor
e r
ele
vant
t
ermi
nol
ogi
esofHadi
th.Ashehass
tat
ed,
i
twoul
dbebe
nef
ici
alf
orbe
ginne
rsi
nthe
f
iel
d of Hadi
th t
o me
mor
ise t
hes
e
t
ermi
nol
ogi
es.F
ort
hisr
eas
on,Ic
hos
eto
ke
epi
tasapoc
kets
izebookl
et.Iwi
sht
o
–I
nshaAl
lah-f
oll
ow t
hisupwi
thamor
e
de
tai
led Engl
is
h wor
k on t
hiss
ubj
ect
whi
ch woul
d c
ert
ainl
y as
sis
t one i
n
pr
ogr
ess
ingt
othehi
ghe
rAr
abi
cbooksi
n
t
hisf
iel
d. Ge
ner
all
ythe s
tude
nts of
Hadi
thi
n ourc
ount
ryc
omme
nce and
 13

t
ermi
nat
ethe
irs
tudyi
nthes
cie
nceof
Hadi
th wi
th “
Shar
h Nukhbah”
,the
mas
ter
piec
eofHaaf
idhI
bnHaj
ar(‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
‫)ﷲ‬
.An e
asi
eropt
ion woul
d bet
o us
e
s
omeEngl
is
hbookont
hiss
ubj
ectasa
pr
elude
.Inf
act
,TheHonour
abl
eShay
kh
ofSy
ria,Shay
kh '
Abdul
lah Si
raj
udde
en1
(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)hasc
ompi
ledas
impl
eAr
abi
c
book on Us
ululHadi
thf
orbe
ginne
rs
e
nti
tl
ed:
‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻮ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨﻈ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺮﺡﺍ‬
‫ﺷ‬It
sinc
lus
ioni
nthe
c
urr
icul
um i
sgr
eat
lyne
ede
d.Thi
swi
llbe

1Heistheust
aadhoft hefamousMuhaddit
h
ofSy
riawhoiscurrent
lyresi
dingi
nMadinah
Munawwarah:Al-
Muhaddi thAsh-
Shay
kh
Muhammad' Awwamah( ‫ﻪﷲ‬ ‫ﻔﻈ‬‫)ﺣ‬
14

2
ani
deals
uppl
eme
ntt
oShar
hNukhbah.
L
ast
ly,Imake du'
athatAl
lah Ta'
ala
ac
cept
sthi
shumbl
econt
ribut
ionofmi
ne
t
othenobl
efi
eldofHadi
th.
Not
e:Af
tere
acht
erm Ihav
eadde
da
c
ont
inuous numbe
rsot
hat t
he t
otal
numbe
roft
ermsc
anbes
eenande
asi
ly
r
efe
rre
dto.F
urt
her
mor
e,nopar
toft
he
or
igi
nal book was c
hange
d. Al
l
annot
ati
ons hav
e be
en pl
ace
dint
he
f
oot
not
esori
nbr
acke
ts.
MuhammadI
bnMoul
anaHar
oonAbas
oomar

Madr
asahI
n'aami
yyah,Camper
down

14Rabi
'ut
hani1428A.
H(01May2007)

2
Myper
sonalopi
nioni
sthatShar
hNukhbah
s
houl
dnotbeomi
ttedf
rom t
hec
urr
icul
um.
15
16

PREFACE

I
nthi
sbookl
et,af
ewt
ermi
nol
ogi
esof
hadi
thhav
ebe
ent
rans
lat
ed.The
sewe
re
e
xtr
act
edf
rom t
her
eli
abl
esour
cesi
nthi
s
f
iel
d.Toc
reat
eeas
efort
her
eade
r,t
he
r
efe
renc
eshav
ebe
enpl
ace
dinbr
acke
tsat
3
t
hee
ndofe
achdi
scus
sion.
I
twoul
dbee
xtr
eme
lybe
nef
ici
alf
ort
he
be
ginne
rsi
n t
he f
iel
d of hadi
th t
o
me
mor
iset
hisbookl
etbe
for
eat
tempt
ing

3I nt hisediti
on,al
lr eferenceshavebeen
i
ns e
r t
edintothefoot
notes.
Note: Bes i
des the references, al
l ot
her
footnotesarebythet
ranslator.
 17

t
ost
udyot
herwor
ksont
hiss
ubj
ect
.

Moul
ana Khai
rMuhammad J
aal
andhr
i
Rahi
mahul
lah.
16Ramadhaan,1344A.
H.
18

‫ﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺬ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻩﺍ‬
‫ﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻼﻡﻋ‬،‫ﻔﻰ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﻪﻭ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺪﻟ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:‫ﺪ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﺎﺑ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺃ‬،
‫ﻔﻰ‬‫ﺍﺻﻄ‬

He
reunde
rar
eaf
ew br
ief
lyme
nti
one
d
t
ermi
nol
ogi
es of hadi
th. May t
he
Al
might
yAl
lah pr
ote
ctmef
rom e
rri
ng
andmayHeac
cepti
tandmakei
tame
ans
ofbe
nef
itf
orbe
ginne
rsi
nthef
iel
d of
hadi
th.(
Ame
en)
 19

Def
ini
ti
onofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th
‫ﻳﺚ‬
ِ
‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ُﺍ‬
‫ﻮﻝ‬ُ
‫ُﺻ‬
‫ﺃ‬
I
tisas
cie
ncet
hroughwhi
cht
hes
tat
usof
Ahadi
thar
ere
cogni
zed.

Obj
ectofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th
Af
terr
eal
is
ingt
hes
tat
usoft
heAhadi
th,
t
heobj
ecti
stopr
act
iceupont
hos
ethat
ar
emaqbool(
acc
ept
ed)and t
o di
scar
d
t
hos
ethatar
emar
dood(
rej
ect
ed)
.

The Subj
ect Mat
ter of Us
ool
-ul
-
Hadi
th
TheAhadi
tht
hems
elv
es.i
.e,t
hec
hai
nand
20

t
extoft
heHadi
th.

Def
ini
ti
onofHadi
th
Hadi
thr
efe
rst
othos
esay
ings
,ac
tionsand
4
appr
oval
s t
hat ar
e at
tri
but
ed t
o
Ras
ulul
lah ,t
he Sahabah or t
he
5
Tabi
een(
‫ﻬﻢ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).
The wor
ds "Khabr
" and "At
har
" ar
e

4Appr
oval
s(Taqri
raat)refert
othos
eactions
t
hatweredoneinthepr esenc
eofRasul
ullah
‫ ﷺ‬andhedidnotdisapproveoft
hem.
5
ATabi
’ei
sonewhometaSahabiwhi
ls
tin
t
hes
tat
eofi
man.
 21

s
ynony
msf
ort
hewor
d"Hadi
th".
22

Ty
pesofAhadi
th
Ahadi
thar
eoft
wot
ype
s:

1.Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Mut
awaat
ir(1)
ُ
‫ﺮ‬
ِ
‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬
َ
‫ﺘ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬ُ
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﺒ‬
َ
‫ﻟﺨ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhi
chi
str
ans
mit
tedbys
ucha
l
argenumbe
rofnar
rat
orsi
neac
her
a,
t
hati
tisi
mpos
sibl
etot
hinkt
hatt
heyal
l
6
c
ons
pir
edi
nfabr
icat
ingi
t.

2.Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d(2)
ُ
‫ﺪ‬
ِ‫ﺍﺣ‬
َ
‫ﻮ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ُﺍ‬
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﺒ‬
َ
‫ﻟﺨ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhos
enar
rat
orsar
enotasmany
7
ast
hos
eof"Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Mut
awaat
ir".

6
Suc
hAhadi
thar
ehi
ghl
yaut
hent
ic.
7
Mos
toft
hedi
scus
sionsofUs
ool
-ul
-Hadi
th
 23

1.TypesofAl
-Khabar
-ul-
Waahid
dependingonwhoitisat
tri
but
ed
to
Thi
sisoft
hreet
ypes
:

1.Al
-Mar
foo'(3)
ُ
‫ﻮﻉ‬ُ
‫ﻓ‬
ْ
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
At
exti
nwhi
cht
hes
ayi
ngs
,ac
tionsand
appr
oval
sar
eat
tri
but
edt
oRas
ulul
lah .

2.Al
-Mawqoof(4)
ُ
‫ﻮﻑ‬ُ
‫ﻗ‬
ْ
‫ﻮ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
At
exti
nwhi
cht
hes
ayi
ngs
,ac
tionse
tc.
ar
eat
tri
but
edt
oaSahabi.

t
hatper
tai
ntoaut
hent
ici
tyar
eex
clus
ivet
o
Al
-Khabar
-ul
-Waahi
d.
24

3.Al
-Maqt
oo’(5)
ُ
‫ﻮﻉ‬ُ
‫ْﻄ‬
‫ﻘ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
At
exti
nwhi
cht
hes
ayi
ngs
,ac
tionse
tc.
 25

8
ar
eat
tri
but
edt
oaTabi
'ee(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)
.

8
Al
-Maqt
oo’c
oul
dal
sor
efert
othes
ayi
ngs
et
c.oft
hos
eaf
tert
heTabi
’un,Li
ket
heTabi
’
Tabi
’eenet
c.
26

2.TypesofAl -Khabar-ul
-Waahi
d
wit
hr egar
dst ot he numberof
nar
ratorsinthesanad(Chain)
Thi
sisoft
hre
ety
pes
:

1.Al
-Mas
h-hoor(6)
ُ
‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻮ‬ُ
‫ﻬ‬ْ
‫َﺸ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
thi
n whos
esanad,t
her
ear
eat
l
eas
t3nar
rat
orsi
neac
her
a.

2.Al
-‘
Azeez(7)
ُ
‫ﺰ‬
ْ
‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺰ‬َ
‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,t
her
ear
eonl
y2
nar
rat
orsi
noneoft
hee
rasandnotl
ess
 27

t
han2i
ntheot
here
r .
as

3.Al
-Ghar
eeb(8)
ُ
‫ْﺐ‬
‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,t
her
eisonl
y
onenar
rat
ori
nanye
rar
egar
dle
ssoft
hei
r
numbe
rsi
not
here
ras
.
28

3.Ty pesofAl-
Khabar-
ul-Waahi
d
concerni
ng t
he rel
iabi
li
ty of i
ts
narr
at or
s
Thi
sisofs
ixt
eent
ype
s:

1.As
-Sahi
hliz
haat
ihee(9)
ِ
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍ‬َ
‫ﺬ‬
ِ‫ﻟ‬
ُ
‫ْﺢ‬‫ﻴ‬
ِ
‫َﺤ‬ّ
‫ﻟﺼ‬‫ﺍ‬
9
AHadi
thwhos
enar
rat
orsar
e‘aadi
l and
t
hey hav
e pe
rfe
ctl
ysound me
mor
ies
,
whi
lei
tsc
hai
nofnar
rat
orsi
s"Mut
tas
i"10
l
(
cont
inuous
)andi
tisnot"mu’
all
al"11nor

9Theyar enotsinner
s,andnei
therdothey
commi t any shamel es
s or disgr
acef
ul
act
s.Shar
( h-
Nukhbahpgs .
31-
32)
10Seeterm:25.
11
Seet
erm:20.
 29

"s h"12.
haaz

2.Al
-Has
anl
i-
zhaat
ihee(10)
‫ﻪ‬
ِ
‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺬ‬
ِ
‫ﻟ‬ُ
‫َﻦ‬
‫َﺴ‬
‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhi
chf
ulf
il
lsal
lthec
ondi
ti
ons
of"As
-sahi
hliz
haat
ihe
e"e
xce
ptt
hat
(
oneormor
e)oft
henar
rat
or’
sme
mor
yis
13
notaspe
rfe
ct .

3.Al
-Dha'
eef(11)
ُ
‫ْﻒ‬
‫ﻴ‬ِ
‫ﻌ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﻟﻀ‬‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
th i
n whi
ch any one of t
he
c
ondi
ti
onsof"Al
-sahi
hliz
haat
ihe
e"and

12
Seet
erm:16.
13Thisdoesnotr ef
ert
otheinstanc
ewhere
thenarr
ator
’smemor yi
sweak.Thatwil
lbea
weakchaini
nstead.
30

"Al
-Has
anl
i-
zhaat
ihe
e"ar
enotf
ound.

4.As
-Sahi
hlighai
rihee(12)
ِ
‫ﻩ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫ﻴ‬َ
‫ﻐ‬
ِ
‫ﻟ‬ُ
‫ْﺢ‬
‫ﻴ‬ِ
‫َﺤ‬
ّ
‫ﻟﺼ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhos
esanadi
nac
tualf
acti
s"Al
-
has
anl
izhaat
hihe
e"butbe
caus
eiti
s
14
s
uppor
tedbyanot
hers
anadj
ustl
ikei
t ,
i
tgai
nss
tre
ngt
handi
snow c
all
ed"Al
-
s
ahi
hlighai
rihe
e".

5.Al
-Has
anl
ighai
rihee(13)

14i.e,whi
chisal
sohasanliz
haathihee.
Note:thi
sals
oappliesifi
tissupportedbya
st
rongerchai
n,li
keSahihl
izhaati
hi.
 31

ِ
‫ﻩ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫ﻴ‬َ
‫ﻐ‬
ِ
‫ﻟ‬ُ
‫َﻦ‬
‫َﺴ‬
‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
th whos
esanadi
n ac
tualf
acti
s
"dha'
eef
" (
weak) but be
caus
e i
tis
s
uppor
tedbyanot
herwe
aks
anadt
hati
s
15
e
qualt
oiti
nwe
akne
ssors
tronge
r t
han
i
t,i
tbe
come
s"Al
-has
anl
ighai
rihe
e".

6.Al
-Mawdoo'(14)
ُ
‫ﻮﻉ‬ُ
‫ْﺿ‬
‫ﻮ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
th whi
chi
str
ans
mit
ted by a
f
abr
icat
orofHadi
th,i
.e.aHadi
thwhi
ch
hasbe
enf
abr
icat
edandf
als
elyat
tri
but
ed
t
oRas
ulul
lah ort
heSahabah 16
.

15
i
.e,betterthanit
.
16 Iti s Har aam to narr
ateaf abr
icated
Hadithex ceptt oshow t
hati ti
sfabri
cated.
(I
bnSal aah,pg.98)
Note:TheHadi t
hwhi c
hisveryweak(Dha’eef
32

7.Al
-Mat
rook(15)
ُ
‫ﻭﻙ‬ُ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ﺘ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
thi
n whos
esanad,one oft
he
nar
rat
orsi
ssus
pec
ted ofbe
ing a l
iar
17
r
egar
dingt
heAhadi
thofRas
ulul
lah ,or
t
he c
ont
ent
s oft
his hadi
thc
ont
radi
ct
s
ome
thi
ng whi
ch has be
en s
oundl
y
pr
ove
ninDe
en.

8.As
h-Shaaz
h(16)
ُ
ّ
‫ﺫ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻟﺸ‬
‫ﺍ‬
-Ji
ddan)hast hes amel aw asAl -
Mawdoo' .
(Si
yar A’lamin-Nubalaa, vol.8 pg.520; Al-
Mūqizah,pg.67)
17Thispar ti
cularnarrat
ori sac t
uallyknown
to be a liari n othermat ters,henc et he
suspi
cionofhi ml yi
ngr egardingAhadi t
hi s
appli
ed.
 33

A Hadi
th whos
e nar
rat
or i
s "t
hiqah"
(
rel
iabl
e)i
.e.hei
s‘Aadi
landhepos
ses
ses
as
trong me
mor
y, but hi
s nar
rat
ion
c
ont
radi
ctsa nar
rat
ion ofone who i
s
"awt
haq"(
mor
ere
liabl
e)ori
tcont
radi
cts
t
henar
rat
ionofot
her"t
hiqaat
"(pl
uralof
"t
hiqah")
.

9.Al
-Mahf
ooz(17)
ُ
‫ﻮﻅ‬ُ
‫ﻔ‬
ْ
‫َﺤ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
Theoppos
iteof"As
h-Shaaz
h",(
i.
e.t
he
Hadi
th oft
he"awt
haq" (
mor
ere
liabl
e
nar
rat
or) or "t
hiqaat
"that has be
en
c
ont
radi
cte
dbya"Shaaz
h"nar
rat
ioni
s
t
erme
das
:“Al
-Mahf
ooz
”).

10.Al
-Munkar(18)
34

ُ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻜ‬ْ
‫ﻨ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhos
enar
rat
ori
swe
akandhi
s
nar
rat
ionc
ont
radi
ctst
hatofa"t
hiqah"
or"t
hiqaat
".

11.Al
-Ma'
roof(19)
ُ
‫ﻭﻑ‬ُ
‫ﺮ‬
ْ
‫ﻌ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
The oppos
ite of"Al
-Munkar
".(
i.
e.t
he
Hadi
thoft
hatt
hiqah-
ort
hiqaat
-whi
ch
wasc
ont
radi
cte
dbyt
heHadi
thofawe
ak
nar
rat
ori
ste
rme
das
:"Al
-Ma'
roof
").
12.Al
-Mu’
all
al(20)
ُ
‫َﻞ‬
ّ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhi
chappar
ent
lyf
ulf
il
sal
lthe
c
ondi
ti
onsof"Al
-Sahi
h",buti
thasan
unc
lear
,hi
dde
n de
fec
tthat e
ffe
cti
vel
y
 35

18
r
ende
rsi
taswe
ak. Thi
sisal
sor
efe
rre
d
t
oas
:"Al
-Ma’
lool
".

13.Al
-Mudt
ari
b(21)
ُ
‫ِﺏ‬
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ْﻄ‬
‫ُﻀ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
th i
n whi
ch t
her
e i
s s
uch
c
ont
radi
cti
onamongt
henar
rat
ors(
int
he
s
anad/
chai
n ormat
n/t
ext
)thatne
ithe
r
t
arj
eeh (
pre
fer
enc
e) nor t
atbe
eq
(
rec
onc
il
iat
ion)c
anbeac
hie
ved.

14.Al
-Maql
oob(22)
ُ
‫ﻮﺏ‬ُ
‫ﻠ‬
ْ
‫ﻘ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬

18 Such a def
ectisex t
remelydi f
fic
ultto
det
ect,andi sonl
yappar enttoanex t
reme
masterofHadit
h.Inf
act,therewereveryfew
Muhadditheenofthepastt hatwereableto
det
ectthem.(Shar
h-Nukhbah,pg.83)
36

AHadi
thi
nwhi
chanar
rat
ormi
stakenl
y
c
ommi
tte
dTaqdi
m/Ta'
khi
r(al
ter
nat
ion)
i
nthename
soft
hes
anad(
chai
n)ort
he
wor
dingsoft
he mat
n(t
ext
).I
n ot
her
wor
ds, he s
ubs
tit
ute
s one name f
or
anot
her
,orr
eve
rse
sthes
eque
nceoft
he
wor
ds.

15.Al
-Mus
ahhaf(23)
ُ
‫َﻒ‬
ّ
‫َﺤ‬
‫ُﺼ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhi
cht
hepr
onunc
iat
ionofa
c
ert
ainwor
dornamewasc
hange
d.Thi
s
c
oul
d be due t
o di
ff
ere
nt har
akaat
(
diac
rit
ical mar
ks) or di
ff
ere
nt dot
s
(
diac
rit
ical poi
nts
) be
ing appl
ied,
 37

al
thought
heor
igi
nalf
orm oft
hewor
ds
r
emai
nunc d19.
hange

16.Al
-Mudr
aj(24)
ُ
‫َﺝ‬
‫ﺭ‬ْ
‫ﺪ‬
ُ‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhi
choneoft
henar
rat
ors
addshi
sown wor
dsi
ntot
het
ext(
for
e
xpl
anat
orypur
pos
es)andot
her
sre
gar
d
20
(
andnar
rat
e)i
taspar
toft
heHadi
th.

19Ift hereas
onf ort
hechangewast hedots
,
itwillbec all
ed:Al-
Mus ahhafe.g. ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺰ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺣ‬.is
alt
eredt o; ‫ﺓ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ ﺟ‬Andifi
twast heharakaat
,
thenitwi l
lbeAl-Muharr
af,e.g.‫ﻴﻢ‬ِ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﺳ‬t o‫ْﻢ‬
‫ﻴ‬َ
‫ﻠ‬
ُ
‫ﺳ‬.
(Sharh-Nukhbah,pg.
92)
20
I
tisHar
aam t
oint
ent
ional
lyc
ommi
t:Qal
b,
Tas
-heeforI
draaj
.
38
 39

4.Ty pesofAl-Khabar-
ul-Waahi
d
consideri
ng c onsis
tency and
inconsis
tenc
yinthechai
n
Thi
sisofs
eve
nty
pes
:

1.Al
-Mut
tas
il(25)
ُ
‫ِﻞ‬
‫َﺼ‬
ّ
‫ﺘ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,e
ver
ynar
rat
ori
s
me
nti
one
d.(
i.
e.noneoft
henar
rat
orsar
e
l
eftoutoromi
tte
dfr
om t
hats
anad)
.

2.Al
-Mus
nad(26)
ُ
‫ﺪ‬
َ‫ﻨ‬
ْ
‫ُﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
th whos
esanad i
s "Mut
tas
il
"
(
cont
inuous
)andMar
f .21
oo'

21
Seet
erm:3
40

Not
e:Seet
erm:36f
oranot
herdef
ini
ti
onof
 41

3.Al
-Munqat
i'(27)
ُ
‫ﻊ‬ِ
‫َﻄ‬
‫ﻘ‬ْ
‫ﻨ‬
ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,anar
rat
orhas
be
enomi
tt
edf
rom t
hemi
ddl
e,(
ormor
e
t
hanonenar
rat
orhasbe
enomi
tte
dbut
22
notc
ons
ecut
ive
ly)
.
4.Al
-Mu’
all
aq(28)

Al
-Mus
nad.
22
TheAhadi
tht
hatar
eMunqat
i’
,Mu’
all
aq,
Mu’
dal
, Mur
sal or Mudal
las c
annot be
c
las
sif
iedasSahi
hduet
othei
nter
rupt
ioni
n
t
hec
hai
n.
Not
e:TheMu’
all
aqaatofSahi
hBukhar
ihav
e
adi
ffer
entr
uli
ng.See:Tadr
iburRawi
,vol
.1
pg.160-
168.
42

ُ
‫َﻖ‬
ّ
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,oneormany
nar
rat
orshav
ebe
enomi
tte
d(s
ucc
ess
ive
ly)
f
rom t
hebe
ginni
ng(
i.
e.f
rom t
hes
ideof
t
heaut
hor
).

5.Al
-Mu'
dal(29)
ُ
‫َﻞ‬
‫ْﻀ‬
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nthemi
ddl
eofwhos
esanad,
mor
ethanonenar
rat
orhasbe
enomi
tte
d
c
ons
ecut
ive
ly.
6.Al
-Mur
sal(30)
ُ
‫َﻞ‬
‫ْﺳ‬
‫ﺮ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
A Hadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,s
ome
onehas
be
enomi
tte
datt
hee
nd.(
i.
e.af
tert
he
 43

23
Tabi
'ee
. )

7.Al
-Mudal
las(31)
ُ
‫َﺲ‬ّ
‫ﻟ‬
َ
‫ﺪ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thwhe
rei
noneoft
henar
rat
orshas
t
hehabi
tofc
onc
eal
ingt
hei
dent
ityofhi
s

23
I
tisi
ncor
rec
ttos
ay Mur
:“ sali
swher
ethe
Sahabihasbeenomi
tted”duet
othef
actt
hat
t
heSahabii
snott
heonl
yoneomi
tted.Ther
e
c
oul
dbeanot
herTabi
’eemi
ssi
ngt
oo.
44

She
ikh,orhi
sShay
kh' kh.24
sShay

24
Thi
sisav
erybr
iefandpar
tialdef
ini
ti
onof
Al
-Mudal
las
.Ref
ert
oTadr
eebur
-rawi
,vol
.1
pgs
.352-
366(
Dar
ul‘
Asi
mah)f
oradet
ail
ed
di
scus
sion.
 45

5.TypesofAl-
Khabar-
ul-Waahid
cons
ider
ingt
hewordsofnarr
ati
ng
Thi
sisoft
wot
ype
s:

1.Al
-Mu'
an'
an(32)
ُ
‫َﻦ‬
‫ﻌ‬ْ
‫ﻨ‬
َ
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
As
anadi
nwhi
cht
hewor
d: '
an(‫ﻋ‬
ْ
‫)َﻦ‬i
s
us
ed.Thi
sisal
soc
all
ed’
An’
anah.

2.Al
-Mus
als
al(33)
ُ
‫َﻞ‬
‫ْﺴ‬
‫ﻠ‬
َ
‫ُﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
AHadi
thi
nwhos
esanad,t
hewor
dsof
nar
rat
ingt
heHadi
thort
hec
ondi
ti
onsor
qual
it
iesofal
lthenar
rat
orsar
ethes
ame
.
TheWor
dsofNar
rat
ing

TheMuhaddi
the
enof
tenus
eoneoft
he
46

f
oll
owi
ngwor
dswhe
nnar
rat
ingahadi
th:

،‫ِﻲ‬‫ﻧ‬
َ
‫ﺄ‬َ
‫ﺒ‬ْ
‫ﻧ‬
َ
‫ﺃ‬،ْ‫ِﻲ‬
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﺒ‬ْ
‫َﺧ‬‫ﺃ‬،‫ﺛَﻨِﻲ‬ َ
ّ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺣ‬
ْ
‫ِﻲ‬
‫َﻟ‬
‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ُﻗ‬‫ْﺕ‬
‫ﺃ‬َ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻗ‬،‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
َ
‫ﺄ‬َ
‫ﺒ‬
ْ
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺃ‬،‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﺒ‬
ْ
‫َﺧ‬
‫ﺃ‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬
َ
‫ﺛ‬َ
ّ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺣ‬
،ٌ
‫ُﻻﻥ‬
‫ْﻓ‬‫ِﻲ‬
‫َﻯﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬َ
‫ﺭ‬،ٌ‫ُﻻﻥ‬‫ْﻓ‬
‫ِﻲ‬
‫َﻟ‬
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﻛ‬َ
‫ﺫ‬،ٌ
‫ُﻻﻥ‬
‫ﻓ‬
،ٌ
‫ﻗﻝﻓﻼﻥ‬‫ﺎ‬،ٍ
‫ُﻻﻥ‬‫ْﻓ‬
‫َﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬،ٌ
‫ُﻻﻥ‬
‫َﻓ‬
ّ
‫َﻲ‬‫ﻟ‬
ِ
‫َﺇ‬
‫َﺐ‬‫ﺘ‬
َ
‫ﻛ‬
.ٌ
‫َﻓﻼﻥ‬
‫َﺐ‬‫ﺘ‬
َ
‫ﻛ‬، ‫َﻯﻓﻼﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬
َ
‫ﺭ‬،‫َﻓﻼﻥ‬‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻛ‬َ
‫ﺫ‬

TheDif
fer
enc
eBet
weenHaddathanee
(‫ﺛَﻲ‬
‫ﺪَّ ﻨ‬ َ‫)ﺣ‬andAkhbaranee(‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻧِﻲ‬ َ‫ﺮ‬ َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫)َﺧ‬
The Mut
aqaddi
mee
n (
ear
li
ers
chol
ars
)
c
ons
ide
rthe
set
ermsass
ynony
ms.
Ac
cor
ding t
othe Mut
a'akhi
ree
n(l
att
er
days
chol
ars
), ‫ِﻲ‬
‫ﻨ‬
َ
‫ﺛ‬َ
ّ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺣ‬isus
edwhe
nthe
t
eac
herr
eci
tesand t
he s
tude
ntl
is
tens
 47

i
ndi
vidual
ly.I
fthe
rear
ese
ver
als
tude
nts
,
t
hepl
ural‫ﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻨ‬َ
‫ﺛ‬
َ
ّ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺣ‬isus
ed.ْ
‫ِﻲ‬
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﺒ‬ْ
‫َﺧ‬
‫ﺃ‬isus
ed
whe
nthes
tude
ntal
oner
eci
tesandt
he
t
eac
herl
is
tens
.Ift
her
ear
eot
her
spr
ese
nt
i
nthegat
her
ing,t
hent
het
erm:‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬َ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﺒ‬ْ
‫َﺧ‬
‫ﺃ‬is
us
ed.

Thec
oll
ect
ionsofHadi
th25

Thec
oll
ect
ionsofHadi
thc
anbedi
vide
d
i
ntot
wot
ype
s.
A.Ac
cor
dingt
othes
eque
ncef
oll
owe
din
t
hebooki
tse
lf.
B.Ac
cor
dingt
otheaut
hent
ici
tyoft
he

25 Itwouldbebenef
ici
alforthestudentto
lookupeachofthebooksment i
onedint his
sect
ion s
o as t
of amil
iar
ize himsel
fwi t
h
them.
48

nar
rat
ionsf
oundt
her
ein.

Accordi
ng t
othe s
equenc
eint
he
book
The
sear
e(ofmanyt
ype
s,ofwhi
ch)9
f
amoust
ype
sar
edi
scus
sedhe
reunde
r:
1.Al
-Jaami
'(34)
ُ
‫ﻊ‬ِ
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ
‫ﻟﺠ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A book t
hatc
ons
ist
soft
he f
oll
owi
ng
c
hapt
ers
:

1) ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻔﺴ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫( ﺍ‬Comment
ary oft
he Hol
y
Qur
aan)
2)‫ﺪ‬
‫ﺋ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬‫(ﺍ‬Bel
ief
s)
3)‫ﻡ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫(ﺍﻷﺣ‬Di
vinel
aw)
4) ‫ﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬ (
His
tor
y / Bi
ogr
aphy of
Ras
ulul
lah )
 49

5)‫ﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺩ‬‫(ﺍﻵ‬Et
iquet
te)
6)‫ﺎﻕ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫(ﺍ‬Spi
ri
tualgui
danc
e)
7)‫ﻗﺐ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫(ﺍ‬Vi
rtuesoft
heSahabah et
c.)
8)‫ﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫( ﺍ‬Corrupt
ionandt
hes
ignsof
Qi
yaamah)
Ex
ampl
e:Sahi
hAl
-Bukhar
iandJ
ami
’ut
-
Ti
rmi .26
dhi

2.As
-Sunan(35)
ُ
‫َﻦ‬
‫ﻨ‬
ُ
ّ
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﺍ‬
Abookwhe
rei
ntheahadi
thofahkaam

26
Sahi
hMus
li
misal
soaJ
ami
’.Theaut
hor
pr
obabl
ydi
dnotc
itei
tasanex
ampl
eduet
o
adi
ffer
enc
eofopi
nionont
hemat
ter
.Ref
er
t
o: Muqaddi
mah Fat
hul Mul
him, v
ol.
1
pg.
293.
50

(
inj
unc
tions
)ar
ear
range
d ac
cor
dingt
o
t
he s
eque
nce oft
he c
hapt
ers ofF
iqh
(
jur
ispr
ude
nce
).
Ex
ampl
e:Sunan AbiDawood, Sunan
Nas
aaiandSunanI
bnMaj
ah.

3.Al
-Mus
nad(36)
ُ
‫ﺪ‬
َ‫ﻨ‬
ْ
‫ُﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
Abookwhe
rei
ntheAhadi
thar
ear
range
d
ac
cor
dingt
othename
soft
heSahabah
i
.e.t
he ahadi
th ofe
ach Sahabi ar
e
me
nti
one
dinonepl
ace
.Thename
soft
he
Sahabah ar
ethe
n ar
range
d e
ithe
r
ac
cor
dingt
othe
irs
tat
us,t
hei
rpr
ece
denc
e
i
nIs
lam,ori
nal
phabe
tic
alor
der
.
Ex
ampl
e:Mus
nadAhmad
51
52

4.Al
-Mu'
jam (37)
ُ
‫َﻢ‬
‫ْﺠ‬
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
A book whe
rei
nthe ahadi
th ofe
ach
s
hay
kh (
teac
her
)ar
eme
nti
one
din one
pl
ace
.Ex
ampl
e:Al
-Mu'
jam of I
maam
Tabar
ani(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)

5.Al
-Juz
'(38)
ُ
‫ﺀ‬
ْ
‫ﺰ‬ُ
‫ﻟﺠ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A book whe
rei
nthe ahadi
th of one
s
pec
ifi
ctopi
car
egat
her
ed.
Ex
ampl
e:"J
uz’
ulqi
ra’
ah" and "J
uz'
-u-
Raf
’i
lyaday
n"ofI
maam Al
-Bukhar
i(‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
‫) ﷲ‬aswe
llas
:"J
uz’
ulQi
ra’
ah"ofI
maam
AlBai
haqi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).
6.Al
-Muf
rad(39)
ُ
‫ﺩ‬
َ
‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫ﻔ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
 53

Abookwhe
rei
nal
lthenar
rat
ionsofone
s
pec
ifi
cpe
rsonar
equot
ed.

7.Al
-Ghar
ib(40)
ُ
‫ْﺐ‬
‫ﻳ‬ِ
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻐ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
Abookt
hatc
ont
ainst
henar
rat
ionsofa
c
ert
ainnar
rat
orwhi
chheal
onenar
rat
es
27
f
rom apar
tic
ularShay
kh.

8.Al
-Mus
takhr
aj(41)
ُ
‫َﺝ‬
‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫َﺨ‬
‫ﺘ‬ْ
‫ُﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
Abookwhe
rei
ntheaut
horme
nti
onsal
l
t
he Ahadi
th ofone par
tic
ularbook of
Hadi
thwi
thhi
sownas
aane
ed(
plur
alof
s
anad)
.
Ex
ampl
e:Mus
takhr
aj-
Abi‘
Awaanah.

27Al
-Uj
alat
u-Naaf
i'ahpg.
14;'
Arf
uShaz
hiy
54

9.Al
-Mus
tadr
ak(42)
ُ
‫َﻙ‬
‫ﺭ‬
ْ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺘ‬ْ
‫ُﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
A book whe
rei
nthe aut
hor me
nti
ons
ahadi
tht
hatf
ulf
il
lthec
ondi
ti
onsofa
par
tic
ularbookbutwe
renoti
ncl
ude
din
i
t.
Ex
ampl
e:Al
-Mus
tadr
ak‘
AlaSahi
hai
n of
I
maam Al
-Haaki
m Al
-Nai
saabur
i
28
(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)
.

B.Accordi
ngtotheaut
henti
cityoft
he
narr
ations f
ound int he Books of

28AlHi
ttahf
izi
khr
iSi
haahSi
ttah
 55

Hadi
th29
The
sear
eoff
ivet
ype
s:

1.Bookswhe
rei
nal
ltheAhadi
thar
esahi
h
(
aut
hent
ic)
.
Ex
ampl
es:Muwat
ta’I
mam Maal
ik,Sahi
h
AlBukhar
i,Sahi
h Mus
li
m,Sahi
hIbn
Khuz
aimah,Sahi
hIbnHi
bban,Mus
tadr
ak
AlHaaki
m,Al
-Mukht
arahofI
maam Di
yau
De
en Al
-Maqdi
si(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Sahi
h Abi
‘
Awaanah(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Sahi
hIbnusSakan,
Munt
aqaI
bni
lJar
ud.

2.Bookswhi
chc
ons
istofAhadi
tht
hatar
e
s
ahi
h,has
ananddha'
eef(
weak)
.

29Thissec
tionhighl
ight
sthefactt
hat:not
ev
eryHadit
hi nev
erybookisaut
hent
ic…
56

Howe
ver
,thedha'
eefAhadi
thi
nthe
se
booksar
ecl
oset
ohas
an.
Ex
ampl
es: Sunan Abi
-Dawood, Sunan
Nas
aai
,Sunan Ti
rmi
dhi and Mus
nad-
I
maam Ahmad.

3.Bookswhi
chc
ont
ainAhadi
tht
hatar
e
Has
an,Dha’
eef(
weak)
,Munkar (
ver
y
we
ak)andal
lot
hert
ype
s.
Ex
ampl
es:SunanI
bnMaj
ah,Mus
nadAbi
Dawud Al
-Tay
ali
si
,Zi
yadaatI
bn Ahmad
I
bn Hambal
, Mus
nad '
Abdur
-Raz
zaq30,
31
Mus
nadSa'
eedI
bnMans
ur ,Mus
annaf

30 Imaam ' Abdur Raz

zaq (‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬)is
known to have a "Musannaf
" and nota
"Musnad.
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭ ﷲﺃﻋ‬
31I
maam Sa'
eedI
bn Mans
uri
sknown t
o
 57

AbiBakrI
bn AbiShay
bah,Mus
nad Abi
Ya'
laAlMaws
il
i,Mus
nadBaz
zar
,Mus
nad
I
bnJ
ari
r,Tahz
hibI
bn J
ari
r,Tar
ikhI
bn
Mar ah32,Taf
duy see
rIbnMar
dawai
h,Al
-
Mu'
jamul Kabe
er, Al Aws
at and Al
Saghe
erofI
maam Tabar
ani(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),
SunanDaar
aqut
ni,Ghar
aai
bDaar
aqut
ni,
Al
-Hi
lyahofI
maam AbuNu'
aim(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),
SunanBai
haqi
,Shu'
abulI
maanofI
maam
AlBai
haqi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).

4.Bookswhe
remos
toft
heAhadi
thar
e
we
ak.

hav
ea"Sunan",apar
tofwhi
chi
spr
i ed.‫ﻭ‬
nt
‫ﻠﻢ‬
‫ﷲﺃﻋ‬
32
Thi
sishow t
heMuhaddi
thunpr
onounc
e
s
uchnames
.
58

Ex
ampl
es:Nawaadi
rulUs
oolofHake
em
Ti
rmi
dhi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Tar
eekhulKhul
afaaof
'
All
amah Suy
uti(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Tar
eekh I
bn
Naj
jaar
,Mus
nadulF
irdawsofI
maam Al
-
Dai
lami(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Ki
taabu Du'
afaa of
I
maam Al
-'Uqai
li(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Al
-Kaami
lof
I
bn'
Adi
y(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Tar
eekhofKhat
eeb
Baghdadi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Tar
eekhI
bn'
Asaaki
r
(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)
.

5.Bookswhi
chgat
herf
abr
icat
edAhadi
th
onl
y.
33
Ex
ampl
es:Mawdu'
atI
bnulJ
awz
i (‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬

33Imaam I bnulJ
awz i(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬)isknownt o
bev eryster
ninthisregard.Ther
efore,hehas
clas
sifi
ed many ac ceptable narrati
ons as
fabric
ations!One should alwaysv eri
fyhis
ruli
ngsbyr ef
err
ingt oot herworksont his
 59

‫)ﷲ‬
,Mawdu'
atofShay
kh Muhammad
34
Taahi
rNahr
wani(
Pat
ni)(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)et
c.

subject
,specif
ical
ly:Al
-La-aali
lMasnoo’
ahof
‘
AllamahAs -Suyuti(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬)andTanzi
hush
-Shari’
ahofImam I bn‘Arr
aaq( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬)
34MaaYaj i
buHi fdhuhul iNaadhi
rofShah
Wal iul
lahMuhaddi thDehlawi(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
60

TheSi
haah-
Sit
tah

‫ﺔ‬
َ
ّ‫ﺘ‬
ّ
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ُﺍ‬
‫ﺎﺡ‬
‫ّﺤ‬
‫ﻟﺼ‬‫ﺍ‬
Amongal
lthec
oll
ect
ionsofhadi
th,t
her
e
ar
esi
xthatar
emor
efamous
.The
yar
e:
1.Sahi
hAl
- i35
Bukhar
2.Sahi
hMus
lm 36
i
3.Sunan-
Tir
midhi37

35OfI maam Abu‘ Abdil

lahMuhammadi bn
Isma’eeli bnI brahim Al-
Bukhari( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬ )
,
borni n 194A. H.and passed awayon t he
nightof‘ Ei
dul -
Fitr
,256A. H.(SiyarA’ l
ami n-
Nubal aa,vol .
12pgs .
391-471)
36 Of I maam Abul -Husai
n, Mus li
m i bn
Hajjaaji bn Mus l
im,bor nin 204 A. H.and
passedawayi nRaj ab261A. H.( Ibid,vol.12
pgs.557- 580)
37OfI maam Abu‘ EsaMuhammadi bn‘ Esa
ibnSawr ahAt -
Tirmidhi(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬ )
,bor ni n
210A. H.andpas sedawayon13Raj ab279
A.H.(Ibid,v ol.
13pgs .
270-277)
 61

4.SunanAbiDawood38
39
5.Sunan-
Nas
aai
6.SunanI ah40
bnMaaj

 Some Ul
ama hav
e c
ount
ed

38 OfI maam Abu Dawood Sul aiman ibn

Ash’at hAs -Sij
istani( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬ )
,bor nin202
A.H.andpas sdawayon16Shawwaal275
A.H.( Ibid,v ol.13pgs .
203- 221)
39OfI maam Abu‘ Abdi r-RahmanAhmadi bn
Shu’ai bibn‘ AliAn- Nas aai( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬),bornin
215A. H.andpas sedawayon13Saf ar303
A.H.( Ibid,v ol.14pgs .
125- 135)
Note: Ther ear e2 Sunan- Nasaai;thebigger
onei s:Al -Sunan- ul-Kubr aaandt heot :Al
her -
Muj tabaa.Thel at terist hemor ecommonof
thetwo.
40OfI maam Abu- ‘
AbdillahMuhammadi bn
Yazeed i bn Maaj ah bor ni n 209 A. H.and
passed away i n Ramadaan 273 A. H
(‫ﻪﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭﺣ‬ ),(Ibid,v ol.13pgs .277-281)
62

Muwat
ta’I
mam Mal
iki
npl
aceof
SunanI
bnMaaj
ah.
 Ot
her
ssayt
hatSunanAl
-Dar
imi
s
houl
dbepar
toft
heSi
haah-
sit
tah
(
ins
teadofSunanI
bnMaaj
ah)
.

Not
e:The
seki
taabsar
ecal
ledt
heSi
haah-
41
s
itahMaj
t aaz
an(
met
aphor
ical
ly) ,
be
caus
eonl
ySahi
halBukhar
iandSahi
h
42
Mus
li
m ar
einac
tualf
actSahi
h.

TheLev
elsofMer
itoft
heSi
haah

41 Muqaddi
mah Mi
shkaat
; Al
-‘
ujaal
atu-
Naaf
i’
ah
42 Thati s,allthei
rnar r
ati
onsar e Sahih
(authent
ic).Theothershav enarrat
ionsthat
varyinbeingSahi
h,Has an,Dha'eefetc
.
 63

Si
ttah

1.Sahi
hAl
-Bukhar
i
2.Sahi
hMus
li
m
3.SunanAbiDawood43
44
4.Sunan-
Nas
aai

43Moul anaAnwarShahAl -Kashmi ri(‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭﺣ‬

‫) ﷲ‬hass tat
edt hat“Sharhu-Ma’anilAat haar
“ofI maam At-Tahawi(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬ )isc loset o
SunanAbiDawoodi nregardstot hel evelof
rel
iabil
it
y oft he nar r
ators.( Muqaddi mah
Fai
dhul-Baaripg.57)I maam I bn Haz m Az -
Zahiri(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬ )hasal s
o ment i
oned t he
wor kofI maam At -
Tahawi( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬ )wi th
SunanAbiDawood.( Si
yarA’lami n-Nubal aa,
vol.
18pg.202)
44
Sev
eral ‘
Ulama hav
e pr
efer
red Sunan
Nas
aaiov
erSunanAbiDawud.Amongt
hem
i
s:Moul
anaAnwarShahAl
-Kas
hmi
ri(‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
64

‫) ﷲ‬,see:Muqaddi
mahFai
dulBar
i,pg.
57&
Ma’
ari
fusSunan,v
ol.
1pg.
16)
.Tr
ans
lat
or.
 65

5.Sunan-
Tir
midhi
6.SunanI
bnMaaj
ah
66

TheMazhaahib(s
choolsofthought )
45
oft
heAuthorsoft
heSihaah-
Sit
tah

1. I
maam Al
-Bukhar
i(‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
46
Ac
cor
dingt
osome
,hewasamuj
tahi
d.
47
Ot
her
scl
aimt
hathewasaShaf
i'
ee.

2.I
maam Mus
li
m(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
Ac
cor
dingt
othef
amousv
iew,hewasa

45
The
re ar
e v
ari
ous c
onf
li
cti
ng c
lai
ms
r
egar
ding t
his i
ssue. The aut
hor has
re
stri
ctedtotheviewshepref
er s.
46Al-Nafi
ulKabeer;Kas
hfulHijaab
47 Tabaqaat
ush Shafii
yyah vol. 2;Al
2 pg. -
Hit
tahpg.121
 67

48
Shaf
i'
ee.

3.I
maam Abu Dawood (
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
49
Ac
cor
dingt
osomehewasaHambal
i ,
50
whi
ls
tot
her
ssayhewasaShaaf
i'
ee.

4.I
maam An-
Nas
aai(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
51
HewasaShaf
i'
ee.

5.I
maam At
-Ti
rmi
zhi(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)
52
HewasaShaf
i'
ee.

48Al-
Yaani'ulJ
anipg.49
49Al-
Hittahpg.
125
50TabaqatuShafi
'yyahvol
.6pg.
48
51Al-
Hittahpg.
127
52Al'Arf
ushShazee
68

6.I
maam I
bn-
Maj
ah(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
53
HewasaShaf
i'
ee.

53Al'
Arf
ushShaz
ee
 69

AlJarh watTa'deel(
Cri
ti
cis
m and
Jus
tif
icat
i 54
on) ‫ﻳﻞ‬ِ
‫ﺪ‬ْ
‫ﻌ‬َ
ّ
‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
َ
‫ُﻭ‬‫ْﺡ‬‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﻟﺠ‬
‫ﺍ‬

TheMuhadi
the
enus
espe
cialt
ermswhe
n
gr
adi
ngt
henar
rat
ors
.The
set
ermsar
eof
v
ary
ing l
eve
ls;s
ome be
ing s
upe
riort
o
ot
her
s.
The
set
ermsar
e me
nti
one
d he
reunde
r
ac
cor
dingt
othel
eve
lsofme
rit
,fr
om t
he

54 Al-J
arh watTa’ deeli sa veryvas
tand
intr
icat
e f i
eld. The aut hor has mer el
y
present
ed an i nt
roduction here.Moulana
‘
AbdulHay yLaknawi( ‫ﻪ ﷲ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬)haswrit
ten
apr i
cel
essbookont hissubjec
tenti
tl
ed:
‫ﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻊﻭ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫‪70‬‬

‫‪hi‬‬
‫‪ghe‬‬
‫‪s‬‬‫‪tt‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬‫‪hel‬‬
‫‪owe‬‬
‫‪s‬‬‫‪t‬‬‫‪.‬‬

‫‪TheWor‬‬
‫'‪dsofTa‬‬
‫(‪deel‬‬
‫‪J‬‬‫‪us‬‬
‫‪t‬‬‫‪i‬‬‫‪f‬‬
‫‪i‬‬‫‪c‬‬‫‪at‬‬
‫‪i‬‬‫)‪on‬‬
‫‪:‬‬

‫ٌ‪،‬‬
‫ِﻦ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ْ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ٌﻣ‬‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ِ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﺛ‬
‫ِﻆ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ٌﺣ‬‫ْﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫َ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﺛ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ُﺠ‬
‫ٌﺣ‬ ‫ْﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺛ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﻻ‬
‫ﻭﻕ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺪ‬
‫َ‬‫ٌ‪ ،‬ﺻ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ِ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﺛ‬‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ِ‬
‫ٌﺛ‬
‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ِ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﺛ‬
‫ْﺖ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫َ‬
‫ٌﺛ‬‫ﺔ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻘ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺛ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ْﻕ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ِ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻟﺼ‬‫ﻪﺍ‬‫ُ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫َ‬
‫َﺤ‬‫ٌ‪،‬ﻣ‬‫ْﺱ‬‫ﺄ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻪﺑ‬‫ِ‬
‫َﺑ‬
‫ْﺲ‬‫ﻴ‬‫َ‬
‫ﺑ‪،‬ﻟ‬
‫ﻪ‬‫َِ‬
‫ْﺱ‬‫ﺄ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺑ‬
‫ٌ‬
‫ْﺦ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻳﺚ‪،‬ﺷ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬‫ُﺍ‬
‫ِﺢ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﺻ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬‫ُﺍ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ِ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫َ‬
‫‪،‬ﺟ‬
‫ٌ‬
‫ﻭﻕ‬‫ُ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﺻ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻟﺤ‬ ‫ُﺍ‬
‫َﻦ‬‫َﺴ‬
‫ٌﺣ‬‫ْﺦ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫َ‬
‫ٌ‪ ،‬ﺷ‬
‫َﻂ‬‫َﺳ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ٌ‬
‫ِﺢ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ْ‬
‫ﻳ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ُ‬
‫‪،‬ﺻ‬ ‫َ ﷲ‬
‫ﺀ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻥﺷ‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪TheWor‬‬
‫‪dsofJ‬‬
‫‪ar‬‬‫(‪h‬‬
‫‪c‬‬‫‪r‬‬‫‪i‬‬
‫‪t‬‬‫‪i‬‬
‫‪c‬‬‫‪i‬‬‫‪s‬‬
‫)‪m‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺚ‪،‬‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ُﺍ‬‫ﻊ‬
‫َ‬‫َﻀ‬
‫ٌﻳ‬
‫ﺎﻉ‬‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫َﺿ‬
‫ٌ‪،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺏ‬‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺬ‬
‫َ‬‫ٌﻛ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬
‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫َﺟ‬
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻪ‪،‬‬‫ِ‬
‫ﻛ‬‫ْ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺗ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ٌﻋ‬‫َﻖ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺬﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ِ‬
‫ٌﺑ‬‫َﻢ‬
‫ﻬ‬
‫َ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ُ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻪ‪،‬‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﺍﻋ‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﻜ‬‫َ‬
‫ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ِ‬
‫ﺜ‬‫ِ‬
‫ﻴﺲﺑ‬‫ٌ‪،‬ﻟ‬‫ﻭﻙ‬‫ُ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫َ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫‪55The‬‬‫‪s‬‬‫‪ear‬‬
‫‪el‬‬‫‪i‬‬
‫‪s‬‬‫‪t‬‬‫‪ed f‬‬
‫‪r‬‬‫‪om t‬‬
‫‪hewor‬‬
‫‪s‬‬‫‪tt‬‬
‫‪ot‬‬‫‪he‬‬
‫‪l‬‬‫‪i‬‬
‫‪ght‬‬
‫‪es‬‬‫‪t‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
 71

،ٌ
‫ِﻚ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬َ
‫ ﻫ‬،‫ﺮ‬َ
‫َﻈ‬
‫ﻪﻧ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ِ
‫ﻓ‬،‫ﻳﺚ‬ ِ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﻟﺤ‬‫ُﺍ‬
‫ِﺐ‬‫ﺍﻫ‬
‫ﺫ‬
ٌ
‫ﻴﻒ‬ِ
‫ﻌ‬َ
‫ ﺿ‬،‫ِﺸﺊ‬‫ﻴﺲﺑ‬ ‫ﻟ‬،‫ﺓ‬َ
ّ
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﻤ‬ِ
‫ٍﺑ‬
‫ﻩ‬‫ﺍ‬
َ
‫ﻭ‬،ٌ‫ِﻂ‬‫ﻗ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ
‫ﺳ‬
،ُ
‫ْﻒ‬‫ﻌ‬
َ
‫ﻪﺿ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬،ُ
‫َﻒ‬ّ
‫ﻌ‬َ
‫ُﻀ‬‫ﻳ‬،‫ﻩ‬‫ﻮ‬ُ
‫ﻔ‬َ
ّ
‫ﻌ‬َ
‫ ﺿ‬،‫ﺍ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬
،ٍ
‫ﺔ‬َ
ّ
‫ُﺠ‬
‫ِﺤ‬
‫ﻴ ﺲﺑ‬ َ
‫ﻟ‬،ّ
‫ِﻱ‬
‫ﻮ‬َ
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ ﺲﺑ‬‫ﻟ‬،َ
‫ِﻒ‬ّ
‫ﻌ‬
ُ
‫ﺪﺿ‬ ‫ﻗ‬
،ٌ
‫ﺍﻝ‬َ
‫ﻘ‬
َ
‫ﻪﻣ‬ ْ
‫ﻴ‬ِ
‫ﻓ‬،ُ
‫ﺮ‬َ
‫ﻜ‬ْ
‫ﻨ‬ُ
‫ﻳ‬َ
‫ُﻭ‬
‫َﻑ‬‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫ﻌ‬ُ
‫ﻳ‬،َ
‫ﺍﻙ‬‫ﺬ‬ِ
‫ﻴﺲﺑ‬ ‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻻ‬،‫ْﻆ‬‫ﻔ‬ِ
‫ﻟﺤ‬‫ﻴﺊُﺍ‬ َ
‫ ﺳ‬،ٌ
‫ِﻦ‬
ّ
‫ﻴ‬َ
‫ﻟ‬،‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫َﻓ‬‫ّﻢ‬
‫ﻠ‬ُ
‫ﻜ‬ُ
‫ﺗ‬
‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ٌﻟ‬
‫ﻭﻕ‬ ُ
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ ﺻ‬،‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫َﻓ‬‫ِﻒ‬‫ﻠ‬
ُ
‫ﺘ‬ْ
‫ُﺧ‬
‫ﺍ‬،‫ﺑ‬‫ُﻪ‬ّ
‫َﺞ‬‫ﺘ‬
ْ
‫ُﺤ‬‫ﻳ‬
ٌ
‫ِﻉ‬
‫ﺪ‬َ
‫ﺘ‬ْ
‫ﺒ‬
ُ
‫ﻣ‬

Accept
anc
e and Non Ac
cept
anc
e of
Jar
handTa'deel

The J
arh (
Cri
ti
ci
sm) or Ta’
dee
l
(
Jus
tif
icat
ion)t
hati
sex
plai
ned(
Muf
ass
ar)
i
sunani
mous
lyac
cept
ed.Howe
ver
,the
re
i
sadi
ff
ere
nceofopi
nionc
onc
erni
ngt
he
72

v
ali
dit
yoft
hatJ
arh orTa’
dee
lthati
s
ambi
guous(
mubham)
.Thec
orr
ectv
iewi
s
t
hatt
heambi
guousJ
arhi
sunac
cept
abl
e
butTa’
dee
lthati
sambi
guousi
sval
id.Thi
s
i
sthe v
iew oft
he f
oll
owi
ng I
maams
:
Bukhar
i(‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Mus
li
m (
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),
Ti
rmi
dhi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),AbuDawud(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),
Nas
aai(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),I
bnMaaj
ah(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
and t
hemaj
ori
tyoft
heMuhaddi
the
en
(
‫ﻬﻢ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)aswe
llast
heHanaf
iFuqahaa
(
‫ﻬﻢ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).

Condi
ti
ons f
or Ac
cept
ing J
arh and
Ta'
deel

Thef
oll
owi
ngqual
it
ieshav
etobef
ound
i
nthepe
rson who i
sis
sui
ng J
arh and
 73

Ta'
dee
l.

1.Knowl
edgeoft
hisf
iel
d.
2.Pi
ety
3.Abs
tine
nce
4.Tr
uthf
ulne
ss
5.Adam-
e-Ta'
ass
ub (
he mus
t not be
pr
ejudi
ced)
.
6.Hes
houl
dknow t
her
eas
onsf
orJ
arh
andTa'
dee
l.
7.TheJ
aar
ih(
onei
ssui
ngj
arh)mus
tbe
f
ree of Ta'
annut (
obs
tinac
y) and
Tas
haddud(
ext
remi
sm)
.
Ex
ampl
esoft
hos
ewhowe
reMut
a'as
sib
(
pre
judi
ced) i
njar
h:Khat
ib Baghdadi
(
‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
) and I
maam Daar
aqut
ni
(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)
.
74

Ex
ampl
esoft
hos
ewhowe
reMut
a'anni
t
(
obs
tinat
e): I
maams
: I
bnul J
awz
i
(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Umar I
bn Badr Al
-Maws
il
y
(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),Radi
yAl
-Jouz
aqani(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
),
I
bnTay
miy
ah(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)andMaj
dude
enAl
-
Lughawi–aut
horofAl
-Qamus
.

Ex
ampl
es of t
hos
e who we
re
Mut
ashaddi
d (
propone
nt of a s
ter
n
v
iewpoi
nt) ar
eImaams
:Abu Haat
him,
Nas
aai
,Yahy
aibnMa'
een,I
bnulQat
tan,
Yahy
aIbnQat
tan,I
bnHi
bban(
‫ﻬﻢ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
 75

e
tc.

Cont
radi
cti
onsi
nJar
handTa'
deel
I
nthee
ventofac
ont
radi
cti
oni
nJar
hand
Ta’
dee
l c
onc
erni
ng one par
tic
ular
nar
rat
or,t
her
ecanonl
ybef
ours
cenar
ios
:

1)The J
arh and t
he Ta’
dee
l ar
e
ambi
guous
.
2)TheJ
arhi
sambi
guous
,butt
heTa’
dee
l
i
sex
plai
ned.
3)TheJ
arhi
sex
plai
nedbutt
heTa’
dee
lis
ambi
guous
.
4) TheJ
arh and t
heTa’
dee
lar
ebot
h
e
xpl
aine
d.
I
nthef
irs
ttwoc
ase
s,t
heTa’
dee
lwi
llbe
76

pr
efe
rre
d.Andi
nther
emai
ningt
woc
ase
s,
t
heJ
arh wi
llbeac
cept
ed on c
ondi
ti
on
t
hatt
heJ
aar
ih(
theonei
ssui
ngt
heJ
arh)
i
s not mut
’as
sib, mut
ashaddi
d or
mut
a’anni
t.
Not
e:The J
arht
hati
sle
vel
led agai
nst
I
maam Abu Hani
fah (
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)int
he
booksofs
omeofhi
sant
agoni
stsi
stot
all
y
unac
cept
abl
efort
wobas
icr
eas
ons
:
1)I
maam Abu Hani
fah’
s (
‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)
Ta’
dee
l(r
eli
abi
li
ty\
cre
dibi
li
ty)i
smor
e
e
vide
ntt
hant
hes
uni
nbr
oadday
light
,
(
i.
e.knownt
ooneandal
l)
.
2)The
sec
rit
ici
smsar
eei
the
rambi
guous
,
or t
he c
rit
ici
zer
s t
hems
elv
es ar
e
mut
a’as
sib(
pre
judi
ced)
,mut
ashaddi
d
(
toos
ter
n)ormut
a’anni
t(obs
tinat
e).
 77

I
n t
he l
ight of t
he pr
inc
ipl
es
me
nti
one
d abov
e,s
uch c
rit
ici
sms
c
annot be pr
efe
rre
d abov
e any
56
Ta’
dee
l.

10Ramadaan1344A.
H.
(
Moul
ana)Khai
rMuhammadJ
aal
andhr
i
(
‫ﻪﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺣ‬)

Tes
tYour
sel
f:
1.Defi
net
hef
oll
owi
ngandputt
hei
’r
aabon
eac
h:

‫ﻟﺲ‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:
‫ﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻤﻀﻄ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
:

56Al
-Raf
’uWatt
akmeel
 78

‫ﻠﺴﻞ‬
‫ﻤﺴ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:
‫ﻠﻖ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:
‫ﻪ‬
‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺬ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻟﺼﺤ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:

.
2Defi
ne,putthei
’r
aabandprov
ide
ex
ampl esf
orthefol
lowi
ng

‫ﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻤﺤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺤﻒﻭ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻊ‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﺠ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻨﻦ‬
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﺍ‬
(‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
)‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤﺴ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
3.Defi
neAl -
JarhWat-Ta’deel
,provi
de3
ex
ampl esforthewordsusedf ort
he m.Al
so
writ
eonee xampleeachofa:Mut a’anni
t,
MutashaddidandMut a’as
sib:

4.Whyaret
hesixf
amousbooksofHadi
th
l
abe
lle
das:“
TheSihaahs
itt
ah”
?
 79

5.Whati
sther
uli
ngoft
hef
oll
owi
ng?

‫ﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻮﺿ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
:

‫ﻭﻙ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
:

‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺒ‬‫ﻟﺨ‬
‫ﺍ‬
:

Mawdu’
atofI
bnulJ
awz
i(r
.a.
):

Muwat
taI
mam Mal
ik:

SunanIbnMaj
ahNawaadi
rulUs
oolof
Hakeem Ti
rmi
dhi(
r.a.
)

TheJ
arhthati
sle
vel
edagai
nstI
mam Abu
Hani
fah(
r.a.
)?

6.Stat
ewhethe
rthef
oll
owi
ngar
e
tr
ueorfal
se:
80

Ter
m: De
fini
ti
on: T/F:
‫َﻞ‬
‫ﺮﺳ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ Ac
hai
nin whi
cht
he
Sahabii
somi
tt
ed
‫ﻮﻉ‬
ُ
‫ْﻄ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻤ‬َ
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ Thes
tat
eme
nt,ac
tion
e
tc.ofaTabi
’e
‫ﺮ‬
َ
‫ﻜ‬ْ
‫ﻨ‬ُ
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ Thenar
rat
ionofat
hiqah
(
rel
iabl
enar
rat
or)whi
ch
c
ont
radi
ctst
hat oft
he
awt
haq (
mor
ere
liabl
e)
or t
hiqaat (
Plur
al of
t
hiqah)
Mus
nad Al
lit
’snar
rat
ionsar
e
Ahmad s
ahi
h(Aut
hent
ic)
I
mam WasaShaf
i’
e
Ti
rmi
dhi
 81

Fur
therr
eadi
ngmat
eri
al:
Engl
is
h:
1.Gl
imps
esi
ntot
hef
iel
dofhadi
th
t
ermi
nol
ogy
,byt
heTr
ans
lat
or.(
M
Abas
oome
r).
2.‘
UlumulHadi
th,bySh‘
Adi
lAbu
‘
Ais
hah.
3.St
udi
esi
nHadi
thMe
thodol
ogy
andl
it
erat
ure
,byDrMus
tapha
A’
zami
.
Ar
abi
c:
‫ﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻔﻀ‬‫ﻟ‬،‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻧ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨﻈ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺮﺡﺍ‬‫ ﺷ‬.
1
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻳﻦﺭﺣ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﺝ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺪ ﷲﺳ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺦﻋ‬ ‫ﻟﺸ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺮﻫ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺰ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺰ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺪﺍ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺦﻋ‬ ‫ﻠﺸ‬
‫ﻟ‬،‫ﺒﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺮﺍ‬‫ﺛ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ﻛ‬.2
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
‫ﻼﺔ‬
‫ﻌﻣ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻟ‬،
‫ﻪ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻮ‬‫ﺃﺻ‬‫ﻳﺚﻭ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﻠﻢﺍ‬
‫ﺩﻱﻋ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺒ‬‫ﻣ‬.
3
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻧﻲﺭﺣ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺜ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺪﺍ‬‫ﺃﻤ‬
‫ﺮﺣ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﺷ‬
82

Aboutt
heAut
hor
Moul
ana Khai
r Muhammad J
aal
andhr
i
(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
)wasbor
ninJ
aal
andhar
,Indi
ain
t
he y
ear 1895.He l
ear
ntt
he Qur
aan
unde
rthet
utor
shi
pofhi
smat
ernalunc
le,
ShahMuhammad(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).Heobt
aine
d
hi
sce
rti
fi
cat
eofHadi
thf
rom Moul
ana
Muhammad Yaas
in Si
rhi
ndi(
‫ﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
).
Af
tert
eac
hingf
ormanyy
ear
s,hehada
gr
eatur
get
oes
tabl
is
h amadr
asah.He
me
nti
one
d hi
sint
ent
ion t
o Moul
ana
As
hraf ‘
Ali Thanwi (
‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺣ‬
) who
appr
ove
dofi
t.Cons
eque
ntl
yhepl
ace
dhi
s
t
rus
tinAl
lahande
stabl
is
hedamadr
asah
on 19 Shawwaal1349 A.
H.(
1931)i
n
J
aal
andhar
.Af
teri
mmi
grat
ingt
oPaki
stan
i
n 1947,her
e-e
stabl
is
hedt
hei
nst
itut
e:
 83

“
Khai
rulMadaar
is”i
nhi
sne
wlyadopt
ed
c
ity of Mul
tan.Thous
ands of pe
opl
e
be
nef
it
ed f
rom hi
s di
scour
ses and
wr
iti
ngs
,andhef
inal
lyme
thi
sCr
eat
ori
n
57
Sha’
baan,1390A.
H.(
Oct
obe
r1970)

Ex
cer
ptf
rom 57"Emi
nent‘
Ulamaa",pg.
165