You are on page 1of 123

Preface

“Adele has a pleasant demeanor. She is attractive in an unobtrusive way, and has
a nice smile. Those who know her find it hard to believe that there is anything seriously
wrong with her. . . For the first 15 minutes or so of my meeting with her, this demeanor
prevailed. When, however, she began to tell of the abuse she had received, this ‘front,’
as she called it, broke, and she began to cry.__________................................__
Was this front a defense, as she implied by the use of the word, or was it something
else as well?. . . This front, which is discontinuous [from her] emotional state,
[represents an] aspect of her disconnectedness. There is a ‘split’ between. . . an
‘apparently normal personality’ and another, ‘emotional personality’” (85, pg. 2-3).

What happens [in early childhood] is that the emotional part, the feeling part of
a person gets locked away, to keep it out of sight. Because somehow that person, as
young as she is, has encountered experiences that make her think that she is very, very,
very bad, because she gets the feeling that her own parents don’t love her and don’t
like her. And that person pulls that experience to herself, she thinks that her parents
don’t love her and don’t like her because she is a very bad person. Other kids might
think ‘my parents are so wrong, I’ll show [them]’, this kid however thinks it’s all her
fault. So she locks away her true self, so that nobody will discover that she is actually
a very bad person. _______________________________________..............
She does that at such a young age that a) she doesn’t really know that she is doing
that and b) she will later not remember doing that. ___________________......
As a consequence, a borderline is not aware that her true self, her Feeling, is not
present. She goes through life on her Mind alone. She tries to copy behavior from
others but lacks in details, because there is no real feeling behind it. Basically a
borderline learns to act appropriately, but she has trouble generalizing the things she
learns.
I am not saying though that a borderline is pretending. That would mean that she
is doing it on purpose and that she is aware that she is pretending. A borderline is not
aware of this, at all. She thinks that the way she is, is normal. Because for her it is. As
long as she can remember, she has been like that. And since people generally don’t
know this about borderline. . . they don’t challenge that belief.”
Source: Quora - Borderline Personality Disorder_..
“People with BPD have been among the most engaging as well as the most
provocative of my patients. . . Their treatment has been ridden with crises, challenges,
and opportunities for both patient and therapist to learn. [In the therapeutic setting,
individuals with BPD] test our limits and probe deeply at our inadequacies.
During my years of teaching medical and psychiatry students, I have seen
powerful emotional reactions to people with BPD. Some trainees become deeply
entangled with such patients and develop fantasies of rescuing them from their
suffering. Others find themselves suddenly involved with their patients in intense,
often hostile power struggles. . . [Individuals with BPD] have provided both the
sweetest successes and the most bitter failures of my years as a psychotherapist, for
[they] have brought to the therapeutic arena the full fury and poignancy of years of
emotional turmoil” (87, pg. xi-1).


Introduction
Etiology
(5).
DSM-5: Diagnostic Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o

o
o
Dr. Masterson also states that “the real self. . . is a master at holding various self-images
together, and one of its first tasks, when the child is around age three, is to fuse and hold together
the two parallel images of the self. The same effort must be undertaken in terms of the two mother-
images. . . In normal development, the real self fuses these two images of the mother into one. Over
time the child must learn to perceive both himself and mother as whole, constant individuals. . . At
the same time as the split is being healed, the child, through identifying with the mother. . . develops
better reality perception, frustration tolerance, impulse control, and ego boundaries. Instead of
allowing the images to remain split into their good and bad components, the child learns to repress
the negative aspects into the unconscious. Personality development depends on repression
because the drives and feelings that are repressed enter the unconscious for sublimation. . . The
child discovers that his mother loves him with his emerging and separating self no matter what” (86,
pg. 34-35). However, for individuals with BPD,





o

“Patient X’s Negative Narrative” (Distortion Campaign)


Treatment






72).
[It is important to highlight that BPD was developed in the context of relationships (with family
members, etc.) during childhood, so it must be treated in the context of a relationship (a therapeutic
relationship between an individual with BPD and a mental health professional). Only once a therapeutic
alliance is established can the modes be ‘reached,’ which is when a therapist can guide the individual
with BPD [limited reparenting], similar to what I did in the paragraph above). An individual with BPD
cannot do this on their own, and anyone who is not a mental health professional (i.e., psychologist,
psychiatrist, or licensed therapist) that is trained in schema therapy should not attempt to conduct
schema therapy [or any type of therapy] with an individual with BPD (or any mental illness)]
For more information on Schema Therapy (ST), see the following:
Extra material
Extra material, Part 2
References
(1) http://www.borderlinecentral.com/articles/primaryrelationship.php
[from here, also use this quote: “The here and now for people with Borderline Personality
Disorder, especially when trying to relate to other people, is lost to their past, over and over
again, and in ways that just continue to increase their own suffering and the pain and
suffering of those around them as well.” When talking about the knife incident.
(2) https://blog.cognifit.com/fear-of-abandonment-and-borderline-personality-disorder/
(3) https://patch.com/california/carlsbad/the-stable-instability-of-patients-with-borderline-
personality-disorder-and-the-difficulty-clinicians-face-trying-to-treat-them
(4) https://organizationalchangesolutions.wordpress.com/2011/03/11/deception-and-the-
borderline-personality-what-could-have-been/
(5) https://bpded.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40479-017-0075-3
(6) https://www.verywellmind.com/borderline-personality-disorder-statistics-425481
(7) http://unresolvedabandonment.com/2010/03/abandonmentinborderlinepersonalityaudioaj
mahari/
(8) http://www.primals.org/articles/hannig03.html
(9) http://www.primals.org/articles/hannig03.html
(10) http://www.toddlertime.com/dx/borderline/when.htm
(11) Kaplan MCAT Behavioral Sciences Review 2018-2019 (Book) [pg. 271]
(12) https://www.psycom.net/depression.central.borderline.html
(13) https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9670.php
(14) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurosis
(15) https://www.verywellmind.com/borderline-personality-disorder-meaning-425191
(16) https://www.dbtselfhelp.com/html/bpd_criteria.html
(17)

(18) https://www.cliffsidemalibu.com/dual-diagnosis/borderline-personality-disorder/
(19) http://www.sakkyndig.com/psykologi/artvit/crawford2009.pdf
(20) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2819472/
(21) http://www.borderlinecentral.com/articles/primaryrelationship.php
(22) https://www.verywellmind.com/emotional-invalidation-425156
(23) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_disturbance
(24) http://www.borderlinepersonality.ca/bordertruthbehindmasks.htm
(25) https://www.verywellmind.com/emotionally-invalidating-environment-425303
(26) https://www.google.com/search?ei=nYE2W7XSLpOr8AO6uJSwDA&q=emotional+inhibition+
in+children+npd&oq=emotional+inhibition+in+children+npd&gs_l=psy-
ab.3...8621.9492.0.9699.4.4.0.0.0.0.84.311.4.4.0....0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..0.0.0....0.CmWau2EOzVw
(27) https://core.eqi.org/invalid.htm
(28) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK195987/)
(29) https://medium.com/@KevinRedmayne/its-all-in-your-head-borderline-personality-
disorder-and-the-brain-c14b66eb0966
(30) http://www.bpddemystified.com/overview/
(31) https://mental-health-matters.com/bpd-when-will-i-ever-know-who-i-am/
(32) http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/
(33) https://www.elementsbehavioralhealth.com/personality-disorders-2/borderline-
personality-and-identity-understanding-yourself-in-order-to-heal/
(34) https://www.frankyeomans.com/assets/WebsiteTFP.ppt
(35) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17652950
(36) http://www.swapassessment.org/wp-
content/uploads/2013/01/SWAP_13._psychodynamics_of_bpd_Bradley_dev_and_psychopa
thology_2006.pdf
(37) https://charlottefarhanartactivism.com/2017/05/16/the-looking-glass-identity-on-the-
borderline/
(38) http://gettinbetter.com/anatomy.html
(39) https://www.quora.com/Why-do-people-with-BPD-fear-abandonment/answer/Tatiana-
Reeder?share=893eeb4c&srid=hY1DF
(40) http://www.hakomiinstitute.com/Forum/Issue19-
21/4Linda%20Baird,%20Childhood%20Trauma2.pdf
(41) https://www.quora.com/Is-it-possible-to-be-your-real-self-if-you-have-BPD
(42) https://www.quora.com/Is-it-possible-to-be-your-real-self-if-you-have-BPD/answer/Aj-
Mahari?share=6a7b698a&srid=hY1DF
(43) https://www.quora.com/Is-it-possible-to-be-your-real-self-if-you-have-BPD/answer/Aj-
Mahari?share=6a7b698a&srid=hY1DF
(44) https://www.verywellmind.com/borderline-personality-disorder-identity-issues-425488
(45) http://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780198530213.001.0001/med-
9780198530213-chapter-001
(46) https://thebernardbert.wordpress.com/2013/11/14/identity-disturbance/
(47) https://thebernardbert.wordpress.com/2013/11/14/identity-disturbance/
(48) https://www.austenriggs.org/blog-post/how-does-bpd-manifest
(49) http://www.hakomiinstitute.com/Forum/Issue19-
21/4Linda%20Baird,%20Childhood%20Trauma2.pdf
(50) http://www.hakomiinstitute.com/Forum/Issue19-
21/4Linda%20Baird,%20Childhood%20Trauma2.pdf
(51) https://www.quora.com/Can-someone-with-BPD-if-they-know-and-accept-that-they-have-
BPD-learn-to-recognize-when-their-thinking-and-reactions-are-becoming-counterproductive-
and-step-back-before-they-harm-themselves-and-others-How-can-I-help-my-partner-learn-
to-do-this/answer/Laura-Hurt?share=6de69485&srid=hY1DF
(52) https://mental-health-matters.com/the-false-self-in-borderline-personality-disorder-and-
pathological-narcicssism/
(53) https://www.healthyplace.com/blogs/borderline/2015/04/schema-modes-help-in-
understanding-borderline-personality-disorder
(54) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29272751
(55) http://www.tijdschriftdepsycholoog.nl/assets/sites/6/Shedding-light-on-schema-modes-a-
clarification-of-the-mode-concept-and-its-current-research-status.pdf
(56) https://childhoodtraumarecovery.com/2017/07/03/trauma-triggers-definition-examples/
(57) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19685950
(58) http://www.nicolamethodforhighconflict.com/ex-girlfriend-bpd-projection/
(59) https://mental-health-matters.com/acceptance-of-paradox-is-the-epicenter-of-recovery/
(60) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696274/
(61) http://dbtsydney.com.au/
(62) https://www.healthyplace.com/blogs/borderline/2016/04/soothing-the-inner-child-in-
borderline-personality-disorder
(63) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splitting_(psychology)
(64) https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54616986e4b085cc73aaffcf/t/59ada08c46c3c480db
36fae1/1504551053472/Complex+trauma+and+BPD+Working+with+integrative+failures+EJT
D+2017.pdf
(65) http://nonborderline.blogspot.com/2008/07/black-hole-of-borderline-personality.html
(66) https://mental-health-matters.com/past-vs-present-in-borderline-personality-disorder/
(67) https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-inevitable-that-people-with-borderline-personality-
disorder-will-devalue-those-they-idealized/answer/Alexander-van-Hattem-
1?share=ebe50218&srid=hY1DF
(68) https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-disorders/borderline-personality-disorder.htm
(69) https://sites.google.com/site/cognitivetherapycenterofli/self-help-materials/borderline-
personality-disorder
(70) https://www.quora.com/If-you-strongly-suspected-that-someone-you-care-about-has-
Borderline-Personality-Disorder-and-that-they-are-not-aware-of-it-should-you-tell-them-of-
your-suspicion/answer/Mike-Leary?share=6c72cf77&srid=hY1DF
(71) https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54616986e4b085cc73aaffcf/t/59ada08c46c3c480db
36fae1/1504551053472/Complex+trauma+and+BPD+Working+with+integrative+failures+EJT
D+2017.pdf
(72) https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/borderline-personality-disorder.html
(73) https://mental-health-matters.com/borderline-personality-and-abuse/
(74) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/where-science-meets-the-steps/201512/the-
destructive-power-borderline-personality-disorder
(76) https://www.highconflictinstitute.com/who-are-high-conflict-people/
(77) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/here-there-and-everywhere/201611/the-5-
types-high-conflict-people-what-do
(78) https://books.google.com/books?id=Ez1VGRmaXPIC&pg=PA25&lpg=PA25&dq=HCP+person
ality+police&source=bl&ots=sG6kDOkfJ4&sig=s4dYy-e9h-
P086cxw5irWF2vjDU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZtabdtO3dAhXKh1QKHUD0Cx8Q6AEwDn
oECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=HCP%20personality%20police&f=false
(79)

(80) https://www.klinikum.uni-heidelberg.de/fileadmin/zpm/psychatrie/fuchs/Fragmented-
Selves.pdf
(81)
(82) https://blogs.psychcentral.com/therapy-soup/2014/03/narcissistic-and-borderline-
attraction/
(83) A Developmental Model of Borderline Personality Disorder by Patricia Hoffman Judd, Ph.D.
and Thomas H. McGlashan, M.D. (book)
(84) A Dissociation Model of Borderline Personality Disorder by Dr. Russell Meares (book)
(85) Search for the Real Self: Unmasking the Personality Disorders of Our Age by James F.
Masterson, M.D. (book)
(86) Lost in the Mirror: An Inside Look at Borderline Personality Disorder by Richard Moskovitz,
M.D. (book)
(87) **FIND ONLINE VERSION: Wilkinson-Ryan, Tess, A.B. and Westen, Drew, Ph.D.. Identity
Disturbance in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Empirical Investigation. Am J Psychiatry
2000; 157: 528-541.
(88) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579511/
(89) **FIND ONLINE VERSION: Mosquera, Dolores and Steele, Kathy. Complex Trauma,
Dissociation and Borderline Personality Disorder: Working with Integration Failures.
European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation 1 (2017) 63-71.
(90) https://www.healthyplace.com/blogs/borderline/2014/06/if-you-really-loved-me-bpd-and-
romantic-relationships/
(91) https://www.healthyplace.com/personality-disorders/borderline-personality-
disorder/borderline-personality-disorder-relationships
(92) The Buddha & the Borderline by Kiera Van Gelder (book)
(93)
(94)

(95) https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/02/140210101955.htm
(96) http://borderlinepersonality.typepad.com/my_weblog/2009/01/bpdandidentity.html
(97)

(98) FIND ONLINE: Early Experience, Structural Dissociation, and Emotional Dysregulation in
Borderline Personality Disorder: The Role of Insecure and Disorganized Attachment paper
(99)
(100)
(101) https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-016-0939-x
(102) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14686459
(103) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) by American
Psychiatric Association
(104) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3743691/
(105)
(106)

(107)
(108)
(109) https://www.therecoveryexpert.com/HowtotreatBorderlinePersonalityDisorder.en.html
(110) http://bpd-home-
base.org/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/BK_CHAPTTO_USE_MANUAL.1663028.doc
(111) http://did-research.org/origin/structural_dissociation/secondary.html
(112) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4579498/
(113)
(114)
(115)
(116)

(117) FIND ARTICLE ONLINE: Schema modes and dissociation in borderline personality
disorder/traits in adolescents or young adults by Barazandeh, Kissane, et. al (2017)
(118) Working with Modes in Schema Therapy (FIND ONLINE)
(119) https://www.foxnews.com/us/how-prevalent-is-mental-illness-in-mass-shootings
(120) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21438747
(121) https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vScjGGgJEZgC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=youn
g+2003&ots=hTY-byBc_H&sig=7lOTOVFSE_MtjpJkmsLtuxYj7oo#v=onepage&q&f=true
(122)

(123)

(124) https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/portal/files/1582485/guid-d4e8cb8a-df90-46bb-b09a-
f9e913c6aaa5-ASSET1.0
(125) https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/72/4/530
(126) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4439425/
(127) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotional_detachment
(128)
(129) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40473-017-0103-z
(130) https://psychcentral.com/blog/marsha-linehan-acknowledges-her-own-struggle-with-
borderline-personality-disorder/
(131) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963469/
(132) https://psychcentral.com/lib/transference-focused-psychotherapy/
(133)

(134) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816926/
(135) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11314902
(136) https://www.nsvrc.org/statistics
(137) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311357/
(138) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704523/
(139) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/aaa1/69720f5eeb18938a260b71440359ae71ce29.pdf
(140)

(141)
(142) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2762959/
(143) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19267659
(144) https://www.verywellmind.com/the-relationship-between-child-abuse-and-bpd-425153
(145) https://treatingbpd.org/treatment/psychotherapy/transference-focused-psychotherapy/
(146) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5021701/
(147)

(148) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentalization-based_treatment
(149) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28351003
(150) https://borderlinepersonality.typepad.com/my_weblog/2008/06/the-shame-of-ab.html
(151) https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/borderline-personality-
disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370242
(152) https://www.slideshare.net/kevins299/lecture-2-schema-therapy-overview-early-
maladaptive-schemas
(153) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23871409
(154) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_theory
(155) https://www.ucy.ac.cy/nursery/documents/attachement_3.pdf
(156) https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00637.x
(157) https://javierley.weebly.com/uploads/5/1/4/4/51440467/repetition_compulsion.pdf
(158) http://www.academia.edu/24337346/Dysfunctional_schema_modes_childhood_trauma_a
nd_dissociation_in_borderline_personality_disorder
(159)
(160)

(161)
(162)
(163) https://www.quora.com/How-soon-does-a-borderline-need-to-replace-a-hatred-object-
after-she-has-discarded-one
(164) https://www.quora.com/Why-do-BPD-sufferers-appear-to-not-care-after-a-break-up
(165) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nloftn8XJH0
(166) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/5-types-people-who-can-ruin-your-
life/201711/how-quickly-spot-high-conflict-people
(167) https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychpedia/stonewalling
(168)
(169)
(170) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/21112056_Abuse_Histories_in_102_Cases_of_Multipl
e_Personality_Disorder

You might also like