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Civil Disobedience
Civil Disobedience
Prachi Wahi
20 Feb 2013
by Thoreau after his refusal to pay the state poll tax effectuated by the American
government to pursue war with Mexico and to implement the Fugitive Slave Law.
against the State not just in America but across continents, like in India by M. K.
weapon for individuals to undermine the dictatorial dominance of the State under
etc. However, here one would be tempted to analyze this concept and the form it
few individuals [use] the standing government as their tool...” (Thoreau 1). Thus,
the reason that, even though not actively being a participant in war, by paying
taxes; citizens become slaves to the ideology that supports war, crushed by the
overarching power of the State, which is no less than dictatorship. In this regard,
Thoreau says, “...if one HONEST man, in this State of Massachusetts, ceasing to
hold slaves, were actually to withdraw from this co-partnership, and be locked up
Under a government which imprisons unjustly, the true place for a just man is
juncture where Thoreau too arrives. In chapter XXXI, after much “thinking” and
vacillation over the choice of whether or not to let Jim fell back into the mouth of
This is what Thoreau too proclaims, that the only way to deal with the
authoritative government, is “to be put out and locked out of the State by her
own act, as they have already put themselves out by their principles” (Thoreau 7).
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Further, it is worth taking into account that the idea of civil disobedience,
particularly when posed against the whole State and governmental authority,
power” (Thoreau 14) as the basis for a truly progressed State. What Thoreau
In Huck Finn too, one can find Huck, troubled by the duality of the so-called
civilized people of his society, taking a retreat into solitude, and later, following
the voice of his “conscience” to liberate Jim from the clutches of slavery.
According to Robert C. Evans, “any act of civil disobedience is rooted in a prior act
conscience... His chief commitment is...” to a “principle higher than personal self-
interest” (Evans 21,22). For instance, the disruptive disobedience of law by the
Duke and Dauphin to loot and plunder, in Huck Finn, is not to be considered an
act of civil disobedience that Thoreau wants to invoke. Similarly, in chapter VI,
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when Pap yells out his frustration at the “govment,” one is supposed to read the
...but when they told me there was a State in this country where
Such form of civil disobedience that violates the freedom of others and prospers
Evans argues, towards the end of the book, due to the “evasion” scheme of Tom
Sawyer, Huck too becomes “Tom’s willing accomplice” (Evans 29) by yielding to
Tom’s “bogus plan for civil disobedience” (Evans 25) and “a desire for selfish
adventure” (Evans 26) in the name of liberating Jim. On the other hand, it is
eventually in Jim that one can encounter a genuine will for civil disobedience and
“a highly developed conscience” (Evans 23) who runs away not just to secure his
Thus, one may conclude by saying that Thoreau’s civil disobedience calls for
individuals to “resign [their] office” (Thoreau 7) when needed, and not to remain
Works Cited
Evans, Robert C. "Civil Disobedience and the Ending of Mark Twain's The
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn." Bloom, Harold. Bloom's Literary Themes:
Civil Disobedience. Ed. Blake Hobby. New York: Infobase publishing, 2010.
21-29.
Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). Ed. Thomas Cooley. 3rd. W.
W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2010.