‫ﻣﻭﺳﻭﻋﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻃﺎت اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫وﻣﺮاﻛﺰ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ اﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻮل اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻬﻳﻝ ﺭﺳﻼﻥ ﻣﻧﻳﻣﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺭﻭﺗﻲ‬

‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ‬

‫ﻟﻺﻓﺎﺩﺓ ﺧﺎﻟﺹ ﻟﻭﺟﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬

‫‪1‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻣﻠﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﻏﻡ ﻫﻧﺩﺳﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﺎﺋﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻧﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺗﻣﺭﺍﺭﺍ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺑﻧﻳﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 1926‬ﻭﺗﻛﻔﻠﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻠﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ‪.‬ﻭﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫‪ 55‬ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭ‪ 766‬ﻣﺗﺭﺍ ﻣﺭﺑﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﻣﻐﻁﻰ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 18‬ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻭ‪ 250‬ﻣﺗﺭﺍ ﻣﺭﺑﻌﺎ]‪. [1‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻛﺭﺓ ﺇﻧﺷﺎء ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﺻﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ .1912‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺣﻘﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻡ ﻳﺗﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪.1920‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻋﻳﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﺩﻭﺳﻳﻧﻔﺎﻝ ﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺎ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻧﻅﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﻓﻬﺭﺳﺔ ﺭﺻﻳﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻘﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺗﺋﺫ ﺑﺟﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،1926‬ﻭﺑﻣﻘﺗﺿﻰ ﻅﻬﻳﺭ ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﻧﻭﻧﺑﺭ‪،‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻳﺔ ﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ ﻋﻣﻭﻣﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﺟﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻭﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻣﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺗﻣﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﺟﺳﻳﻣﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺣﻔﻅﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺑﻣﻘﺗﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻅﻬﻳﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺫﻛﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻛﺫﺍ ﺃﺻﺑﺣﺕ ﺑﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪ .‬ﺃﻭﺩﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺭﺻﻳﺩ ﺛﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ‪ ،‬ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺣﺗﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻌﻠﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺣﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ .1920‬ﻭﺑﻌﺩ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻏﺗﻧﻰ ﺭﺻﻳﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺧﻭﺍﺹ‪ ..‬ﺍﺳﺗﻣﺭ ﺗﺯﻭﻳﺩ ﺭﺻﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻔﺿﻝ ﺍﻹﻳﺩﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻭﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﺣﺩﺛﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1932‬ﻭﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺑﻔﺿﻝ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺑﺎﺩﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﺧﻼﻝ ﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﻳﻥ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻋﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ..‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻘﻼﻝ ﺩﺧﻠﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﻛ ّﻣﺎ ﻭﻛﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺻﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﻭﺧﺯﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻣﺭﺍﻛﺵ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺗﻬﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛَﻼﻭﻱ]‪. [2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ‬
‫‪http://opac.bnrm.ma:8000/cgi-bin/gw_49_5F/chameleon/?lng=ar‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺇﺩﺭﻳﺳﻲ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺫﺍﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺃﺧﺿﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻣﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ﺝ‪ 2‬ﻁ‪2‬؛ ‪2001‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
5
6
7
8
9
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﻧﺕ‬.1
http://www.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1101960
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬.2
http://www.bnrm.ma/
3. Discover Islamic Art
http://www.discoverislamicart.org/

Bibliothèque Nationale du Royaume du Maroc

Avenue Ibn Khaldoun
Agdal Rabat
Téléphone: (+212) 5 37 77 18 90 (+212)5 37 27 23 00
Fax: (+212) 5 37 77 74 30
Adresse électronique : bnrm@bnrm.ma
.

10
 ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺟﻴﺘﺴﻲ‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻗﻭﻣﻳﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺷﻳﻭﻧﻬﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﺗﺷﻳﻧﻐﻬﺎﻱ ـ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪: http://arabic.cri.cn/801/2010/09/02/364s132922.htm‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻊ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﺑﻤﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻐﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ‪80‬‬
‫ﺃﻟﻒ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺟﺎء ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺄﺻﻮﻝ ﻗﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺇﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺟﺮ ﺃﺳﻼﻑ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺯﻋﻴ َﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﺩ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻼ ﺃﺑﻴﻀﺎ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺻﻮﻟﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺷﻴﻨﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺄﺭﺍﺽ ﺷﺎﺳﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﻧﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻓﺮﺓ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﺧﻀﺮﺍء‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﻰ ﺃﺑﻨﺎء ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﻗﺒﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺩﻓﻨﻮﻫﻤﺎ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺸﺄﻭﺍ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﺍ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺎﻓﻈﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺳﻜﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎء ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺟﻴﻼ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺟﻴﻞ ‪.‬‬

‫‪11‬‬
 ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻕ ﺑﺤﺜﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﻁﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻀﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺗﻴﺎﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻤﺮ ﺟﻴﺎﻳﻮﻗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﻤﺮ ﺧﺸﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺸﻘﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ﻳُﺪﻋﻰ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻐﻬﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 4500‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﻘﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺪﻭﺍ ﻧﺒﻊ ﻣﺎء‬
‫ﻭﺑﺠﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺗﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺣﺠﺮﻱ ﻟﺠﻤﻠﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ ﺗﺤﺠﺮ ﻭﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺗﻤﺜﺎﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ‬

‫‪12‬‬
 ‫ﻭﺟﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺗﺮﺍﺏ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺟﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺸﺒﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺂﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻤﻮﺍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻊ ﺑـ"ﻧﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ‪".‬‬

‫ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻻﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ‪ 800‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺪﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪ 15‬ﺟﺰءﺍ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﻨﻲ ﺑﻮﻳﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 800‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪867‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺂﻛﻠﺖ ﻭﺗﻌﻔﻨﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺪﺕ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ "ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‪".‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻫﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺲ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺷﻴﻮﻧﻬﻮﺍ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ‪ 30‬ﻣﻠﻔﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻏﻼﻓﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ‪ 867‬ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ‪ 12‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﺍﻏﺮﺍﻣﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻻﺭ ﻳﺤﻤﻼﻥ ﻧﺴﺨﺘﻲ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺳﺎﻻﺭ‬

‫‪14‬‬
 :‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺒﺪﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﺿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ‬

: http://arabic.cri.cn/801/2010/09/02/364s132922.htm‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‬:‫ﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‬
http://arabic.china.org.cn/culture/txt/2010-02/10/content_19403927.htm

China Heritage: The Muslim Nations of the North-West

http://chinaheritagequarterly.org/features.php?searchterm=010_ethnic.inc&issue=010

15
 ‫ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ‬
‫ﺳﺗﻭﻛﻬﻭﻟﻡ ـ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩ‬

‫‪Medelhavsmuseet‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺱ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1954‬ﻡ ﻧﺗﻳﺟﺔ ﺇﻧﺩﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﺭﺻﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻱ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻧﺷﻰء ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1928‬ﻟﻌﺭﺽ ﺣﺭﻓﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺟﻣﻌﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻭﻣﻁﻠﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻳﻧﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﺭﺻﻳﺔ ﻧﺗﻳﺟﺔ ﺍﺳﺗﺣﻭﺍﺫ ﺍﻟﺑﻌﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩﻳﺔ ـ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﺭﺻﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻘﻳﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻭﺍﺋﻝ ﺍﻟﺛﻼﺛﻳﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺳﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺳﺗﻭﻛﻬﻭﻟﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺑﻧﻙ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﺷﻳﺩ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،1905‬ﻭﺗﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺑﻁﺭﺍﺯ ﺑﺩﻳﻊ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﻛﻧﺩﻧﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺛﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪16‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺗﺑﺭﺯ ﺗﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻣﻭﺿﺣﺔ ﺃﻫﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻳﻖ ﻭﺗﻌﺭﻳﻔﻪ ﻟﻠﺯﻭﺍﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪17‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://www.medelhavsmuseet.se/
2. Museum with no Frontiers
http://www.discoverislamicart.org/

Address: Fredsgatan 2, 103 21 Stockholm, Sweden

Phone:+46 8 519 550 50
.

18
 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻜﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ "ﺇﻳﻐﻮﺭﻱ" ﻓﻲ ﺧﻮﺗﺎﻥ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﻐﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺧﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻭﻳﻐﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺭﺣﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻫﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺷﻴﻨﺠﻴﺎﻧﻎ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﻐﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ‪ .‬ﺃﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻱ ﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ ،1269‬ﺃﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 730‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺥ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ‪ 25‬ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮﺍ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻪ ‪ 19‬ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺪ ﻣﻐﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺑﺠﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻟﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻁﻴﺒﺔ ﺗﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺳﻤﻲ "ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺫﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻁﺮ"‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﻐﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ‬
‫ﻣﺰﺧﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎء ﻗﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﻐﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪19‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﻻﻳﻐﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﺠﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻝ "ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻁﺮ" ﺑﺎﻗﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﺜﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﺸﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻋﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺑﻤﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺧﺒﺮﺍء‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺋﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺭﺅﺳﺎء ﺩﻭﻝ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﺛﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻫﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻬﻢ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺃﺛﺮﺍ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺎ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺎ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻺﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ ﺗﺸﻴﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻧﻎ )‪ (1795-1736‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻎ )‪1911 – 1644‬ﻡ( ﺯﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺤﻈﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﻴﺮﺧﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺑﺮﺧﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺘﺎﺓ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺷﻴﻨﺠﻴﺎﻧﻎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭﻱ ﺗﻜﺮﻳﻤﺎ ﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﻫﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺮﺏ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺮﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺧﻮﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻴﻨﺠﻴﺎﻧﻎ‪ .‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺟﺴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﻳﻔﻮﺡ ﺑﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻋﻄﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﺤﻬﺎ ﻟﻘﺐ "ﺍﻟﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﺓ"‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﺍ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺛﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﺎ ﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫‪20‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻻﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ ﺗﺸﻴﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻧﻎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ‬

‫ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺇﻥ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺧﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ ﺗﺸﻴﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻧﻎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﻈﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 250‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪21‬‬
 ‫ﻏﻼﻑ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﻦ ﺃﺗﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ؟ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺳﺨﻬﺎ؟ ﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻧﺴﺨﺖ؟ ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻔﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻼﻓﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﺎﺩﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪" :‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺱ ﻫﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭ"‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻐﻠﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺠﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺦ ﻧﺼﻮﺻﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺧﺮﺓ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﻟﻸﺳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪22‬‬
 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 30‬ﺟﺰءﺍ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ‪36‬ﺳﻢ × ‪26‬ﺳﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻔﻮﻑ ﺑﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﻣﻘﺼﺐ ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺮ ﻣﻠﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺪﺓ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻫﻮﺍﻣﺶ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺰﺩﺍﻧﺔ ﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺯﺍﻫﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻣﻄﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻐﻠﻴﻒ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺪﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻐﻼﻑ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻴﺸﻴﻪ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻎ )‪1911 – 1644‬ﻡ( ﻗﺪﻡ ﺩﻭ ﻭﻥ ﺷﻴﻮ )‪1872 – 1827‬ﻡ( ﺯﻋﻴﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﻔﺎﺿﺔ ﻗﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻫﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺼﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﺿﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎ ﺑﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻴﺸﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺳﺲ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻎ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻛﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪23‬‬
 ‫ﻏﻼﻑ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻴﺸﻴﻪ‬

‫ﺛﻼﺛﻮﻥ ﺟﺰءﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺻﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻴﺸﻴﻪ‬

‫‪24‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﻣﺎﺋﺘﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﻊ ﻭﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﺮﺓ )‪ 1862‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻳﺔ( ﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ )ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺸﻴﻪ(‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺤﻒ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻤﻠﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ "ﺑﺎﻭ ﻣﻴﻨﻎ ﺗﺸﻦ ﺟﻴﻨﻎ" ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟ ِﺴ ْﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ 30‬ﺟﺰءﺍ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ "ﻧﻘﺶ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭ"‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﻄﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﻔﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 1872‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﺟﻴﺶ ﺃﺳﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻴﻨﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺗﺖ ﻧﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻴﺸﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻗﺖ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻁﺒﻌﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺃﺭﺟﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻤﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻳﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺣﺪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﺎﺯﺍﻝ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ـ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‬
‫‪http://arabic.china.org.cn/culture/txt/2010-02/10/content_19403927.htm‬‬

‫‪25‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﺔ ﺃﻭﺑﺳﺎﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺑﺳﺎﻻ ـ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩ‬

‫‪Uppsala universitetsbibliotek‬‬

‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻟﻳﻧﺎ ﺭﻳﺩﻳﻔﻳﻔﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺗﺄﻟﻑ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻭﺑﺳﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺳﻌﺔ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﺭﻋﻳﺔ ﺃﻛﺑﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻟﻳﻧﺎ ﺭﻳﺩﻳﻔﻳﻔﺎ ‪Carolina Rediviva‬ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺑﻧﻲ ﺑﻳﻥ ‪ 1816‬ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ‪1841‬ﻡ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺣﺗﺿﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 5.2‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻭﻧﺷﺭﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 61959‬ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻭ ‪ 7133‬ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻭﺳﻳﻘﻳﺔ ﻭ‬
‫‪ 345734‬ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺔ ﺑﻳﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺳﺗﻔﻳﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 14000‬ﻧﺷﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺭﻭﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪26‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﻟﻳﻧﺎ ﺭﻳﺩﻳﻔﻳﻔﺎ ﻳﻭﺟﺩ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻗﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺟﻠﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻳﺩﻳﻭﻥ ﻟﺑﻼﺩﻫﻡ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺭﺣﻼﺗﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻌﺛﺎﺗﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻧﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﺗﻳﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺯﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺑﺭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺭﺓ ﺃﺷﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﺩﺳﺗﻳﻧﺎ ‪Vadstena‬ﻭﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﻫﻭﺟﻧﺳﻳﻠﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻳﻠﻛﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1605‬ﻡ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪520‬ﻋﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪305‬ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ‬
‫‪460‬ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 50‬ﻋﺑﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺁﺭﺍﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 75‬ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺛﻳﻭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﻗﻠﻳﻝ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻣﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻐﻭﻟﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻠﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﻧﺳﻛﺭﻳﺗﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻣﻳﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻳﺑﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺣﺭﻙ ﺑﺣﺙ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‬

‫‪http://waller.ub.uu.se/‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺎﻟﻭﺟﺎﺕ‬
‫‪http://www.ub.uu.se/en/Search/Manuscripts/‬‬

‫‪27‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ‬
Tornberg, C. J., Codices arabici, persici et turcici Bibliothecae Regiae Universitatis Upsaliensis. Uppsala, 1849.

Zetterstéen, K. V., Verzeichnis der hebräischen und aramäischen Handschriften der Kgl. Universitätsbibliothek
zu Uppsala. Lund, 1900.

Zetterstéen, K. V., Die arabischen, persischen und türkischen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek zu Uppsala. 2 vol.
Uppsala, 1930-1935.

Löfgren, Oscar, Katalog über die äthiopischen Handschriften in der Universitätsbibliothek Uppsala sowie
Anhänge über äthiopische Handschriften in anderen Bibliotheken und in Privatbesitz in Schweden. Stockholm, 1974.

Eimer, Helmut, Tibetica Upsaliensia : Handliste der tibetischen Handschriften und Blockdrucke in der Universitätsbibliothek
zu Uppsala. Uppsala, 1975.

Lewin, Bernhard & Oscar Löfgren, Catalogue of the Arabic manuscripts in the Hellmut Ritter Microfilm Collection of the
Uppsala University Library : including later accessions. Edited by Mikael Persenius. Uppsala, 1992.

:‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
(‫)ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺗﻭﻓﺭﺓ‬

. ‫ﻡ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻊ‬1090 ‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﺅﺭﺥ ﺳﻧﺔ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬.1
http://www.ub.uu.se/
‫ ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﻳﺎ‬.2
Uppsala University Library

Address: Biskopsgatan 3, 753 10 Uppsala, Sweden

Phone:+46 18 471 00 00
.

28
 ‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﺎ ّﻣـﺎ ﺣﻳﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﺫﻛﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻣﺑﻭﻛﺗﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻭﻓﺳﻭﺭ ﺟﻭﻥ ﻫﺎﻧﻭﻳﻙ ‪John O. Hunwick‬ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﻭﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺒﻮﻛﺘﻮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻣﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍء ﻅﻠﺖ ﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 600‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻳﺎ ﻫﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍء‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺗﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺳﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﻣﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﺫﺍﻉ ﺻﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺟﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍ ﻫﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ ﺷﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻧﻮﺍﺣﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪29‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﻔﻅ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://eatarf242.blogspot.com/2007_12_01_archive.html‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪ 120‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 22‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﻤﺒﻮﻛﺘﻮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﺪﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺃﻓﺘﺘﺤﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺭ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 2000‬ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺃﻧﺪﺭﻭ ﻣﻴﻠﻮﻥ ‪The Andrew Mellon Foundation‬ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎء ﺃﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺤﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪15/5/2009‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺭﻭﺑﺭﺕ ﺟﻭﻟﺩﻭﺍﺗﺭ‪Robert Goldwater Library‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﻀﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 9000‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻭﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺭﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﺍﺭﺛﺘﻪ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺣﻴﺪﺭﺓ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻭﺗﻜﻠﻠﺖ ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻟﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻧﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧﻐﺮﺱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻣﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﻐﺭﺱ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺩﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫‪http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=3399‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺗﻣﺑﻭﻛﺗﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﻐﺭﺱ )ﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﺗﻌﺭﻳﻑ(‬

‫‪http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mali/mali-exhibit.html‬‬

‫ﻛﺗﺎﻟﻭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺔ‬

‫‪http://www.al-furqan.com/en/category/publications/catalogues?page=1‬‬

‫ﻭﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺷﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺗﻭﻏﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻭﺻﻠﺕ ﺣﺩﻳﺛﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫‪31‬‬
‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻣﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪Source www.flickr.com/photos/goldwaterlibrary/‬‬

‫‪32‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺧﻁﻲ ﺍﻗﺗﻧﺎﻩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﺟﺎﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺣﻳﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﺩﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬
Source http://rs6.loc.gov/intldl/malihtml/about.html

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
1. Mamma Haidara Library
http://www.sum.uio.no/research/mali/timbuktu/privates/mamma/index.html
‫ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺭﺍء‬:‫ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﻐﺭﺱ‬.2
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mali/mali-overview.html
‫ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺟﺎﻛﺳﻭﻥ‬.3
www.muslimmuseum.org/ProjectTeam.aspx

33
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ ـ ﺗﻭﻧﺱ‬

‫ﺗﺯﺧﺭ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘﻑ ﺷﺎﻣﺧﺔ ﺷﺎﻫﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺭﺍﻗﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺣﺻﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻳﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩّﻻﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻷﻏﺎﻟﺑﺔ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺷﻬﺩ ﺗﻬﻳﺋﺔ ﺟﻧﺎﺡ ﺛﺎﻥ ﻳﺿّﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻟﻸﺧﺷﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺷﻭﺍﻫﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﻭﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﺎ ﺑﺣﻔﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺻﺑﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻣﻳﻳﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﺣﺗﻔﺎﻅﻪ ﺑﻠﻔﻳﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﻼﺣﻅ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺋﺭ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﺿﺎء ﺧﺎ ّ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﻘﻭﺩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺳ ّﻛﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺔ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺧﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺫﺍﻛﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺑﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻣﻲ ‪،‬ﻭ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﻳﺩﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺗﺅﻛﺩ ﺃ ّﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﻔﺗﺣﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﺎﺩﻳﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺷﻭﻓﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺷﻔﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻌﻳﻥ ﺳﺟﻼﺕ ﻣﺗﺑﺎﻳﻧﺔ ﻭﻣﺗﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﻥ ﺗﻧﺳﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻔﺗﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻛﻝ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﺎﺋﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺗﻌﺗﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺋﺭ ﻷﺭﻭﻗﺔ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ ﻋﺩّﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺷﺏ ﻭ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺣﺭﺍﺏ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺑﺔ ﺑﻥ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺻﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﺭﻭﻧﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻧﻭﺱ‬‫ﻭ ﻗﺩ ﺣﺭﺹ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻓﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻁﻌﻳﻣﻪ ﺑﻘﻁﻊ ﺛﻣﻳﻧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻠّﻭﺭ ّ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺯ ﺑﻥ ﺑﺎﺩﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺗﻣﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻳﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻟﻸﻣﻳﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﻭ ﺗﺳﺎﻓﻳﺭ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻏﻼﻑ ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ّ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻳﺣﻔﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺑﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻧﺳﻭﺧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ّ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭ ﻟﻠﻣﻳﻼﺩ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﺧﻁﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺣﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 263‬ﻫـ]‪. [1‬‬

‫ﻭﺗ ّﻡ ﻳﻭﻡ ‪ 2‬ﺩﻳﺳﻣﺑﺭ ]‪ [2009‬ﺑﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺡ ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ‬

‫‪34‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﻲ »ﻗﻧﻁﺭﺓ« ﺗﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ« ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻭﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﻊ ﺳﺕ ﻣﺩﻥ ﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﻳﺔ ﻳﺗﻭﺍﺻﻝ ﻁﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﺷﻬﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻣﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﻻﺗﺣﺎﺩ ﺍﻻﻭﺭﻭﺑﻲ ﻭﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ ﻫﻭ ﺛﻣﺭﺓ ﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﺷﺗﺭﻙ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﻲ )ﺃﻭﺭﻭﻣﻳﺩ ﻫﻳﺭﻳﺗﺎﺝ( ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ ﺑﺑﺎﺭﻳﺱ ﻭﻣﺩﻳﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﺍﺋﺭ ﻓﻠﺑﻧﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻭﺗﻭﻧﺱ ﻭﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ »ﺍﻻﺭﺙ ﺍﻻﻧﺩﻟﺳﻲ«‬
‫)ﻟﻳﻐﺎﺩﻭ ﺍﻧﺩﻟﺳﻲ( ﺑﺎﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻭﺣﺿﻭﺭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺩﻣﺷﻖ‪ ...‬ﺍﻟﺣﺿﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻭﻧﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺯﺍ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 15‬ﺑﺎﺣﺛﺎ ﻭﺃﻛﺎﺩﻳﻣﻳﺎ‪ ...‬ﻭﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺎﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺳﺕ ﻣﺩﻥ ﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻥ ﺫﺍﺗﻪ ﻣﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺩﻳﺳﻣﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻭﻓﻰ ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪. [2]2009‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬

‫ﻲ‪ .‬ﺃ ّﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﺗﺒﻖ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺮﺍ ﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 10‬ﻛﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗ ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺗﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍء ّ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻲ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻻّ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻆ‪ ،‬ﺗ ّﻢ ﺇﺩﻣﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﻨﺘﺰﻩ ﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 20‬ﻫﻜﺘﺎﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴّﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺭﺋﺎﺳ ّ‬
‫ﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻮﻧﺲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘ ّ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻲ ﺭﺍﺋﻊ ﺃﻧﺠﺰ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ‪ ، 50/1‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺼﺖ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺧﺸﺒ ّ‬
‫ﻱ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺰﺍﺋﺮ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﺎﻟﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺼ ّﻐﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺌﺬﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ّ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮﺍﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻠﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻫﺎ ّﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻔ ّﺨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴّﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ(‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴّﺔ )ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ( ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺗّﻴﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ ﺭ ّﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺻﺒﺮﺓ )ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻥ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴّﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺘّﺔ ﻗﺮﻭﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺛ ّﻢ ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻫﺎ ّﻣﺔ ﺟﺪّﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺃ ّﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﻤﻞ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴ ّﻤﺎﺓ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒّﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﻠﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺪ ّﻗﺔ ﺯﺧﺎﺭﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻴﻖ ﺯﺟﺎﺟﻴّﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﺷﺮﺍﻓﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺰﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺛﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ّ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻨﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻕ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﺎﻗﺔ ﺧﻄﻮﻁﻬﺎ ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺛﺮﺍء ﻣﻨﻤﻨﻤﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣ ّﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﻨﺰﺍ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺪّﺭ ﺑﺜﻤﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬
‫ﻲ ﺗﺪﻋﻤﻪ ﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻳﺔٍ‪ .‬ﺃ ّﻣﺎ ﺑُﺮﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﺮﺑﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻳﺘّﺠﻪ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴ ٌﻞ ﻳﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟ ّ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻠﻴﺰ ﻳﻤﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺆﺩّﻱ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺳﻘﻴﻔﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺴّﻄﺢ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺪّﻫﻠﻴﺰ ﺍﻷﻳﻤﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻋﺮﻳﺾ ﻳﻘﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫‪35‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻓﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻦ ﺑﺎﻵﺟﺮ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺟﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﺨﺰﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‪ّ ،‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﺨﻠﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺠﻠﺐ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻄﻮﺡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺼّﺤﻦ ﻭﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻵﺟﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺮ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣ ّﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻌﺮﺍﺓ‪ .‬ﺃﺿﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍﺗﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻟﺴﺪّ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳ ّ‬
‫ُﻈﻠﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺍﻟ ُﻤ ّ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻘﺖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ ُﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺑﺮﺍﺝ ﺃﺣﻴﺎ ًﻧﺎ ُﻣﻜ ّ ِﻮ َﻧﺔ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﺘﺠﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺠ ٍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺑﻂ‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘُﻤِ ﺪَ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻗﺼﺮ ﺭﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﺍﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻦ ﺍﻟ ّﻨﻲء ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﻤﺖ ﺃﺳﺴﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻉٍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺎﺏ ُﺟ ِﻌ َﻠﺖ ّ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﻴ ٍﺔ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺧﻄﻮﻁٍ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔٍ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻭ ِﺟﺪَﺕ ﺃﻳــﻀًﺎ ﺑﻌــﺾ ﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﺟﺼﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤــﻠﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺧـــﻀﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ‪ُ .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻟﻴﺞ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻖ‬‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ‪ .‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ُﻭ ِﺟﺪَ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺟﻞ ّ‬ ‫ﺗُﻤﺜّﻞ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻭﻫــــﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﺭﺓ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ّ‬
‫ﺻ ِﻨ َﻊ ﺑﺈﻓﺮﻳﻘـــﻴﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻟﻴﺞ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳُﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻟــﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﻤﺤﺮﺍﺏ ﺟﺎﻣــــﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺮﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣ ّﻤﺎ ﻳﺆﻳّﺪ ﺍﻟﻨــﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻠﺔ ّ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺰﻟﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﻮﺑًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ ٌ ّ‬
‫ﺼﺤﻦ ﻷﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺮ »ﻋﺮﻭﺑﺔ ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟ ّ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ّ‬
‫ﻣﺮ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﻲ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ُ‬ ‫ﻳﻜ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫«‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮ‬ ‫»‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫«‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﺨﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻛﻌﺎﺩﺗﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻮﺗﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻁﻌﻨﻮﻫﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺗﻼﻥ ﻭﻁﻌﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻤﺎﺗﺎ ﻭﻣﻜﺜﺎ ﺻﺮﻳﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎ ّﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭﺭﺍء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺮ]‪. [3‬‬

‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪: Museum with no Frontiers‬‬
‫‪http://www.discoverislamicart.org/‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ‪20-10‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﻠﺩ ﻭﻣﻁﻠﻊ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ /‬ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﻠﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪36‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﺧﻁ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﻳﻭﻧﺱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺗﻲ ﻟﻘﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﺟﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺷﻬﻳﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻣﻭﺯﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺗﻰ ﺃﻧﺣﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬

‫‪37‬‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬:‫ ﻷﺟﻣﻝ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺩﻧﻳﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺭ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ‬Corbis ‫ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ ﻣﻥ‬
: http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rights -managed/42-16047706/koran-with-gold-script-on-blue-dyed-‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬
parchment/?tab=details&caller=search

‫ ﻣﺑﺣﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺗﺻﻧﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬:‫ﺍﻧﻅﺭ‬

‫ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺿﻭﻉ‬472 – 470 ‫ ﻣﺷﺎﺭﻛﺎﺕ‬24 ‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
2009 ‫ ﻋﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‬:‫ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻥ‬.1
http://www.kairouan-cci2009.nat.tn/
‫ ﻣﻠﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺎﻓﺔ ـ ﺿﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻛﺭ‬.2
http://www.essahafa.info.tn/archives/archvies_dhad/39/article5.html
‫ ﻣﻧﺗﺩﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﻭﻧﻳﺯﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺕ‬.3
http://www.tunisia-sat.com/vb/showthread.php?t=257960
‫ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﻧﺳﻳﺔ‬.4
http://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/eng/musees/raqqada.php
5. Museum with no Frontiers
www.discoverislamicart.org

38
 ‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﻐﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺷﻧﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‬

‫‪The Library of Congress‬‬

‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ ﺟﻔﺮﺳﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬

‫ﺗﺗﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﺷﻧﻁﻥ ﺩﻱ ﺳﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﺑﻣﺭﺳﻭﻡ ﺭﺳﻣﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1800‬ﻣﻳﻼﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺱ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ ﺟﻭﻥ ﺁﺩﺍﻣﺯ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻧﻭﻥ ﻟﻧﻘﻝ ﻛﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻓﻳﻼﺩﻟﻔﻳﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﺷﻧﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻳﻧﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺭﺟﻌﺎ ﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺧﺻﺹ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻳﻧﻪ ﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﻟﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﺭﺃﺳﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻅﻝ ﻣﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﺣﺗﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1814‬ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺯﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﻭﻥ ﺑﺈﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﻓﺄﺣﺭﻗﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﻳﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺭ ﻭﺧﻼﻝ ﺷﻬﻭﺭ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻘﺎﻋﺩ ﺗﻭﻣﺎﺱ ﺟﻳﻔﺭﺳﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺑﺭﻉ ﺑﻣﻛﺗﺑﺗﻪ ﻟﺗﻌﻭﻳﺽ ﺍﻟﺩﻣﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﻳﻔﺭﺳﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺣﺻﻳﻠﺔ ﺧﻣﺳﻳﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻧﺎﻭﻳﻥ ﻭﺗﺿﻡ ﻛﺗﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺗﻰ ﺷﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺦ‪...‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1815‬ﻗﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﻳﻔﺭﺳﻭﻥ ﻭﻋﻭﺿﻪ ﻋﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻣﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 23950‬ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺗﺿﻡ ‪ 6487‬ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺎ ﻭﺗﻡ‬

‫‪39‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻡ ‪ ،1864‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻳﺔ ﺣﺗﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1897‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﻌﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻳﻧﺳﻭﻳﺭﺙ ﺭﺍﻧﺩ ﺳﺑﺎﻓﻭﺭﺩ ﻛﻣﺳﺅﻭﻝ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﺗﻁﻭﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺳﺅﻭﻝ ﺣﻘﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﻟﻳﻑ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﻣﺭ ﻛﻝ ﻛﺎﺗﺏ ﻭﻣﺅﻟﻑ‬
‫ﻳﺭﻳﺩ ﺗﺳﺟﻳﻝ ﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺭﺳﻝ ﻧﺳﺧﺗﻳﻥ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﺄﺻﺑﺢ ﻟﺩﻳﻪ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺗﺭﺓ ﻭﺟﻳﺯﺓ ﻋﺷﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻵﻻﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺳﺟﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺳﻳﻘﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺅﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﺑﺗﻐﻳﻳﺭ ﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻡ ﺗﻌﺩ ﺗﺗﺳﻊ ﻟﻠﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﺄﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﺟﺭﺱ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 1873‬ﺑﺑﻧﺎء ﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻧﻭﺍ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻬﻧﺩﺳﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﻻﺧﺗﻳﺎﺭ ﺃﻓﺿﻝ ﺷﻛﻝ ﻫﻧﺩﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1886‬ﺗﻡ ﺇﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻋﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺳﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺳﻣﻳﺙ ﻭﺑﻭﻝ ﺑﻳﻠﺯ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺟﻬﻭﺩ ﻣﺿﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺫﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﺎﺗﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﻳﻳﻝ ﻓﻭﺭﻫﻳﺯ ﻣﻥ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺇﻧﺩﻳﺎﻧﺎ ﻭﺟﺳﺗﻭﻥ ﻣﻭﺭﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﻓﻳﺭﻣﻭﻧﺕ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺑﺩﺅﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﻣﺷﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺧﻣﺳﻳﻥ ﻣﺻﻣﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺳﺎﻣﺎ ﻭﻓﻧﺎﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻳﻛﻭﺭ ﺑﻘﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻳﺭﺱ ﻛﻳﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻥ ﻧﻭﻓﻣﺑﺭ ‪ 1897‬ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺣﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭ ﻟﺗﺻﺑﺢ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺏ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﻡ ﻣﻔﺗﻭﺣﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺎﻟﻌﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻟﻠﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ‪ ,‬ﺗﺿﻡ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﻳﻥ ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻥ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 29‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻛﻝ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻭﺝ ﻭﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺔ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻌﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻭﺳﺗﻳﻥ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 58‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻭﺛﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﺭﺟﻊ ﻟﻠﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻘﻭﻗﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺯﻭﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺳﻳﻘﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻳﻔﻭﻕ ‪ 54‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪40‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺝ‬
‫‪http://catalog.loc.gov‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ‪ 11‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ‪ 18-13‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻭﻳﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫‪41‬‬
 ‫‪---‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺷﺭ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ‪ 100-94‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺎء ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻗﻲ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪42‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ‪ 69-68‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺋﺩﺓ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ‪1350-1250‬ﻡ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪43‬‬
 ‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺭﺍء ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻘﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺛﻠﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ ﺑﻳﻥ ‪1350-1250‬ﻡ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪44‬‬
 ‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻫﻧﺩﻱ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﻬﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻳﻥ ‪1525-1400‬ﻡ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﻧﺔ ‪ 59-93‬ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻘﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ‪15-14‬ﻡ‬

‫‪45‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬.1
http://www.loc.gov/
‫ ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﺍ >ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻧﻐﺭﺱ‬.2

Phone: (202) 707-5000

Address: 101 Independence Ave SE, Washington, DC 20540, United States
.

46
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧﻐﺮﺱ‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ‪ 45‬ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ‪15-14‬ﻡ‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪47‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ‪15-14‬ﻡ‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪48‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎء ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪1600-1550‬ﻡ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪49‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫‪50‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻐﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫)ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺻﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﺣﻘﻳﻘﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1924‬ﺍﻱ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ ﺑﺳﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﺛﻼﺙ ‪.‬ﺑﺎﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺱ ﺑﻳﻝ ﻣﻧﺩﻭﺑﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻣﺕ ﻣﺗﺣﻔﺎ ً ﺻﻐﻳﺭﺍ ً ﻟﻼﺛﺎﺭﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺻﻐﻳﺭﺓ ﻋﺭﺿﺕ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﻛﻝ ﺍﻻﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺣﻭﺯﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺗﺗﺳﺗﻠﻣﻬﺎ ﻛﻬﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺭﺟﺎﻻﺕ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﻳﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻧﺎﻳﺔ ﺻﻐﻳﺭﺓ ﻫﻳﺎﻻﺧﺭﻯ ﺗﻘﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺑﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﺭﺻﺎﻓﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﺭﺿﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺱ ﺑﻳﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺛﺎﺭﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺑﺣﻭﺯﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺣﻛﻲ ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﺿﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﺩﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﺛﻡ ﺗﻭﺳﻌﺕ ﻫﺫﻫﺎﻟﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻬﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺍﻏﺩﻗﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻬﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻧﺿﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺳﺗﻣﺭ ﺍﻻﺧﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺷﺧﺻﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺭﻓﺩﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺣﺗﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ‪ 490‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻧﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1965‬ﺍﻧﺷﺋﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺗﻘﻼﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻳﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻁﺑﻘﺎﺕ؛ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺳﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺗﺎﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻳﻧﻲ ﻭﺁﺧﺭ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺩ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺗﻁﻭﺭﺗﺎﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺳﺭﻳﻊ ﺇﺫ ﺗﻡ ﺭﻓﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺧﺹ ﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﺳﺎﺳﺔﺍﻟﻣﺭﻣﻭﻗﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻝ ﻫﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻣﻠﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻫﺩﻳﺔ ﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ ﻋﻅﻳﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺄﻥ ﺗﺗﺄﻟﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔﺍﻟﺣﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺟﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻱ ﺍﻻﺏ ﺍﻧﺳﺗﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻣﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺿﻡ ﺍﻵﻻﻑ ﻣﻧﺎﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ ﺣﺎﺯﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1950‬ﻭﻫﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1946‬ﻭﻫﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﻭﺍﻣﻬﺎ ‪ 213‬ﻣﺟﻠﺩﺍ ً ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎً‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔﺍﻻﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻﺣﻘﺎ ً‬
‫ﺿﻣﺕ ﺍﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻋﺑﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﺍﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﻭﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺻﻁﻔﻰ ﺟﻭﺍﺩ ﺭﺣﻣﻬﻣﺎ ﷲ‪.‬‬

‫‪51‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪2003‬‬

‫ﺗﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺋﻊ ﻟﻣﺩﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻻﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻛﻭﺭﻛﻳﺱ ﻋﻭﺍﺩ؛ ﺇﺫﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺣﻘﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﻟﺑﻌﺽ ﻛﺗﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺗﻪ‪" :‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ ﻣﺎﺿﻳﻬﺎﻭﺣﺎﺿﺭﻫﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻧﺫﻛﺭ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻻﻣﻳﻥ ﺍﻳﺿﺎً؛ ﻟﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻟﺣﺗﻰ ﻭﺻﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺍﻻﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺗﺿﻡ ﺑﺣﺩﻭﺩ ‪ 233‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻣﺎﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺳّﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﻥ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻗﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻻﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔﻭﻗﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻬﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺧﺗﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ؛ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻫﻣﻬﺎ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ‬
‫"ﻣﺧﺗﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺁﺷﻭﺭ "ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻧﺩﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1866‬ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﻪ ﺭﺍﻭﻟﻧﺳﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻔﻳﺭﺍ ً ﻟﺑﻠﺩﻩ ﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻓﻳﺎﻟﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻔﺗﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ‪ ،1855 – 1852‬ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻧﺷﺭ ﺍﻛﺗﺷﺎﻓﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻌﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻳﻭﻳﺔﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺗﺎﺏ ‪"History of‬‬
‫"‪Esarhaddon‬ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﺳﺭﺣﺩﻭﻥ ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﻪ ﺍﺭﻧﺳﺕ ﻟﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1880‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﺍﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻘﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻻﻭﺍﺋﻝ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ ﺁﺷﻭﺭ ﻭﻧﻳﻧﻭﻯ ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺗﻬﻠﻳﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﺑﻭﺗﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻑ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1898‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺑﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺩﺭ ﺑﺛﻣﻥ؛ ﻟﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻏﻠﺏ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔﺍﻻﻟﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﺿﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺳﻳﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﻧﻛﻠﻳﺯﻳﺔ ﻣﻣﺎ ﻳﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺣﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﺩﺍﻭﻟﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺿﻠﻌﻳﻥ ﺑﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ]‪. [1‬‬

‫ﺟﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺭﻭﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ‬

‫‪http://www.virtualmuseumiraq.cnr.it/homeENG.htm‬‬

‫ﻧﻬﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ )ﻓﻳﺩﻳﻭ(‬

‫‪http://www.baghdadmuseum.org/index_07looting.htm‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ ﻗﺭﺍﺑﺔ ‪ 220‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺻﻭﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺭﺍﺑﺔ ‪ 15‬ﺃﻟﻔﺎ ﻟﻡ ﻳﻌﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﻭﻯ ‪ 4000‬ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻘﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻅﻠﺕ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﺳﺭﻭﻗﺔ]‪. [2‬‬

‫‪52‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺗﻭﻓﺭﺓ(‬

‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺭﻗﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻬﺟﺭﺓ ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 30‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ) ‪ 25‬ﻓﻲ ‪ 10‬ﺳﻡ‬
‫( ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ) ﻳﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺳﺭﻛﻳﺱ ( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ) ﻧﺎﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﺷﺑﻧﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ) ﺳﻭﻣﺭ ‪) .. 35 : 12‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻟﻠﻬﺟﺭﺓ ) ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 25‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ( ﺣﻔﻅﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻣﻠﻑ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﻬﺎ ‪..‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻁﺎﺱ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻟﻠﻬﺟﺭﺓ ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 30‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ) ‪ 29‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪ 19‬ﺳﻡ (‪.‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻓﻌﻰ ﻣﺩﺑﻭﻍ ﻻ ﻳﺗﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﻗﻁﺭﻩ ﺍﻧﺷﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺩﺍ‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﻳﺣﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺑﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ ﺻﻧﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺟﺭﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻧﺧﻝ ﻭﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1111‬ﻫـ ﻳﺗﺄﻟﻑ ﻣﻥ ‪ 1118‬ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻧﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻲ ﻭﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ‬
‫ﻫﻧﺩﺳﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﺑﺎﺗﻳﺔ ﺭﺳﻣﺕ ﺑﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻳﻧﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺃﺳﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﻲ ـ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ‪ :‬ﻋﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺟﻼﻟﻪ‬
‫‪http://www.iraqcp.org/members3/0050621asasd.htm‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ >ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓﺔ >ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪2008‬‬

‫‪http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/59F0B05D-70DC-4FE1-B173-BA9066339CC3.htm‬‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫‪53‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻳﻣﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‬

‫ﺗﺄﺳﺱ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1934‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻳﻣﻭﺭ ﺑﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﻣﺭﻳﻼﻧﺩ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻟﻳﻡ ﺗﻭﻣﺳﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ )‪ (1894-1819‬ﻭﺇﺑﻧﻪ ﻫﻧﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ )‪ .(1931-1848‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ ﺍﻻﺏ ﻗﺩ ﺷﺭﻉ ﺑﺎﻗﺗﻧﺎء ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻧﺩ‬
‫ﺭﺣﻳﻠﻪ ﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻳﺔ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻧﺩﻻﻉ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻳﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺑﻥ ﺑﺈﺛﺭﺍء ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﺧﺻﺹ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺢ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1909‬ﻓﻲ ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﺗﺷﺎﺭﻟﺯ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻧﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻫﺏ ﻭﻫﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻥ ‪22000‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻳﻣﻭﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪54‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬

‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻧﻳﺔ ﺗﻣﺛﻝ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻋﺻﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺑﻝ ﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﻣﺻﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‪:‬‬

‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻵﺳﻳﻭﻱ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺳﻁﻰ‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻥ ﻋﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻧﻬﺿﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﺎﺭﻭﻙ‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻧﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺣﺗﺿﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﻳﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻭﻟﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫‪55‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻋﺑﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪56‬‬
‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻘﻖ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪802‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺗﺷﻳﺭ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻭﻗﻑ ﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻣﻠﻭﻛﻲ ﺍﻳﻁﻣﻳﺵ‬
‫ﻟﻣﺩﺭﺳﺗﻪ ﺑﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻳﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪57‬‬
‫ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻧﺑﺄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻟﺟﺯء ﻋﻡ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺧﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻘﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺛﻠﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪58‬‬
59
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻔﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺎﻣﻝ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1230‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪60‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﻪ ﻣﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺷﺎﻩ ﺑﻥ ﻗﻁﺏ ﺃﺣﺩ ﺗﻼﻣﻳﺫ ﻳﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻌﺻﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻧﺔ ‪723‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪61‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﻑ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﻠﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬
‫‪http://thewalters.org/‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻧﻅﺭ‪ :‬ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺯ‪ :‬ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺗﻧﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻳﻊ‬

‫‪http://www.kuwaitagenda.com/ar/dinning/recipes/646.html‬‬

‫‪Address: 600 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States‬‬

‫‪Phone:+1 410-547-9000‬‬

‫‪62‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﺔ ﺃﺭﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺟﺑﻠﺔ ـ ﺍﻟﻳﻣﻥ‬

‫ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﺔ )ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺤﻲ( ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﻭﺣﻜﻢ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ‪ 532-479‬ﻫـ ‪1138-1085 /‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺃﺭﻭﻯ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺟﺒﻠﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 480‬ﻫـ‪1078 /‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺮﺕ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﻨﺎء ﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ ً ﻭﻳﺤﺘﻔﻆ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﻩ ﺑﺄﻧﻤﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﻁﻴﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﱠﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺑـ"ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ" ﻭﺳﻤﻲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻳﺮﺗﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻁﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻧﻌﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺯﺑﻴﺪ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻁﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻒ ﻁﺎﻟﺐ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺝ ﻓﺴﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ "ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻻﻟﻒ‪".‬‬

‫‪63‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺘﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﻣﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﺑﺄﻋﻼﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﺵ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ "ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻴﻦ‪} ...‬ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺎ‪Ä‬‬‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ّ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺁﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺶ ﺇﻻ ﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺴﻰ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺘﺪﻳﻦ{"‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻓﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪" :‬ﺃﻧﻌﻤﺖ ﻓﺰﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻌﻤﺖ ﻓﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪} ..‬ﺃﺩﺧﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﻼﻡ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻦ{‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺟﺒﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺳﺒﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﺷﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﺩ ﻟﺤﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻓﺎء ـ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺴﻦ ـ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻛﻬﺒﺎﺕ ﻹﺛﺮﺍء‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺣﺼﺖ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺃﺭﻭﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻧﺸﺌﺖ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 1998‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ‪ 2000‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﺄﺿﻌﺎﻑ! ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺿﺎﻋﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺗﻠﻔﺖ ﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﺠﻬﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ‬

‫‪64‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻔﻘﻮﺩ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺐ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

1. Yemen Observer
http://www.yobserver.com/front-page/10014725.html

‫ﻣﺄﺭﺏ ﺑﺮﺱ‬2.
http://marebpress.net/articles.php?id=4362

65
 ‫ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ »ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ«‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻕ ﻭﻣﻥ ﺃﻏﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﺧﻳﺭﺓ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘﺩﺭ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻭﻕ ‪ 14‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻧﺎﻫﺯ ‪ 30‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻭ‪ 40‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭﺑﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ‪ 150‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻭﺛﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺷﺭﻑ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻫﺎﺏ ﺑﻧﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ ﻣﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﻠﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻠﺟﺄ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺑﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺷﻐﻝ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻳﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻬﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﺗﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻗﺳﻡ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻁﺎﻟﻌﺔ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻗﺳﻡ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻗﺳﻡ ﺁﺧﺭ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻳﻭﺟﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ ﺗﺣﺕ ﺣﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﺷﺩﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻭﺍﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺭﺍﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻛﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺗﺫﺓ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﻁﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻳﻥ ﻋﻳﻧﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻅﻬﻳﺭ ﺷﺭﻳﻑ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻧﺫ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1994‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺛﺭ ﺍﻟﺿﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺛﻳﺭﺕ ﺣﻭﻝ ﺳﺭﻗﺔ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﻌﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺙ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺷﻭﻗﻲ ﺑﻧﺑﻳﻥ ﻛﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻝ ﻳﺷﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪66‬‬
 ‫ﻭﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﻳﻘﻭﻝ ﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺙ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺷﻭﻗﻲ ﺑﻧﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻲ ﻭﻳﻌﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻬﺎ »ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ«‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺍﻧﺗﻘﻠﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺭﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺑﻁﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻭﺣﺩﻳﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﻧﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻁﺎﺳﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﻌﺩﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻓﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻳﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻏﻧﻰ ﻭﺃﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻷﻥ ﺃﺻﺣﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﻛﺎﻧﻭﺍ ﻳﻬﺗﻣﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﻁﺎﻟﺑﻭﻥ ﺑﺟﻠﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻷﺻﻘﺎﻉ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺳﺗﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻓﺄﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﺑﻛﺗﻲ ﻣﺛﻼ ﻳﻘﻭﻝ ﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺗﻔﺎﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﻣﺭﺍﻛﺵ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺎ ﺗﺭﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﻭﺗﻧﺗﻖ ﻣﻥ ﻋﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻣﻥ ﻓﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺭﺍﻛﺵ ﺛﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻟﻡ ﺗﻧﺗﻘﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 1962‬ﺑﺄﻣﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻣﻥ ﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻋﺎﺻﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻧﺫ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﻣﻔﺗﻭﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺗﺛﻧﺎء ﻭﺧﺻﻭﺻﺎ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﺎء‬

‫ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1946‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻥ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻣﻳﺯ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺣﺎﺯﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻣﻌﺔ ﺩﻭﻟﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻐﺯﺍﻝ ﻧﺳﺦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‪ .‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺛﻝ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ »ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺗﺑﺱ« ﻟﻠﻣﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺣﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺕ ﻣﺟﻠﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﻣﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﻁﺑﻲ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﻁﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﺩﻟﺱ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺻﻧﻊ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻕ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻛﺎﻏﻁ(‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻧﻪ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺟﺩ ﻗﺳﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻣﻧﻪ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻳﻔﻲ ﺑﺭﻭﻓﺎﻧﺳﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﺗﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻧﺷﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺙ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻱ ﻣﺣﻣﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻓﻔﻳﻪ ﻗﺳﻣﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅ ﺑﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻭﺩﻟﻲ ﺑﺄﻛﺳﻔﻭﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﺟﻠﺗﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻣﻔﻘﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺟﺯء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﻻ ﻳﻭﺟﺩ ﻣﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻲ ﺑﻣﺩﺭﻳﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﻧﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻔﺗﺧﺭ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻲ ﻫﻧﺭﻱ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺎﺳﺗﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻣﺑﻧﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﺳﻣﺎﻩ »ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻓﻳﻧﺔ ﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻭﺻﻰ ﺑﺧﺯﺍﻧﺗﻪ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﺑﺑﺎﺭﻳﺱ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺑﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 2000‬ﻣﺟﻠﺩ]‪. [1‬‬

‫‪67‬‬
 ‫ﻳﻘﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻳﻌﺯﻯ ﺇﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ّ‬
‫‪1.‬ﺍﻹﻗﺗﻧﺎء‪ .‬ﻓﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﺣﻳﻥ ﻳﺫﻫﺏ ﻭﻓﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺣﺞ‪ ...‬ﻳﻛﻠﻔﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﺷﺭﺍء ﻣﺎ ﻳﺟﺩﻩ ﻣﻥ ﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪2.‬ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺎﺩﺍﺓ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺃﻫﺩﻳﺕ ﻟﻠﻣﻠﻭﻙ‪ ...‬ﻣﺛﻝ ﺃﻟﻔﻳﺔ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺳﻳﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﻠﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻠﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﺭ ﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.‬ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺱ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺁﻟﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺳﻘﻭﻁ ﻏﺭﻧﺎﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﻣﺟﻲء ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺳﻳﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻣﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻥ ﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﻔﺭﺩ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻣﻥ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺗﺑﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺱ"‬
‫ﻻﺑﻥ ﺣﻳﺎﻥ؛ ﻭ "ﺭﻭﺿﺔ ﺍﻵﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﺱ" ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻣﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺗﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺧﻁﻪ؛ ﻭﻛﺗﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﻭﺻﻭﻝ ﻟﺣﻔﻅ ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺻﻭﻝ" ﻟﻠﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺏ؛ ﻭﻛﺗﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﺗﺻﺭﻳﻑ ﻟﻣﻥ ﻋﺟﺯ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﻟﻳﻑ" ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﺭﺍﻭﻱ؛‬
‫ﻭ"ﻣﻘﺩﻣﺔ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺧﻠﺩﻭﻥ" ﺑﺧﻁ ﻳﺩﻩ]‪. [2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺑﺑﻌﺽ ﻧﻔﺎﺋﺱ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﺷﺭ ـ ﺗﺑﺎﻋﺎ ـ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ "ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻲ" ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 7 ،6 ،5 ،4 ،3‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 64‬ـ ‪.1966‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻧﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻰ )ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ( ‪ /‬ﺗﺻﻧﻳﻑ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻰ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﺎﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﻪ‪,‬‬
‫‪.1983‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺑﺑﻌﺽ ﺫﺧﺎﺋﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺃﻧﺟﺯ ﻣﻌﻅﻣﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻭﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻳﺻﺩﺭ ـ ﻗﺭﻳﺑﺎ ـ ﻋﻥ ﻣﻁﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﺿﺎﻟﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺟﻐﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ ﺑﻧﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻋﺑﺩ ﷲ ﻋﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﻌﺩ ﻟﻠﻧﺷﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺫﺍﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺟﺯ ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻧﻪ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻭﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﻹﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻟﻠﻧﺷﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪68‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺷﻛﻭﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﻘﻁ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺭﺍء ‪ ،‬ﺭﻗﻣﻬﺎ ‪ 3594‬ﺯ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻟﻠﻬﺟﺭﺓ ‪ ) ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻧﺗﺧﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ( ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺎﻁ ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.97‬‬
‫ﺻﻭﺭ ﻣﻥ ]‪[2‬‬

‫‪69‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺷﻭﻗﻲ ﺑﻧﺑﻳﻥ ـ ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ‪2003/11/2 ،9105‬‬
‫‪http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=28&article=200893&issueno=9105‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷﻭﺍﻝ ‪1402‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪http://wadod.net/bookshelf/book/303‬‬
‫)ﻟﺗﺣﻣﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻝ(‬

‫‪70‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﻳﻧﺎﻧﻎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻳﻧﺎﻧﻎ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻳﺯﻳﺎ‬
‫‪Muzium Islam Pulau Pinang‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻨﻲ ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺟﻮﺭﺝ ﺗﺎﻭﻥ ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻧﻎ ﺑﻤﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﻋﻤﺮﻩ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﻋﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺰﻻ ﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺗﺸﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺱ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﻌﻬﺪﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻳﻧﺎﻧﻎ ﻣﻧﺫ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ، 1940‬ﻭﻳﺿﻡ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﻑ ﻭﺍﻻﺛﺎﺙ ﻭﻷﺯﻳﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻻ‬
‫ﻧﻅﻳﺭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪71‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫‪Source: http://www.penangislamicmuseum.net/‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺗﻘﺩﻳﺭ ﻟﺷﻌﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺅﻛﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺩﺩﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﻳﻪ ﻟﻠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﺗﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺣﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻧﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻭﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺩﻡ ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﺑﻳﻧﺎﻧﻎ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﻩ ﻟﻠﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺎﺿﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻳﺳﻌﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺻﻭﻥ ﻭﺗﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﻟﻠﺑﻳﻧﺎﻧﻐﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺩ‬
‫ﺳﻭﺍء‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻧﻅﺭﺍ ﻷﻫﻣﻳﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﻣﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﺗﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1993‬ﺑﺗﻣﻭﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻟﺗﺄﻫﻳﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﺩﻋﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﺑﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺩﻳﻳﻪ ﺭﻳﺑﻳﻼﻥ ﻟﺗﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﻠﻭﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫‪72‬‬
 Source: ibid

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://www.penangislamicmuseum.net/
2. My-Island Penang
http://www.my-island-penang.com/Penang-Islamic-Museum.html

Penjabat Daerah Dan Tanah Daerah Tinur Laut

Tingkat 50 & 51 Komtar
10000 Pulau Pinang
Phone: 04-6505523
Fax: 04-2616137

73
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻛﺯﻳﺔ ﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺑﻭﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺇﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ ﻫﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺿﺧﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻳﺭﺟﻊ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺇﻧﺷﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1453‬ﻡ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻓﺗﺢ ﺇﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻳﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺟﻳﺵ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻘﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺧﺭﻳﺟﻭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﻳﺷﻐﻠﻭﻥ ﻣﻧﺎﺻﺏ‬
‫ﺭﺋﻳﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺅﺳﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﻲ‪ .‬ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﺗﺷﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺟﺎء ﻋﺩﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺇﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻳﻭﺟﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻳﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺯﻳﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﺩﺭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ‪ 60‬ﺃﻟﻑ‬
‫ﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﻭ‪ 8‬ﺁﻻﻑ ﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﺎ ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ‪ 6‬ﺁﻻﻑ ﻣﻭﻅﻑ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻥ ﺑﻳﻥ ﻛﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﻛﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻁﺏ‪ ،‬ﻁﺏ ﺍﻷﺳﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻫﻭﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﺑﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻧﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺑﻼﺩ ﻭﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺄﺳﻳﺳﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﻧﺷﺄ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺢ ﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ "ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻛﺯﻳﺔ ﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ" ﻓﻘﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺍﻋﺗﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺇﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺔ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1923‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺗﺳﻣﻰ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪74‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺭﻳﻑ ﺑﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺦ‬

‫ـ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪361‬ﻫـ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻣﺭﻗﻣﺔ ﺑﺭﻗﻡ ‪A6778‬‬

‫ـ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺑﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ ) ﻭﺗﺷﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻭﺍﺏ ﻗﺩ ﺧﻁ ﺑﻳﺩﻩ ‪ 64‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺿﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻅﻣﻬﺎ (‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﻬﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ) ﻻﻟﻪ ﻟﻲ ( ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺗﺎﻧﺑﻭﻝ ﻭﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺗﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬

‫‪İstanbul University Head Office of Library and Documentation‬‬

‫‪34452 Beyazıt/Fatih-İstanbul‬‬
‫‪Phone: 0 (212) 455 57 00 / Fax: 0 (212) 455 57 84‬‬
‫‪Email: kutuphane@istanbul.edu.tr.‬‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫‪75‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺁﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻭﻟﺗﻭﺭ ـ ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻛﻭﻳﻧﺯﻻﻧﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﺭﺍﻟﻳﺎ‬
‫‪Abbey Museum of Art and Archaeology‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺳﻪ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺟﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ‪ Rev. John. S. M. Ward‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪.1934‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻝ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﺳﺗﺭﺍﻟﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺑﻘﻳﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺔ ﻟﻣﺩﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻳﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1986‬ﻗﺭﺏ ﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺑﺭﺍﻳﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺑﻌﺩ ‪ 40‬ﻛﻠﻡ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺭﻳﺯﺑﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻐﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻹﻧﺳﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻣﺩﺓ ‪ 500000‬ﺳﻧﺔ ﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺃﺻﻠﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺭﺍﻣﻳﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻣﺷﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺣﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﻅﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺣﺟﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪76‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻛﻧﻭء ـ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ‬

‫‪77‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://www.abbeymuseum.asn.au/
2. Collections Australia Network
http://www.collectionsaustralia.net/org/1011/about/

Address: 1-63 The Abbey Pl, Caboolture QLD 4510, Australia

Phone:+61 7 5495 1652

78
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‬

‫ﺃﺳﺳﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺑﺎﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1939‬ﺑﺎﺳﻡ "ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1963‬ﻧﻘﻠﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻘﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﺑﺛﺎﻧﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻳﺎﺽ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﺑﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﺑﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺗﺄﻟﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻁﻭﺍﺑﻖ ﻭﻁﺎﺑﻘﻳﻥ ﺃﺭﺿﻳﻳﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﺿﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺧﺗﺑﺭﻳﻥ ﺃﺣﺩﻫﻣﺎ ﻟﺗﺭﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺳﻔﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺻﻭﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻛﺭﻭﻓﻳﻠﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺄﺭﺷﻳﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺷﺗﻐﻝ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﺣﺛﻭﻥ ﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﻭﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺗﺭﺗﻳﺑﻪ ﻭﻓﻬﺭﺳﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 2400‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ‪ 1092‬ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ‪:‬‬

‫‪11000‬ﻣﺣﻔﻅﺔ‬
‫‪700000‬ﻭﺛﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺭﺷﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫‪23000‬ﻭﺛﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺷﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻲ‬
‫‪22000‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪32000‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪2200‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ‪18‬ﻡ‬
‫‪260‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ‪19‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 3500‬ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ‪ 10000‬ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺃﻏﻠﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺍﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺣﺟﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ ﻭﺃﺷﺭﻁﺔ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻘﻳﺔ ﻭﺳﻳﻧﻣﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺗﻧﻔﺭﺩ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪79‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺗﺄﻟﻑ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﻣﺭﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺳﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺑﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﻛﻭﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺭﺷﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﻠﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻠﻭﻣﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﺭﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻥ ﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺗﻣﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻳﻘﻭﻝ ﺣﺳﻥ ﻫﺭﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺎﺕ ﺑﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺗﻣﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ »ﺩﻭﻱ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ »ﻟﺣﺩ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺗﻣﺕ ﻓﻬﺭﺳﺔ ‪ 54‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﺩﺧﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻣﺑﻳﻭﺗﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻧﺗﻅﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺣﺩﻳﺙ ﻓﻬﺭﺳﺔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺣﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﻗﺕ ﻁﻭﻳﻝ ﻧﻅﺭﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﻭﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻭﺟﺩﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺗﻳﺏ‪».‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺭﻳﻑ ﺑﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺷﺭﻳﻑ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ‪547‬‬
‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺛﺎﻥ ‪906‬‬
‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺛﺎﻟﺙ ‪1031‬‬
‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺭﺍﺑﻊ ‪1042‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﺻﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺧﺎﻣﺱ ‪725‬‬
‫ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺳﺎﺩﺱ ‪830/2‬ﻉ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺳﺎﺑﻊ ‪839/3‬ﻉ‬

‫‪80‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺗﻭﻓﺭﺓ(‬

‫ﻣﺭﺍﻛﺯ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﺑﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺫﻛﺭ ﻛﻧﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺣﺩﻳﺛﻪ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻣﺗﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﺭﺑﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺗﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻧﻬﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻣﺎﺭ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﺣﺗﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪1276‬ﻫـ ‪1859/‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻭﻝ‪..." :‬ﻫﻲ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻳﺳﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﻫﻣﻳﺔ ﻧﻭﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻋﺩﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺷﺗﺭﻱ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﻼ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺅﺳﺎء ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﻝ ﻭﻣﺣﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﻔﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﻧﻅﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻁﺭﺃ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻘﻼﺕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻋﺗﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺗﻼﻑ ﺃﻳﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺻﺭﻓﻳﻥ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭ ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ"‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺟﻊ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺑﺩ ﷲ ﻛﻧﻭﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺞ‪ 1‬ﻉ‪ 2‬ﻧﻭﻓﻣﺑﺭ ‪1955‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻛﻲ ﺑﻥ ﻧﺳﻳﺏ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﺎﻋﻲ ‪ -‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ‪ -‬ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﻓﻳﺻﻝ ﻟﻠﺑﺣﻭﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫‪1427‬ﻫـ ﺹ‪19-108‬‬

‫‪81‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬

.
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺘﻨﺎﻳﺎ‬

: http://www.addictedtotravel.com/travel-guides/places-to -visit/chinguetti_mauritania-travel-guide‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬

82
 ‫‪Source: www.saudiaramcoworld.com‬‬

‫ﻧﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍء‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺮﻣﻮﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺳﺎﺗﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻁﻼﺑﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﻒ ﺑﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺃﻗﺪﺱ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
‫ﻛﺮﻣﺰ ﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻼﺩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺭﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪83‬‬
 ‫ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 200‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 7000‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ‬
‫‪ 40‬ﺃﻟﻒ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻧﺤﺎء ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIPgHU_FGB0&feature=player_embedded‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ‪ :‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍء )ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ(‬

‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺁﻝ ﻫﺎﺑﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺳﺴﻬﺎ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻫﺎﺑﻮﺕ )‪ (1869-1784‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪ 2000‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺃﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪1088‬ﻡ ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻗﺘﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻧﺎﻁﻲ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻫﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺓ "ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ‪".‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﻟﺪ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻗﺎﻕ ﺿﻴﻖ ﺑﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻓﻮﻑ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺗﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 600‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺭﺣﻼﺗﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻘﺘﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍﻝ ﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻣﻮﻁﺄ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺁﻝ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﻬﺪﺓ ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻧﺸﻴﻂ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﺼﺺ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﻼﺕ ﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 400‬ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻭ‬
‫‪ 1400‬ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺳﻴﻒ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻣﻠﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺁﻝ ﺣﺎﻣﻮﻧﻲ‬

‫‪84‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ‬
‫‪Source: www.photographersdirect.com‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪85‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻨﻮﺍﻛﺸﻮﻁ‬
Corbis‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ‬
: http://www.islambook.net/bbs/attachment.aspx?attachmentid=547 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﺭﺍﻣﻜﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬.1
http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200306/mauritania.s.manuscripts.htm

2. www.encyclopedia.com

86
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻁﻧﺑﻭﻝ‬

‫‪Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﺩ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ ﺑﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻗﻳﺻﺭﻯ ﻭﺳﻁ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1933‬ﻭﻧﺷﺄ ﻭﺗﺭﺑﻰ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻡ ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﺎ ﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁﺎ ً ﺑﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺃﺿﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‪.‬ﺑﺩﺃ ﺣﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻠﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1945‬ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺢ ﻣﺻﻧﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﺯﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺳﻳﺞ ﻭﺗﺩﺭﺝ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺃﺻﺑﺢ ﻟﺩﻳﻪ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ‪ 73‬ﺷﺭﻛﺔ ﺗﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻲ ‪ 21‬ﻓﺭﻋﺎ ﻟﻠﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺟﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪87‬‬
 ‫ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺑﻧﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1996‬ﺑﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ ‪ 70‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻟﻑ ‪ 13‬ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺎ ﺣﻭﻝ ﻛﻔﺎﺣﻪ ﻭﺣﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺷﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻧﻭﺍﻥ "ﺣﻳﺎﺗﻲ"‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﺑﺭﻉ ﺑﻌﻭﺍﺋﺩ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻧﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻳﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻛﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺑﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﻘﺗﻪ ﺑﺈﺳﺗﺎﻧﺑﻭﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺕ ﺷﺑﻛﺔ "ﺳﻲ ﺇﻥ ﺇﻥ" ﺍﻹﺧﺑﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻧﺣﻭ ‪ 20‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﺧﺭﻳﺞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﺗﻌﻠﻣﻭﺍ ﻭﺗﺧﺭﺟﻭﺍ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻳﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﺳﺳﻪ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ‪ .‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻼﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺩﺍﺋﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﻛﺯ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺑﻭﻉ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺣﻪ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺯﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،2002‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﺧﺻﺹ ﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻟﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ‪.‬‬

‫‪88‬‬
 ‫ﺇﺣﺩﻯ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺝ ﻋﻣﺭ ﺻﺎﺑﻧﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺩ ﺛﺎﻗﺏ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺑﺗﺩﺃ ﺑﺗﻛﻭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻛﻭﺭ ﻭﺃﺭﻗﻰ ﺃﻧﻭﺍﻉ ﺃﺷﻐﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﻭﺭﺳﻠﻳﻥ ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1940‬ﻭﻟﻛﻥ ﺍﻻﺑﻥ ﺃﺛﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ .1970‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﻓﺗﺗﺄﻟﻑ‬
‫ﻣﻥ ‪ 400‬ﻋﻣﻝ ﺗﻣﺛﻝ ﺣﻘﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﺗﺩﺓ ﻟﺧﻣﺳﻣﺋﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻳﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﻫﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺗﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ‪.‬‬

‫‪89‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ‪http://muze.sabanciuniv.edu/‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﻗﺮﻩ ﺣﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪963‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪90‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻟﺨﻄﺎﻁ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﺟﺰء ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺧﻄﻪ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪983‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪91‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻋﺴﻜﺮ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﻋﺰﺕ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪1293‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺧﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺰﺍﺩ ﻛﻮﺭﻛﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪919‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪92‬‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬1157 ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺧﻄﻪ ﻳﺤﻴﻰ ﻓﻬﺮﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ‬
.

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://muze.sabanciuniv.edu/
‫ ﺇﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻭﻥ ﻻﻳﻥ‬.2
http://www.islamonline.net/Arabic/news/2004-04/10/article26.shtml
3. Wikipedia - Sakıp Sabancı Museum

Address: Emirgan Mh., 34467 Istanbul/Istanbul Province, Turkey

Phone: 0212 277 2200

93
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺣﺔ ـ ﻗﻁﺭ‬

‫ﺃﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪2008/11/22‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻡ ﺑﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﺰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﺋﺰﺓ ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺰﻛﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺻﻤﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻲ ﺑﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻴﺮ ﺑﻔﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﺷﻨﻄﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻁﻮﺍﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ »ﻧﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮء« ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻧﺸﺌﺖ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻁﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻀﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻗﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻗﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻒ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﺖ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪94‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﺖ ﻣﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻭﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺻﻮﻻ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻧﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺃﺣﺪﺛﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻭﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻀﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﻭﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺤﻮ‬
‫‪ 800‬ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻳﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺪﻟﺲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻁﺮﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻛﺘﺐ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ (ﻣﻠﺘﻴﻤﻴﺪﻳﺎ ‪).‬ﻭﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً‬
‫ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺑﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺷﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺃﻣﻨﺎء ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺁﻝ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ "ﺟﺴﺮﺍ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺎ ﻭﻓﻨﻴﺎ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪".‬‬

‫‪http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UI5tr9VrGJI&feature=player_embedded‬‬

‫‪http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8K92BFolFyk&feature=player_embedded‬‬

‫‪95‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‪:‬‬

‫ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﻣﺯﺧﺭﻑ ﺃﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﺃﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺷﺭ – ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺑﺭ‪ ،‬ﺧﺿﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻫﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻕ‪.‬‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪96‬‬
‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺎﺯﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻭﺭﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻊ‪ /‬ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪97‬‬
‫ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﺗﺟﻣﻊ ﻟﻭﺣﺔ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺣﺟﻡ ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻝ ﻳﻭﺟﺩ ﺃﺻﻐﺭ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ‪.‬‬

‫‪98‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://www.flickr.com/photos/alyahya/4522710579/‬‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺣﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1962‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺻﺪﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺁﻧﺬﺍﻙ ﺑﺈﺩﻣﺎﺝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻁﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ )ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ( ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻁﻨﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺘﺰﻭﺩ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻴﺶ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺈﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺑﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﻓﻴﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺸﻴﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻀﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻼ ً ﻟﻠﺘﺮﻣﻴﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﺸﺊ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1976‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺪ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺠﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺪ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫)ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ( ﺗﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻟﻺﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺭﻣﺰﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻳﺔ‬
‫‪1-‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪.1977/6/22‬‬
‫‪2-‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪.1979/10/22‬‬
‫‪3-‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻧﺳﺎء ﻟﻠﻧﺳﺎء ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪. 1981/10/26‬‬
‫‪4-‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪.1982/4/10‬‬
‫‪5-‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻛﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪.1985/1/1‬‬

‫‪99‬‬
 ‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﺮﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﺘﻌﻤﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺳﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺷﻐﻒ ﺑﺎﻗﺘﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻓﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺑﻮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﻒ ﻭﺧﻤﺴﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﻤﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺛﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ ﺳﻤﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺭﺣﻼﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻣﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫‪http://www.mia.org.qa/#home‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻫﻳﺋﺔ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﻗﻁﺭ‬
‫‪http://www.qma.com.qa/ar/ar/static/index.php‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﻧﺕ‬
‫‪http://www.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1162115‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ‬
‫‪http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=54&article=496077&issueno=10953‬‬

‫‪Doha, Qatar P.O. Box 2777‬‬

‫‪Tel +974 4422 4444‬‬
‫‪Fax +974 4422 4446‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﺣﺻﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﺭﻑ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺑﺩﻳﻊ ﺻﻘﺭ ﻭﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﻣﺻﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻅﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ "ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺭﻳﺔ" ﺑﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻠﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﻣﺎﻳﻭ ‪ 1963‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪100‬‬
 .

101
102
103
104
105
106
‫ﻭﻛﺘﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ )ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ ﻣﺎﻳﻮ ‪(1964‬‬

‫‪107‬‬
108
109
110
111
112
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻧﻳﻭ ﺩﻟﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ‬

‫ﺃﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﻓﻲ ‪ 1960/11/18‬ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﺘﺤﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺣﻘﺒﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 200000‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻭﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪113‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻅﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‪:‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺧﻁﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫‪114‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://www.nationalmuseumindia.gov.in/
2. The Silkroad Foundation Newsletter
http://www.silk-road.com/newsletter/vol3num2/5_bloom.php

Address: Rajghat, New Delhi, DL 110002, India

Phone: 011 2331 1793

115
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﻓﻐﺎﻧﺳﺗﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ‬
‫)ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻛﺎﺑﻭﻝ(‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻣﺩﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪2000‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﺿﻡ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﻡ ﺑﺂﺳﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻭﺳﻁﻰ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺣﺗﺿﻥ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ‬
‫‪ 100000‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺭﺟﻊ ﻟﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﻋﺩﻳﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻧﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﷲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،1922‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1994‬ﺃﻣﺭﺕ ﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔ ﺭﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻧﻘﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺗﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻭﺗﻳﻝ ﻛﺎﺑﻭﻝ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﺣﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻋﺳﻛﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺑﺛﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﺗﻬﺎ ﺻﻭﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﺩﻣﺭﺕ ﺟﺯء ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ‪.‬‬

‫‪116‬‬
‫ﺃﻋﻳﺩ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ‪ 2004/9/29‬ﻭﺗﻡ ﺍﺳﺗﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻔﻘﻭﺩﺓ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﺑﻠﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﺳﻭﻳﺳﺭﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ‬

‫ﻛﻧﻭﺯ ﺃﻓﻐﺎﻧﺳﺗﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺑﺄﺓ )ﻓﻳﺩﻳﻭ(‬

‫‪http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/video/player?titleID=1539905967‬‬

‫‪117‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺗﻭﻓﺭﺓ(‬

‫ـ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 87‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫)‪ 19‬ﻓﻲ ‪ (12‬ﺳﻡ ‪ ..‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪De Beaureccucil p.89 No. 99 .‬‬

‫ـ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻭﺍﻣﻬﺎ ‪ 32‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫)‪ 21‬ﻓﻲ ‪ (10.5‬ﺳﻡ ‪ ..‬ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪100‬‬

‫ـ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪ 86‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫)‪ 18‬ﻓﻲ ‪ (11.5‬ﺳﻡ ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪103‬‬

‫ـ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻭﺍﻣﻬﺎ ‪ 14‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫) ‪ 20‬ﻓﻲ ‪ (13‬ﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺹ ‪ 90‬ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﻡ ‪.105‬‬

‫ﻛﻭﺭﻛﻳﺱ ﻋﻭﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺻﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 500‬ﻫـ = ‪ 1106‬ﻡ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺷﻳﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺩﺍﺩ ﺹ ‪46-45‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺃﻓﻐﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺏ‬
‫‪www.afghan-web.com/kabul-museum‬‬

‫‪2. Wikipedia - Kabul Museum‬‬

‫‪118‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻠﺣﻖ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻓﻐﺎﻧﺳﺗﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻸﺏ ﺩﻯ ﺑﻭﺭﻛﻭﻯ‪P. S. L. de Beaurecueil‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﻼﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺑﻛﺎﺑﻝ‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ 6 :‬ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻘﻁ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﺭﻳﺭ ﺷﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ – ﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪88/2445‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﺟﺯء ‪ 12‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ – ﻙ ‪648‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻳﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻌﺻﻣﻲ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.1/2278‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺵ – ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﺟﺯء ‪ – 26‬ﻙ ‪710‬ﻫـ؛ ﺑﻳﺩ ﺃﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺢ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ُﻛﺭﺕ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻧﺎﻗﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺳﻁ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﻙ ‪1078‬ﻫـ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ ﺑﻳﺩ ﺳﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﺑﺭﻱ ﺍﻷﻧﺻﺎﺭﻱ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.2437‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺵ – ﻙ ‪1804‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﺟﺎﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.6/2281‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﺟﺯء ‪ – 14‬ﻙ ‪902‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﺯﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺩﻳﻥ ﺑﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﺎﺗﺏ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.161/1342‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ 11 :‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺎء ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻘﻁ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻡ ﺟﺩﺍ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪.158/2341‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺭﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻛﺎﺑﻝ‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ – ﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺭﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺵ – ﻙ ‪117‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻷﺣﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺯﻧﻭﻱ‪.1 .‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻣﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ – ‪ 130‬ﻣﺳﺟﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺑﻛﺎﺑﻝ‬

‫ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪.11/5 :‬‬

‫‪119‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻫﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﺭﺁﻥ‪ :‬ﻙ ‪1088‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺗﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻙ ﺑﻳﺩ ﺳﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻁﺑﺏ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﻗﺹ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻙ ‪1225‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ ﻛﺷﻣﻳﺭﻱ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻙ ‪1151‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺭﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺯﻭﻳﻖ ﻛﺷﻣﻳﺭﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻙ ‪768‬ﻫـ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺵ‪ :‬ﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻙ ﺑﻳﺩ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻣﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻳﺭ‪ .‬ﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻗﺹ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﺻﻐﺭﻯ‬
‫‪-‬ﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻗﺹ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪120‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻳﻧﻳﻛﺱ ـ ﺃﺭﻳﺯﻭﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‬

‫‪The Melikian Collection‬‬

‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻳﻧﻳﻛﺱ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺿﻳﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺎﺟﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺗﻘﻝ ﺍﻷﺏ ﺟﺭﻳﺟﻭﺭﻱ ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺗﻪ ﺇﻳﻣﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻧﻳﻭﻳﻭﺭﻙ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻓﻳﻧﻳﻛﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﻳﺯﻭﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻣﺗﻠﻙ ﻓﻧﺩﻗﺎ ﻓﺧﻣﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻧﺫ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﻥ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺻﻳﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﺩﻳﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻭﻣﺳﺎﻫﻣﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺛﺭﺍء ﺑﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻌﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺑﺭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻘﺩﻣﻭﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺑﺣﻭﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺩﺭﻳﺏ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪.1970‬‬

‫‪121‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺳﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻭﺳﻳﺔ‪-‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻗﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻣﺗﺩﺍﺩ ﻟﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻳﻣﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﻭﻡ ﺑﺷﺭﺍءﻩ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻭﺭﺙ ﺍﻻﺑﻥ ﺟﻳﻣﺱ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺷﻐﻑ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻗﺗﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﺄﺛﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺟﻭﺍء ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻓﻳﻧﻳﻛﺱ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻋﻣﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻛﺣﺎﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺃﻣﻥ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻌﺔ ﻋﺷﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﻋﻣﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻳﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺗﻌﺭﻑ ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻳﻣﺱ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﻛﻳﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪122‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺻﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻭﻣﺰﺧﺮﻑ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ‪ 25 :‬ﺑـ ‪ 17.5‬ﺳﻢ‬
‫‪---‬‬

‫‪123‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻫﺭﺭ ﺑﺄﺛﻳﻭﺑﻳﺎ ﻣﺅﺭﺥ ﻓﻲ ‪1773/8/31‬‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺻﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫‪---‬‬

‫‪124‬‬
 ‫ﻡ‬1800 ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻭﻥ ﺟﺯءﺍ ﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻫﺭﺭ ﺍﻷﺛﻳﻭﺑﻳﺔ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬.1
http://www.melikiancollection.com/
2. Arizona State University
http://newsarchives.clas.asu.edu/news_releases/2007/melikian_gift_01172007.htm
3. The Melikian Center
http://melikian.asu.edu/
4. The Armenian Reporter
Western US Edition
Jan 12, 2008

Address: 1625 N Central Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States

Phone: (602) 257-1222
.

125
 ‫ﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻛﻳﻥ ـ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﺳﻲ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺳﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺣﺏ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻳُﺩﻋﻰ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺳﺎﺭﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻧﺟﺯ ﻧﺳﺧﻬﺎ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺳﺑﻌﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﺳﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ 718‬ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‪ 1318 ،‬ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ )ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺃﺳﺭﺓ ﻳﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻳﺔ(‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻧﺎﺳﺧﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﺗﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ‪" :‬ﺃﺣﻣﺩ‬
‫ﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻓﻘﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻧﺟﺎﺯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﺟﻠﻳﻝ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺳﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻬﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺳﺎﺭﻱ‪ ".‬ﺳﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺣﻠﻳﻝ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺧﻠﺻﻭﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻭﻻ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﺳﺎﺧﻬﺎ ﺭﺑﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺷﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺎﻓﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻁﻠﺑﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺭﺍ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺃﻧﺟﺯ ﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﻧﺳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ ﻫﻧﺎﻙ‪ .‬ﺛﺎﻧﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺳﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻣﻭﻁﻥ ﺃﺟﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺩﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺟﺯ ﻧﺳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺗﻭﻁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻣﺩ ﺗﺫﻳﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﺑﻛﻠﻣﺔ "ﺳﺎﺭﻱ" ﺗﻌﺑﻳﺭﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺷﻭﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺷﺩﻳﺩ ﻟﺗﺭﺍﺏ ﻭﻁﻧﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪126‬‬
 ‫ﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﺳﻲ‬

‫ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺎﺥ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﻗﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺹ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﻡ ﺍﻟﺻﻐﻳﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺦ‬
‫ﻛﺧﻁ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻛﻧﻪ ﻣﺗﺄﺛﺭ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻘﻖ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻧﺩﻣﺞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺟﻌﻝ ﺍﻻﻋﺗﻘﺎﺩ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺳﺦ ﺻﻳﻧﻲ ﺃﻗﺭﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻼﺣﻅ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺗﺏ ﺧﺗﺎﻡ ﻧﺳﺧﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻳﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻣﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻧﻳﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺃﺳﻠﻭﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺑﻳﺭ ﻳﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﻋﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺄﻟﻭﻓﺎ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻧﻳﻳﻥ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺑﻳﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﻳﺱ ﺛﻣﺔ ﺑﺭﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺳﺦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﻳﻧﻳﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﻧﺑﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻟﻴﻮ ﺟﻴﻨﻎ ﻣﻴﻨﻎ‬

‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺣﺗﻔﻅ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻟﻳﻭ ﺟﻳﻧﻎ ﻣﻳﻧﻎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺯﻗﺎﻕ ﻧﺎﻧﺩﻭﻳﺎﺗﺳﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﻲ ﺩﻭﻧﻐﺗﺷﻧﻎ ﺑﺑﻛﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻭﺍﺭﺛﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺳﻼﻑ ﺃﺳﺭﺗﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2001‬ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻫﺎ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﺳﺟﺩ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻧﻐﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﻬﻭﺭ ﺑﺑﻛﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺳﺦ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺦ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺩﻭﻧﻳﻥ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻛﻥ ﺧﺑﺭﺍء ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺻﻠﺣﺔ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺑﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﻛﻳﻥ ﻗﺎﻣﻭﺍ ﺑﻔﺣﺻﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻧﻭﻋﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻕ ﻭﻟﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺑﺭ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻛﺩﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻬﺎ ﻳﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺯﻣﻥ ﺃﺳﺭﺓ ﻣﻳﻧﻎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻳﺔ )‪1644 – 1368‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺳﺗﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﺳﻧﺔ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻭﺗﺷﺗﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﻳﻥ ﺟﺯءﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻛﺗﺑﻬﺎ ﻧﺎﺳﺧﻬﺎ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺳﻠﺱ ﻗﻭﻱ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺑﺩﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻝ ﻧﺻﻭﺻﻬﺎ ﻧﺳﺧﺕ ﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻣﻣﺎ ﻳﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺎﺳﺧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ـ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‬
‫‪http://arabic.china.org.cn/culture/txt/2010-02/10/content_19403927_2.htm‬‬

‫‪127‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺎﺽ‬

‫ﺇﻓﺗﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﻝ ﻓﻬﺩ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ‪ 1999/7/9‬ﺑﻣﻧﻁﻘﺔ ﻗﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻡ ﺑﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ‪ 17‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻣﺗﺭ ﻣﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻗﻲ ﻟﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺣﺩﺛﺎ ً ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺍﺳﺗﻳﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﺷﺭ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺙ ﻋﺑﺭ ‪ 8‬ﻗﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺗﺣﺩﺙ ﻛﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ٍﺓ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺣﻘﺑﺔ ﺯﻣﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﺷﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻗﺩﻡ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺛﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﻭﻥ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﺎﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻫﻠﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻌﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺑﻭﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﻭﺣﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﻠﻛﺔ‬
‫‪-‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺭﻣﻳﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺷﻛﻝ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 3‬ﺁﻻﻑ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻟﺑﻳﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻣﻰ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺃﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻷﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻣﺛﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪128‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﻛﻭﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻁﺑﺦ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺭﺑﺩﺓ‬

‫ﻭﻳﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺭﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻗﺗﺔ ﺑﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ‪1000‬ﻡ ﻣﺭﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺳﺗﺿﻳﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺷﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺃﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻓﻧﻳّﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﻳﺔ ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳّﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺭﺟﻳّﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺋﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﺣﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﻌﺭﺿﺎ ً ﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﺎ ً ﻓﻲ ﺑﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺩﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﺫﻛﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺗﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ‪.‬‬

‫‪129‬‬
 :‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻳﺩ‬

.

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
.2007/7/20 ،10461 ‫ ﺑﻭﺍﺑﺔ ﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ؛ ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ؛ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬:‫ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺎﺽ‬.1
2. Saudi Aramco World
http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199905/history.s.new.home.in.riyadh.htm
3. Moriyama &Teshima Planners
http://www.mtplanners.com/mtpnatmuseum.html

Address: King Abdul Aziz, Historical Center, Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Phone: 01 402 950

130
 ‫ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ‬
‫ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ‬
‫ﻟﺑﻧﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻱ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻧﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﺎﻟﻳﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﺟﻭﺍﻣﻊ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ ﻭﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻳﺗﻭﺳﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺑﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺗﺳﻣﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﻧﺳﻭﺏ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻘﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺣﺭﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﻠﻳﺑﻳﻳﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻏﻳﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻣﺭ ﺑﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺧﻠﻳﻝ ﺑﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻘﺏ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﺭﻑ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻔﺭﻭﺽ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺳﻣﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺷﺭﻓﻲ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﺭﻑ ﺧﻠﻳﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻛﻥ ﺫﻛﺭﻯ ﻓﺗﺢ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺏ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺢ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺗﺻﺎﺭ ﻭﻓﺭﺣﺔ ﻛﺑﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﻠﻣﻳﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻼً ﻗﻭﻳﺎ ً ﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺗﻳﻣﻧﺎ ً ﺑﺎﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻳﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺗﺳﻣﻳﺔ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺛﺑﺗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﺹ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻲ ﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﺻﺑﺢ ﺍﻷﻋﺷﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻠﻘﺷﻧﺩﻱ‪/‬‬
‫ﺟﺯء‪ 2‬ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ‪ /472‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﺟﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻔﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻡ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪693‬ﻫـ‪1294 /‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺻﺭ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻣﺿﻲ ﺧﻣﺱ ﺳﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺗﺢ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺗﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺑﺣﺩﻭﺩ ‪ /3224/‬ﻣﺗﺭﺍ ً ﻣﺭﺑﻌﺎ ً ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺑﺎ ً‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﺪﻣﺮﻱ ‪[2]:‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻳﻀﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺗﻠﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺿﺨﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺛﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﻗﻔﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ]ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺪ[ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯﻳﻦ ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻁﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1088‬ﻫـ‪1677/‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺎء ﺫﻛﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﻕ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺭﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻼ‪.." :‬ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻪ ﺻﺤﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺻﺤﻦ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻩ ﺃﺭﻭﻗﺔ ﻟﻮﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻼﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺧﻠﻮﺓ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻠﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻓﻨﺪﻱ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ )ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪."..‬‬

‫‪131‬‬
 ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻴﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻨﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻁﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺪﺍ‪:‬‬
‫إﱐ ﳌﺸﺘﺎق ﳍﺎ وﻷﻫﻠﻬﺎ ** وﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ اﳌﻌﻤﻮر ﻋﺰ ﻣﻨﺎرة‬

‫ﻭﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ "ﺍﻷﺛﺭ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ" ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﻧﻭﺑﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻌﺭﺗﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺛﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺳﻭﻝ ﺻﻠﻰ‬
‫ﷲ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻫﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻫﺎﻟﻲ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1308‬ﻫـ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻌﺭﺗﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﻟﺣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺑﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻡ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺗﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬

‫‪1.‬ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ‬
‫‪www.al-mansourimosque.org‬‬

‫‪2.‬ﻋﻣﺭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻡ ﺗﺩﻣﺭﻱ ‪ -‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﻭﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﺎﻟﻳﻙ‬
‫)ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻱ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ‪1394-688 :‬ﻫـ( ‪ -‬ﻁﺭﺍﺑﻠﺱ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﻼﺩ ﻟﻠﻁﺑﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺎﻝ ‪1974‬ﻡ‬

‫‪3.‬ﻣﻧﺗﺩﻯ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻠﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻣﻭﻥ‬

‫‪http://forum.qalamoun.com/showthread.php?t=10648‬‬

‫‪4.‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ‬
‫‪http://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1088353‬‬

‫‪132‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺭﻟﻳﻥ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺭﻟﻳﻥ ـ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻧﻳﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﻭﺩ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1904‬ﻡ ﺃﻧﺷﺄ ﻣﺩﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻟﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﻟﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﺭﺓ ﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺻﺭ‬
‫ﻓﺭﻳﺩﺭﻳﻙ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺳﻣﻰ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﻭﺩ ‪Bode Museum.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻧﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺣﺟﺭﻳﺔ ﻫﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻳﺻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺟﺎﺩ ﻗﺩﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﻭﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺗﻘﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1932‬ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺭﻏﺎﻣﻭﻥ ‪ Pergamon‬ﻭﺃﻏﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺟﻧﺎﺡ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻳﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ .1954‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1998‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﻣﺗﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺟﺯﻳﺭﺓ ﺑﺭﻏﺎﻣﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ‪.‬‬

‫‪133‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻠﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻬﻳﺭﺓ‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﻧﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺟﻧﻭﺑﻲ ﻟﺑﺭﻏﺎﻣﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﺗﺧﺗﺻﺭ ﺣﻘﺑﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺟﻠﺑﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻼﺩﺭ ﻋﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻭﺇﻳﺭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻁﺑﻳﻘﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺟﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻟﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺧﻁ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪134‬‬
‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1300‬ﻡ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﺭﺟﺎﻣﻭﻥ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪135‬‬
 ‫ﻡ‬1575-1560 ‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺑﺩﻳﻊ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻳﺭﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻳﻥ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
http://www.smb.museum/smb/sammlungen/details.php?lang=en&objID=12&m=3&n=1&r=11
2. Washington. edu Silkroad
http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/museums

Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

D - 10785 Berlin
Telephone: +49 - (0)30 - 266 42 2201
Fax: +49 (0)30 - 266 - 42 2202
E-Mail: besucherdienste@smb.spk-berlin.de

136
 ‫ﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﻧﺎﻧﺗﺷﻧﻎ‬
‫ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻛﻭﻧﻣﻳﻧﻎ ـ ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻳﻭﻧﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺩ ﻧﺣﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻘﻭﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺗﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺑﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫)‪1903 – 1841‬ﻡ( ﺣﻔﺭ ﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻬﺎﺕ ﺧﺷﺑﻳﺔ ﻟﻁﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻭﻧﻧﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﺩﺭ ﺗﻠﻣﻳﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺗﻳﺎﻥ ﺟﻳﺎ ﺑﻭﻱ )‪1944 – 1870‬ﻡ( ﺑﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻭﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﻁﻠﺏ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺣﺎﺗﻳﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺻﻧﻌﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻬﺎﺕ ﺑﺩﻗﺔ ﻭﻋﻧﺎﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻔﻖ ﺍﻟﺭﺟﻝ ‪ 8500‬ﻟﻳﺎﻧﻎ )ﻟﻳﺎﻧﻎ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻳﺳﺎﻭﻱ ‪ 50‬ﺟﺭﺍﻣﺎ( ﻹﻧﺟﺎﺯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺍﺳﺗﻐﺭﻕ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺳﻧﺗﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ‬
‫‪1313‬ﻫـﺟﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1895‬ﻣﻳﻼﺩﻳﺔ ﻅﻬﺭ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻁﺑﻭﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻪ ﻭﺗﻣﺕ ﺗﺳﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﺟﻠﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺑﻧﻔﺱ ﺃﺳﻣﺎء‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺯﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺃﺭﺟﺎء ﻳﻭﻧﻧﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،1985‬ﺷﺭﻋﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻌﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻳﻭﻧﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻁﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﻭﺗﻭﺯﻋﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ ﺑﻘﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪137‬‬
 ‫ﺻﻔﺣﺗﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ‬

‫ﺟﺩﻳﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺫﻛﺭ ﻫﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻟﻡ ﺗﻛﻥ ﺗﻘﻠﻳﺩﺍ ﺣﺭﻓﻳﺎ ﻟﻣﺛﻳﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﻣﺎ ﺗﻣﻳﺯﺕ ﺑﻛﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺣﻔﺭ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﻧﻳﺗﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻛﻠﻳﺷﻳﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﺷﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﺗﺣﻔﺔ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﺛﺭﺍ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻳﺎ ﺣﺿﺎﺭﻳﺎ ﺛﻣﻳﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ـ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ‬
‫‪http://arabic.china.org.cn/culture/txt/2010-02/10/content_19403927_4.htm‬‬

‫‪138‬‬
 ‫ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺱ – ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‬

‫ﻟﻘﻁﺔ ﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ ﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ‬

‫ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﺑﻔﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﺇﺣﺩﻯ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺣﺎﻓﻅﺕ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻳﺎﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻔﺎﺋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻠﺑﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺇﻏﻧﺎء‬
‫ﺭﺻﻳﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻘﻲ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻁﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺭﺍء‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺫﻳﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻛﺗﺏ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺻﻐﻳﺭﺓ ﺃﻧﺷﺋﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻟﻣﺳﺎﻧﺩﺓ ﻣﻬﻣﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺩﺭﻳﺱ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﻧﻲ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻋﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻧﺎء ﺑﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻣﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 750‬ﻫـ‪ 1349/‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻭﻧﺎ ﻟﻠﻘﺭﺍءﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻁﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺳﺦ ﻭﺯﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻛﺗﺏ ﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻭﺗﻭﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺳﻼﻁﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﺭﺳﻣﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﻝ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ .1940‬ﻭﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻣﺗﺩﺍﺩﺍ ﻣﺟﺎﻟﻳﺎ ﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻣﺛﻝ ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻳﻁﺔ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺛﻝ »ﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻔﺎﺭﻳﻥ« ﻭ»ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺑﺎﺣﻳﺔ« ﻭ»ﺍﻟﻌﻁﺎﺭﻳﻥ« ﻭ»ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺍﻁﻳﻥ«‬
‫ﻭ»ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻣﺩﻳﺔ«‪ ،‬ﺭﺣﺎﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻳﺎ ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺣﺎﻓﻅﺕ ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻳﺎﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻔﺎﺋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻠﺑﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺇﻏﻧﺎء ﺭﺻﻳﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﺎﺋﻘﻲ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻁﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺭﺍء‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺫﻳﻥ ﺯﻭﺩﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻛﺗﺏ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪139‬‬
 ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺗﺣﻭﻱ ﻛﻧﻭﺯﺍ ﺛﻣﻳﻧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺗﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻭﺭﺩﺍ ﻋﺫﺑﺎ ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻳﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺑﻭﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﺍﺑﻲ ﻋﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﻧﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 750‬ﻫﺟﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺭﺻﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺿﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﺩﻳﻭﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟـ‪ 16‬ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻛﺗﺑﺎ ﻛﺛﻳﺭﺓ ﻧﻘﻠﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻧﻔﺳﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻏﻧﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻓﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﻓﺗﺟﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﻣﺣﺗﻭﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ 32‬ﺍﻟﻑ ﻣﺟﻠﺩ ﺳﻧﺔ‬
‫‪ .1613‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻓﻅﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺑﻔﺿﻝ ﻧﻅﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻛﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺻﻳﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺿﻡ ﻓﻳﺿﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻟﻛﺑﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﺑﻥ ﻁﻔﻳﻝ ﻭﺍﺑﻥ ﺭﺷﺩ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺍﺷﺗﻬﺭ ﺑﻣﺅﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻳﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﺯﻳﻧﺕ ﻗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﺯﺧﺎﺭﻑ ﺟﺻﻳﺔ ﻭﺧﺷﺑﻳﺔ ﻣﻧﻘﻭﺷﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻲ ﺍﻻﺻﻳﻝ ﺗﻔﺻﺢ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻹﺑﺩﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺯﻫﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻳﻭﺕ ﻭﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻻﻗﺻﻰ ﺑﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻣﺟﻳﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﺗﻣﺗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﻔﺿﺎءﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﺣﺭﺓ ﻣﺯﻫﻭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺯﺧﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﻓﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎء ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻁﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻳﻣﺔ ﺗﺭﺍﺛﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ‬

‫ﻟﻡ ﻳﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻋﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻛﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﺣﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻧﺷﺄ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﻳﻌﻘﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺑﺈﻫﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ‪ ،‬ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻓﻳﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺑﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻧﻭﻩ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺯﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻛﻧﻪ ﻟﻡ ﻳﻭﺭﺩ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻳﻝ ﻛﺛﻳﺭﺓ ﻋﻧﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺍﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺝ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﺻﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﻣﻌﻧﻭﻱ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻁﻼﻋﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﺎﻭﻟﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻳﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻭ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﻟﺗﺣﺩﻳﺙ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻓﺎﺱ ﻭﺗﺟﺩﻳﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﺿﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﻬﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪140‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﻫﻣﻳﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﻧﺷﺄﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺏ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻘﺏ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺫﻫﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺣﺗﻭﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﻁﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻡ "ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺻﻭﺭﻳﺔ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺩﺭ ﺑﺛﻣﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺛﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺳﺱ ﻧﻔﺳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﻭﻟﻰ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﺑﻧﻪ ﺯﻳﺩﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺗﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺧﺭ ﺭﻗﻡ ﺗﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ ﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺷﻭﺭﺓ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻻﻥ ﻫﻭ ‪،2034‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺗﺟﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﻧﺎﻭﻳﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺑﺎﺣﺗﺳﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻣﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺑﻳﻝ ﺍﻻﻫﺩﺍء ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺗﺑﺎﺩﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻛﺎﺩ ﻣﻭﺿﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻓﻬﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻔﺎﺳﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺙ ﻭﺍﻻﺻﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺣﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺻﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺳﺎﺏ ﻭﻏﻳﺭ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻭﺍﺭﻳﺦ ﺗﺄﻟﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﻣﺗﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﺯﻣﻧﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻏﺩﺕ ﻟﻘﺩﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻛﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻁﺑﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻁﺑﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻁﺑﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻁﺑﻌﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺻﻧﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﻳﺿﺎ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﻳﺯﻳﺩ ﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﻥ ‪ 600‬ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺣﻳﺙ‬
‫ﻣﻭﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻫﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻣﺎﻛﻥ ﺻﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻣﻳﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁﺎﺕ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻳﻴﻦ ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﺱ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﺏ‬

‫‪141‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﺗﻭﻓﺭﺓ(‬

‫‪-‬ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻋﺗﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻫﺩﺍﻩ ﻟﻠﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻻﻣﻳﺭ ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺑﻥ ﻁﻼﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻣﻠﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬

‫‪http://www.minculture.gov.ma/index....=article&id=476:qarawiyin&catid=60&Itemid=124‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺗﺻﻣﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪ ..‬ﻭﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﺭﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ‬
‫‪http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=53&article=263651&issueno=9472‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﻲ ‪ -‬ﺧﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭﻫﺎ؛ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺞ‪ ،5‬ﻉ‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻭ ‪1959‬ﻡ ﺹ ‪16-3‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ‪ -‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ؛ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺟﻠﻭ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ‪1979‬ﻡ‬

‫‪ .5‬ﻋﺑﺩ ﷲ ﻛﻧﻭﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻁﻭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺞ‪ ،1‬ﻉ‪ ،2‬ﻧﻭﻓﻣﺑﺭ ‪ 1955‬ﺹ ‪189-170‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻛﻲ ﻧﺳﻳﺏ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﺎﻋﻲ ‪ -‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ )ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ( ﺗﺭﺟﻣﺔ ﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻳﺩ ﻭﻏﻧﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻙ ﻓﻳﺻﻝ ﻟﻠﺑﺣﻭﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ‪1427‬ﻫـ‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫‪142‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺷﺎﻩ‬
‫(ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ ﺳﻳﻼﻧﺟﻭﺭ)‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻳﺯﻳﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺄﺳﺱ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1887‬ﻡ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺗﻬﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻳﺯﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺗﺎﻳﺑﻳﻧﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻳﺭﺍﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1974‬ﺳﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻟﻌﻬﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺩﺭﺍﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻭﺍﻻﻟﻣﺑﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ‪1989/9/2‬‬
‫ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺈﺳﻡ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺷﺎﻩ ﺗﻛﺭﻳﻣﺎ ﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺳﻳﻼﻧﺟﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﻫﺷﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺷﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺝ ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺣﻭﻡ ﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻋﻼء ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﺳﻠﻳﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻲ‬

‫‪143‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻒ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺿﻭء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻳﻼﻧﺟﻭﺭ ﻭﻳﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬
1. Malaysia Vacation Guide
http://www.malaysiavacationguide.com/sultan-alam-shah-museum.html
‫ ﻋﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ‬.2
http://www.hqw7.com/Default.aspx?pages=news&inc=textnews&id=806

Address: Persiaran Damai, Seksyen 10, Shah Alam, Malaysia, MY

Tel: +60 03 5511 9001

144
 ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻳﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ(‬
‫ﻛﺭﻛﻭﻙ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬

‫ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﺑﻧﺔ ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﻛﺭﻛﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﻣﺅﺳﺱ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﻼ ﻣﺣﻣﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻧﻛﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1215‬ﻫﺟﺭﻱ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺣﻣﻭﺩ ﻁﻳﺏ ﷲ ﺛﺭﺍﻩ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﻻﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺍﺣﺩ ﺍﺣﻔﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﻳﻼﻧﻲ‬
‫)ﻗﺩﺱ ﺳﺭﻩ( ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﺍﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﻫﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺟﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻳﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼ ﻣﺣﻣﻭﺩ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1160‬‬
‫ﻫﺟﺭﻱ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻧﺫﺍﻙ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺩﻓﻥ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺣﻣﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻳﻭﺍﻥ ﻣﻠﺣﻖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﺏ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺭﻛﺔ ﻣﺎء ﺷﻳﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﺏ‬

‫‪145‬‬
‫ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺷﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺵ ﻻﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻛﺭ ﻭﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﺍﺣﻣﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ‪.‬ﻭﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﻗﺭﻳﺔ ﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺍﺭﺳﻰ ﺑﻧﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﻠﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻠﻊ ﻟﻠﺣﺟﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻛﻝ ﺳﺭﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﻟﻛﻧﻪ ﺍﻋﺎﺩ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1260‬ﻫﺟﺭﻱ ﺳﺎﻋﺩﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﺩﻳﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﺍﺛﺭﻳﺎء ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺳﺎﻟﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻠﺣﻘﺎﺕ ﻻﻳﻭﺍء ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍء ﻭﻣﻥ ﺛﻡ ﺩﻳﻭﺍﻥ ﻹﺳﺗﻘﺑﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺿﻳﻭﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺭﻳﺩﻳﻥ ﺛﻡ ﺍﻛﻣﻝ ﺍﺣﺩ ﻣﺭﻳﺩﻳﻪ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﻖ ﺿﻳﺎء ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻓﺎﻣﺭ ﺑﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺄﺫﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺗﻧﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺳﺎﺏ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺣﺳﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻉ ﺍﻻﺧﻳﺭ ﻟﻠﺷﻌﺭ ﻟﻠﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺣﺳﺏ ﺍﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻻﺑﺟﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺫﻟﻙ ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺷﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻫﻭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1260‬ﻫﺟﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﺩ ﺳﺑﻊ ﺳﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺎ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺳﺑﻌﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﻣﺎ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺎء ﻭﻟﻡ ﺗﻛﻥ ﺗﺎﺳﻳﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺎﺱ ﻳﻌﺗﻣﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﺍﻗﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺭ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﻬﺎﺭﻳﺯ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ ﺟﺑﺎﻝ )ﺯﺍﻏﺎﺭﻭﺱ ( ﺗﺣﻭﻝ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺻﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﻏﻳﺭ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﻭﻳﺵ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻳﺋﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﻭﻯ ﻣﻥ ﺣﺟﺭ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﻠﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺯﺍﻏﺎﺭﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺷﻣﺭﻭﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺳﻭﺍﻋﺩﻫﻡ ﻳﻧﻬﺎﻟﻭﻥ ﺑﻔﺅﺳﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﻳﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻓﻭﻑ ﻭﻧﻐﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺷﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻭﺷﻳﺧﻬﻡ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﻳﺷﺎﺭﻛﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻧﺷﺩ ﻟﻬﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺎﺷﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﺷﻘﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺟﺑﻝ ﻭﺍﻭﺻﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺟﺭﺕ ﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺭﻣﻳﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﻧﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻁﻳﺏ ﷲ ﺛﺭﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺷﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺎﻓﻅ ﻟﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﷲ ﻭﻋﻠﻭﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﺭﻯ ﺗﻌﻣﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﻣﻳﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻼ ﺛﻡ ﺟﺭﺕ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻣﻳﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺧﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺭﺑﻌﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﻡ‬
‫ﺗﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻳﻭﺍء ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﺎء ﻭﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﺭﺣﻣﻬﻡ ﷲ ﺗﻡ ﺍﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺄﺫﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﻘﻭﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺑﻌﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺛﻡ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﻟﺩﻩ ﺍﻻﺭﺷﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻔﻅﻪ ﷲ ﺑﺎﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻋﻣﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻝ ﻭﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺗﻭﺳﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ ﺿﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺻﻠﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻫﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﻛﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﻳﺩﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻳﺭﻯ ﺍﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﻋﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻭﺳﻊ ﻭﺍﻻﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻣﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻬﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺟﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺭﺷﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻛﺭﻛﻭﻙ ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺩﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻼﺣﻅ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺷﻳﻭﺥ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻛﺛﺭﻫﻡ ﻟﻬﻡ ﻭﻟﻊ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺷﻌﺭ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﺑﻌﺽ ﻣﻧﻬﻡ ﺣﺗﻰ ﻳﺳﺗﻁﻳﻌﻭﺍ ﻓﻬﻣﻬﻡ ﻣﻥ ﻳﺗﻛﻠﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﻟﻬﻡ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻥ ﺷﻌﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻫﺗﻣﺎﻣﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻗﺭﺍء ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﻐﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺻﻳﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻘﺭﺅﻥ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺋﺢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻣﻬﻡ ﻟﻘﺭﺍء ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺷﻳﻭﺧﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻓﻅﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺟﺎﻟﺱ ﻟﻘﺭﺍءﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﻳﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻛﻝ ﺍﺳﺑﻭﻉ ﻳﺟﺗﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍء ﻻﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻛﺭ ﻳﺣﺿﺭﺓ ﻗﺭﺍء ﻛﺭﻛﻭﻙ ﻣﻥ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻣﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺎﺧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﺔ ﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﻼﻕ ﻭﻋﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺑﺣﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻉ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍء‬
‫ﻭﺍﻁﻌﺎﻣﻬﻡ ‪.‬ﻭﺗﺧﺭﺝ ﻣﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍء ﻭﻗﺭﺍء ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺷﺗﻬﺭﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﻛﺭﻛﻭﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺭﻯ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺯﻯ ﷲ ﺧﻳﺭﺍ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺳﺱ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻳﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻥ ﺑﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻥ ﻭﺳﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻥ ﺍﺣﺗﻔﻅ ﺑﺗﺭﺍﺛﻬﺎ ﻟﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﺫﺧﺭﺍ ﻟﻼﺳﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺷﺭﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪146‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ‬

‫ﺻﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﻣﺰﺧﺮﻑ ﺑﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺪﺱ ﺳﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1227‬ﻫﺠﺮﻱ ﻓﻴﻘﺪﺭﻋﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 200‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻻﻳﺘﻌﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺘﻤﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪5‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺘﻤﺘﺮ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺗﺸﺮﻑ ﺑﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﻩ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ ﻭﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﷲ(‬

‫‪147‬‬
148
149
150
--

151
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﻁ ﻋﻮﻧﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﺻﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺣﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺼﻲ ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﷲ ﻟﻮﻟﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﻂ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺗﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺭﺣﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ" ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﻪ ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﻣﻛﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﺥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﻣﺠﻴﺪ ﻫﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺟﺰﺍﻩ ﷲ ﺧﻴﺮﺍ‬

‫‪152‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ ‪ -‬ﺗﻭﻧﺱ‬

‫ﺍﺧﺗﺻﺎﺭﺍ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ( ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺗﻭﻧﺳﻲ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ )ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺑﻌﺩ ‪ 4‬ﻛﻡ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ ﺑﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ )ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻭﻧﺱ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻳُﻌﺗﺑﺭ ّﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎء ﺍﻟﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺗﻪ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‪ .‬ﻳﺿﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻫﻣﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﺭﻁﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻳﺭﺟﻳﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺩﻗﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺩﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﻳﺣﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺳﻭﺳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪153‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻛﺗﺳﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻧﻲ ﺑﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﺷﻬﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﻔﺿﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎء ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻣﺗﻠﻛﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻌﺩ ﺍﻷﺛﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺛﺭ ﺗﻧ ّﻭﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻔ ّﻧﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ‪ 10895‬ﻡ‪ 2‬ﻭﻓﻧﺎءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺗﻬﺎ ‪5137‬ﻡ‪ 2‬ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪115‬ﻡ‪ 2‬ﻓﺳﻳﺳﻔﺎء ﻣﻔﺭﻭﺷﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻡ ﺗﺩﺷﻳﻧﻪ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1888‬ﻟﻳﺻﺑﺢ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﻭﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻭﺃﻫﻡ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺃﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻁﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻳﻪ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪" 1900‬ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺗﺢ ﻟﻠﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ . 1913‬ﺑﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻘﻼﻝ ﺗﻡ ﺗﺩﺷﻳﻥ ﺃﺟﻧﺣﺔ ﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻁﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1974‬ﻋﺭﺿﺕ‬
‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺳﻳﻔﺳﺎء ﻭﻗﻁﻊ ﺃﺛﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻠﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺯﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺣﺎﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺣﺗﻔﺎﻝ ﺑﻣﺋﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺩﺷﻧﺕ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1987‬ﻭﺃﻋﻳﺩ ﺗﻧﻅﻳﻡ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﺎﻟﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ،1988‬ﺛﻡ ﺃﻋﻳﺩ ﺗﻧﻅﻳﻡ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻧﻭﺯ ﻭﺟﻧﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﻭﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻭﺑﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1995‬ﺩﺷﻧﺕ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﺗﻌﺭﺽ ﺗﻘﺎﻟﻳﺩ ﺗﺳﺭﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺭ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺣﺩﺙ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ‪.‬‬

‫‪154‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻷﺣﺩ ﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﻧﺷﺭﺕ ﻫﻧﺎ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺃﻟﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﻁﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻸﺻﻝ(‬
‫‪http://www.arabufos.com/showthread.php?t=1063‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺷﻬﻳﺭ‬

‫‪155‬‬
‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﻧﻘﻁﺔ‬

‫‪156‬‬
‫ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻘﻁ‬

‫‪157‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﻭ‬- ‫ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﻳﺎ‬-
www.al-hakawati.net/arabic/architecture/castle29.asp ‫ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻭﺍﺗﻲ‬-
:‫ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬-
http://www.informatique-tunisie.com/museebardo/

Adresse : Le musée national du Bardo

Le Bardo-2000
Tunis
Tunisie
Tel : 00(216) -1- 513.650
Fax : 00(216 ) - 1- 513.842

158
 ‫ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻭﺭﻭﻧﺗﻭ ‪ -‬ﻛﻧﺩﺍ‬

‫ﻣﺟﺳﻡ ﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻭﻱ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻭﺭﻭﻧﺗﻭ ﺑﻛﻧﺩﺍ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪2013‬‬

‫ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻫﻭ ﻟﻘﺏ ﺍﺳﺗﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺄﺧﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺑﻳﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻣﺎﻋﻳﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺯﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﺯﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻁﻔﻰ ﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﷲ ﺑﻥ َﻣﻌَ ّﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻧﺻﺭ ﺑﺎ´‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺿﺭ ﻳﻧﺗﺷﺭ ﺃﺗﺑﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺭﻕ ﺃﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺧﺭﺝ ﻣﻥ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻫﺎﺭﻓﺎﺭﺩ ﻋﺎﻡ‬‫ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻫﻭ ﺷﺎﻩ ﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ ﺃﻏﺎﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺣﻔﻳﺩ ﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺷﺎﻩ‪ّ .‬‬
‫‪ 1959‬ﻭﺣﺻﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ "ﺍﻟﺑﻛﺎﻟﻭﺭﻳﻭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﻳﺗﻘﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻧﻛﻠﻳﺯﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪159‬‬
 ‫ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ‬

‫ﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﻁﺎﺋﻔﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣﺳﻳﻥ ﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻳﺷﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ ٢٥‬ﺑﻠﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻣﻲ ‪ -‬ﻭﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻛﺛّﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺭﻕ ﺃﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻭﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ ﻭﻭﺳﻁ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻛﻥ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ً ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺛﻝ ﻣﺻﺭ )ﻣﺛﻼً ﺣﺩﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺭ( ﻭﺳﻭﺭﻳﺎ )ﻣﺛﻼً ﺗﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﻣﺣﻳﻁ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺣﻠﺏ(‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻭﺳﻊ ﻧﺷﺎﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻭﻅﻑ ﺃﻛﺛﺭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻝ‬‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻷﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻺﺳﻣﺎﻋﻳﻠﻳﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﻣﻝ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ ٦٠‬ﺃﻟﻑ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﺎﻣﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻧﻔﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﺷﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺭﺑﺣﻳﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻭﻕ ‪ ٤٥٠‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﺃﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ ﺳﻧﻭﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪.٢٠٠٨‬‬

‫ﺗﻣﺗﻠﻙ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺍﻵﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻏﻧﻳﺔ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺳﻳﺗﻡ ﺗﻘﺩﻳﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺁﻏﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺭﺭ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻋﺎﻣﻳﻥ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺗﻭﺭﻭﻧﺗﻭ ﺑﻛﻧﺩﺍ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺿﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻟﻑ ﻋﻣﻝ ﻓﻧﻲ ﻳﺩﻭﻱ ﻳﻐﻁﻲ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﺃﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺭﺍﻣﻳﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺧﺷﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻣﺎﺵ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﺟﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﺳﺗﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻌﺩ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻔﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺗﻧﺗﻘﻝ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺁﻏﺎ ﺧﺎﻥ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺗﻭﺭﻭﻧﺗﻭ ﺑﻛﻧﺩﺍ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪2013‬ﻡ‬

‫‪160‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪161‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﺫﻫﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

‫‪162‬‬
 ‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻣﻐﺭﺑﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻗﻳﺎﺱ ‪ 47.3‬ﺑــ ‪ 98.5‬ﺳﻡ ﺧﻁﺕ ﺑﻭﺳﻁ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻳﻣﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1400‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪163‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﺯﺩﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻳﻣﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﺳﻧﺔ ‪1350-1300‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫‪164‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻁﺭﺳﺑﻭﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺳﻳﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﻳﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ ‪ Hermitage Museum‬ﺑﻁﺭﺳﺑﺭﺝ )ﻟﻳﻧﻧﺟﺭﺍﺩ( ‪.1779‬ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺷﻌﺑﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻧﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺣﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻭﻓﻳﺗﻲ ﻭﻭﺍﺣﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻠﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻳﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺭﻧﺳﻲ ﻭﺗﻌﻧﻲ »ﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺧﻠﻭﺓ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺑﺩء ﺍﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻧﺫ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺑﻁﺭﺱ ﺑﺭﺝ ﺍﻷﻛﺑﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺻﻑ ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﺭﺍﺛﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺳﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻧﺣﻭﺗﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺃﻧﺣﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻳﺩﺍﻟﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﻣﺛﻝ ﺣﺿﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺷﻌﻭﺏ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﻳﻭﻣﻧﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻹﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ )‪.(1796 - 1762‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻭﺍﻟﻳﺩ‬
‫‪ 1729‬ﻣﻥ ﺍﺻﻝ ﺃﻟﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻫﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﻭﺟﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺧﺻﻭﺻﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﻣﺎﺛﻳﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻳﺗﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺳﺗﺷﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ ﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻟﻳﺟﻣﻌﻭﺍ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻛﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗﻭﻯ ﻓﻧﻲ ﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻭﻧﺳﺧﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻟﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻧﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﻩ ﺍﻹﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 1796‬ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺟﻣﻌﺗﻬﺎ ‪.3926‬‬

‫‪165‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺭﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻥ ﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻁﺭﺱ ﺑﺭﺝ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺳﺗﺎﻟﻳﻧﺟﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻳﻧﻧﺟﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺿﻣﺕ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺑﻁﺭﺱ ﺑﺭﺝ ﺍﻷﻛﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﻛﻝ ﻧﻔﻳﺱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‪ .‬ﻳﺗﻭﺯﻉ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻁﻭﺍﺑﻖ ﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﻋﺑﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻣﺱ ﻣﺑﺎﻥ ﺷﺑﻪ ﻣﺗﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺑﻌﺿﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺑﻌﺽ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺏ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻳﺗﺭﺳﺑﺭﻍ‪ .‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﺷﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺣﺗﻰ ﻋﻬﺩ ﻗﺭﻳﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺳﻣﻲ ﻷﺑﺎﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﻳﺎﺻﺭﺓ ﺭﻭﺳﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺛﻡ ﻣﺳﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﻬﻳﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﺄﺟﺯﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻬﻳﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻐﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺙ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺫﻛﺭ ﺃﺣﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺳﻳﻳﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺩﺍء ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻣﻧﻅﻡ ﻭﺑﻳﻪ ﻗﻁﻊ ﻛﺛﻳﺭﺓ ﻭﺿﻌﺕ ﺑﺟﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻌﺿﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻧﺳﻳﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺷﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺗﻳﻪ ﻓﺎﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﺕ ﺑﺟﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﻠﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﺭﺩﻳﺋﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺳﻣﻭﺣﺎ ﻟﻠﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭ ﺃﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻋﺩ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺗﻘﺿﻰ ﺑﺎﻥ ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺋﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻫﻧﺩﺍﻡ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻳﻠﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﻼﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻛﻲ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻔﻰ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﺎﻫﻳﺭﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺑﻁﺭﺱ ﺑﺭﺝ ﻓﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺻﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺭﺳﺗﻘﺭﺍﻁﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺏ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﻳﺭﻫﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺩ ﻗﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺛﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺳﻳﺔ ﺍﻧﺗﻘﻠﺕ ﻣﻠﻛﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻣﺑﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﺏ‪.‬‬

‫‪166‬‬
 ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺳﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻳﺿﻡ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﺗﻣﻳﺯﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻵﺷﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻳﻭﻧﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻛﻝ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﻭﻧﺻﻑ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﻹﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ ﺳﺟﻝ ﻏﻳﻧﻳﺱ ﻷﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪167‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ ﻭﻣﻁﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻔﺎﺻﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ(‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪1843‬ﻡ ﺧﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻭﺣﺔ ﺗﻌﺭﻳﻔﻪ "ﺟﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﻣﻲ" )؟(‬

‫‪168‬‬
‫ﻣﺣﻔﻅﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻥ ﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪1880‬ﻡ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺑﺎ‬

‫‪169‬‬
‫ﻣﺣﻔﻅﺔ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻵﻟﻰء ﺗﻔﺳﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ )ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻳﺔ( ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪1579-1578‬‬

‫‪170‬‬
‫ﻗﻭﺍﻟﺏ ﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﻟﺩﻋﺎء ﻣﻥ ﺳﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﻘﺭﺓ ﻧﻘﺷﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫‪www.hermitagemuseum.org‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻓﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﻣﻳﺗﺎﺝ‬
‫‪www.arthermitage.org‬‬
‫‪3.‬ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﻳﺎ‬

‫‪Address: Palace Embankment, 34, St Petersburg, Russia, 191186‬‬

‫‪Phone:+7 812 571-84-46‬‬

‫‪171‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻻﻫﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻻﻫﻭﺭ ‪ -‬ﺑﺎﻛﺳﺗﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻻﮨﻭﺭ ﻋﺟﺎﺋﺏ ﮔﻬﺭ‬
‫ﻻﮨﻭﺭ ﻣﻳﻭﺯﻳﻡ‬

‫‪source: wikipedia‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺱ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1894‬ﻭ ﻳﻌﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺩﺍ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺷﻬﺭ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪172‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻻﻫﻭﺭ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1900‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://www.harappa.com/bremner/1.html‬‬

‫ﻳﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﻣﺎ ﻳﺯﻳﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ 20‬ﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺭﺽ ﻭ ﻳﺄﺧﺫ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺷﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺭﺟﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺣﺿﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺳﻧﺩ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺩﻥ )ﻣﻭﺋﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻭ( ﻭ )ﻫﺎﺭﺍﺑﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻊ ﺃﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺧﺯﻓﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺃﺳﻠﺣﺔ ﻭ ﻣﻧﺳﻭﺟﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺗﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻭ ّ‬
‫ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﻭﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺧﻲ ﻭ ﻗﻁﻊ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺯﻣﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺃﺩﺕ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺳﻳﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﺗﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ )ﺗﻣﺛﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﻭﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﺋﻡ( ﻭ ﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻭ ﻧﺻﻭﺹ ﺩﻳﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪173‬‬
: http://www.flickr.com/photos/leena/2488215503/in/photostream/‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

174
 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://www.flickr.com/photos/manitoon/322831504/‬‬

‫ﺭﻗﻌﺗﺎﻥ ﺧﻁ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺗﻧﺳﺑﺎﻥ ﻟﻺﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻥ ﺭﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻧﻪ )؟(‬
‫ﺍﺳﺗﻌﺎﺩﺗﻬﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﻛﺳﺗﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺳﺭﻗﻬﻣﺎ ﻁﺑﻳﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﻳﺵ ﺍﻻﻳﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪2001‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://www.islamicvoice.com/september.2003/news.htm‬‬

‫‪175‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬1.
lahoremuseum.org/
2. Lahore Museum - Wikiprdia
‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻻﻫﻭﺭ ـ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻟﺑﺭﺗﺎ‬3.
http://www.ualberta.ca/~rnoor/lahore_museum.html
4. Nazaria-i-Pakistan Trust
http://www.nazariapak.info/culture/gloriousart.asp

Address: Mall Rd, Lahore, Pakistan

176
 ‫ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﺭﺟﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺩﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺩ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﺭﺟﺎﻡ ﺃﺣﺩﻯ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺗﻣﻳﺯ ﺑﺧﺻﺎﺋﺹ ﻭﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﺧﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺟﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﺎﻟﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻭﺗﻘﺔ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻧﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫‪1.‬ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫‪2.‬ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫‪3.‬ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻧﺩﻟﺱ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺗﺭﺓ ﻁﻭﻳﻠﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻛﻧﻭﺯ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺧﻁﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺃﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻧﻔﻳﺳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻣﺷﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻣﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺧﺷﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪177‬‬
 ‫ﺳﻣﻭ ﺍﻟﺷﻳﺦ ﻣﺎﺟﺩ ﻳﻔﺗﺗﺢ ﻣﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﺭﺟﺎﻡ‬
‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ)‬

‫ﺗﻘﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻣﺟﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺩﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺑﺭﺍﻣﺞ ﺗﺛﻘﻳﻔﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﻌﺩﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻧﻳﺔ ﺗﺭﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻓﻅ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺅﺳﺳﺔ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﺗﺭﺑﻭﻳﺔ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻧﺷﺄﺕ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 2008‬ﻭﻣﺭﻛﺯﻫﺎ ﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺩﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﺩﻳﻥ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ)‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪178‬‬
‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﺩﻳﻥ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ)‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﺩﻳﻥ ﻛﺗﺑﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ)‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪179‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻋﺛﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ)‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﻛﺷﻣﻳﺭ ﺧﻁ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺦ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ‬

‫‪180‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ ﻣﺯﺭﻛﺷﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﻧﻁﻘﺔ ﻛﺷﻣﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻱ‬
)‫(ﺍﺿﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﻛﺑﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ‬
www.farjamcollection.org
Panoptikon
http://thepanoptikon.blogspot.com/2009_08_01_archive.html
‫ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﺗﺣﺎﺩ‬
http://www.alittihad.ae/details.php?id=23367&y=2009
Zawya
http://www.zawya.com/arabic/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20100316094906/

Tel: + 971 (0) 4 323 0303

Fax: + 971 (0) 4 323 0308
info@farjamcollection.org

181
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻭﺳﻁﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﻭﺳﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺩﺍ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻭﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﺯﻳﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﻥ ‪ 450000‬ﻋﻣﻝ ﻓﻧﻲ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﻐﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1870‬ﻭﺗﻡ ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ .1876‬ﻭﻣﻭﻗﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻧﺗﻳﻧﺟﺗﻭﻥ ‪Huntington‬ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1909‬ﻭﻣﻧﺫ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺃﺿﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﺟﻧﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻭﺳﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪182‬‬
 ‫ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻗﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻟﺣﺩﻳﻘﺔ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺗﺫﻛﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: www2.iath.virginia.edu‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻹﺷﺭﺍﻓﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺎﺣﻑ ﻳﻧﺗﺳﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺩﺭﺳﺔ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﻭﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺷﻘﻳﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻳﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻧﺎﺟﻭﻳﺎ‪ /‬ﺑﻭﺳﻁﻥ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻳﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻋﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻭﻣﺗﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﻗﻳﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺻﻭﻳﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺳﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻣﺷﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺯﻳﺎء ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺛﺔ ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺗﺯﻳﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻣﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺟﺯﺋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪183‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪184‬‬
 ‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺭﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺷﺭﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫‪185‬‬
 ‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺷﺭﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪186‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺷﺭ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺷﺭﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪187‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﻠﻭﻛﻲ ﺑﻣﺻﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪188‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﻋﺑﺩ ﷲ ﺑﻥ ﻓﺿﻝ ﷲ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺇﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪189‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻋﺷﺭ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫‪--‬‬

‫‪190‬‬
‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻓﺭﻳﻘﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻥ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
www.mfa.org
Boston Museum of Fine Arts‫ ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﻳﺎ‬.2
‫ ﺑﻭﺳﻁﻥ‬/‫ ﻧﺎﺟﻭﻳﺎ‬.3
www.nagoya-boston.or.jp

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Avenue of the Arts
465 Huntington Avenue
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
General Information: 617-267-9300

191
‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﻼﻧﺩﺯ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻧﺷﺳﺗﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﺷﺳﺗﺭ ‪ -‬ﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﺎ‬

‫‪192‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺄﺳﺳﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﺑﻭﺍﺳﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻧﺭﻳﻛﻳﺗﺎ ﺍﻭﻏﺳﺗﻳﻧﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﻼﻧﺩﺯ ‪Enriqueta Augustina Rylands‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﺎء ﻟﺫﻛﺭﻯ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺭﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﻛﻠﻳﺯﻱ ﺟﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﻼﻧﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻓﺗﺗﺣﺕ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1900‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﻭﻥ ﺭﺍﻳﻼﻧﺩﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: www.library.manchester.ac.uk/bulletin/‬‬

‫ﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ ﺗﺗﻧﺎﻭﻝ ﻣﻭﺍﺿﻳﻊ ﺩﻳﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺩﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ ﻭﻏﻳﺭ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻭﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﻛﻠﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﺣﺗﻝ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 20000‬ﻣﺗﺭ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺩﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻧﺷﺳﺗﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪1972‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪193‬‬
 ‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺗﻐﻁﻲ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 50‬ﻟﻐﺔ ﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ﺗﺯﻳﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﻗﺭﻭﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺧﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://blog.neilalexanderphotography.com/2010/05/12/john-rylands-library/‬‬

‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‬

‫ﻣﺻﺣﻑ ﻗﺎﻧﺻﻭﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﻭﺭﻱ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺙ ﺑﺎﺳﻡ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻧﺷﺳﺗﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺎء ﺑﻠﻧﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺍ ﻹﺣﺩﻯ ﻧﺳﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻷﻛﺛﺭ ﺃﻫﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺳﺗﻧﺷﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺑﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺗﺭﻧﺕ‪.‬ﻭﺃﻭﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺙ ﺑﺎﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﻳﻌﺭﺽ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺯﺧﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﻭﺑﺔ ﺑﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 500‬ﺳﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺷﻳﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻗﻳﻣﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻛﻥ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻫﺷﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﻳﻔﺔ ﻟﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻟﻡ ﺗﻣﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﻣﻥ ﻋﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ‪.‬ﻭﺃﺿﺎﻑ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺗﺿﻡ ‪470‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﺣﺟﻣﻬﺎ ‪ 60‬ﺳﻧﺗﻳﻣﺗﺭﺍ ﺏ‪ 88‬ﺳﻧﺗﻳﻣﺗﺭﺍ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻟﺗﻠﻔﺯﻳﻭﻥ ﺑﻼﺯﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺷﻳﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺣﻔﻭﻅﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺟﻭﻥ ﺭﻳﻼﻧﺩﺯ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻧﺷﺳﺗﺭ ﺑﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺇﻧﺟﻠﺗﺭﺍ‪.‬ﻭﻳﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺧﺑﺭﺍء ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻧﻭﻟﻭﺟﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺗﺻﻭﻳﺭ ﻛﻝ ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺑﻬﺩﻑ ﻧﺷﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻧﺗﺭﻧﺕ ﺑﻐﻳﺔ ﺗﻣﻛﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻁﻼﺏ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺩﻭﻳﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﺳﺧﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺎﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﺍﺧﺗﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺭﺧﻳﻥ ﺑﺷﺄﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺩﻳﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺗﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺻﻑ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﻣﺱ ﻋﺷﺭ‪.‬ﻭﺳﻳﺳﺎﻋﺩ ﺗﺣﻠﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣﺩﻳﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﺩﻗﺔ‪.‬ﻭﻳﻌﺗﻘﺩ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ )ﻗﺎﻧﺻﻭﻩ ﺍﻟﻐﻭﺭﻱ( ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺣﺩ ﺁﺧﺭ ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻁﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻣﺎﻟﻳﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺻﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ ﻟﻸﻧﺑﺎء‬

‫‪194‬‬
 4 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

: http://mmems.wordpress.com/‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

195
 : www.library.manchester.ac.uk‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

: http://www.benaa.com/Read.asp?PID=1880808&cnt=-2&Sec=0‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

196
 : http://www.benaa.com/Read.asp?PID=1880808&cnt=-2&Sec=0‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬

:‫ﻣﻼﺣﻅﺔ‬
.‫ﻟﻡ ﺍﺳﺗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﻛﺩ ﺑﻌﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺧﻁﻳﺔ ﺃﺧﺭﻯ ﺑﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬.1
www.library.manchester.ac.uk
2. MMEMS project
http://mmems.wordpress.com/
The John Rylands Library‫ ﻭﻳﻛﻳﺑﻳﺩﻳﺎ‬.3
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺑﻧﺎء‬.4
http://www.benaa.com/Read.asp?PID=1880808&cnt=-2&Sec=0

The John Rylands Library

150 Deansgate
Manchester
M3 3EH
Tel: 0161 306 0555

197
 ‫ﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺩﻳﺗﺭﻭﻳﺕ ﻟﻠﻔﻧﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺗﺭﻭﻳﺕ ‪ -‬ﻣﻳﺗﺷﻳﻐﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‬

‫‪The Detroit Institute of Arts DIA‬‬

‫ﻳﺿﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻭﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﻠﺩﻱ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻧﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺩﺭ ﺑﺄﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺑﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ ﺃﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﺳﺱ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1885‬ﻡ ﻭﺷﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺳﻌﺔ ﻣﻧﺫ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻭﺟﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﺋﺔ ﺻﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺭﺽ ﺗﻐﻁﻲ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ‪ 61‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻣﺗﺭ ﻣﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 65‬ﺃﻟﻑ ﻋﻣﻝ ﻓﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻧﻭﻥ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻧﻘﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺣﺗﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1300‬ﻋﻣﻝ ﻓﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ ﻭﺗﺿﻡ ﺣﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 2600‬ﻋﻣﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪198‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺑﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/23/arts/design/23detr.html‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﺟﻐﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ ﺗﻣﺗﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺎ ﻭﺣﺗﻰ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺽ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭﻳﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻳﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﻭﺍﺳﻁﺔ ﻭﺇﺷﺭﺍﻑ ﻓﻳﻠﻬﻠﻡ ﻓﺎﻟﻧﺗﻳﻧﺭ ‪Wilhelm‬‬
‫‪Valentiner‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺭﺍﻣﻳﻙ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ ﻭﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﺳﻭﺭﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺷﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻣﺷﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺻﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺷﻐﺎﻝ ﺣﻳﺎﻛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺇﻳﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺟﺎﺩ ﻣﻥ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ ﻭﻏﻳﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺛﻳﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪199‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻣﺎﺫﺝ‪:‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/411d4805 -50d6-4388-a250-bb11cdfb9b87.aspx?position=3‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/411d4805 -50d6-4388-a250-bb11cdfb9b87.aspx?position=3‬‬

‫‪200‬‬
 ‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/5931e81c -c9db-473c -9106-7eff7bc2fe5e.aspx?position=17‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪201‬‬
 ‫ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺭﻳﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻗﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻳﻼﺩﻱ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻳﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/b97eecc2-1320 -472a-9628-8e5045b98835.aspx?position=21‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫‪202‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ‪1500/1450‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/48dbde04-b6d4-455d-b588-cdb92439a381.aspx‬‬

‫‪--‬‬

‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﺫﻫﺑﺔ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ‪1560/1450‬ﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://www.dia.org/object-info/48dbde04-b6d4-455d-b588-cdb92439a381.aspx‬‬

‫‪203‬‬
 :‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
www.dia.org
‫ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‬.2
http://islamicartsmagazine.com/blog/view/islamic_collection_in_dia_quran/

Address: 5200 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States

Phone: 313.833.7900
operator@dia.org

‫ﺇﻗﺗﺑﺎﺱ ﺭﺩ‬

204
 ‫ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺃﺷﻣﻭﻟﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻭﻛﺳﻔﻭﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺭﻳﻁﺎﻧﻳﺎ‬

‫‪The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻭﺷﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺑﺑﻧﺎﺋﻪ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺗﺭﺓ ‪1683-1678‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺢ ﻟﻠﻣﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺟﻣﻬﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1863‬‬
‫ﻛﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﻭﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﻣﻠﺣﻖ ﺑﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻛﺳﻔﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﺳﻣﻲ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻳﺎﺱ ﺃﺷﻣﻭﻝ ‪Elias Ashmole‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﻓﻰ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1692‬ﻭ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﺳﻳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻛﻠﻳﺯﻱ ﻭﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻑ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺑﺩﺃ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺑﻘﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺋﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﺣﻣﻝ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ »ﺗﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺿﻡ ﺑﺎﺑﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﺷﺏ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻫﻣﺎ ﺗﻲ ﺇﻱ ﻟﻭﺭﺍﻧﺱ )ﻟﻭﺭﺍﻧﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ( ﻟﻠﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺷﺗﺭﺍﻫﻣﺎ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺟﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﻣﺩﻳﻧﺔ ﺟﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻓﺗﻭﺟﺩ ﻓﻳﻪ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ »ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ« ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺗﻛﺷﻑ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻧﻳﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟـ‪ 17‬ﻭﺍﻟـ‪ .19‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻝ ﻓﻳﻘﺩﻡ ﻟﻣﺣﺎﺕ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﻭﺩﻳﻭﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻣﻳﻡ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻗﻳﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻳﻡ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﺣﻑ‪ ،‬ﻳﺿﻡ ‪ 39‬ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﺭﺽ ﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻧﺎ ﻳﻘﻭﻝ ﺑﺭﺍﻭﻥ ﺑﻔﺧﺭ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺑﻧﺳﺑﺔ ‪ %100‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﻓﻳﻪ ﺗﻣﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻳﻥ ﻗﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻌﺭﺽ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻗﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﻗﺗﺔ ﻭﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﻭﺩﻳﻭﻫﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺗﺭﻣﻳﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ‪..‬‬

‫‪205‬‬
 ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ ‪:‬‬
‫‪http://jameelcentre.ashmolean.org/media/source/islamic_middle_east_from_bridge.jpg‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺣﺗﻝ ﻣﺭﻛﺯ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ 31‬ﺑﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﻳﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﺿﻡ ﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺎﺕ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩ ﻭﺟﻧﻭﺏ ﺷﺭﻕ ﺁﺳﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻳﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﻛﻭﺭﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺟﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺳﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﻳﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﺳﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﻳﺭ ﺳﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺗﺑﺭﻉ ﺑﻣﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 2‬ﻣﻠﻳﻭﻥ ﺟﻧﻳﻪ ﺇﺳﺗﺭﻟﻳﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬
‫ﻹﻳﺟﺎﺩ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻌﺭﺽ ﻣﻘﺗﻧﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻧﺢ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺢ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻛﺳﻔﻭﺭﺩ ﻟﻠﻁﻠﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﻌﻭﺩﻳﻳﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪206‬‬
 :‫ﻧﻣﻭﺫﺝ‬
)‫(ﻧﻣﻭﺫﺝ ﻭﺣﻳﺩ ﺣﺳﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻣﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ‬

‫ﻣﺧﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﻗﺭﺁﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺧﻁ ﺍﻟﻛﻭﻓﻲ‬

:‫ﺍﻟﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺻﻐﺭﺓ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‬
http://jameelcenter.ashmolean.org/media/collection/w800/Collections/Single_Objects/EA/EA_1996/EA_1996_0000/EA_1996_54-a-L.jpg

:‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬.1
www.ashmolean.org
‫ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﺔ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻝ‬.2
http://jameelcenter.ashmolean.org
3. Eastern Art Online
http://availableonline.wordpress.com/2010/03/04/eastern-art-online/
2009/10/30 ‫ ﺟﺭﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻁ‬.4

Address: Beaumont St, Oxford OX1 2PH, United Kingdom

Phone: 01865 278000

207
208