International Journal of Hindi Research

International Journal of Hindi Research

ISSN: 2455-2232, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22
www.hindijournal.com
Volume 2; Issue 6; November 2016; Page No. 22-23

ukFk lEiznk; : ;ksx] ra=] vk;qosZn] CkkS) v/;;u] ,oa fgUnh ds {ks= esa lkfgR; losZ{k.k
1 mek”kadj dkSf”kd] 2 MkW0 misUnz ckcq [k=h] 3 MkW0 vf[kys”k dqekj flag] 4 MkW0 jkgqy fl)kFkZ
1 “kks/kkFkhZ ih&,p0 Mh0 ;ksx foHkkx] lk¡ph ckS)&Hkkjrh; Kku v/;;u fo”ofo|ky;] ckjyk] jk;lsu e/; izn”s k] HkkjrA
lgk;d izk/;kid ;ksx foHkkx] lk¡ph ckS)&Hkkjrh; Kku v/;;u fo”ofo|ky;] ckjyk] jk;lsu e/; izn”s k] HkkjrA
2
3 lgk;d izk/;kid vk;qosZn foHkkx] lk¡ph ckS)&Hkkjrh; Kku v/;;u fo”ofo|ky;] ckjyk] jk;lsu e/; izn” s k] HkkjrA
4 lgk;d izk/;kid fgUnh foHkkx] lk¡ph ckS)&Hkkjrh; Kku v/;;u fo”ofo|ky;] ckjyk] jk;lsu e/; izn” s k] HkkjrA

Lkkjka”k
ukFk lEiznk; dk mYys[k fofHkUu {ks= ds xzaFkksa esa tSls&;ksx ¼gB;ksx½ ra= ¼vo/kwr er ;k fl) er½ vk;qosZn ¼jlk;u fpfdRlk½ ckS)
v/;;u ¼lgt;ku frCcfr;u ijEijk 84 fl)ksa esa½ fgUnh ¼vkfndky ds dfo;ksa ds :Ik½ esa ppkZ feyrh gSaA
;kSfxd xzaFkksa esa ukFk fl)%& gBiznhfidk ds ys[kd LokRekjke vkSj bl xzaFk ds izFke Vhdkdkj czg~ekuan us gB iznhfidk T;ksRLuk ds
izFke mins”k esa 5 ls 9 os “yksd esa 33 fl) ukFk ;ksfx;ksa dh ppkZ dh gSA ;s ukFkfl) dkyt;h gksdj czg~ek.M esa fopj.k djrs gSA bu
ukFk ;ksfx;ksa esa izFke ukFk vkfnukFk dks ekuk x;k gS tks Lo;a f”ko gS ftUgksua s gB;ksx dh fo|k iznku dh tks jkt;ksx dh izkfIr esa
lh<+h ds leku gSA
vk;qosZn xzaFkksa eas ukFk fl)ksa dh ppkZ & jlk;u fpfdRlk ds mRifÙk djrk ds :Ik izkIr gksrk gSA ftUgksua s bl “kjhj :ih lk/ku dks tks
eks{k esa ek/;e gS bl “kjhj dks jlk;u fpfdRlk ikjn vkSj vHkzd vkfn jlk;kuksa dh mi;ksfxrk fl) fd;kA ikjnkfn /kkrq ?kfVr
fpfdRlk dk fo”ks"k izoÙkZu fd;k Fkk rFkk fofHkUu jlk;u xzaFkksa dh jpuk dh mijksDr dFku lqizfl) fo}ku vkSj fpfdRld
egkegksik/;k; Jh x.kukFk lsu us fy[kk gSA
ra= xaFa kksa esa ukFk lEiznk; & ukFk lEiznk; ds vkfnukFk f”ko gS] ewyr% lexz ukFk lEiznk; “kSo gSA “kkCkj ra= esa dikfydks ds 12
vkpk;ksZa dh ppkZ gS& vkfnukFk] vukfn] dky] ohjukFk] egkdky vkfn tks ukFk ekxZ ds iz/kku vkpk;Z ekus tkrs gSA ukFkksa us gh ra= xaFkksa
dh jpuk dh gSA "kksM~”k fuR;kra= esa f”ko us dgk gS fd & uo ukFkks& a tMHkjr eRL;sUnzukFk] xksj{kukFk]] LkR;ukFk] piZVukFk] tkya/kjukFk
ukxktqZu vkfn us gh ra=ksa dk izpkj fd;k gSA
ckS) v/;;u esa ukFk fl) 84 fl)ksa esa vkrs gSA jkgqy lkad`R;k;u us xaxk ds iqjkÙokad esa ckS) frCcfr;u ijEijk ds 84 lgt;kuh
fl)ksa dh ppkZ dh gSA ftlesa ls vf/kdka”k fl) ukFkfl) ;ksxh gS ftuesa yqbikn EkRL;sUnzukFk] xksj{kik xksj{kukFk] pkSjaxhik pkSjaxhukFk]
“kcjik “kcj vkfn dh ppkZ gS ftUgas lgt;kuhfl)ksa ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
fgUnh esa ukFkfl) %& fgUnh lkfgR; esa vkfndky ds dfo;ksa esa ukFk fl)ksa dh ppkZ feyrh gSA
ppkZ gSA viHkzal] vogV~V Hkk"kkvksa dh jpuk,sa feyrh gS tks fgUnh dh izkjafHkd dky dh gSA budh jpukvksa esa ik[kaM+ksa vkMacjks vkfn dk
fojks/k gSa rFkk bUdh jpukvksa esa fpÙk] eu] vkRek] ;ksx] /kS;Z] eks{k vkfn dk lekos”k feyrk gS tks lkfgR; ds tkx`fr dky dh egRoiw.kZ
jpuk,sa ekuh tkrh gSA tks tueku"k dks ;ksx dh f”k{kk] tudY;k.k rFkk tkx:drk iznku djus ds fy, FkkA

ewy”kCn: ;ksx] vk;qosZn] ra=] ckS) v/;;u] fgUnh] ukFk lEiznk;

çLrkouk ?ksj.M lafgrk 10- NkUnksX; mifu"kn~ 11- rstksfcUnwifu"kn~ 12-

lkfgR; losZ{k.k
xksj{kukFk d`r fl)fl)kar i)fr esa ukFk ;ksfx;ksa dks ;ksxer ;k
;ksx lEiznk; uke ls tkuk tkrk gS D;ksfa d budk eq[; /keZ
;ksxkH;kl gh jgk gSA muds fofHkUu izekf.kd xazFkksa ls Li"V gks
tkrs gSA ukFk fl) fofo/k fo"k;ksa ds xazFkks&
a ;ksx] vk;qosZn] ra=]
ckS) v/;;u] fgUnh vkfn esa budh egRoiw.kZ xzaFk ;k jpuk,sa izkIr
gksrh gSA
;kSfxd xzaFkksa esa ukFk lEiznk;
ukFk lEiznk; eq[;r% ;ksxkH;kl /keZ dk ikyu djrs FksA gB ;ksx
fo|k] ukM+h ra=] "kV~deZ] vklu] dqEHkd ¼izk.kk;ke½ eqnzk o ca/k]
dq.fyuh] “kwU;lekf/k vkfn dh ppkZ buds fofHkUu xazFkksa ls izkIr
gksrs gS tks fuEu gS&
1- fl) fl)kUr i)fr] 2- gBiznhfidk 3- xksj{k fl)kr laxzg 5-
gBjRukoyh 6- o.kZjRukdj 7- f”ko lafgrk 8- of”k"B lafgrk 9-
vo/kwr xhrk 13- dSoY;ksifu"kn~ 14- lwrlafgrk] 15-
czg~efcUnqmifu"kn~ 16- veuLd 17- foosdekrZ.M 18- eq.Md
mifu"kn~ 19- Hkkxor 20- xksj{kmifu"kn~ 21- dkykfXu:nz mifu"kn~
22- “kkcj ra= 23- "kksM”k fuR;kra= 24- "kV~”kkaHko jgL; 25- dfiy
xhrk 26- rkjklwfDr 27- dyk.kZo ra= 28- Jh ukFk lw= 29-
f”koiqjk.k 30- ;ksxn”kZu ¼caxk{kjksa esa½ 31- vkfnukFk lafgrk 32-
xksj[kukFk ,.M dUQVk ;ksxh 33- xksj[kckuh 34- egkFkZeatjh 35-
;ksxh lEiznk; fo"d`fr 36- lk/ku ekyk 37- ;ksx “kkL= 38- ukFk
fQykWlQh ,.M v"Vkax ;ksx vkfnA
ra= xzaFkksa esa ukFk fl)
ra=kf/kifr] ea=kf/kifr Lo;a f”ko gS] ogh vkfnukFk gSA ^^"kksM”k
fuR;kra=^^ eas Hkxoku f”ko us dgk gS fd uo ukFkksa us ftlesa
tM+Hkjr] ukxktZqu] lR;ukFk] eRL;sUnzukFk] xksj{kukFk] piZVukFk]
tkya/kj vkfn us gh ra= xaFkksa dh jpuk dh gh vkSj budk izpkj

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International Journal of Hindi Research
fd;k gSA ckS) ra= esa lgt;kuh ijEijk ds fl) dUgikn]
tkya/kjikn vius dks dikfyd dgrs gS ftUgksua s rkaf=d lk/kuk,sa
dh FkhA
ra=xzaFkksa esa ukFk lEiznk; ls lacaf/kr xazFk fuEu gSa& 1- dkSyekxZ
jgL;] 2- dkSyKku fu.kZ;] 3- dkSykoyh fu.kZ; 4- xaHkhjukFk izlax
5- vejkS?k”kklue~ 6- xksj[kukFk ,s.M fefM,oy fganw fefLVflTe]
7- tuZy vkWQ fn fMikVZeaVs vkWQ ysVlZ] 8- Kkuflf)] 9- fn
bafM;u cqf)"V vkbZdksusxzkQh esuyh csLM vikWu fn lk/kuekyk
,s.M vnj dkaxzsV rkaf=d VsDlV~l] 10- fn lisZUV ikWoj] 11- fn
lsUll vkWQ bf.M;k] 12- ij”kqjke dYi lw=] 13- izk.k ladyh]
14- xksj[kukFk ,s.M dUQVk ;ksfxt] 15- Hkkjrh; n”kZu] 16-
egkFkZeatjh] 17- ekyrhek/koe~] 18- ckeds”oj ra=kUrxZr
fuR;k"kksMf”kdk.kZo%] 19- fl) fl)kar laxzg] 20- LVMht bu fn
rU=] 21- lukru lk/kuk dh /kkjk vkfn xaFa kksa gSA
vk;qosZn xazFkksa ¼jlk;u “kkL=ks½a esa ukFk lEiznk;
ukFkfl)ksa dk er gS fd vk;qosZn dk jlk;u “kkL= vkfnukFk
egknso dk mifn"V gSA ikjk f”ko dk oh;Z gS vkSj vHkzd ikoZfr
dk jt% gSA bu nkuksa ds feJ.k ls ;a= fo”ks"k ls m/oZikfrr djus
ls “kjhj dks vej cukus okyk jl rS;kj gksrk gS bUgha ls gh
jls”ojer dk vkfo"dkj gqvkA vusd ukFk fl) ;ksfx;ksa }kjk
fyf[kr fofHkUu xzaFk fuEu gS&
1- xksj{kukFk & izk.k ladyh
2- fuR;ukFk & jljRukdj] jl[kaM] vkSj jlsUnz[k.M]
jljRuekyk¼veqfnzr½
3- “kkfyukFk& jleatjh
4- dkdp.Mh”oj & dkdp.Ms”ojher ra=
5- eFkku HkSjo & jljRu
6- fl)ukxktZqu & ukxktZqu ra=] jl jRukdj ¼veqfnzr½
vkfn vk;qosZfnd jlk;u fpfdRlk xazFk miYkC/k gSA
ckS) ra= esa ukFk fl)
ckS) ra= esa ukFk fl)ksa dk cM+k xgjk izHkko jgk gSA
^^o.kZjRukdj^^ uked xzaFk miYkC/k gS ftuds xazFkdkj
dfo”ks[kjkpk;Z T;ksfrfj”oj gS tks fefFkyk ds jktk gfjnso
1300&1321bZ- ds lHkkln FksA buesa 84 fl)ksa dh ckr dgh x;h
gS rFkk muesa 76 ukFk fl)ksa dk gh uke vk;k gSA jkgqy
lkad`R;k;u }kjk ^^xaxk ds iqjkÙokad^^esa frCcrh ijEijk
¼ckS)&lgt;kuh½ ds tks 84 fl)ksa dk uke vk;k gSaA bu nksuksa
xazFkksa ls fl)ksa ds ukeksa dks feyku djus ij vf/kdrj fl) ukFk
;ksxh ijEijk ds tku iM+rs gSA ,slk izek.k feyrs gS fd Hkkjr ls
in~elaHko ds 725 bZ-frCCkr tkus ds ckn lgt;kuh ijEijk ds
vusd fl) cus FksA fl) ukFk ;ksfx;ksa vkSj ckS) ra= fl)ksa ls
lacaf/kr xzaFk fuEuor gSa&
1- ckS) xk;u nksgk] 2- p;kZin 3- ekyrh ek/koe~ 4- o.kZjRukdj
5- xaxk ds iqjkÙokad 6- p;kZp;Zfofu”p; 7- rkjkukFk 8-
v};otzlaxzg 9- fn Vªkbcy ,.M dkLV~l vkWQ lsUVªy izkfoZlst
vkWWQ bafM;k 10- dkSykoyh fu.kZ; 11- fn Vªkbcy ,.M dkLV~l
vkWQ fn ukFkZ osLVuZ 12- ;ksfxlaiznk;kfo"d`fr] 13- frYyksikn dk
nksgk dks"k] 14- ljgikn dk nksgk dks"k] 15- d.gikn dk nksgkdks"k
16-izdh.kZ nksgk laxzg 17- fo”oHkkjrh; if=dk [k.M 4] vad 1]
18- xksj[kukFk ,.M duQVk ;ksxh vkfn xzaFk izeq[k gSA
fgUnh lkfgR; esa ukFk lEiznk;
fgUnh ds vkfndky esa ukFkfl)ksa dh jpukvksa dks ns[krs gq, mUgsa
vkfndkfo dh laKk nh x;h gS bUkdh dforkvksa esa viHkza”k]
vogV~V vkfn fgUnh dh iqjkuh “kSyh dk lekos”k feyrk gSA
budh jpukvksa psruk] eu] eks{k] lgtkuan] vkfn fo"k;ksa dk
lekos”k feyrk gS rFkk vkMacj] ik[kaM dh fuank dh x;h gS ckn
ds HkfDrdkyhu dfo;ksa esa Hkh ukFkfl)ksa dh lk/kukvksa o jpukvksa
dk izHkko jgkA
ftlesa dchj] ukud] rqylh] jfonkl] vkfn dh jpukvksa esa
feyrk gSA fganh dh fofHkUu xaFz kksa esa budh tkudkjh miyC/k gSS
tks fuEu gS&
1- ukFk lEiznk;] 2- xaxkds iqjkÙokad] 3- p;kZin] 4- nksgk dks"k] 5-
lcnh 6- izk.kladyh] 7- xksj[kckuh] 8- tk;lh xazFkkoyh] 9-
Kkuflf)] 10- Kkus”oj pfj=] 11- ukxj loZLo] 12- inqekorh]
13- ijlaxiwjuHkxr] 14- izca/k fprkef.k] 15- ckaXyk lkfgR;sj
bfrgkl] 16- Hkj/kjh pfj=] 17- ckS) xku nksgk] 18- Hkkjrh;
n”kZu] 19- Hkzej xhr lkj] 20- jktiwrkus dk bfrgkl] 21- fganh
lkfgR; dk bfrgkl 22- dchj] vkfn xzaFkksa esa budh tkudkjh
feyrh gSA
milagkj
mijksDr of.kZr fofo/k Kku ds {ks=ksa ;ksx] vk;qosZn] ra=] ckS)
v/;;u] fgUnh vkfn ds {ks=ksa esa ukFk fl)ksa dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
jgh gS bUk fofo/k {ks=ksa esa budh mifLFkfr bu lEiznk; ds Kku
ds izdk”k dks iznf”kZr djrk gSA bu ukFk fl)ksa esa vkfnukFk]
eRL;sUnzukFk] ukxktZqu] tkya/kj] d`".kikn] pkSjaxhukFk] dikyh]
piZVukFk vkfn izeq[k Fks ftudk Kku ds fofo/k {ks=ksa esa fo”ks"k
;ksxnku jgk gS tks vfo"ej.kh; gSA
LkanHkZ xazFk lwph
1. vejkS?k”kklue~ fl)xksj+{kukFk&fojfpr] egkegksik/;k; ia-
eqdqnjke “kkL=h }kjk laikfnr] dk”ehj laLd`r xzaFkkofy]
xzFkkad 20 cEcbZ 1918-
2. v"V~;otzlaxzg xk;dokM vksfj,.Vy lhjht] ua- 40] cMkSnk]
1927-
3. bulkbDyksihfM;k vkWQ jsfytu ,s.M ,fFkDlA
4. dchj gtkjh izlkn f}osnh] eqEcbZ fganh xazFk jRukdj 1942-
5. dkSyKku fu.kZ;] MkW- izcks/kpanz ckxph }kjk lEikfnr dydÙkk
laLd`r lhjht] ua-3 dydÙkk 1924A
6. fczXl] xksj[kukFk ,s.M duQVk ;ksxht] Jh tktZ csLVu fczXl]
fyf[kr dydÙkk] 1938A
7. Hkkjro"khZ; mikld lEiznk; ¼ckXyk½ Jh v{k; dqekj nÙk]
dydÙkk 1314] caxkCn ¼f}rh; laLdj.k½A
8. ekyrh ek/koe~] tx}j d`r Vhdklfgr] ,e-vkj-dkys }kjk
laikfnr] cEcbZ 1928A
9. “kkjnk fryd ra=e~] vkFkZj ,osyku }kjk laikfnr dydÙkk
1933A
10. Jh xqg~; lekt ra=] xk;dokM+ lhjht ua- 53] 1931A
11. fl)fl)kar laxzg] e-e-i- xksihukFk dfojkt laikfnr] ljLorh
Hkou VsDlV~l] 13 dk”kh 1925A
12. gBiznhfidk LokRekjke d`r] laLdj.kdrkZ fnXkEcj >k]
dSoY;/kke yksukoyk iq.ks 2001A
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