wiwamuris

tyis
moCveneba

fantastikuri deteqtivi

dokumenturi prozis elementebiT

vaxo saliasgan

Tbilisi

2011

1
© vaxo salia

wiwamuris tyis moCveneba

proeqtis redaqtori:L qeTi kobiaSvili

macTunebel vnebas ayolilebi dRemde cdiloben

ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis monawiled dasaxele-
bul “imerelis” vinaobis dadgenas. mTxrobelma
scada oxrankis TanamSromlis TvaliT Seexeda
1907 wlis 30 agvistos wiwamurSi datrialebuli
tragediisTvis da ucnauri Sedegic miiRo . . .

ISBN 978 -9941-9203-2-5

2
 tfilisis vagzlis moCveneba,
dolbandiani urCxuli da namdvili bar-
Tlomes Rame varfalameiCTan

ruseTis imperiis policiis departamentis

sazRvargareTis agenturis parizis biuros
ufrosis TanaSemwe gaxlavarT. bevri ram mi-
naxavs da gadamxdomia, magram ras vifiqrebdi,
Tu aseTi damTrgunveli iqneboda sakuTar
aCrdilTan moulodneli Sexvedra. ratomRac
mgonia, rom es yvelaferi alkoholuri mowam-
vlis fonze ganviTarebuli iluzia iyo, ma-
gram 1909 wlis 25 agvistos diliT elizavet-
polidan tfilisis vagzalze Camomdgari ma-
tareblis kupis fanjris farda mainc Semc-
barma gadavwie da mzera darbazSi Sesasvle-
li centraluri karisken gameqca. dRes iq
namdvilad ar idga: metri da oTxmoci santi-
metri simaRlis, sqelwarba, yavisferTvaleba,
odnavdidcxvira, ulvaSa, Txiswvera, Riadamuq-
nacrisferkubokrulSarvliani, TeTrperangia-
ni, ruxJiletiani, Savfexsacmelebiani, Sublze

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CalisqudCamofxatuli _ ocdaaTiode wlis
axalgazrda kaci, Cemi ali-kvali anu ufro
gasagebad rom vTqva: oreuli. Tumca aman Sve-
ba ver momgvara. piriqiT, im garemos xel-
meored naxvam, sadac moCveneba gamomecxada,
axali mogonebebi aRmiZra da gamimZafrda imis
SegrZneba, rom guSin diliT, rodesac tfi-
lisis vagzals, pirvelad baTumidan, movadeqi,
imave SesasvlelSi karis CarCos marTla iyo
miyudebuli da eSmakurad miRimoda Cemive Ta-
vi.

arada, mogzauroba Tavidan kargad daiwyo.

parizidan, buqarestis gavliT, konstantino-
polamde mSvidad vimgzavre. ai iq, otomanTa
imperiis im saocar qalaqSi ki, yvelaferi
air-dairia. sazRvao portSi baTumisken mima-
vali gemis bileTs davxede Tu ara, adgilo-
brivi veluri Seusabamoba momxvda TvalSi.
jer ewera 1327, xolo frCxilebSi CaesvaT 1909
weli.

_ ukacravad, xom ver amixsniT, es gaugebari,

ucnauri cifri 1327, ras niSnavs? _ damcina-
vad mivmarTe evropul kostiumSi gamowkepil
da osmaluri dolbandiT Tavdaxurul sa-
naosnos moxeles, romelsac wver-ulvaSi sax-
es mTlianad ufaravda.

_ islamuri hijras kalendris mixedviT,

drois aTvla 622 wlis 2 seqtembridan, muha-
medis da misi mimdevrebis meqadan medinaSi
gadasaxlebiT, iwyeba.

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_ Tu Tqven marTla ase ggoniaT, mainc gauge-
baria, ra SuaSia aq 1327? 1909 gamovakloT
622, miviRebT _ 1287. anu, Tqveni ganmartebis
mixedviT, osmaleTSi axla 1327 ki ara, aramed
1287 weli unda iyos, _ darwmunebuli viyavi,
rom Turqi davabnie, magram igi magrad
damxvda, azielebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
flidobiT jer TvalebSi Semomcina da Semdeg
mkvaxed momaxala:

_ rusebi zedmetad Tavdajerebuli xalxi

xarT, qedmaRlebi, ampartavnebi, kudabzikebi
da am TvisebebiT cdilobT, Tqveni umecreba
miCqmaloT. cota tvini gaanZrie da advilad
mixvdebi, rom axla swored 1327 welia da ara
1287!

_ tvini Sen TviTon gaanZrie, Tu, ra Tqma un-

da, aq Tavmoyrili zRvebis qarebma mTlad ar
gamogiSro da ar gagixmo, _ uzrdelobaze
uzrdelobiTve vupasuxe.

rusis xsenebaze mivxvdi, rom am Turqs kar-

gad moqcevis wesebi Cemi pasportis orTavian-
ma arwivma daaviwya. gamaxsenda, erTxel venaSi
komivoiaJoris rolSi Sevxvdi osmaleTis
saidumlo policiis agents, romelic nego-
cianel vaWrad asaRebda Tavs. maSinac bevri
Snapsi davlie. sityvam moitana da, amerikis
SeerTebul Statebze Camovarda saubari.

_ iq mcxovrebi adamianebi bednierebi da Tavi-

suflebi arian, Zalian magari adgilia, uke-
Tess ver inatreb, Tanac iseTi tempiT viTar-

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deba, rom sul male SeiZleba msoflios axa-
li centri gaxdes, _ mimtkicebda Turqi.

_ eh, Cemo Zvirfaso, _ vupasuxe kolegas, _

rusebs gvaqvs Zalian saintereso gamoTqma:
yvelaferi kargadaa iq, sadac Cven ara varT!

ismail-aRa wamiT dafiqrda, mere TvalebSi

sevda Caudga. mivxvdi, naTqvami ver gaigo, ma-
gram sabolood ixtibari ar gaitexa da uc-
naurad mipasuxa:

_ unda dageTanxmoT, namdvilad SesaniSnavi

gamoTqmaa. absoluturi WeSmaritebaa, sadac
rusebi ara xarT, iq yvelaferi kargadaa.

maSin sabolood davrwmundi, ar uyvarT os-

maloebs Cveni Zma. ar uyvarT da nu uyvarT!
erTi ki faqtia, Tavisi imperiis mSeneblobaSi
ratomRac evropelebis gamocdilebas ar en-
dobian da gafarToebas rusuli modeliT
cdiloben. Tumca Cveni gza rom ufro swori
gamodga, amis mixvedras didi Wkua maincada-
mainc ar Wirdeba. portugaliam, espaneTma,
britaneTma, safrangeTma, holandiam, germaniam,
italiam, daniam imperiebad qceva Soreuli
teritoriebis dapyrobiT scades. am gzam
mxolod droebiT gaamarTla. koloniebi Tan-
daTan civilizebulni gaxdnen da erTimeoris
miyolebiT daiwyes damoukideblobisTvis
brZola. gana ra samxedro Zalis gamoyvana
SeeZlo cicqna portugalias, masze bevrad
didi teritoriebis SesanarCuneblad? sad pi-
rineis naxevarkunZuli da sad samxreT ameri-

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ka an afrika? sabolood, portugalias impe-
riobanas TamaSiRa gamouvida. misive bedi ewe-
vaT sxvebsac. rusebi ki Tanmimdevrulad, auC-
qareblad vfarTovdebiT uaxloesi mezoble-
bis xarjze. am mxriv Turqebma Cven mogvbaZes,
magram mimbaZveli mainc mimbaZvelia; mxolod
zedapirul, garegnul Tvisebebs xedavs da im-
eorebs. otomanTa imperia rusuli “derJavas”
dedaazrs ver Caswvda da dapyrobili xalxe-
bis uswrafesi asimilaciis gzas daadga, ri-
Tac maTi risxva gamoiwvia. risxvas ki is mo-
hyveba, rom erT mSvenier dRes isini Turqebs
mtrebad da moRalateebad moevlinebian. ru-
sulma sibrZnem da gonierebam ki dapyrobili
xalxebi sxvebis dasapyrobad gamoiyena. amis
gakeTeba ki Zalian martivad, adamianis bune-
bis kargad codniT, SesZlo. kacTa Rormuce-
loba, sixarbe da vercxlismoyvareoba aris
sinamdvileSi rusuli imperializmis filo-
sofiuri qva, sicocxlis eleqsiri. meeqvse-
meSvide saukuneebis moRvawe Rirsi mama ioane
klemaqi Tavis “kibeSi” brZanebda: “saswauli
iqneboda, rom vinme, kuboSi Cawolamde, gaTa-
visufldes am (Rormucelobis) vnebisagan.”
ruseTi ZaliT an motyuebiT SemoerTebul
sivrceSi mcxovreblebs gaaxsenebs, rom maT
teritoriuli dava hqondaT mezoblebTan da
Tavisi armiis samsaxurs sTavazobs am sakama-
To miwebis dasabruneblad. mezobelTan ga-
sayofi Tundac mcire nawilis mitacebis sur-
vili ki dauZleveli sixarbis grZnobaa, ro-
melic gabrmavebs da imas ver xedav, rom Sen
TviTon xar dapyrobili. mTavaria, erTi wa-

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moago amgvar ankesze da mere yvelaferi si-
sin-sisiniT midis. gansakuTrebiT kargad es
procesi saqarTveloSi ganxorcielda. jer
iyo, georgievskSi dadebuli samegobro xel-
Sekrulebis sababiT, qarTl-kaxeTis samefo
SemovierTeT, mere, qarTvelebisve xeliT, daq-
saqsuli qarTveluri samTavroebi Semovimtki-
ceT, Semdeg ki, Tuki odesme qarTvel mefeebs
sadme ulaSqriaT da, Tundac ramdenime dRiT,
rame teritoriebi daupyriaT, imaT dabruneba-
Si davexmareT; momavalSic davexmarebiT. rac
yvelaze sainteresoa, TviTon arian Wyvitina
goWebiviT kmayofilebi, magram Tu ampartavne-
ba SeeyrebaT da imperiidan gaparvis survili
sZlevT, maSin Zalian martivad mivuCenT Tavis
adgils _ qarTvelebis meSveobiT SemoerTe-
bul miwaze mcxovreb romelime cicqna xalxs
gavaxsenebT, Tu rogor miitaces am aramza-
debma maTi winaprebis “ZirZveli” miwebi da
“istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgenaSi” dax-
marebas aRvuTqvamT. rao, viTom, riT arian es
xalxebi qarTvelebze Wkvianebi, rom am xrikze
ver wamovikidoT?! mere daayrian erTmaneTs
da, Tu saWirod CavTvliT, gasaSveleblad
isev Cven movevlinebiT. viwvalebT ase, vidre
es teritoriebi, maT iqiT mdebare miwebis Se-
moerTebis Sedegad, imperiis ganapiradan,
siRrmeSi arsebulad ar aRmoCndebian da ga-
saqcevic arsad eqnebaT.

_ nuTu ase Znelia, im qveynis kulturisTvis

damaxasiaTebel Taviseburebebs gaecno, sadac
momsaxurebis maRal standartebs moiTxov?! _
gamomafxizla sanaosnos urCxulis xmam, _
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hijras Tveebi mTvaris ciklis mixedviTaa da
isini 28-29 dRianebia. inebeT, am furcelze
islamuri kalendris gamoyvanis formulaa.
naxeT, aq weria: islamuri weli udris (gri-
gorianul wels minus 622) + (grigorianul
wels minus eqvsasocdaoris ocdameTormete-
di), _ kvlav mSvidi da momRimari gaxda Tur-
qi. rogorc Cans, gaaxsenda, Tu ra fasi ujde-
baT rusebTan dapirispireba. Cveni zarbazne-
bisa da jariskacebis siZliere bevr mama-
ZaRls miuCens Tavis kuTvnil adgils da im-
periis qveSevrdomebs siamayiT gvavsebs. for-
mulis mixedviT, sanaosnos moxele, ra Tqma
unda, marTali iyo: islamuri kalendris weli
udris (1909 – 622) + 40 anu 1327. magram ukan
ar davixie da axla gemis gasvlis droze Se-
vekamaTe:

_ am Tqveni welTaRricxvisa da kalendris

gamoyenebis gamo civilizebul samyaros karga
gvarianad anu srulad 582 wliT CamorCebiT.
rodemde unda iyoT maCanCala eri? nawil-
nawil rom gvabarebT Tqvens teritoriebs, ba-
rem erTianad dagvnebdiT da swrafad gazia-
rebT ganaTlebasa da kulturas. Tumca axla
TqvenTvis ar gvcalia. amas winaT Soreul aR-
mosavleTSi vWameT sircxvili da momagreba
gvWirdeba. fexze myarad davdgebiT Tu ara, aq
ara xarT? _ aucileblad mogxedavT. bileTSi
2 Saabani da 9 saaTi weria. es Saabani albaT
Tvea?

9
_ diax, batono! wels Saabani Cveneburad,
iseve rogorc TqvenTan, merve Tvea, _ eSmaku-
rad moWuta Tvalebi.

mivxvdi, raRacas maimunobda da dasazusteb-

lad vkiTxe:

_ dRes romeli Saabania?

_ dRes namdvilad pirveli Saabania, oTxSaba-

Ti. gemi xuTSabaTs, zustad 9 saaTze, gava
zRvaSi da gTxovT, nu daigvianebT. raime rom
ar SegveSalos, modi, Cveni saaTebi Sevaje-
roT, _ Rimili ar moSorebia saxeze Cems mas-
pinZels.

Jiletis jibidan vercxlis saaTi amoiRo,

gaxsna da gamomiwoda. me Cemi oqros saaTi
amoviRe. orive zustad erTsadaimave dros _
3 saaTsa da 43 wuTs aCvenebda.

navsadguris Senobidan kmayofili gamovedi.

win, rogorc maSin megona, konstantinopolu-
ri naxevari dRe da mTeli Rame mqonda.
meetles movuxme da sastumrosken gavemgzavre.

meore diliT 8 saaTze bargi-barxaniT navmi-

sadgomze viyavi, sadac baTumisken mimavali
gemis xsenebac ki ar iyo. . .

portis zrdilobianma ufrosma damiyvava,

Sotlandiuri viski damalevina, koreqtulad
amixsna, rom islamur qveynebSi meore dRe-
Rame mzis Casvlis Semdeg dgeba, amitomac bi-
leTSi sworad iyo miTiTebuli 2 Saabani,

10
xolo guSindeli osmalos mier dRis 3
saaTsa da 43 wuTze naTqvamic: dRes pirveli
Saabaniao, sruli simarTle gaxldaT. ubra-
lod ramdenime saaTis Semdeg, mzis Casvlas-
Tan erTad, aq axali dRe daiwyo da baTu-
misken mimavali gemic, Cveneburad saRamos
cxra saaTze, xolo amaTeburad axali dRis
dadgomisTanave, gavida zRvaSi. es iaRliSi
pinskSi, ebraelebis uban karolinSi, dabade-
bul da gazrdil kacs ar unda momsvloda.
iudevelebTanac asea: xvalindeli dRe dRes
saRamos iwyeba.

Semdegi xomaldi, romelmac samSoblosken

wamiyvana cameti dRis Semdeg, grigorianulad
1909 wlis 1 seqtembers, hijras kalendris
mixedviT ki 1327 wlis Saabanis TxuTmetSi, ga-
movida da baTumSi grigorianulad 1909 wlis
5 seqtembers, xolo Cveneburad, iuliusis ka-
lendris mixedviT, 1909 wlis 23 agvistos,
kviras, saRamos Camovida.

qarTvelebi cxovrebaganvlil, beber, ukve

sikvdilis sarecelze mijaWvul, zarmac, ara-
frismaqnis xalxad myavda warmodgenili da
Tuki raime sasikeTo Tviseba unda hqonodaT,
erT-erTi _ asakiT ufrosebisadmi gansaku-
Trebuli mowiwebis grZnoba megona. Turme sa-
da xar? ori wlis win es miTi damemsxvra. ma-
Sin, 1907 wlis zafxulis bolos, axalgazr-
debma tfilisidan ramdenime versSi, Sarag-
zaze, tyis piras, salocav niSTan axlos,
dRisiT-mzisiT, gulSi damiznebuli erTi ty-
viiT da SublSi kondaxis CartymiT mohkles
11
samocdaaTi wlis avadmyofi moxuci kaci da
mis meuRles cemis Sedegad goneba daakarg-
vines. Tan waiRes: oqros saaTi _ Rirebuleba
samasi rubli, oqros pensne _ Rirebuleba
oci rubli, TeTreuli, dana-Cangali, wina
dRes morTmeuli daudgeneli raodenobis
Tanxa, wvrilmani sxva nivTebi. am ambebis Sem-
swre meetles verafriT aexsna, rogor aR-
moCnda faetonis marjvena mxares gondakar-
guli qalbatoni marcxena borbalTan, gar-
dacvlili meuRlis gverdiT. man xom ar ico-
da, rom siyvaruli fizikur kanonebs ar emor-
Cileba. rogorc mere gairkva, mxolod es ar
yofila am mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebuli
bundovani movlena.

im ambebs Tavidan gamomZiebeli iliaSenko

iZiebda, romelic raRac mizezis gamo gauTa-
visuflebiaT. bedis ironiiT es iliaSenko pa-
rizis rusul restoranSi gvarianad
damTvrala da Cveni agentis TandaswrebiT
niSnismogebiT utrabaxia, ilia WavWavaZis
saqmes TiTqmis ori weli viZiebdi, danamdvi-
lebiT vici, mkvlelobaSi sul xuTi kaci mo-
nawileobda. arada, gzadagza bevri adamiani
daviWireT da gavuSviT. amJamad ki Cems memkvi-
dres eqvsi braldebuli hyavs. maTgan erTi
Zebnilia, oTxi cixeSia, erTic jer daviWi-
reT, mere cixidan gagveqca da policiasTan
SetakebaSi daiRupa. mainteresebs, maTgan im
erT udanaSaulos uCemod rogor daadgenen an
ras uzameno.

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 mTvrali gamomZieblis baqi-buqs, sadRac
provinciaSi momxdar mkvlelobas da kacmeto-
biT dadgenili damnaSaveebis raodenobas arc
ruseTis imperiis policiis departamentis
sazRvargareTis agenturis ufrosi miaqcevda
yuradRebas, rom ara Semdegi garemoebebi: a)
mokluli aRmoCnda imperiaSi Zalian maRali
rangis kaci, saxelmwifo sabWos wevri, Tavadi
ilia WavWavaZe; b) saqmis Ziebas Tvals adev-
nebda imperatori nikoloz meore. anu Tavis
gamoCeniT SesaZlebeli xdeboda misi udide-
bulesobis yuradRebis damsaxureba. es ki pa-
tivmoyvare CinovnikisTvis Zalian mniSvnelo-
vani ram gaxlavT. warmoidgineT, ra moxdebo-
da, Tuki gamoZiebis masalebis gacnobis Sede-
gad zedmet “mkvlelsac” davadgendiT, amgva-
rad Soreuli safrangeTidan movxocavdiT
cxvirs adgilobrivi sasamarTlos wvintlian
gamomZieblebs da, rac mTavaria, amis Sesaxeb
maSinaTve Seityobda imperatori. Tanac, sa-
frangeTis dedaqalaqSi ganlagebul ruseTis
imperiis policiis departamentis sazRvarga-
reTis agenturas saqmis Ziebis procesSi
CarTvis sababic hqonda. gairkva, rom mok-
lulTan megobrobda da tragediamde ramde-
nime dRis win stumrobda germaniis qveSevr-
domi vinme artur laisti, romelic 1892 wli-
dan tfilisSi damkvidrebula da, savaraudod,
iqidan eweoda jaSuSur saqmianobas.

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 vicodiTD imis Sesaxebac, rom ilia WavWavaZe
zogjer Cadioda germaniaSi, avstriasa da sa-
frangeTSi. Tanac qarTvelebSi Wori gavrce-
lebula, saxelmwifo sabWos wevri oxrankam
mohklao da mundiris Rirsebis sakiTxi iyo am
xmebis warmoSobis dadgena.

Tavidan megona, ganaCenis aRsrulebamde mo-

vaxerxebdi im zedmeti “damnaSavis” vinaobis
dadgenas da eSafotidan zarzeimiT Camoviy-
vandi. axla ki guli migrZnobda, mamaZaRli
osmalos xrikis gamo, damagvianda da es efeq-
turi Canafiqri ganuxorcielebel ocnebad
iqca. Tumca imeds mainc ar vkargavdi.

erTi adamianuri sisuste maxasiaTebs. ko-

leqcioneris avadmyofuri vnebiT Sepyrobili
vagroveb adamianebis mier sikvdilis win war-
moTqmul ukanasknel frazebs. SeiZleba cini-
kurad JRers, magram mainteresebda, ra iyo
ilia WavWavaZis bolo sityvebi. am Cemi axire-
bis gamo araerTxel Cavvardnilvar uxerxul
14
mdgomareobaSi, magram zne vera da ver Sevic-
vale.

baTumi-tfilisi-elizavetpoli-baqos mata-
rebels sulze mivuswari; kupeSi damxvda ka-
pitnis samxreebiani, sakinZeSexsnili samxedro
perangisa da muxlebamde foxanis amara wiTu-
ri mamakaci. man maspinZlis uflebiT isar-
gebla da Tavi oficialuri orTografiis
dacviT warmomidgina:

_ elizavetpolos garnizonis momaragebis

ufrosi, kapitani zalatarevski kondrat var-
falameev!

Tavidan amreziT SemaTvaliera, etyoba, Cemi

evropuli ieri da Cacmuloba ar mouvida
TvalSi, magram rogorc ki regaliebi Camo-
vuTvale da, rac mTavaria, mowmoba vuCvene,
Tvalebi gaubrwyinda, wamoxta, sawolis qve-
Sidan uzarmazari mura-yavisferi sakvoiaJi
amoaTria; iqidan magidaze amoalaga: Savi pu-
ri, moxarSuli dedali da kvercxebi, kitris
mwnili, mwvane xaxvi, pomidori, bevri niori,
moxarSuli qambala da buTxuza Stofi. didi
mniSvneloba aqvs Cvens qveyanaSi beWeddasmul
qaRaldis naglejs; igi Zalauflebis simbo-
loa da misi mflobeli pativiscemas, mowiwe-
bas, Tayvaniscemas imsaxurebs.

_ Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, rotmistro,

vgiJdebi ucxoeTSi moRvawe agentebze. Tqven
xarT imperiis uxilavi frontis wina xazis
mebrZolebi. es Cveni gacnobisa iyos! _ kon-

15
drat varfalameiC zalatarevskim Stofs sa-
cobi xmauriT amoaZro, vercxlisferi saWi-
qeebidan CaisTvis gankuTvnili didi sifrifa-
na Wiqebi amoiRo, gaavso, erTi momawoda,
meore momiWaxuna, miiyuda da sulmouTqmelad
dacala. _ namdvili guruli WaWaa, Cvens
arayze orjer ufro Zlieria, Tanac kaklis
uRlebzea dayenebuli, samkurnaloa! _ warbic
ar SeukrTa kapitans.

_ dideba ruseTs! _ omaxianad SevZaxe da po-

liciis departamentis erT-erTi ZiriTadi
samsaxuris _ oxrankis _ oficris saxeli
rom ar Semercxvina, vcade, erT amosunTqvaze
damecala Wiqa. marTalia, me rotmistris da
zalatarevskis ki kapitnis anu praqtikulad
erTidaigive wodeba gvqonda, magram, dauwe-
reli kanonis mixedviT, Jandarmeriis (xalxSi
inerciiT ase gveZaxdnen) rotmistri armiis
sameurneo nawilis kapitanze rangiT ufro
maRla idga. WaWis simxurvalem gul-RviZli
Camwva, sunTqva Semekra, sisxli mTeli ZaliT
16
saxeze momawva, Tumca xma ar amomiRia. samsax-
uris Rirseba upirveles yovlisa! TiTqos
ramdenime wamiT gonebac davkarge. Wvavis pu-
ris natexs mivwvdi da, rac Zali da Rone
mqonda, misi aromati SevisunTqe. miSvela; Ta-
nac pinskSi mdebare Cemi bavSvobis saxlis sa-
kuWnaos surneli gamaxsenda. deda iq inaxavda
mTeli TemisTvis gamomcxvar purs. zalata-
revskis Sevxede, madianad miirTmevda qaTmis
barkals da CemTvis arc ki Semouxedavs. Za-
lian kargi. ese igi ver dainaxa, ra tanjviT
davlie arayi.

Semdegi Wiqa, romliTac Zlevamosili rusu-

li armia vadRegrZeleT, ukve Tavisuflad wa-
vida; meores mesame mohyva da gaxurda Cvene-
buri, mama-papuri rusuli qeifi. zogierTi
ityvis: ise davTveri, araferi maxsovso. ase
ara var. ramdenic ar unda davlio, yovelTvis
yvelaferi maxsovs. ara, mTlad yvelaferi _
ara, magram ZiriTadad yvelaferi _ ki. yvela-
fers fxizeli kacic ver imaxsovrebs. es gu-
ruli WaWac bolosken iseTi xaverdovani da
sasiamovno gaxda, rom rodesac varfalameiCma
meore Stofi daaZro, uaris Tqma arc mifi-
qria. etyoba, magrad davTveri, maxsovs, rogo-
ri gulisyuriT vusmendi kondratis mier
moyolil mamamisis saxelis warmoSobis is-
torias:

_ xoda, Cemo benia, _ beniaminis warmoTqma

daezara da ukve ase Sinaurulad, kninobiTi
saxeliT, mommarTavda. arada, ra kargad
daiwyo: Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav! _ erT
17
Rames babuaCemi Tavis razmTan erTad, yirimis
sofelSi, romelsac varfalameevka erqva, Tav-
moyril TaTrebis aseuls daesxa Tavs da er-
Tianad amoJuJa. am ambis mere gavrcelda
Turme xalxSi gamoTqma “Варфаломеевская ночь”.
im Ramidan ramdenime TveSi dabadebula mama-
Cemi. babuas uTqvams, xalxSi Cemi gmirobis Se-
saxeb gamoTqma gaCnda da, modi, Cems Svilsac
varfalameis davarqmevo. xedav, rogori devg-
mirebi iyvnen Cveni winaprebi da ra vaJkacuri
saxelebi hqviaT Cvens mamebs?!

_ aba ra?! Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, Cemo

Zvirfaso, kondrat, _ vuqnevdi Tavs. rogori
unebisyofo xdeba mTvrali kaci, Torem fxi-
zeli xom avuxsnidi, sinamdvileSi saidan
gaCnda gamoTqma Le massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy
(barTlomes Rame), magram mainc magari var.
rac mTavaria, xom yvelaferi maxsovs?! erTi
sityviT, raRa bevri gavagrZelo?! jer erTi:
evropuli grigorianuli, islamuri hijras da
marTlmadidebluri iuliusis kalendrebis
domxalma; meore: Turqi TaRliTis oinma; me-
same: konstantinopolSi uazrod gatarebulma
dReebma; meoTxe: zRvis avadmyofobam; mexuTe:
uzomo raodenobiT CanTqmulma kaklis uR-
lebze dayenebulma gurulma WaWam; meeqvse:
mniSvnelovani davalebis Sesasruleblad
tfilisSi dagvianebiT CasvliT gamowveulma
nerviulobam; meSvide: kondrat varfalameiCis
suleluri istoriebis mosmenam; merve: uZilo-
bam _ Tavisi Sedegi gamoiRo da rodesac,
guSin diliT, elizavetpolis garnizonis mo-

18
maragebis ufrosi da matareblis gamcilebe-
li gulmodgined cdilobdnen vagonidan Cems
Camosmas, sruliad aSkarad da TvalnaTlad
davinaxe, rom tfilisis vagzlis mosacdel
darbazSi Sesasvleli didi karebis CarCoze
arxeinad iyo miyudebuli Cemi oreuli da
mravalmniSvnelovnad miRimoda. saswrafod
gamovfxizldi, mivxvdi, moCvenebaze xma rom
amomeRo, Cemi gamcileblebi siciliT daix-
ocebodnen, amitomac sruli seriozulobiT
gamovucxade:

_ aba kmara, batonebo! gaverTeT? kargia! axla

saqme! uflebamosili var ganvacxado, TamaSi
damTavrda. Tqven, _ mivubrundi gamcilebels,
_ gevalebaT Cemi bargi CaabaroT vagzlis
Semnaxvel sakanSi da qviTari momarTvaT!
Tqven ki, Zvirfaso kondrat varfalameiC za-
latarevski, gTxovT kupemde mimaciloT, sanam
matarebeli elizavetpolSi Cava, daicvaT Cemi
usafrTxoeba da Zili, raTa Sevudge moulod-
nelad dakisrebuli erTi mniSvnelovani da-
valebis Sesrulebas, romlis Sesaxebac es
wuTia maniSna Cveni ganyofilebis saidumlo
agentma, _ funqciebi gavunawile da dasaZi-
neblad gaviwie.

araferi ise damajereblad ar moqmedebs

rus adamianze, rogorc rixiT warmoTqmuli
brZaneba. sami wuTic ar gasula da gamcile-
belma bargis qviTari momitana, kondrat var-
falameiCma ki marcxena mxarze Txeli zewari
gamiswora, fanjaras farda bolomde Camoa-
fara; matarebeli rom daiZra, erTi Cumad Se-
19
momapara: ormocdaaT-ormocdaaTi xom ar
gviSveliso, magram civi uari miiRo Tu ara,
elizavetpolamde piri ar gauRia.

viwvale, magram, rogorc iqna, CameZina. . .

ganjis xani, generali cicianovi da ori

rusi

samxreT kavkasiaSi mdebare patara saguber-

nio qalaq elizavetpolis vagzalze kondrat
varfalameiC zalatarevskis namdvilad samefo
daxvedra mouwyves. Cvens faetons cxenze am-
xedrebuli eqvsi kazaki miacilebda da aseTi
mxiaruli kompaniiT mivadeqiT Turqul ab-
anos. ori saaTis Semdeg am saocari dawese-
bulebidan sruliad saR-salamaTi gamovedi.
orTqlma, Zalian didi raodenobiT daleulma
aqauri ucnauri receptiT dayenebulma Caim,
20
aRmosavlurma masaJma wuxandeli Ramis Sxame-
bi pirwmindad gamoiyvana organizmidan. axla
qalaqis RirSesaniSnaobebis daTvaliereba mo-
viTxove da Sah abasis saxelze agebul juma
meCeTTan mimiyvanes.

_ ai, aq arian dasaflavebuli ganjis (ase

erqva manamade elizavetpols) ukanaskneli
xani javadi da misi Svili huseinoRlu. Cven,
rusebi, meomari xalxi varT da Rirseul ja-
riskacebs, Tundac mtrebs, pativs mivagebT, _
kondrat varfalameiC zalatarevskim qudi
moixada muslimanur saflavTan.

_ WeSmariti meomris saqcielia, Tqveno ma-

RalkeTilSobilebav, kapitano zalatarevski!
gTxovT miamboT, javad xanis ra saqcielma
ganapiroba misdami amgvari pativiscema.

_ 1803 wlis bolos ganjas alya Semoartya

generalma cicianovma da javad xans qalaqis
Cabarebisken mouwoda. SeuTvala, didi Tamar
mefis dros ganja saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda.
axla Cemi qveyana ruseTis megobaria da ami-
tomac es qalaqi, danarCen saqarTvelosTan
erTad, ruseTis imperiis proteqtoratis qveS
unda moeqceso. javad xanma werili moswera:
ganja rom saqarTvelosi iyo zRaparia, rom-
lis Sesaxeb aq aravin icis, xolo mTeli
gurjistani Cemi didi winapris abas mogit-
xanis samflobeloSi namdvilad Semodioda.
qalaqs ar Cagabareb da aq Semosvlas mxolod
Cems gvamze gadabijebis Semdeg SesZlebo.

21
_ Rirseuli pasuxi SemouTvlia!

_ 1804 wlis 3 ianvars, gagania ramadanis

dros, pavle cicianovma brZaneba gasca, Wur-
vebi daeSinaT ganjisTvis. ramdenime saaTSi
Cvenma meomrebma javad xani akuwes da qalaqic
aiRes. generali cicianovi vaJkacurad moiqca
da ganjis ukanaskneli xani pativiT daasaf-
lavebina gadarCenil Tanamoqalaqeebs.

_ javad xanis ukanaskneli sityvebi xom ar

Semounaxavs gadmocemebs? _ sxvaTa Soris Se-
vapare saubarSi.

varfalameiCma ucnaurad Semomxeda da xma

ar amouRia. Calis Slapa movixade da Cavi-
muxle Cemi qveynis Rirseuli mtris saflav-
Tan. erTi wamiT survili gamiCnda, baqoSi Cav-
suliyavi da iq TaTrebis mier veragulad
mokluli pavle cicianovis xsovnisTvisac mi-
mego pativi. mivxvdi, mtrisadmi swored amgvar
vaJkacur damokidebulebaSia ruseTis imperiis
uZleveloba.

22
 mtredis skintli, puSkini da pe-
terburgeli TaRliTis naTesavebi

parizi-buqaresti-konstantinopoli-baTumi-
tfilisi-elizavetpoli da kvlav tfilisi _
ucnauri kauWiani marSrutis gavliT, rogorc
iqna, movaRwie am qalaqamde da vagonSi mafer-
xebda im sarkisebr moCvenebasTan Sexvedris
qvecnobieri SiSi, romelic guSindeli dili-
dan Tan mdevs. gonierebas movuxme, Zala movi-
kribe da matareblis safexuridan baqanze
Cavxti. araferi moxda. haeri Rrmad Cavi-
sunTqe, mivixed-movixede da uceb raRac Za-
lian Soreulma, magram tkivilamde nacnobma
grZnobam Semipyro: mominda xelebi gameSala
da gavqceuliyavi viRac an raRac nacnobTan
Casaxuteblad. es is survilia, romelic mxo-
lod patara bavSvs mieZaleba, moereva da de-
dis kalTaSi Tavis Casargvelad gaaqcevs. ga-
23
maxsenda Soreul warsulSi, pinskis mazris
miyruebul sofel lemiaSeviCSi, susxiani
zamTris saRamos, bebiaCemis mier moyolili
ambebi, sadRac Zalian bevri Waobis, tramalis,
tyis da tbaze ufro didi tbis iqiT, kavka-
siis mTebSi arsebuli qalaqis Sesaxeb. iq
mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi mziani amindebia.
xolo Tu odesme Tovli mova da acivdeba,
adamianebi quCebSi gamoefinebian da dResas-
waulobeno. vinc im qalaqSi Cadis, iseTi
grZnoba eufleba, TiTqos Soreuli mogzau-
robis Semdeg Sin dabrundao. “qalaqs tfili-
si hqvia da iq dasabamidan bednierad cxo-
vrobs Cveni modgmis bevri warmomadgeneli”,
_ CaiCurCulebda bebo da amosunTqvas xvneSas
amoayolebda.

vagzlis saaTze Svids aklda ToTxmeti

wuTi. Jandarmeriis sammarTveloSi samuSao
dRe cxraze iwyeboda. ese igi, dro maqvs.
radgan oreulic arsad Canda, guli momeca da
vagzlis dasaTvaliereblad movicale. baqnis
mcire nawili iyo Ria cis qveS, danarCens ki
evropuli arqiteqturisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
galerea faravda. Senobidan wamosuli sax-
uravi Tujis kapitelebian kolonebs eyrdno-
boda. am koxta boZebze mSvenieri farnebi iyo
mimagrebuli. warmovidgine, mosaRamovebisTa-
nave, bindSi, rogor lamazad aCaxCaxdeba
aqauroba. ara, aSkarad evropul qalaqSi Camo-
vedi.

baqanze uamravi adamiani ireoda. aqti-

urobdnen Jetoniani mtvirTavebi, romlebsac,
24
ratomRac uklebliv yvelas, Tavze kartuzi
exura da saxes umSvenebda ulvaSiani baken-
bardebi “a la franc iosebis” stilSi. meet-
leebi maTraxs farTxuna Sarvlis totebze
itylaSunebdnen da mgzavrebs mouxmobdnen
ucnobi SeZaxilebiT: aba sololaki, aba avla-
bari; oriode dasaxeleba ki Cemi yurisTvisac
gasagebi iyo: aba naxalovka, aba vera.

mSvenieri sanaxavi iyo aq Sekrebili publi-

kis Tavsaburavebis koleqcia. TiTo-orolas
osmaluri Calma daexvia, zogs, rogorc Cans,
adgilobrivi ucnauri CaCi daemxo, iyvnen fa-
faxianebi, yabalaxianebi, magram umravlesobas
evropuli: cilindri, fetris qudi, Calis
Savkantiani Slapa, qvab-quda, Txemze RiliT
Sekruli farTofarflebiani bereti _ umSve-
nebda Tavs. erTi samkuTxaSlapianic SevniSne.
rac mTavaria, am sicxeSi uqudo kaci vagzlis
baqanze ver davinaxe. SesaZloa, Tavsaburavis
aucilebeli tareba raime adgilobrivi ada-
Tia. msgavsi axirebebi Cvenc xom gvaxasiaTeb-
da. rodesac ruseTi jer kidev ar iyo mTlad
civilizebuli qveyana, wveris tareba yve-
lasTvis savaldebulo yofila; maxsovs, mins-
kis gimnaziaSi swavlisas, sityvierebis mas-
wavlebelma viaCeslav ragoiSam gviambo, rom
1551 wels saeklesio sabWos sxdomaze ruse-
Tis sasuliero mamebs ganucxadebiaT: wveris
gareSe SeuZlebelia caTa sasufevelSi mox-
vedrao. ratom aris gamoricxuli, qarTvelebs
egonoT, rom sasufevelSi SeRwevas mxolod
qudianebi SesZleben?! ise ucnauri kaci ki iyo
viaCeslav ragoiSa, romelic, marTalia, ruse-
25
Tis imperiaSi miRebuli rangebis mixedviT
bolo anu meToTxmete klasis Cinovnikis _
koleJski registratoris wodebas ver gascda,
magram uaRresad ganaTlebuli da samSob-
loze uangarod Seyvarebuli adamiani iyo.
gimnazistebs iseT ambebs gviyveboda, rasac
verc erT saxelmZRvaneloSi waikiTxavdiT.
maxsovs, pirveli saganmanaTleblo Soki mis-
gan miviRe. “igoris laSqrobis” Sesaxeb gak-
veTilze jer gviTxra, rom es genialuri na-
warmoebi meTormete saukunis Zeglia, magram
imwamsve bodiSi mogvixada da daiwyo, magram
ra daiwyo?! im gakveTilze mosmenili axlac
Camesmis yurSi: “me ar vici, meTvramete-
mecxramete saukunis msoflioSi erT-erTi
saukeTeso literaturis Semqmnel ers, raSi
dasWirda Tavisi samwerlobo istoriis
gayalbeba da amitomac axla sruli simarTle
unda giTxraT. araviTari meTormete saukunis
“igoris laSqroba” ar arsebobs, arc arsebu-
la. igi meTvramete saukunis miwurulis fal-
sifikaciaa da ai ratom _ pirveli: am simRe-
raSi aRwerili mTeli pasaJebi srulad imeo-
rebs an emTxveva meTxuTmete saukunis origi-
nalur Zegls “zadorSinas” da gansxvavebulia
mxolod personaJTa saxelebi; meore: TiTqos
Cvenamde moRweuli nawarmoebis meTxuTmete
saukunis xelnaweris dedani 1812 wels gaCe-
nil xanZars saeWvod Seewira. xanZris gaCe-
namde musin-puSkinma SesZlo Tavis qaliSvil-
Tan, usafrTxo adgilze, gadaetana
vercxleuloba da naxatebis koleqcia da ra-
Ra yvelaze Zvirfasi nivTi darCa gadaurCene-
26
li? mesame: Tavad Zeglis “aRmomCeni” aleqsei
musin-puSkini arakeTilsindisierebiT gamoir-
Ceoda da saqme hqonda imJamad peterburgSi
moRvawe siZveleebis cnobil gamyalbeblebTan
anton bardinTan da qarTuli warmoSobis
aleqsandre salukaZevTan. am ori TaRliTis
mier araerTi cnobili adamiani darCa motyue-
buli. 1815 wels musin-puSkinma kidev erTxel
scada sazogadoebisTvis bardinis mier dam-
zadebuli “igoris laSqrobis” morigi xelna-
weris SeCeCeba, magram maSin siyalbe gairkva
bardinis sixarbis gamo. Turme am TaRliTs
manamde aseTive xelnaweri aleqsei malinovs-
kisTvis miuyidia. am ukanasknelma ki, gaigo
Tu ara musin-puSkinis xelT arsebuli nawar-
moebis Sesaxeb, ubralod Seadara igi Tavisas.
meoTxe: nawarmoebSi moTxrobilia ambebi ru-
seTis istoriidan, romlebic mxolod meTvra-
mete saukuneSi Tavad nikoloz karamzinis
mier ubadruk mistifikatorad wodebul va-
sili tatiSevis istoriaSia dausabuTeblad
aRwerili da, jerjerobiT, dRemde maTi
utyuarobis Sesaxeb dokumenturi masala ar
arsebobs. mexuTe: meTormete saukunis nawar-
moebSi gatarebulia panslavizmis _ erTiani
slavuri saxelmwifos Seqmnis idea, romelic
mxolod meTvramete saukunis bolos gaCnda.
meeqvse: “igoris laSqrobaSi” sakmaod Sexvde-
biT: a)bohemizmebs anu Cexuri warmoSobis
leqsikas da wyobas; b) galicizmebs anu fran-
guli warmoSobis sityvebsa da sintaqsur
formebs; g) germanizmebs _ rac meTormete
saukunis rusuli enisaTvis ar iyo damaxasia-
27
Tebeli.” didxans megona, rom sityvierebis
maswavlebelma amgvari ucnauri meTodiT sca-
da ymawvilebisTvis gaeRvivebina am nawarmoe-
bisadmi interesi. sxvaTa Soris, im gakveTil-
zeve gavige pirvelad, rom Turme imperiaSi
arian xalxebi, visac Cvenze Zveli damwerlo-
ba, literatura da kultura aqvT: ebraelebi,
somxebi da qarTvelebi. ver vityvi, rom mya-
rad, magram es ukanasknelni Cems gonebSi
erTdroulad uZveles kulturasTan da, sa-
lukaZevis gamo, TaRliTobasTan asocirde-
bodnen. ai aseTi ucnauri kaprizebiT xasiaT-
deba adamianis goneba!

tfilisis vagzalze ki cxovreba duRils ga-

nagrZobda da nairferovnebiT laRobda. aq
myof qalebs sxvadasxva formis evropuli Ca-
Cebi, bafTiani da vualiani fetris Tu Calis
Slapebi da ucnauri, muq rkalze gamWvirvale
abreSumis saburvelCamoSvebuli qudebis ko-
leqcia gamoetanaT erTmaneTisa da mamakacebi-
saTvis saCveneblad. dainaxavdiT Tavsafrian
qalebsac, magram isini maRali sazogadoebis
warmomadgenlebi ar unda yofiliyvnen.

sasiamovnod gamaoca aq myofi publikis tan-

sacmelma. aqac evropuli Strixebi da ferebi
Warbobda. zogierT mamakacs ecva farTxuna
Sarvali da aseve farTxuna perangi, romel-
zec vercxlis qamari Semoertya da Tanac uc-
nauri wowola qudi exura, magram umravleso-
ba evropul kostiumSi, zogi fraksa da, Tqven
warmoidgineT, smokingSic iyo gamowkepili.
qalebs ZiriTadad bluzi da qvedabolo,
28
evropaSi moduri polonezi, ramdenime lamaz-
mans ki Zveleburi xabardiani kaba ecva.

yvelaze ufro CalisSlapadaxuruli, sxva-

dasxva feris kubokrul SarvalSi, Ria pe-
rangsa da JiletSi Cacmuli axalgazrda mama-
kacebis sixSirem gamaoca. parizSi, romelic
evropuli modis fuZemdebel londonTan ax-
los mdebareobs, aseTi sixSiriT ver naxav-
diT imden dends, ramdenic ruseTis imperiis
am sagubernio qalaqis vagzlis baqanze ireo-
da. da uceb gulze momeSva, TiTqos mxrebidan
umZimesi tvirTi Camomxsnes. ra arayi, ris
arayi; ra WaWa, ris WaWa? ra Tqma unda, Cemnai-
rad Cacmuli adamianebi! ai, ra iyo moCvenebis
mTavari mizezi. Cems warmodgenaSi tfilisi
aziuri qalaqi iyo, aziur yaidaze Cacmuli
mosaxleobiT; aq namdvilad ar velodi lon-
donurad gamowkepil dendebs da ra gasakvi-
ria, nabaxusevze, sakmaod Sors mdgari, zus-
tad Cemnairad Cacmuli kaci Tu oreulad mo-
meCvena?! ai, am saidumlosac aexada farda!

axla SeiZleba pirveli tfilisuri STabeW-

dilebebis Sefaseba: am qalaqs aqvs Zalian sa-
siamovno, mimzidveli aura; meore: vagzlis
mixedviT Tu vimsjelebT, tfilisi ufro
evropulia, vidre ruseTis imperiis sxva da-
saxlebuli punqtebi, miT umetes, vidre _
elizavetpoli; mesame: aqauri haeri aSkarad
maTrobelaa da adamianis warmosaxvis unars
aZlierebs; meoTxe: . . .

_ Zia, Zia! naxeT, mtredma dagaskintlaT!

29
 davixede da ras vxedav? Cemi marjvena fex-
sacmeli erTianad mSvidobis Citis naedoniT
iyo mosvrili. pataras Sevxede; Svidi wlisac
ar iqneboda, saxe naxSiriT hqonda mosvrili
da tuCebsa da loyaze Semxmari JRvintis kva-
li nacrisfrad emCneoda. tansacmelic zur-
tliani ecva da, riTac gansakuTrebiT gamoir-
Ceoda, jerjerobiT, erTaderTi mamakaci iyo,
visac am qalaqSi qudi ar exura.

_ Zia! fexsacmlismwmendavi ai iq aris! _ da

TiTi galereas bolosken gaiSvira.

marjvniv gavixede; ociode metrSi marTlac

Canda mewaRis savarZeli, romlis win faCaCia-
ni xarazi idga da xelebiT mepatiJeboda. sam-
xreTi, praqtikulad, mainc aRmosavleTia da
aq ician muStris fasi. aba Cveneburi vanka,
sanam cxvirTan ar miutan Ceqmas, ver mixvdeba,
rom unda gaaprialos. puSkinis erTi leqsi
gamaxsenda, sadac mewuRe ferweruli naxatis
Tvalierebisas jer fexsacmelSi araswor
Strixebs dainaxavs, mere ki mkerdis siSiS-
vleze alaparakdeba. asea CvenSi: xarazs Tavi
mxatvari hgonia, meetles _ poeti, mzareuls _
generali, glexs ki xelmwifoba moundomebia
da gasvlia kidec.

«Картинку раз высматривал сапожник

И в обувы ошибку указал;
Взяв тотчас кисть, исправился художник,
Вот, подбочась, сапожник продолжал:
«Мне кажется, лицо немного криво . . .
А эта грудь не слишком ли нага». . .
30
momesma saidanRac bavSvis xmiT, odnav SesamC-
nevi kavkasiuri aqcentiT.

axlomaxlo am asakis, Cemi patara megobris

garda, aravin iyo. “amas es leqsi, aba, saidan?”
_ gavifiqre Tu ara, Semotrialda, gamiRima,
marcxena Tvali Camikra da gamaoca:

«Тут Апеллес прервал нетерпеливо:

«Суди, дружок, не свыше сапога!»

_ TamSuk, TamSuk, _ dauZaxa vagzlis cicqna

mawanwalas masze odnav ufrosma aseTive
daRlaram.

savarZelSi movkalaTdi, fexebi yuTze spe-

cialurad amoburcul safexurebze davdgi.
xarazma muyaos damcavi filebi fexsacmeleb-
Si Camicura, sveli tiloTi skore mowminda,
uzarmazari jagrisebi xelSi aaTamaSa da
ostaturad daiwyo gaprialeba. savarZeli sak-
maod maRali iyo da aqedan baqanze gaCaRebu-
li cxovrebis danaxva advilad SeiZleboda.
matarebliT CamosulTagan oriode adamiani
Sevida mosacdel darbazSi, danarCenebs ki
swored Cems win unda CaevloT, vagzlis Se-
nobis marjvena kuTxesTan CaexviaT da amgva-
rad gasuliyvnen qalaqSi. ai swored iq duR-
da cxovreba.

ukve karga xania, saTiTurebis ostatebi im-

periis vagzlebis, bazrebis da sxva TavSeyris
adgilebis aucilebel anturaJad iqcnen. es
31
muxudos marcvlis raindebi evropis qalaqeb-
Sic minaxavs da, rasakvirvelia, maTi yvela
oini CemTvis nacnobia. sxva ra saqme mqonda?!
SevaTvaliere TaRliTebis TavSeyris adgili
da vcade, gamomecno am erTgvari speqtaklis
monawile TiToeuli personaJi _ TeTr CoxaSi
gamowyobili Tavze cilindrCamocmuli kaci,
romelsac xelSi fuli eWira da, TiTebze Si-
gadaSig dafurTxebiT, iTvlida Tavis mona-
gars, ra Tqma unda, bednieri gamarjvebulis
rols TamaSobda. mis win mdgom Cia tanis
kacs livreas sruli atributika: aqselban-
diani komzoli, mokle Sarvali, windebi, kepi
_ emosa, msaxuris funqciebiT kmayofildebo-
da da SigadaSig TxovniT mimarTavda batons:

_ Tqveno brwyinvalebav, dRes sakmarisad mo-

vigeT da Zalian gTxovT, wavideT axla saxl-
Si!

razec batoni dauzarelad, rixiT, rac

SeiZleba xmamaRla pasuxobda erTsadaigives:

_ es ra fulia, macale, daviTvli da erTba-

Sad unda Cavide fsons. es Tanxa unda gavaor-
mago!

yvelaferi kargad hqondaT gaTvlili. rad-

gan “Tqveno brwyinvalebiT” mimarTavdnen, ese
igi gamarjvebuli Tavadi iyo, xolo sazoga-
doebis aseTi maRali rangis kaci Tu ar Ta-
kilobda saTiTurebiT garTobas, Cveulebriv
mokvdavebisTvis am TamaSSi monawileobis mi-
Reba didi pativi unda yofiliyo. erTi uc-

32
nauri da daujerebeli statistikuri monacemi
gamaxsenda policiis departamentis cirkula-
ruli werilidan: ruseTis mravalmilioniani
imperiis Tavaduri gvarebis 56 procenti sul
ramdenime aseulaTasian xalxs _ qarTvelebs
ekuTvnodaT.

iqve evropulad Cacmuli kunTmagari biWebic

daborialobdnen; maT movaleobaSi Sedioda
morigeobiT gamarjvebulis rolis TamaSi;
Tuki vinme gareSe SesZlebda Tanxis mogebas
da am fuliT wasvlas ecdeboda, es razmi
pirdapir yaCaRurad waarTmevda mas monagar-
sac da darCenil sakuTar Tanxasac, im moti-
viT, rom TiTqos TamaSis wesebi ar daicva da
mogebisTanave gaqceva scada. “es jarimiT is-
jeba, Zmaoo! “_ etyodnen.

rac fexsacmlismwmendavis savarZelSi vije-

qi, oTxma kacma iTamaSa da oTxivem moigo, Ta-
nac gamarjvebulTagan orma uproblemod da-
tova baqani, xolo danarCenebi iqve axlomax-
lo wrialebdnen da, rogorc etyobodaT, yoy-
manobdnen _ ver gadaewyvitaT, isev ecadaT
bedi Tu ara. jer es yvelaferi ucnaurad mo-
meCvena, magram TamaSis mTavar figuraze yu-
radRebiT dakvirvebis Semdeg mivxvdi, rom
Sedegebi kanonzomieri iyo. es adamiani aSka-
rad axalbeda, Tavis saqmeSi sruliad ga-
moucdeli Canda. lobios marcvals cudad
axuravda saTiTurebs da ise nela amoZraveb-
da, rom didi Cubinoba ar iyo saWiro saTana-
do saTiTuris gamosacnobad. gavocdi, am
TaRliTma isic ki ar icoda, rom lobios
33
marcvali TiTiT garedan unda miemagrebina
saTiTurisTvis. es am TamaSis mTavari oinia.
TaRliTobis eSxi xom swored is gaxlavT,
rom marcvali bolo wams samTagan arc erTi
saTiTuris qveS ar unda iyos da rodesac ga-
cucurakebuli adamiani ver gamoicnobs
marcvlis mdebareobas, aseve uCumrad unda
Seacuro darCenili oridan erT-erTis qveS.
rac ar unda ilaparako, provincia mainc pro-
vinciaa. dasvi axla aq Cveneburi _ odeseli
an Tundac rostoveli _ biWebi!

amasobaSi xarazi Tavis saqmes morCa da ga-

samrjelo ucnauri gafasebiT moiTxova:

_ erTi kapiki, Tqveno keTilSobilebav!

am kacma Cemi Cini ar icoda da arc gamkvir-

vebia, rom rangiT ufro dabali moxelisadmi
mimarTva gamoiyena da TavsarTi “maRal” da-
maklo, magram misi momsaxureba Tu aseTi iafi
iqneboda, ver warmovidgendi. JiletiT kargad
daculi perangis gulis jibidan tyavis sa-
fule amoviRe, xurda fulis ganyofilebidan
kapikiani amovarCie da xelosans gavuwode.

_ erTi kapiki _ erTi wuTi, Tqveno maRalke-

TilSobilebav! eqvsi wuTi vimuSave, ori
fexsacmeli gavwminde, eqvsjer ori aris Tor-
meti. erTi wuTis safasuri Tqvensken iyos.
sul aTi kapiki!

“maRalkeTilSobilebav” mesiamovna; provin-

ciaSi momsaxurebis parizuli fasi ki metis-
meti iyo; Cveni uwyebis monacemebiT, mTels im-
34
periaSi muSis saaTobrivi anazRaureba cxra
kapiks ar aRemateboda, am vaJbatonma ki am
Tanxaze meti eqvs wuTSi gamoimuSava. Tanac
ori kapiki TiTqos maCuqa kidec, magram si-
namdvileSi namusis valad damado. davuSvaT,
misi momsaxureba wuTSi kapiki Rirs, ori fex-
sacmlis gamo Tanxis gaormageba, ra SuaSia an
ra logikuri formuliT aixsneba, CemTvis ad-
gilobriv sibrZned da gamoucnob amocanad
darCa.

fexsacmlismwmendavs angariSi gavuswore da

ver agixsniT, ra Zalam mimiyvana saTiTurebis
bandasTan. SesaZloa, es iyo portmoneSi da-
grovili bevri xurda fulisgan gaTavisuf-
lebis survili an, ra Tqma unda, amis daje-
reba ar minda, _ TaRliTis advilad damarc-
xebis xarbi vneba. erTi ki namdvilad vici,
Tavidan mxolod TaRliTebSi gareva, maTi
saubris mosmena da ucnobi qalaqis amgvari
publikis axlodan gacnoba msurda.

mivuaxlovdi Tu ara, moTamaSem TvalebSi Se-

momcicina da garsSemoxveul sazogadoebas
miubrunda:

_ aha Sen, mogebuli sami kapiki, Tqven ki gai-

wieT, adgili dauTmeT mis brwyinvalebas, _
mere kidev erTxel gamiRima, _ stumari RvTi-
saa, gTxovT, pativi gveciT!

35
 naxevarkapikiani fsoniT vapirebdi TamaSis
dawyebas, magram, “brwyinvalebao”, mommarTes.
ese igi Tavadad maRiares, amitomac orkapikia-
ni Camovedi; mere sam da xuTkapikianze gada-
vediT. bolos vercxlis aTi, TxuTmeti, oci
da ocdaxuTkapikianebi CaerTo TamaSSi. Za-
lian ususuri mowinaaRmdege Semxvda. ori Tu
sami warumateblobis garda, yvela gaTamaSeba
movige. bolos damswre sazogadoeba Cems war-
matebebs taSiT da SeZaxilebiT xvdeboda.
Sarvlis jibe spilenZis da vercxlis monete-
biT damimZimda. sindisma Semawuxa da ZaliT
wageba vcade _ saTiTurebis moZraobas Segne-
bulad ar vadevnebdi Tvals, magram alal-
bedzec mimarTlebda. ukve Tundac erTxel
ver gamocnobis survili mklavda, rom vag-
zlis saTiTurebis raindma xmamaRla SesZaxa:

_ mTeli fuli wavage. dRes isedac ar mimar-

Tlebda, es kaci ki nametani yismaTiani gamod-
ga, morCa TamaSi! bankroti var!

mivxvdi, axla daiwyeboda mTavari warmodgena

adamianis Zvlismkvneteli banditebis monawi-
leobiT da mzad viyavi, mTeli mogebuli Tan-
xa pirvelive moTxovnisTanave damebrunebina.
jer baqnis bolomde mivedi, mere Senobis
kuTxeSi marcxniv Cavuxvie da vagzlis win
mdebare skversac rom gavcdi, mdevrebis mo-
36
lodinSi ukan movixede. aravin Canda. gamik-
virda. uceb goneba gaminaTda; xeli mivirtyi
marcxena ZuZusTan, sadac safule meguleboda
da, Tqven warmoidgineT, yvelaferi wesrigSi
iyo. “Cemi oqros saaTi”, _ gavifiqre da Jile-
tis marjvena jibidan amoviRe bajaRlo
oqros Sveicariuli nakeToba, romelic tfi-
lisuri dilis kaSkaSa mzis sxivebis fonze
kidev ufro brWyviala Canda. Tavi davinamuse
_ ar SeiZleba adamianebisgan mudam cud saq-
ciels elode. RmerTma aqaurobas bunebis si-
keTeebi xom erTbaSad daayara da, etyoba,
aqauri adamianebic patiosnebiT aRavso.

vagzlis moednidan gaSlili arqiteqturuli

xediT tfilisi kvlav evropuli qalaqi iyo.
radgan safrTxe aRar memuqreboda, gadavwy-
vite SenobaSi davbrunebuliyavi, Semnaxveli
oTaxidan, guSin matareblis gamcileblis
mier Cabarebuli, Cemi bargi gamomexsna, fae-
toni ameyvana da ise movqceuliyavi, rogorc
evropis dedaqalaqebSi damCemda anu meetlis
rekomendaciiT qalaqis saukeTeso sastumroSi
davbinavebuliyavi. drois gasagebad saaTi
amoviRe, Tavsaxuri avxade da . . . erihaa! ci-
ferblati meucxova! kargad davakvirdi da
mivxvdi, rom xelSi iaffasiani, oRond kargad
gaprialebuli spilenZis saaTi meWira. gulma
reCxi miyo. axla perangis gulis jibidan sa-
fule amoviRe. absoluturi WeSmaritebaa ru-
suli andaza: ubedureba marto arasdros
modiso! Cemi, niangis tyavisgan Sekerili,
portmones nacvlad SemrCa karga gvarianad

37
gacveTili uxarisxo safule, romelic gaze-
Tis furclis nafleTebiT iyo gamotenili.

goneba damebinda da gacofebuli vagzlisken

gaviqeci. baqanze Sevuxvie Tu ara, rogorc
mosalodneli iyo, davinaxe, rom iq Cemi
mZarcvelebis xsenebac ar iyo. axla mosac-
deli darbazisken gavwie, vifiqre, okolotoC-
nisTvis momeTxova pasuxi, radgan mis gareSe
am teritoriaze, albaT, buzi ar WaWanebda,
araferi xdeboda da mas aq yvela saqmianobi-
dan, ra Tqma unda, hqonda wili; magram gamax-
senda, rom, safulesTan erTad, mTeli Cemi
sabuTebic waiRes yaCaRebma. dokumentebis ga-
reSe ki okolotoCnisTan saubars azri ar
hqonda; vin icis, ra Sars momdebda? policiis
departamentis es TiTqmis yvelaze dabali
rangis TanamSromlebi xom gansakuTrebuli
vercxlismoyvareobiT gamoirCeodnen da qrTa-
mad aRebuli fulis SesanarCuneblad eSmak-
sac moemsaxurebodnen. mosacdel darbazSi
SesasvlelTan, swored iq, sadac guSin Cemi
oreuli momeCvena, gavCerdi da Zalian nacnobi
adamianis aseve nacnobi sityvebi momesma:

_ Zia, Zia! mtredma dagaskintlaT! . . Zia, fex-

sacmlismwmendavi, ager, iqaa!

gavixede da ras vxedav? Cemi patara megobari,

saxelad TamSuki, am jerze matareblidan
dagvianebiT Camosul mgzavrs mewaRis savar-
Zlisken miuTiTebda. es kaci erTob saintere-
so sanaxavi gaxldaT; qvab-quda mobrecilad
exura; saxe wuxel daleuli bevri aryisgan
38
baraqianad gawiTlebuli da SeSupebuli
hqonda; perangze Rilebi arasworad Seekra,
ris gamoc marjvena sayelo marcxenaze gaci-
lebiT maRla amoCaCoda; erTi sityviT, zed
ewera, rom, Semadgenlobis vagzlidan gas-
vlamde, gamcilebelma kupeSi SemTxveviT ipo-
va, gamoaRviZa, piradad daexmara CacmaSi, va-
gonidan ZaliT Camosva da axlac Zil-buranSi
iyo. ucnobs fexsacmelebze davxede: ara, ga-
moricxulia!!! mtredi erT jerze amdens ar
skintlavs!

patara TamSuki zurgs ukan, marcxena xelSi

CamuWul, pawuka oynas malavda. mivxvdi, asi
wlis Semdeg, rodesac Rrmad moxuci tfili-
seli daRlara uflis winaSe warsdgeba,
misTvis sasufevlis karebis argaxsnis uamrav
mizezTagan ori amTaviTve cnobili iyo. pir-
veli: bavSvobaSi uqudod siaruli; meore:
tfilisis vagzalze, specialuri receptiT
damzadebuli mtredis skores xsnariT, xara-
zisgan gasamrjelos miRebis mizniT,
wamsvlel-Camomsvlel-damxvdurTa fexsacme-
lebis daTxupna.

albaT, arc cnobili peterburgeli qarTve-

li TaRliTi aleqsandre salukaZevi wamomi-
tivtivda cnobierebaSi umizezod.

39
solomon brZenis gardacvaleba da be-
bos xaTriT patieba

gansacdelis Jams adamiani an aqtiur

brZolas iwyebs, an adgilze qvavdeba, an gar-
bis. brZolis ra mogaxsenoT?! Cveneburi anda-
zisa ar iyos _ Cxubis Semdeg xelebis qnevaRa
gamomivida.

vagzlis skverSi davbrundi, skamze Camovje-

qi. amgvar stresul mdgomareobaSi kavkasiaSi
misi saimperatoro udidebulesobis mefisnac-
vlis kancelariis gansakuTrebuli ganyofi-
lebis SenobaSi gamocxadeba ar mindoda.
Tvalebi davxuWe da vcade, fiqrebiT bavSvo-
baSi gavqceuliyavi. iq Cemi gamzrdeli da
mxsneli bebia meguleboda. 1890 wels ukve
minskis gimnaziaSi vswavlobdi da 2 ivnisidan
14 agvistomde ardadegebze masTan lemiaSeviC-
Si dasasveneblad Cavedi. es iyo Cveni erTad
40
yofnis bolo dReebi da sul mgonia, rom, Tu
raime miadvilebs cxovrebas, maSin viswavle
moxucisgan. cameti wlis viyavi; mTeli zaf-
xuli iqaur onavrebTan erTad an tyeSi sokos
vagrovebdiT, an axlomaxlo tbebSi vTevzaob-
diT, an mezoblebis alubals viparavdiT . . .
erTi sityviT, Cemi asakis Sesabamisad viqceo-
di. minskSi gamgzavrebis wina saRamos ki be-
bom adre mabanava, sawolSi Camawvina da, zus-
tad vici, Tavisi sibrZne maswavla.

_ Cemo benoni (mxolod bebo da dedaCemi mom-

marTavdnen am saxeliT), axla im asakSi xar,
rodesac adamians axali Zala eZleva da igi
ukve iwyebs aqtiur reagirebas masze moqmed
garemoebebsa da adamianebze. ufrosebi rom
gagibrazdebian, Tavs ki ar Caqindrav, aramed
ecdebi, dasacavad imoqmedo. awi xSirad ga-
brazdebi. gabrazebas ki risxva mohyveba, rac
gonebis dabnelebiT gamowveuli grZnobaa.
adamiani imitomacaa adamiani, rom ar ga-
nrisxdes. axla mogiyvebi legendas solomon
brZenis beWdis Sesaxeb. mefe solomoni
ebraelTa xelmwife iyo da masac axasiaTebda
sibraze.

_ sul uriebze ratom miyvebi zRaprebs?

_ uriebze ki ara, ebraelebze, Svilo! ebrae-

lebi RvTis rCeuli eria!

_ viTom riT arian sxvebze ukeTesebi?

_ ukeTesebi ar miTqvams. rCeulebi ki imiT

arian, rom RmerTma swored isini SearCia Ta-
41
visi cnebebis gadasacemad. ebraelTa rCeulo-
ba maT ukeTesobas ar niSnavs. axla esec kar-
gad daimaxsovre da, sadac ar unda iyo, nura-
vis gaumxel, dagCagraven: mec iudeveli var!

_ nu giyvars, bebo, aseTi xumrobebi. xom

SeiZleba, vinmem gaigonos da marTali ego-
nos?

_ kargad momismine. hoda, sibrazes rom ver

moeria, solomonma Wkvian vezirs daavala, am
senisgan moerCina. imanac oqros Zvirfasi be-
Wedi moarTva, romelzedac amokawruli iyo
sityva: “miuteve”_ da urCia, gabrazdebi Tu
ara, daxede beWeds, Seni nervebis momSlels
apatie da gulze mogeSvebao.

_ dRes diliT tyeSi uzarmazari soko me da-

vinaxe pirvelma da mikolkas vaCvene. is ki
gaiqca, soko mowyvita da Tavis kalaTSi
Caagdo. sokoze ki ar damwyda guli. mewyina,
rom arafrad Camagdo, Seuracxyofa momayena.
aba, rogor ar gavbrazebuliyavi? mivedi, vu-
biZge da wavaqcie. mere kargad viCxubeT. am
ZiZgilaobaSi is soko Zirs davardnila da
fexiT gagviTelavs.

_ ai, xom xedav? es Sen ggonia, rom mikolkas

SenTvis Seuracxyofis moyeneba undoda. si-
namdvileSi ki is sokos daxarbda. anu mizezi,
ris gamoc gabrazdi, sulac ar arsebula. ese
igi, tyuilad iCxubeT. Sedegad ki ra miiReT?
erTmaneTs atkineT da sokoc dakargeT! rom
gepatiebia, im sokos xom erTad SeWamdiT?!

42
galiaSi gamomwyvdeul mgels Tu TiTs axlos
miutan, wagaWams. imitom ki ara, rom Seni wye-
nineba unda an SenTvis moyenebuli tkivili
siamovnebs? ara, mas ubralod Sia da Seni
TiTi misTvis mxolod sakvebia. ar unda ga-
brazde mglis saqcielze iseve, rogorc ar
unda gabrazde uzrdeli adamianis qmedebebze.

_ mere rao, solomonma, daujera?

_ mefe dahyvaHWkviani veziris rCevas da ram-

denjerac gabrazdeboda, daxedavda beWeds,
apatiebda mwyeninebels da damSviddeboda. ma-
gram erT mSvenier dRes, solomoni Zalian ga-
brazda, verc warweram daamSvida, waiZro sam-
kauli TiTidan da unda moesrola, rom beW-
dis Sida mxares raRac asoebi SeniSna. daak-
virda. iq ki ewera: “esec miuteve.” moewona
solomons veziris moxerxebuloba da sibra-
zem am jerzec gauara. ase dasZlia solomon
brZenma erT-erTi momakvdinebeli vneba. oRond
es istoria aq ar dasrulebula. saerTod, da-
mijere, movlenebi sinamdvileSi iq ki ar
mTavrdeba, sadac Cveni goneba wvdeba, aramed
usasrulod viTardeba. Zalian gTxov, es kar-
gad daimaxsovro da cxovrebaSi Tanatolebze
mudam erTi nabijiT win iqnebi. axla naxe,
rogor gagrZelda solomonis beWdis ambavi:
mefem xangrZlivi, Zneli, mZime cxovreba galia
da movida misi aRsasrulis dRe. sasikvdilo
sarecelze solomonma beWedi moiZro, daxeda
_ JamTa svlas orive warwera wauSlia. mefem
beWedi iqve mdgar patara magidaze dado;
moulodnelad wiboze amotvifruli asoebi
43
SeamCnia. susti mzera daZaba da waikiTxa:
“Senc migeteva”! mixvda solomon brZeni, rom
ukve zesTa sofelSi iyo da am sityvebiT
RmerTi elaparakeboda!

gabrazebas, Svilo, qristianobac krZalavs,

saxarebaSi weria: “vinc umizezod ganurisxde-
ba Tavis Zmas, sasjelis Tanamdebi iqneba.”

keTili, Cemo sayvarelo bebo! vapatie tfi-

lisel TaRliTebs. maT xom Cemi, rogorc ru-
si oficris, Seuracxyofa ki ar undodaT,
aramed ubralod Tavis saqmes akeTebdnen da,
unda iTqvas, Zalian maRal doneze. araferi
piraduli, mxolod saqme, _ ityodnen evropa-
Si.

44
 franciskanelebi, iezuitebi, pinskeli
kaciWamia da batifexuri

bebias mamaCemi ar uyvarda da amas arc ma-

lavda. Cems mSoblebs erTmaneTi fskovSi
gaucniaT. deda daorsulebula da pinskSi
mSoblebis saxlSi dabrunebula. mama meore
dResve gamoecxada da CaesiZa. ramdenime TveSi,
1877 wlis 8 Tebervals, mec davbadebulvar.
bavSvobis pirveli wlebi pinskis ganapiras
mdebare ubanSi, romelsac karolins eZaxdnen,
da bebiaCemis mSobliur lemiaSeviCSi vizrde-
bodi. araerTxel gamigonia, rogor sayvedu-
robda bebo dedas: am rusis usaqmurs sad ga-
daeyare? Cvenebi Tu ar gindoda, adgilobriv
“tuteiSebSi” mainc SegerCia kacio.

rogorc vici, arc mamas exateboda bebo

gulze. erTxel nasvami dabrunda da karg xa-
siaTze iyo. im saRamos pirvelad damelapara-
ka rogorc kaci kacs. maSin Svidi wlis viya-
vi. magidasTan damsva, karadidan arayi gamoi-
Ro, daisxa da meubneba:
45
_ Svilo, beniamin! rogorc iqna, dadga nana-
tri dro. dReidan ufro magrad viqnebiT me
da Sen. aq mdinare pinas sanapiroze gemebis
asagebi qarxnis mSenebloba iwyeba da samu-
Saod bevri Cveneburi muSa Camova. mec dav-
saqmdebi. amovida yelSi amaTi dayvedrebuli
lukmapuri.

verafriT gavige, vin amadlida mamaCems sak-

vebs. deda welebze fexs idgamda, dRe da
Rames asworebda, sul raRacas acxobda, Tavis
nawarms arigebda da mere saxlSi uamravi
produqti mohqonda.

marTlac, Zalian male pinskSi ucnobi ada-

mianebi gamoCndnen da qalaqi axmaurda. mamam
qarxanaSi daiwyo muSaoba, magram Tu sxvebi
diliT adre, sayviris xmaze, gadiodnen sax-
lidan da gvian brundebodnen, igi, kargad da-
binddeboda Tu ara, raRac ucnauri sastvenis
niSanze, midioda da sayviris xmamde modioda.
iSviaTad vnaxulobdi.

vizrdebodi; ukve Cemi samyaro saxls da

ezos gascda, quCasa da ubanSi gavida, mere
qalaqi moicva. saxlidan gaviparebodi da
didxans vtkbebodi franciskanelebis taZriT,
polonuri kaTolikuri kastioliT, grandi-
ozuli iezuitTa kolegiumiT; STambeWdavi
iyo koxta sinagoga da xis morebiT nagebi pa-
tara marTlmadidebluri eklesia. CemTvis im-
Jamad es ori sityva: franciskanelebi da ie-
zuitebi _ gaugebari iyo da maswavlebels
vTxove aexsna maTi mniSvneloba. imanac dRes
46
magisTvis ar mcalia da xval getyvi pasuxso.
meore dRes ki Zalian didxans da gulmod-
gined gvelaparaka mTel klass am ordenebis
Sesaxeb. maswavleblis ganmartebidan mxolod
ori ram gavige _ pirveli: ordeni adamianTa
gaerTianebac yofila, ai iseTi, rogoric Cve-
ni klasia an mTeli realuri saswavlebeli
da mxolod broSs ar aRniSnavs Turme; meore:
franciskanelebi ufro adre yofilan da di-
di gavlena hqoniaT mefeebsa da mTavrebze.
mere ki iezuitebi gaZlierebulan, franciska-
nelebi jer SeuviwroebiaT da bolos sul
ganudevniaT, anu franciskanelebi da iezui-
tebi mtrebi yofilan da orTabrZolaSi ie-
zuitebs gaumarjviaT. maT mier agebuli Seno-
bebiTac Tu vimsjelebT, iezuitTa kolegiumi
bevrad ufro didi nagebobaa, vidre fran-
ciskanelebis taZari da moereodnen, aba ras
izamdnen? _ ase vfiqrobdi maSin.

qalaqi rom kargad Seviswavle, mere ukve

pinskis garSemo mdebare tyeebsa da WaobebSi
mimdinare ambebiT davinteresdi. gansakuTre-
biT aqamde ucnobi legendebi mitacebda, ro-
melTagan zogi SiSismomgvreli iyo. ucnauria,
magram ambavi, rac ufro saSiSi iyo, miT
ufro momwonda, mamaxsovrdeboda da ocnebis
saSualebas maZlevda. Waobebis Tavze mofar-
fate damxrCvalTa nislisferi sulebi, gauv-
al tevrebSi qaTmis fexebze mdgari moZravi
baba-iagas xuxula, sasaflaoebis Ramis stu-
mari ZaRlebis xrova, Savi xeli, avi sulebi,
vampirebi myarad da didi xniT gaxdnen Cemi
cxovrebis boroti Tanamgzavrebi da, maTi ga-
47
damkide, sibnelis SiSi gamiCnda. zogjer Zi-
lis win sawolis qveS da tansacmlis karada-
Si guldagul veZebdi moCvenebebs.

pinskSi aSenebul gemTmSenebel qarxanas me-

qanikuric daemata da quCebSi xalxmac imata.
Camosaxlebulebi barakebs agebdnen da qalaqs
axali sacxovrebeli ubanic Seemata, iqauri
ucnauri wesebiT. muSebi RamRamobiT Tvrebod-
nen, daborialobdnen, mere Cxubobdnen, igine-
bodnen. erTxelac mTeli pinski SesZra aqamde
argagonilma ambavma: muSaTa ubanSi simTvra-
leSi cols qmari mouklavs, najaxiT dauCex-
avs da ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi mis
xorcs miirTmevda Turme. am mkvlelobis Se-
saxeb SesaZloa, veravis gaego, rom ara imaTi
erTi mezobeli, romelsac SeSurda gverdiT
binaSi yoveldRe moTuxTuxe xorcis surneli
da boqaulTan iCivla: aqamde TveSi erTxelac
ar hqondaT xorci, axla ki yoveldRe miirT-
meven, ese igi sadRac xbo an Zroxa moipareso.
misula boqauli da mwnilis kasrSi damari-
lebuli adamianis sxeulis nawilebi unaxavs.
is qali gaasamarTles da qalaqgareT, tyis
piras sagangebod agebul eSafotze, Ca-
moaxrCves. Tavze tomaraCamoCmul damnaSaves
sikvdilis win xmamaRla dauyviria: “adamianis
xorci gemrielia!” TiTqmis ori Tve mTeli
pinski am ambavs ganixilavda. mere istoria
TandaTan miviwyebas mieca, magram maleve misi
eqo ucnaurad daubrunda qalaqs. xalxSi xma
dairxa, tyeSi, sadac ganaCeni aResrula, moC-
veneba gaCndao. TviTmxilvelebi ambobdnen,
aCrdils, CamomxrCvaliviT, Tavze nacrisferi
48
tomara aqvs Camocmuli da RamRamobiT aseve
nacrisferzewargadafarebul cxenze amxedre-
buli uCumrad dahqris tyispira Waobebis
Tavze. sxvebi azustebdnen: Camocmuli tomara
TeTria, konusis formisaa da zed didi Savi
jvaria gamosaxuli; cxenis gadasafarebelze
ki daviTis eqvsqimiani varskvlavebia amoqar-
gulio. isic Tqves, is qali, erovnebiT rusi
ki ara, ebraeli yofilao, magram es aSkara
tyuili iyo. ebraeli da Savi muSa sad gago-
nila?! visac moCvenebebis ar sjeroda, movle-
nas civi gonebiT afasebda da yvelafers ga-
zafxulis pirze xSiri nislebiT gamowveul
iluziad miiCnevda. moaruli xmebi ki goravda,
goravda da aCrdilma qalaqSic SemoaRwia.
erTi martoxela moxuci qalbatoni yveboda,
rom RamiT fanjaraze viRacam miukakuna, gaix-
eda da TeTr cxenze amxedrebuli mgzavri
dainaxa, romelsac Tavisi daRlili cxove-
lisTvis wyali uTxovia:

_ xoda, gind daijereT, gind ara, gavutane

erTi vedroUwyali. ras vxedav? ucnobs Tavze
Camoucvia tomara, romelzec Tvalebis da pi-
ris adgilebi amoWrili hqonda. gamomarTva
savse WurWeli da, imis nacvlad, rom cxe-
nisTvis miewodebina, TviTon sulmouTqmelad
bolomde dacala da ras meubneba? _ magrad
mwyuroda, orasi wlis win iezuitebis kole-
giumis mSenebloba rom davamTavre, imis mere
wveTi ar damileviao. am siciveSi yinuliviT
civ erT vedro wyals adamiani ver dalevs,
namdvilad moCveneba iyo.

49
 xalxs am ambavze jer ecineboda, magram ze-
dized ramdenime adamianma msgavsi Tavgadasa-
vali rom gaando mezoblebs, mosaxleoba dai-
Zaba. amas ki erT mSvenier dRes ucnauri mov-
lenac daemata: ramdenime ebraulma ojaxma da
ratomRac dedaCemmac miiRo muqaris werili,
erTidaimave teqstiT: “franciskanelebis cod-
va ar gagaxarebT, Tu, rac Zvirfaseuloba ga-
badiaT, imis meaTed wils tyeSi im adgilze
ar miitanT, sadac eSafotia aRmarTuli.” es
werili imiTac iyo gamorCeuli, rom batifex-
uri asoebi yoveli ojaxis erT-erT Svilis
dawerils hgavda. dedam erTi aliyuri mec mi-
wilada, ase xumroba ar SeiZlebao, Tumca si-
marTle male gairkva. yvela bavSvis kaligra-
fia gayalbebuli aRmoCnda. aq raRac sxva am-
baviao da SeSinebulma mSoblebma saSvelad
rabins mimarTes. dedam sinagogaSi mec wamiy-
vana da pirvelad maSin vnaxe is ucnauri kaci,
romelmac SemdgomSi gadamwyveti roli iTa-
maSa Cems cxovrebaSi. rabinis sruli saxeli
mere gavige. igi daviT ben Smuel fridmania.

im dRemde yvelaze ganaTlebuli Cveni mas-

wavlebeli megona, magram rabinma gamaoca Ta-
visi mWermetyvelebiT, faqtebis codniT da
ukidegano azrovnebis unariT. daviT ben
Smuelma moismina realuri saswavleblis
yvelaze warmatebuli moswavlis xaim azriel
veicmanis dedis raxel-leas (Temma mas daava-
la gasaWiri mietana moZRvarTan) monaTxrobi.
wamiT dafiqrda da, rogorc CvenSi ityvian,
yvelafers kuTvnil Taroze miuCina adgili:

50
_ Tqveni monaTxrobi Zalian hgavs amerikis
kontinentze 60-ian wlebSi datrialebul am-
bebs. iq samxreTis armiis yofili generlis
naTan forestis xelmZRvanelobiT Caisaxa mo-
Zraoba, romelic Tavidan “sakvoiaJistebis”
anu wvrili saqmosnebis, Semdeg zangebis,
ebraelebis da sxvaTa winaaRmdeg iyo mimar-
Tuli. maT ku-kluqs-klanelebs eZaxdnen da
daaxloebiT iseve moqmedebdnen, rogor Tqveni
moCvenebebi. modiT TiTebze CamovTvaloT yve-
la msgavseba. isini: TeTrzewarCamofarebule-
bi uxmod daaqrolebdnen Ramis qalaqis qu-
CebSi cxenebs da xalxs afrTxobdnen. xmebs
avrcelebdnen, es aCrdilebi daRupul konfe-
derantTa sulebi ariano. Cvenebi: nacrisfer-
tomaraCamofarebuli mxedari mosaxleobis
dasanaxad daaWenebs cxens nislian WaobebSi
da xmebi vrceldeba, es egreT wodebuli “ba-
rakebis kaciWamias” suliao. aris Tu ara
msgavseba? ra Tqma unda, aris! erTi TiTi mov-
kakvoT! isini: RamiT konusisebr TeTr mosas-
xamSi gamowyobili maTi warmomadgeneli miad-
geboda mZinare zangs, gaaRviZebda da vedro
wyals mosTxovda, rasac sulmouTqmelad vi-
Tom svamda, sinamdvileSi ki mosasxamis qveS
damalul specialur rezinis WurWelSi as-
xamda da ambobda: rac kolumbTan erTad ame-
rikis miwaze davdgi fexi, wveTi ar damile-
viao. Cvenebi: SuaRameze miadgebian moxucebs
da cxenisTvis vedro wyals iTxoven, romel-
sac viTom sulmouTqmelad svamen. aris Tu
ara es qceva erTnairi? ra Tqma unda, aris!
meore TiTi movkakvoT! isini: RamiT cecxlwa-
51
kidebuli jvrebiT dadiodnen. Cvenebi: na-
crisfer tomaraze Savi jvari aqvT gamosax-
uli. aris Tu ara es erTidaigive simbolos
gamoyeneba? ra Tqma unda, aris! mesame TiTi
movkakvoT! isini: batifexuriT daweril muqa-
ris werilebs ugzavnidnen msxverpls. Cvenebi:
Cvenive Svilebis kaligrafiasmimsgavsebuli
batifexuriT gvZalaven qonebas. aris Tu ara
es principulad erTidaigive moqmedeba? ra
Tqma unda, aris! meoTxe TiTi movkakvoT! ame-
rikelebis arsenalSi adamianebis dasaSineb-
lad iyo kidev ramdenime saSualeba, romleb-
ic Cvenebs jerjerobiT ar gamouyenebiaT, ma-
gram ar CamovTvli mxolod imitom, rom, Se-
saZloa, ar ician maT Sesaxeb da ar minda Cem-
gan gaigon. axla davaskvnaT: isini aCrdilebi
ki ara, realuri adamianebi arian da aramgo-
nia, maTi mTavari mizani mxolod Tqveni
dafrTxoba iyos. isini SiSis daTesvis Semdeg
aucileblad daiwyeben realur moqmedebebs
da sifrTxilisken mogiwodebT. miT umetes,
paseqi da qristianuli aRdgomis dResaswau-
lebi gviaxlovdeba, rodesac imperiis gan-
saxlebis farglebSi gansakuTrebiT aqtiur-
debian aTasi rjulis wamqezeblebi. frTxi-
lad iyaviT da gaxsovdeT, ra urCia ieremiam
babilonSi gadasaxlebul iudevelebs.

Temis warmomadgenlebi Cafiqrebulebi, ma-

gram mainc kmayofilebi, daiSalnen. saxlisken
rom mivdiodiT, dedas kalTaze davqaCe:

_ de, ra uTxra ieremiam babilonSi gadasax-

lebul iudevelebs?
52
_ ukve didi biWi xar da, modi, vidre Sin mi-
valT, zepirad viswavloT ieremias naTqvami,
mxolod erTi pirobiT, rom mas arasodes
warmosTqvam sxvebis gasagonad. ai es jados-
nuri sityvebi:

“ager gamoCnda sxivi mstovrisa, romelic

gvavsebs kdemamosilebiT, bednierebiT,
msxmoiarobiT. midiT, SeuerTdiT, erTi wuTiT
ascdiT gaSlil almebs. gisurvebT RmerTis
siyvaruls. mudam izruneT im qalaqis keTil-
dReobisTvis, romelSic gadagasaxleT da
iloceT misTvis RvTis winaSe: rameTu misi
keTildReobis SemTxvevaSi, Tqvenc moipovebT
mSvidobas.”
Turme es iyo bolo sazepiro, romelic de-
dam maswavla.

sul male rabinis winaswarmetyveleba axda.

1889 wlis aRdgomis dResaswauli gamorCeu-

li aRmoCnda zogadad da piradad CemTvisac.
im wyeul wels paseqi 3 aprils, marTlmadi-
debelTa vnebis kviris pirvel dRes, saRamo-
dan Sedioda ZalaSi da palestinis gareT
mcxovreb ebraelTaTvis Cveulebrivad rva
dRe grZeldeboda, romelTagan meSvide anu
uqme, brwyinvale aRdgomis dResaswaulze, 9
aprils, saRamos dgeboda. swored am damTxve-
vam gansazRvra metwilad Cemi ubedureba.

paseqis dadgomamde eqvsi dRis win Cveni Ta-

naklaseli vova, romelic mamasTan erTad
pinskSi sul raRac oriode Tvis gadmosaxle-
53
buli iyo, saRamos realuri saswavleblidan
Sin ar dabrunebula. cam Cahylapa Tu miwam,
ver gaiges. meore dRes policiidan movidnen
da mowafeebi cal-calke direqtoris kabinet-
Si dagvkiTxes. aravin araferi icoda. bavSvis
kvals verc momdevno dRes miakvlies da ukve
xmebi dairxa, rom igi ebraelebma Seipyres,
raTa misTvis paseqis dResaswaulisTvis gamo-
sacxob macaSi aucileblad gasarevi qristia-
ni bavSvis sisxli gamoewovaT. jer mSoblebi
dafrTxnen, mere didebs bavSvebi ahyvnen da
xuTSabaTs gakveTilze sul eqvsi mowafe ga-
movcxaddiT.MqalaqSi cudma molodinma dai-
sadgura. muSaTa ubani duRils iwyebda, ma-
gram jer kidev Tokavda emociebs. didmarxvis
madls aRviriT magrad eWira moarul xmebs
ayolili adamianebis agresia da zRvris ga-
dalaxvis saSualebas ar aZlevda. daZabuli
iyo Cveni samezoblo, sadac ZiriTadad
ebraelTa Temi cxovrobda. maT gansakuTre-
buli sifrTxile gamoiCines, qristianebi zed-
metad rom ar gaeRizianebinaT, mTeli es
dReebi macas cxoba SeaCeres. paraskevs ki
yvelaferi gairkva. vovasTvis, qmarTan gayril,
Tavis dedas CamoukiTxavs da mamisgan daukiT-
xavad wauyvania.

patara Zebnili, dedasTan erTad, smolenskis

vagzalze SeupyriaT.

qalaqis orive nawilma SvebiT amoisunTqa.

54
 macaSi gasarevi qristianis sisxli Tu
xameci

paseqis wina dRes, 2 aprils, kviras Cvens

saxlSi didi fusfusi iyo. Temis kacebi di-
lidan movidnen da fanCaturSi, TeTri kiriT
SeRebil RumelSi, macas cxobas Seudgnen. es
iyo gansakuTrebuli dRe, rodesac dedam Ta-
vis samflobeloSi ucxo adamianebi SeuSva.
igi ise ganicdida am ambavs, rom saxlSi ver
gaCerda da sadRac wavida.

mcxoblebs da sxva mezoblebsac naWerSemox-

veuli Stofebi, boTlebi, mownuli bocebi

55
mohqondaT da sakuWnaoSi alagebdnen. mama maT
kapikianebs aZlevda, isini ki: saboloo fasze
dResaswaulebis Semdeg movrigdebiTo, _ eub-
nebodnen. amgvar qcevaSi iyo raRac ritualu-
ri, ucnauri da saidumlo.

saRamos mimosvla Sewyda;Emama qarxanaSi wa-

vida. deda, rogorc iqna, damibrunda.

_ de! raRac unda gkiTxo da nu gamibrazdebi.

_ gismen, Svilo.

_ de, dRes ramdenime mezobelma sxvadasxva

zomis raRac siTxiT savse WurWeli Semoitana
Cvens sakuWnaoSi. quCidan ezoSi rom Semo-
diodnen, sul aqeT-iqiT iyurebodnen, TiTqos
viRacas emalebodnen. mere mamam erTi boTli
aiRo, macis gamosacxobad mosul kacebs mi-
utana da: gamogadgebaTo, _ uTxra.

_ mere ra?

_ de! me mgoni im WurWelSi qristiani bavSve-

bis sisxlia macaSi gasarevad.

gaSlili mtevani xelukuRma Zalian mwared

momxvda.

_ wamoeTrie, Seni dasamiwebeli TvalebiT un-

da ganaxo is sisxli, _ xeli Camavlo da sa-
kuWnaosken wamaCaqCaqa.

bnel oTaxSi sxvadasxva feris naWrebSi gax-

veul WurWels Wraqis Suqze Zlivs mivageniT.
mamas mezoblebis mier motanili Stof-boTl-
56
bocebi marjvena kuTxis qveda Taros siRrmeSi
Seelagebina da wina mxridan kartofilis to-
mrebi miefarebina. dedam Wraqi SemomaCeCa, to-
mrebi gamoalaga da pirvelive xelSi moyo-
lili Stofi aiRo; Wraqi marcxena xeliT ga-
momarTva da marjvenaSi maRla aweul SuSis
WurWels mianaTa, romelSic wyalwyala rZis-
feri siTxe esxa _ TviTnaxadi arayi.

_ xedav, Turme ra xdeba?

_ vxedav.

_ mec ra suleli var. ra unamuso kacia?! xa-

meci saxlSi rogor Semoitana?! wamo, Svilo,
Sen raRas gerCodi?

dedam miambo ebraelTa erTi metad ucnauri

da Wkuis saswavlebeli tradiciis Sesaxeb.
iudevelTa kanonebis mixedviT, am Temis we-
vrebs evalebaT paseqis dResaswaulis dadgo-
mamde saxlSi ipovon da gadayaron an dawvan
xameci anu moxaSuli (damJavebuli)
marcvleulisgan damzadebuli produqtebi,
Tundac Cveulebrivi puri. Tumca yofila ga-
monaklisic. ebraelebs aqvT ufleba, Rirebu-
li xameci mihyidon araebraels. amgvar Rire-
bul produqtad iTvleba xorblis da sxva
marcvleulis arayi. ebraeli ukavSirdeba
araebraels da viTom mihyidis mas arays fa-
sad, romlis gansazRvrac moxdeba dResas-
waulis Semdeg. mxolod egreT wodebul myid-
vels sTxoven winaswar gadaixados simbolu-
ri Tanxa. paseqis Semdeg ki xdeba xamecis ga-

57
mosyidva. anu es erTgvari garigebaa, romlis
mizania ebraelma Tan ar daarRvios iudeve-
lebis kanoni, Tan SeinarCunos Tavisi qoneba,
am SemTxvevaSi arayi.

SarSan Cvens mezobel ebraelebs Tavisi

Zvirfasi xameci amgvari xerxiT gadauciaT
erT-erTi axalmosaxle muSisTvis, romelsac
Tavidan sarfiani pirobebi SemouTavazebia,
magram mibarebul-nayidi arayi TviTonac blo-
mad daulevia da danarCenic iafad miuyidia
Tavisi TanameinaxeebisTvis. SarSandeli Sec-
domiT Wkuanaswavl mezoblebs wels Tavisi
arayi mamaCemisTvis moubarebiaT. mivxvdi, deda
mamaze iyo gabrazebuli, daukiTxavad arayi
ratom Semoitana sakuWnaoSio da, silis gawv-
niT, javri Cemze iyara. zogjer xdeba xolme,
rom gaRizianebis namdvil mizezs ver vacno-
bierebT da risxvas sul sxva adamians dava-
texT Tavs. Tumca ra SuaSia risxva da dedis
xeli? amas winaT parizSi, luqsemburgis sa-
saxleSi senatis sxdomaze erTi ambavi amty-
dara mSoblebis mier sakuTari Svilebis ce-
mis faqtebis gaxSirebis gamo. iqaur presasac
meti ra undoda da gamoacxves statiebi
bavSvTa uflebebis dasacavad. aqaoda, bavSvis
cema Zaladobaa da moZaladeebma anu ded-mamam
kanonis winaSe srulad unda agon pasuxio.
saiT mieqaneba evropuli demokratia?! arada,
ra sibrZnea Cvenebur gamoTqmaSi: gcems? _ ese
igi uyvarxar! eh! evropelebis ar vici, magaT
ras gaugeb? me ki, ver warmoidgenT, rogor
menatreba dedaCemis gaSlili xelis mtevnis
gemo da ras ar mivcemdi, loyaze nacnobi,
58
odnav mwveli, magram saamo simxurvalis kidev
erTxel gansacdelad?!

paseqis pirveli dRe pinskis iudevelTa Temma

mokrZalebulad, jer sinagogaSi gragnilis
kiTxviT da Semdeg ojaxur wreSi mSvidad,
aRniSna. danarCenma dReebmac, albaT imitom
rom marTlmadideblebi vnebis kviraSi zedme-
tad ar gaeRizianebinaT, Jivil-xivilis gareSe
Caiara da movida aRdgomis dResaswauli
qristianebisTvis, xolo paseqis meSvide anu
uqme dRe _ ebraelebisTvis, rodesac zeimma
Tavis kulminacias miaRwia.

diliT Cveulebrivze adre gameRviZa. oTaxSi

ukve cxeloda, mSoblebs Rumeli daenToT,
sufra gaeSalaT da CurCuliT saubrobdnen.

_ qriste aRsdga! _ davaswari yvelas.

_ WeSmaritad aRsdga! _ mamam jamidan ori wi-

Teli saaRdgomo kvercxi aiRo, sawols moua-
xlovda, erTi me gamomiwoda, _ aba daartyi!

Cemi kvercxi gatyda.

deda movida, Sublze makoca.

_ gilocav, Cemo benoni! aTi Tvec da momavali

wlis 8 Tebervals cameti wlis, zrdasruli
adamiani gaxdebi. sabolood maSin gadawydeba
yvelaferi, _ miuxedavad dResaswaulisa, deda
Zalian seriozuli Canda. _ dRes dilidan ma-
maSenis gankargulebaSi xar, saRamos mogakiT-
xav da CemTan wagiyvan.

59
 aRdgoma, paseqis meSvide dRe da Savi
ZaRlebis xrova

marTlmadideblur eklesiasTan zRva xalxi

ireoda. taZarSi Sesvlaze arc unda geocneba;
iq jer kidev litaniobidan darCenili adamia-
nebi gamagrebuliyvnen. wirva dasrulda da
gaxsnilda.

daiwyo!!!

svamdnen yvelgan, yvelasTan da yvelani. mamam

eklesiis ezoSi Tavisi nacnobebi ipova da
barakebis ubnisken wavediT. iq moedanze didi
magida gaSales, miusxdnen da qeific gaCaRda.
moxarSuli kvercxis da saaRdgomo namcxvriT
guli rom vijere, mere iqaur Tanatolebs Se-
vuerTdi. moedanze Sekrebili xalxi mReroda,
cekvavda. gansakuTrebiT damamaxsovrda daT-
vis sakmaod mozrdili beli, romelic pa-
trons kudSi dasdevda da SigadaSig boTli-
dan luds miirTmevda. maxsovs daTunias es
gataceba iq Sekrebili publikis taSs imsax-
urebda.

pirveli usiamovnebebi saRamosken daiwyo.

rogorc mere gavige, ai ra momxdara: barake-
bis ubanSi sasmelis maragi im droisTvis
amoiwura. mTel pinskSi duqnebs, sasursaTo
maRaziebs da daxlebs ebraelebi flobdnen.
paseqis dResaswaulis bolo meSvide-merve
uqme dReebi ki qristianul aRdgomis dabinde-
60
bidan dgeboda, ris gamoc iudevelebs muSao-
bis ufleba ar hqondaT da xalxs ukve mxo-
lod am dawesebulebebSi daqiravebuli arae-
braelebi emsaxurebodnen. amaTac, araxameci
sasmeli srulad rom gayides, gadawyvites,
patronebisgan droebiTi gamosyidvis wesiT
SeZenil marcvleulis arayze iseTi fasi dae-
doT, rom realur mesakuTreebsac mogeba
enaxaT da TviTonac kmayofili darCeniliyv-
nen. ixuvla xalxma: ariqa, uriebma arayi xe-
lovnurad gagviZvireso. mTvralma brbom jer
muSaTa dasaxlebaSi arsebuli daxlebi da
duqani daarbia da qalaqis sxva ubnebiskenac
daiZra. policia iZulebuli gaxda, dasaxma-
reblad Jandarmeriis garnizoni gamoeZaxebina.
aRmoCnda, rom saaRdgomod jariskacTa da
oficerTa didi nawili SvebulebaSi iyo, ma-
gram, sabednierod, arsebuli ZalebiTac mox-
erxda seriozuli areulobebis Tavidan aci-
leba. bindis Camowolamde qalaqSi wesrigi
srulad aRdga. dakavebuli muSebi maleve
gaaTavisufles da JandarmTa razmebic yazar-
mebSi dabrundnen.

areuloba daiwyo Tu ara, mamam Tavisi nac-

nobi muSis binaSi mimiyvana da diasaxliss Ca-
mabara. CemTvis dResac ucnobia, rogor, ra
manqanebiT mipova dedam, magram aseTi aRelve-
buli, Tmagawewili me igi arasodes minaxavs.
situacia Cawynarda Tu ara, dedam maspinZlebs
madloba gadauxada, xeli magrad CamWida da
ase viareT sinagogamde, sadac Sekrebil ada-
mianebs SeSfoTeba ki etyoboda, magram, bara-
kebis ubnis mcxovreblebTan SedarebiT, mSvi-
61
dad iyvnen. es mainc qalaqis Soreuli gareu-
bani iyo da mRelvarebas aqamde ar mouRwevia.

sisxam diliT adgomam, sasiamovno da uaryo-

fiTma emociebma, mTeli dRe aqeT-iqiT wan-
walma, saRamos mkveTrad gaZlierebulma yin-
vam damRala da zezeulad meZineboda. dedis
Tvals, aba ra gamorCeboda?! aqauri Tavyri-
loba kidev didxans gagrZeldeba, Sen ver
gauZleb da wamo, saxlSi wagiyvano.

_ de, ukve bavSvi aRar var, marto waval,

araferi miWirs.

_ ara, ase ar gamova. xom xedav, ra areuli

dRe iyo. saxlamde migacileb da gulic mSvi-
dad meqneba, _ jubaCis sayeloze Semokruli
yelsabami gamiswora, xeli magrad Camkida da
saxlisken wavediT.

quCaSi Cveni mezobeli ioSafaTis garda ara-

vin Segvxvedria. am kacma erT mSvenier dRes
xmebi dayara, sizmarSi anaforiani moCveneba
gamomecxada da Sinagani organoebis samkur-
nalo wamlis recepti mikarnaxao. mere mTeli
TviT WaobebSi daikarga, iqidan zurgze toma-
ramokidebuli dabrunda da raRac balaxebis-
gan naxarSis damzadeba daiwyo. sul male mis
saxlTan ucxo qalebis da kacebis rigi dad-
ga. maT Soris yovelTvis iyvnen erTi xeibari
kaci da moxuci qalbatoni, romlebic dauza-
relad yvebodnen daujerebel istoriebs
ukurnebeli senis damarcxebis Sesaxeb. mere
da mere, momsvlelTa raodenoba gaizarda,

62
ioSafatma TanaSemweebi aiyvana da cxovrebac
moiwyo. dedaCemi ki sul ambobda, amis mox-
aluli mzesumzira ar iWmeva da es xalxi mis
damzadebul wamals avadmyofebs rogor as-
mevso?!

Cvens ezomde ormocdaaTiode nabiji rCebo-

da, qarma Rrublebi ramdenime wamiT gafanta
da milevadi mTvaris patara naWeri gamoCnda.
guli momeca, gavCerdi, dedas xeli gamovtace:

_ axla mainc gamiSvi. xom xedav, win aravinaa?

me ki sibnelis ar meSinia.

_ radgan ar iSli, aha, midi!

ociode nabiji gadavdgi, movixede da deda

ver davinaxe. ar vici, es nisli saidanRa
gaCnda. albaT Cven mogvdevda. kargad davak-
virdi da TeTr burusSi adamianis formis
lurji gamosaxuleba SevamCnie, romelic
TiTqos xels miqnevda da memSvidobeboda.
nisli ise swrafad moZraobda, ramdenime wam-
Si es aCrdilic STanTqa. uceb burusi Suaze
gaipo, gza ganaTda. deda idga da iRimoda. sa-
siamovno grZnoba dameufla, haerSi Sevxti da
gaxarebuli saxlisken gaviqeci. zurgs ukan
qoSinis xma momesma; Tavis marjvniv odnav mo-
bruneba movaswari; Savi ZaRlebis xrovam
swrafad Camiqrola da, vidre WiSkramde mi-
virbendi, Cems win mosaxvevSi Tvals miefara.

63
 kudianebis Rame, daviT ben Smuel
fridmani da koba juRaSvili

ezoSi Cveni beberi kata ar momgebebia. igi

saxlis karebTan iwva, Tavi maRla aewia, caze
raRac wertils miCereboda. gulma reCxi miyo.
vicodi, cxovelebi Tu ucnaurad iqcevian,
cud ambebs unda velodoT.

Cveni Rumeli didxans inarCunebda siTbos,

amitom oTaxSi ar cioda. magidaze odnav
mbJutavi lampa, etyoba, dedas darCa. albaT,
dauwia, suli Seubera da egona, rom Caaqro.
gavixade, Ramis perangi Cavicvi da, vidre
davwvebodi, sawolis qveS Sevixede, ise yove-
li SemTxvevisTvis. darwmunebuli viyavi, ase
ufro mSvidad da male CameZineboda. sanam
sizmrebis samyaroSi gadavinacvlebdi, erTi
azri amekviata: dRes dedas lampa ratom unda
aenTo? muSaTa barakSi rom momakiTxa, jer
kidev dRis Suqi iyo. maSin ras vifiqrebdi,
rom am kiTxvaze pasuxis miRebas wlebi das-
Wirdeboda?!

sawolSi piraRma viweqi. Tavi odnav marjvniv

gadamexara. miuxedavad imisa, rom oTaxSi
bneloda, yvelafers, rac TvalTaxedvis areSi
xvdeboda, mkafiod vxedavdi. aveji da nivTebi
Tavis adgilze iyo. lurji maRalTeTrsaye-
loiani kaba ecva; fanjris mxridan miaxlov-
deboda gaSlili xelebiT; iquxa da Semdeg
ielva; mis zurgs ukan uzarmazari Savi
64
Crdili gamoCnda; sadRac yvavma daiCxavla.
lurjkabiani sawolTan daixara. ukve naTlad
vxedavdi dedas. icoda xolme mZinaresTan mo-
parva da Cumad Sublze kocna. vcade, sabnidan
xelebi gamomeyo da Cavxutebodi, magram ver
gavinZeri. moulodnelad saxe damwvrobis
buStukebiT daefara, Tvalebis adgilze Rrma
Savi ormoebi gauCnda; SemeSinda, mere mivxdi,
es yvelaferi sizmarSi xdeboda. aba, jer qux-
ili da Semdeg elva sad gagonila? sinaTle
bevrad ufro swrafad moZraobs, vidre bgera.
radganac davrwmundi, sizmars vxedavdi,
gulze momeSva, magram amasobaSi lurji moC-
veneba yelSi mwvda da maxrCobda; kvlav vcade
xelebis gamoTavisufleba, arc amjerad gamo-
mivida rame. aha, esec sizmris gagrZelebaa, ga-
minaTda goneba, Tumca ukve sunTqva Semekra,
TvalT mibneldeboda, metis moTmena aRar Se-
meZlo, mTeli sxeuli gamiSeSda, vigudebodi
da, RvTis wyalobiT, mxsneli idea gamiCnda.
axla vcade, marcxena xeli rogorme gamomeTa-
visuflebina, kedelze braguni ametexa, rom
namdvil dedas gaego da vexseni koSmaruli
sizmris tyveobidan. goneba muSaobda, sxeulis
kunTebi _ ara. ukve yvela imedi gadamewura,
rom sawolSi marjvena gverdze gadmovbrundi
da Tvalebi gavaxile. axla ukve cxadad meR-
viZa. dedas damfrTxali saxe hqonda:

_ Svilo, karze ucxo kaci akakunebs. Tqvenma

qmarma gamomgzavna, saswrafo saqme maqvso, _
iZaxis. fanjridan gavixede da ezoSi kidev
ori aCrdili davlande. guli migrZnobs, ra-
Rac cudi ambavia Cven Tavs. adeqi, samalavSi
65
SeZveri da, rac ar unda moxdes, Seni xma ar
gavigo.

_ de, cudi ambebi mezmana, etyoba es Rame moC-

venebebisaa.

_ daRlilze icis cudi sizmrebi. nu zozi-

nob, es gadasafarebeli moisxi da swrafad
samalavSi, _ dedam karadis kari gamoaRo da
fskeris qveS mowyobil saidumlo sivrceze
dafarebuli SeniRbuli xufi amoswia. iq erTi
adamiani Tavisuflad Tavsdeboda.

_ Tu marTla safrTxe gvemuqreba, marto ar

dagtoveb!

_ benoni, Svilo, es is SemTxvevaa, rodesac

arCevani cudsa da ufro cuds Soris unda
gavakeToT. ufro cudia Tu safrTxe orives
dagvemuqreba. axla Seni kargad yofna metad
mniSvnelovania. Tanac Tu yaCaRebi arian,
mZevlad gamogiyeneben, wamebas dagiwyeben da
amgvarad maiZuleben maTi brZanebebi Seva-
srulo. Cqara, Torem movida gaSlili xeli, _
es ukanaskneli yvelaze Zlieri argumenti iyo.
samalavSi ise movewyve, rom WuWrutanidan,
romelic sahaeros funqciasac asrulebda,
oTaxSi mimdinare procesebi kargad damenaxa.

dedam saRamurze lurji xalaTi gadaicva;

qamari welze SemoiWira, sarkeSi Caixeda, Tme-
bi xeliT gaiswora, karisken wavida da Se-
moaRo. magidis gadasafarebeli mefareboda
da Ramis stumari jerjerobiT ar Canda, sama-
gierod yvelaferi mesmoda:
66
_ qalbatono, SemomiSviT, dRes aRdgomaa, ur-
julo xom ara var, nu geSiniaT. rodemde un-
da vidge karis zRurblze?

_ jer gamagebineT, Cemi qmari cocxalia Tu

mkvdari? simarTle miTxariT, ar mogeridoT.

_ cocxalia da jan-RoniT savse. sanaZleo wa-

vage da damevala arayi mivutano.

_ ase geTqva, keTilo kaco, guli rom gamix-

eTqe. arayi! aba am SuaRames meti raRa unda
Tqvens Zmas?! aq damelodeT. oTaxSi ar gepa-
tiJebiT, saxlSi marto var. vinme rom movides
da ucxo kaci dainaxos, sircxvilia.

deda kedelTan midgmul Ceqmebs miuaxlovda,

erT-erTSi xeli Cahyo da gadamaluli kvarti
TviTnaxadi amoaZro. amasobaSi daupatiJebeli
stumari zurgidan miadga. Savi tyapuWi ecva
da bewvis yurebiani qudi exura. vicani. es
msuqani kaci mamas kompanias saRamos Se-
mouerTda da sul gaiZaxoda: me Tqven yvelas
pativs gcemTo. jerjerobiT saSiSi araferi
iyo.

_ cotaa, qalbatono, Zalian cotaa! _ ga-

moarTva dedas kvartiani da SeanjRria.

_ raRa cotaa, litrze metia.

_ es gzaSic ar meyofa.

_ dagilevia? moinele. aiRe, rasac gaZleven

da wadi, saidanac mosulxar.

67
_ qalbatono, uxeSoba ra saWiroa? ubralod
miTxariT, sad inaxavT uriebis TviTnaxads?
waviReb da waval Cems gzaze. me _ CemTvis,
Tqven _ TqvenTvis! ar gicnob, ar micnob. me me
ara var; es cxenic sxvisia; Cemi qoxi kidisaa,
codniT ki araferi vicia!

_ Senca xar ra?! ra leqsebis kiTxva agityda.

xom xedav, es Zuknac uriaa. amaT Tu TavSi ar
Cascxe, verafers gaagdebineb, _ iRriala uc-
nobma.

stumrebi ukve orni iyvnen. ese igi, erTi ga-

reT darCa.

lampiT ganaTebul oTaxSi yvelaferi kargad

Canda, Torem cud xilvadobas davabralebdi
axali daupatiJebeli stumris amgvar Sesax-
edaobas. ucnaurad ecva. konusisebr nacris-
fer mosasxamze didi Savi jvari iyo amoqar-
guli, xolo saxis adgilze qaTqaTa TeTri
cxenis Tavis qala hqonda. pirveli stumari
dedas miuaxlovda da xeli saxeSi gaartya.
muclis areSi tkivili vigrZeni.

_ nela, biWo, qali ar daamaxinjo. ver xedav

ra lamazi uriaa?! modi, jer vixmar da mere
rac ginda uqeni, _ am sityvebiT cxenisTavis-
qalianma megobari gverdze gaswia da dedas
welze moxvia xeli.

_ eg ar gaakeTo, xom ici, visi colia?! _ iy-

vira tyapuWianma msuqanam.

68
_ Sen vin gekiTxeba, ZaRlis Svilo, roca ar
gtynaven _ nifxavs nu ixdi! imas aseTi, me rom
vici ise, kidev, sul cota, sami hyavs. misgan
ra midis?! araferi daakldeba.

gulma bagabugi daiwyo, sunTqva gamixSirda,

muxlebi amikankalda da TiTqos gadavwyvite
dedis dasaxmareblad samalavidan gamovsu-
liyavi, rom:

_ modi, sayvarelo, Tu am sikeTes mipireb,

uars Sennair namdvil mamakacs rogor getyvi.
gaviTange Tqveni Wiriani Zmakacis xelSi. mo-
di, magrZnobine qaloba.

Tvalebs ar vujerebdi. is urCxuli Tavisken

miizida da ase erTmaneTs Cakonebulebi magi-
dasTan aRmoCndnen. deda zurgze gadawva da
xelebi gaSala; urCxulma mosasxami mkerdamde
aiwia, qamari Seixsna, sazizRari muceli gau-
SiSvlda, dedas fexebi aawevina da zemodan
daacxra.

tkivili axla gulSi vigrZeni da oflma da-

masxa. vgrZnobdi, cotac da gonebas davkar-
gavdi, rom kacis saSineli bRavili gaisma:

_ momkla! momkla am SobelZaRlma! _ es iyo

misi ukanaskneli sityvebi.

Tvali vkide, rogor gadmoucvivda gafatru-

li muclidan nawlavebi; welebs didi faSvic
mohyva; wamic, mosasxami CamoiSala da es saSi-
neli sanaxaoba dafara. kaci jer Caikeca,
Semdeg ki mowyvetili ukan gadavarda.
69
_ axla Sen modi, msuqana. Senc xom namdvili
mamakaci xar? . . mSvidad iyavi, sayvarelo! _
dedas xelSi puris saWreli dana eWira,
romlisganac sisxlis da qaqis Txeli, erTma-
neTSi azelili masa iatakze wveTavda. misi
Turme ukanaskneli fraza: “mSvidad iyavi, say-
varelo!”_ me mexeboda.

yvelaferi gameyina da gavSeSdi. arc erTi

kunTi ar memorCileboda. suli sxeuls da-
Sorda da samalavidan gamovida. movixede da
davinaxe sazizRari, mokrunCxuli Tormeti
wlis cxvirmouxocavi lawirakis civ oflsa
da sakuTar Tbil fselSi mcuravi sxeuli.
mivxvdi, rom es me viyavi. axla gasaWirSi Ca-
vardnili am gvamis mitoveba arafriT SeiZle-
boda da amitomac davubrundi, Tumca masze
kontroli verafriT aRvadgine. yvelafers
vxedavdi da yvelaferi mesmoda, magram ise,
TiTqos es ambebi sxvis Tavs xdeboda.

najaxma dedas Subli Suaze gaupo. iqidan

tvinis patara nacrisferi masa gamoiburca,
romelic imave wams gadmoRvrilma sisxlma
gaawiTla. misi sxeuli iatakze daenarcxa.
deda aRar myavda. ratomRac adrec mifiqria,
misi sikvdilis SemTxvevaSi ra moxdeboda?
maSin megona, rom Tu es ubedureba Se-
memTxveoda, raRac aqamde ucnobi, gadaulax-
avi, tkivilismomgvreli grZnoba dameuflebo-
da. axla ki wyena vigrZeni. dedis gardacva-
leba ubralod mewyina da Tanac gulis siRr-
meSi masve gavubrazdi, rom es tragedia ver
amarida.
70
 yurebSi mibzuoda, mere TiTqos viRacam
sastvenSi Cabera da lamis sasmeni apki ga-
miskda. inaTa, iquxa da msuqanac daeca. iara-
Ris Cxakunis xmebi gaisma. iqiTken gavixede.
mamas orive xelSi gadaWrili Tofebi eWira.
saxeze aRelveba ar etyoboda. mSvidad miua-
xlovda gaSxlarTul msuqanas, Sublze daado
lula da kidev erTxel igriala. igive ritu-
ali Seasrula mosasxamianis Sublzec. esec
mesame, _ gavifiqre da gamaxsenda dedaCemis
naTqvami: “fanjridan gavixede da ezoSi kidev
ori aCrdili davlande.”

mama Sua oTaxSi idga. erTi Tofi moisrola,

meore kidev erTxel gadatena da safeTqelTan
miido. mivxdi, Tu axla sasxlets TiTs daa-
Werda mxedvelobis da smenis unarsac davkar-
gavdi. ar gausvria. Tofi dauSva da kara-
disken wamovida. aq vegulebodi. axlos rom
movida, mis ukan ganaTda, TiTqos naTeli
daadga. karadasTan muxlebze daeSva. mivxvdi,
bodiSs moxdas apirebda, Tvali TvalSi ga-
miyara, “mapatieo”, miTxra da piridan sisxli
gadmoarwyia. quxilis xmam mxolod axla
moaRwia Cemamde. mama gverdze gadawva da aRar
ganZreula. Tavze Tofiani cxenisTavisqaliani
urCxuli adga. man jer Tavis qala moiSora,
mere konusisebri Tavsaburavi da vicani. es
adamiani muSaTa dasaxlebaSi Cemi dRevandeli
maspinZeli qalbatonis qmari iyo. gamixarda
misi naxva. deda, rogorc yovelTvis, marTali
aRmoCnda: karTan mdgar kacs Tan ori aCrdi-
li axlda, romlebic ezoSi imalebodnen.
CemTvis yvelaze mTavari ki is iyo, rom maTgan
71
erT-erTi moCveneba mama ar yofila. ucnauria,
magram Sveba namdvilad vigrZeni. maSinaTve,
albaT rom ar damviwyeboda, gonebaSi gavi-
meore dedis ukanaskneli fraza: “mSvidad iya-
vi, sayvarelo!” da mamis bolo sityva: “mapa-
tie!” ase daviwye Cemi ucnauri koleqciis Se-
groveba.

ucnobma nacnobma oTaxSi mimoixeda, msuqanas

gvamTan mivida, daixara, aryis kvartiani
Zlivs waarTva micvalebuls, kbilebiT sacobi
amoglija, gadmoafurTxa, boTli miiyuda da
karga xans ylurwavda. mere erTi gulianad
amoixvneSa da ginebac amoayola:

_ Tqveni dedac! Rirda es yvelaferi uriebis

aryis fasad?! marTali yofila dedaCemi, yve-
la ubedurebis saTave TviTnaxadiao rom am-
bobda. sviT axla wvimis talaxiani naJuri da
miataneT Savi miwa, _ lampa aiRo, daaxeTqa.
cecxli iataks moedo, miswvda magidis gada-
safarebels, kargad aguzguzda da TandaTan
miaxlovdeboda. Ramis stumari arsad Canda.
garedan SeSfoTebuli adamianebis xmebi mes-
moda:

_ ariqa, xanZaria! wyali, wyali. . .

kvlav gaSeSebuli viweqi samalavSi: kunTic

ar mikrToda. iataki Cems win aalda, kvamli
WuWrutanidan Semovida, ukve verafers vxe-
davdi, rom damaxvela, risTvisac saWiro qve-
da yba da muclis kunTebi amoZravda; maT
sxeulis sxva nawilebic ahyva, marcxena mxari

72
xufs avartyi; wamovdeqi, karadis kari gavaRe,
win yvelaferi iwvoda; cecxlSi gavabije,
ukana ezoSi gamaval fanjarasTan mivirbine
da gadavxti. wamovdeqi, ukan movixede: fan-
jridan cecxlis enebi ukve saxuravisken mii-
wevda. Robes gadavevle, mezoblis saxlze
midgmul kibeze elvis uswrafesad avcocdi,
samercxulidan sxvenSi gadavZveri, iq movka-
laTdi da axla aqedan vadevnebdi Tvals qve-
moT mimdinare movlenebs.

adamianebi wyliT savse qvabebiT, vedroebiT,

gobebiT darbodnen, yvirodnen, viRacas eZaxd-
nen. erTi-orjer Cems saxelsac movkari yuri,
magram me es yvelaferi ukve aRar maintere-
sebda . . .

diliT gvian gameRviZa. Tvali gavaxile, sa-

mercxulidan gavixede. Cveni saxlis adgilze
mxolod gamuruli Rumeli idga amayad.
irgvliv ki yvelaferi jer kidev bolavda.
ucnauria, magram arc mcioda, arc mwyuroda,
arc mSioda da saerTod araferi maintereseb-
da. isev gaviTiSe . . .

mivxvdi, ratomac gaviRviZe. bebo, Cemi ganu-

meorebeli bebo gaxldaT amis mizezi. misi xma
Zalian axlodan Camesma. vifiqre, sxvenSi mo-
magno, axla Tavze madgas-meTqi da saswrafod
gavaxile Tvalebi. ara, bebo aq ar iyo, sama-
gierod, misi saubari mkafiod da xmamaRla
mesmoda. samercxulSi SesaniSnavad ismis xme-
bi. bebo RmerTs elaparakeboda:

73
_ . . . SviliSvilic waiyvane, ki batono, ma-
gram misi gvami mainc mapovnine, rom miwas mi-
vabaro, _ mere, rogorc Cans, viRac amqvey-
niurs miubrunda, _ ai, es adgili gawmindeT
morebis da ficrebis namwvavebisgan. aq idga
karada. SeiZleba iq damales Cemi benoni. ai es
mori gadaswieT. . . aha, es ukve karadis nawi-
lebia. . . frTxilad, mand unda iyos. . . xeli
ar axloT, me TviTon.

_ ara, qalbatono, araa es karadis nawilebi,

fanjris CarCos ufro hgavs.

_ aba, odnav marjvniv naxeT . . .

_ sul gagiJda es sacodavi, _ gaisma CurCu-

liT ucnobi xma.

_ SviliSvils ki ara, me mgoni eg saojaxo

oqroulobas eZebs, _ CurCuliTve upasuxa
meorem. _ ai es ki namdvilad karadaa. vipoveT,
qalbatono.

_ Cemi benoni ipoveT?

_ karadis ConCxi vipoveT.

metis moTmena aRar SemeZlo, samercxulSi

Tavi gavyaviYda daviZaxe:

_ bebo! aq var, bebo! mand nu meZebT, ager var

zemoT!

ase swrafad morbenali adamianebi mas Semdeg

arasdros minaxavs. bebos damxmare muSebi
saxlis namwvavebidan amoxtnen, Robes ga-
74
daevlnen da gauCinardnen. bebos zRaprebSi
xdeboda ase: cam Caylapa Tu miwamo, _ ityoda
xolme.

_ gmadlobT, ufalo, Tundac am saxiT rom

manaxe Cemi imedi da Tvalis Cini, _ zecisken
aRmarTa bebom xelebi.

samercxulidan gamovZveri da kibiT daSveba

daviwye. xelebze davixede, mivxvdi, ratomac
gaiqcnen muSebi. albaT saxec aseTi gamuruli
maqvs da adamianebs moCveneba vgonivar. bebo
ar gamigiJdes-meTqi da aqedanve gavamxneve:

_ me var, bebo, cocxali var, bebo! _ ukve xma

amikankalda da cremlebic wamskda . . .

meore dRes bebom rabin daviT ben Smuel

fridmanTan mimiyvana da iq gadawyda Cemi bedi.
brZenma kacma gulisyuriT moismina Cveni ga-
saWiri da brZana: bavSvis mama rusi iyo, Sesa-
bamisad rusuli gvari aqvs; jer bar-micva ar
Camitarebia. igi unda moinaTlos marTlmadi-
debluri wesiT, rac xels Seuwyobs, daubr-
koleblad gascdes gansaxlebis farglebs da
ruseTis did qalaqebSi daewafos codnas,
raTa momavalSi ukeT SesZlos samSoblos da
xalxis samsaxuri. kuro visic ginda iyos, xbo
mainc Cveni iqneba. mis swavlas da pansionSi
cxovrebas me davafinanseb. 15 agvistodan
minskis vaJTa gimnaziaSi miiyvaneT. formalo-
bebi ukve mogvarebuli iqneba. pinskis realu-
ri saswavleblis xelmZRvanels davelaparake-
bi da aqaur saqmeebsac eSveleba. bavSvi so-

75
felSi waiyvaneT da iq daasveneT. axla mas
didi siyvaruli da mofereba sWirdeba.

eh, bebo, Cemo sayvarelo, bebo! ra icodnen

tfiliselma TaRliTebma me rom didi siyva-
ruli da mofereba mWirdeba, Torem ase cudad
xom ar momeqceodnen?

_ neba miboZeT, warmogidgeT! koba juRaSvili!

_ gaisma sakmaod xmamaRla.

Tvalebi tfilisis vagzlis skverSi gavax-

ile. Cems win idga zafxulisTvis sruliad
Seuferebel muq Sarval-kostiumSi da TeTr
perangSi gamopranWuli, aprexilulvaSiani,
SavSlapiani axalgazrda kaci da marjvena
xelSi yalions aTamaSebda. guSin saRamos
elizavetpolSi matareblis vagonSi rom av-
diodi, igi tamburSi gamcilebels cxared
ekamaTeboda. zrdilobis wesebi gamaxsenda,
wamovxti:

76
_ pativi maqvs . . . , _ unda CamomeTvala Cemi
regaliebi, magram uceb gamovfxizldi, gamax-
senda, sad viyavi da ra xalxTan mqonda saqme,
_ ukacravad, batono Cemo, magram dagagvian-
daT. Tqvenamde ukve kargad gavicani aqauri
tradiciebi, ris Sedegadac am wuTas ukapikod
gaxlavarT da veraferSi gamogadgebiT. qeds
vixri qarTvelebis Tavazianobisa da gansaku-
Trebuli fxianobis winaSe, _ Slapa movuxade
da ase gavecale pirSi Calagamovlebul mo-
rig kavkasiel TaRliTs.

77
 tfilisuri bavaria, kunZuli de la
site, zarmacebis xaSi da ak-
trisa margarita

tfilisis 1907 wlis ruka parizis biuroSi

gvqonda da iqve Seviqmeni zogadi warmodgena
am aTi policiuri ubnisgan Semdgari rTu-
lreliefiani qalaqis Sesaxeb.

kavkasiaSi misi saimperatoro udidebuleso-

bis mefisnacvlis kancelariis sagangebo ga-
nyofilebis Senoba mtkvris gaRma marjvena
napirze, mTawmindis ferdobze mdebareobda.
rkinigzis sadguris skveridan iqamde orien-
tirebic moniSnuli mqonda. Cems win, vagzlis
quCis marjvena mxares, myari Senoba idga, sa-
dac Tbilisis mazris samxedro meTauris sam-
marTvelo iyo ganTavsebuli; qalaqSi Ca-
momsvlels unda egrZno, vin aris aqaurobis
baton-patroni. rusuli armiis uZlevelobis
niSnad tfilisis rkinigzis karibWesTan aR-
marTuli stumris Semgebebeli nagebobis
simtkicem Tavdajerebuloba damibruna; Semax-
sena, aq xom saxelmwifo samsaxuris davale-
biT vimyofebi. amaSi ki jamagirs da samivli-
nebo Tanxebs mixdian. Tanac Sansi maqvs, Tuki,

78
ra Tqma unda, ar davigviane, saxelmwifo sab-
Wos wevris ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis gamo
sikvdilmisjili, sul cota, erTi udanaSau-
lo adamiani vixsna CamoxrCobisgan. “ra ube-
durebaa, aqaoda karaqiT fafas ver gaafuWebo
da, imaze meti adamiani dasajo sikvdiliT,
vidre danaSaulSi monawileTa raodenobaa?” _
gavifiqre Tu ara, imwamsve mivxvdi, rom axla
TviTon vcdilobdi sakuTari Secdomis sxve-
bis gankiTxviT Semsubuqebas; saxeze siwiTle
momawva; Semrcxva; eSmakma macduna, codva mo-
naniebuli jobia, varfalameiCTan imdeni arayi
ar unda damelia. adamis modgmisTvis damax-
asiaTebeli es sisuste, SesaZloa, viRacis si-
cocxlis fasi dajda, xolo Cemma qveyanam
fuli izarala. saxelmwifom tyuilad, ara-
ferSi, wyalSi gadayara policiis departa-
mentis rotmistris erTi, guSindeli, dRis
xelfasi, me ki es Tanxa praqtikulad movpare
mas, Cems samSoblos. asea, roca samsaxurSi
xar da ar muSaob, damqiravebels fuls parav
anu ubralod qurdi xar. viTom didad
ganvsxvavdebi axla tfiliseli bacacebisgan,
vis msxverpladac miviCnev Tavs?

jibeSi “mogebuli” xurda blomad mqonda,

SemeZlo etli ameyvana da daniSnulebis ad-
gilze mivsuliyavi; amasobaSi, savaraudod,
cxra saaTic gaxdeboda. Tumca quCidan usa-
buTod misul kacs sagangebo ganyofilebaSi
vin mimiRebda?! gamosavali, ra Tqma unda, ar-
sebobda. Cemi davalebis da pirovnebis Sesaxeb
cnobebs, moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, policiis de-
partamentis sazRvargareTis agenturis
79
xelmZRvaneli telegrafiT ramdenime wuTSi
daadasturebda, magram _ ai kidev erTi magram
_ kvlav droSi sxvaoba! tfilisSi Tu cxra
saaTi xdeboda, parizSi am dros dilis eqvsi
saaTi iyo. ase rom, es asoTxmoci wuTi ro-
gorme unda gametarebina. vagzlis quCas fexiT
gavuyevi. ucxo qalaqSi gaseirneba TavisTava-
dac sasiamovnoa da damaxsovrebuli rukiT
orientirebaSic gavivarjiSebdi; marjvena
mxares Tambaqos fabrika unda gamoCeniliyo.

xeze zurgiT miyrdnobil axalgazrda mama-

kacs dro vkiTxe. gakvirvebulma Semomxeda da
Tavis enaze raRac mipasuxa. am SemTxvevaSi
yvelaze gamosadegi munjuria. TaRliTebis
“naCuqari” saaTi amoviRe, marcxena xelis saC-
venebeli TiTiT zed davakakune. kidev ufro
gaocebuli saxe miiRo; axla Tavis saaTze mi-
vuTiTe. rogorc iqna, mixvda, ra mindoda, ci-
ferblatze damaxeda: cxras aTi wuTi aklda.
madloba gadavuxade da uneblie moZraobiT
Cemi saaTi gavxseni;Eigi, rac ar unda ucnauri
iyos, zust dros aCvenebda, anu kargad mu-
Saobda. imis nacvlad, rom amis gamo madlie-
rebis grZnoba gamCenoda, kidev erTxel gav-
brazdi. mivxvdi, vagzalze saTiTurebis speq-
takli, fexsacmlismwmendavis uvertiuriT,
rusul enaze specialurad CemTvis daidga da
SurisZiebis mwveli survili vigrZeni. adrec
SemimCnevia, samagieros mizRvaze ocneba sasia-
movno da tkbilia. warmovidgine, parizidan
miRebuli depeSiT, rogor aRvidgendi Jandar-
meriis rotmistris statuss da ra siamovne-
biT mivmarTavdi moniWebul uflebebs im mama-
80
ZaRlebis dasaWerad, izolatorSi Casayrelad.
ukve TvalnaTlad vxedavdi maT patie-
bismTxovnel Calurjebul-Casisxlianebul
saxeebs, rom gamaxsenda bebosTvis sul ramde-
nime wuTis win micemuli piroba. me xom ukve
vapatie tfilisel TaRliTebs.

adamianis bunebaa aseTi, zogjer cdilobs

ahyves Surisgebis netar grZnobas, Torem
realur saswavlebelsa da gimnaziaSi gazuT-
xuli sazepiroebi am vnebis daZlevis Sesaxeb
xom mudam TavSi maqvs da axlac gamaxsenda:
“vinc moisurvebs Sens gankiTxvas da Seni mo-
sasxamis waRebas, samoselic Tan gaatane mas.”
saxarebidan citatebs advilad vizepirebdi.
ufro Znelad vimaxsovrebdi Rirsi mamebis na-
Sromebs: “gulRrZooba aris risxvis aRsru-
leba, codvaTa daunjeba, simarTlis siZul-
vili, saTnoebis uaryofa, sulis Jangi, gone-
bis matli, locvaTa wabilwva, vedrebis aRk-
veTa, siyvarulis gaucxoeba, sulSi CarWobi-
li lursmani, arasasiamovno grZnoba, wyenis-
moyvareobiT tkboba, codvaTa ukvdaveba, dau-
Zinebeli kanondarRveva, maradiuli borote-
ba”, _ es ioane klemaqis “kibidanaa”.

am bolo dros ganaTlebis mesveurebi gim-

naziebSi citatebis gazuTxvis winaaRmdeg
ilaSqreben. ra vici, SesaZloa, marTlebic
arian?! vin mosTvlis, ramdeni uZilo Rame ga-
miTenebia bibliidan da saxarebidan baraqiani
nawyvetebis dazepirebaSi. Cemma ramdenime am-
xanagma maTes saxareba icoda zepirad. maSin
pinskis realur saswavlebelSi vswavlobdi
81
da imaTi mSurda. es cudi grZnoba bebos ga-
vumxile. Svilo, benoni, saRvTo wignebi, ara
marto im adamianebisTvisaa, visac maTi Ses-
wavla an Tundac gazepireba SeuZlia, aramed
maTTvisac, visac mxolod erTi winadadebis
mosmena eRirseba da imasac ver gaimeorebs.
maSin miambo araCveulebrivi ambavi, romelmac
didi Sveba momgvara. Zvel droSi, qristemde
yofila babiloneli hileli, romelTanac
erTi warmarTi mosula da piroba wauyenebia,
Sens sarwmunoebas miviReb, Tuki mTel Toras,
anu ebraelebis salocav wignebs, im droSi
maswavli, ramden xansac cal fexze dgomas
SevZlebo. hilels upasuxia: “aba, moemzade,
mokece erTi fexi da yuradRebiT momismine: nu
gaukeTeb sxva adamians iseT rames, rac SenT-
vis saZulvelia. ai es aris mTeli Tora, sxva
yvelaferi ki ganmartebebia.” Tvalwin damidga
im warmarTis saxe, romelic, Toras ase mou-
lodnelad Seswavlis Semdeg, kidev didxans
idga cal fexze da vin icis, raze fiqrobda
misi ukve iudevelebis sibrZnes naziarebi
tvini?!

Tambaqos fabrikas Cavuare. gamoCnda Semdegi

orientiri, marcxniv kuTxeSi, amierkavkasiis
rkinigzis sammarTvelos Senoba iyo, Tumca am
nagebobas, CemTvis moulodnelad, sasaxle
ufro eTqmoda. es iyo ruseTis imperiis uzar-
mazari sarkinigzo uwyebisTvis Sesaferi,
Tqveni mosawoni, apartamenti, romelic am pa-
tara qalaqisTvis, cota ar iyos, grandiozu-
lad gamoiyureboda. asea, ganapira terito-

82
riebs met yuradRebas vaqcevT, Sua ruseTs ki
geriviT veqceviT.

marTalia, amgvari safrTxe ar arsebobda, ma-

gram profesiuli CvevisTvis ar miRalatia da
gadavwyvite, Sememowmebina kudi xom ar amyva.
amis gakeTeba ucxo adamianisTvis aris Zneli,
Torem filerTa _ gare dazvervis agentebis _
samoqmedo instruqciis mcodne kacisTvis msu-
buqi samuSaoa. radganac vagzlis quCaze
qveiTTa didi moZraoba ar iyo, amitomac fi-
leri, Tuki miTvalTvalebda, instruqciis Ta-
naxmad, Cemgan Sor manZilze unda yofiliyo.
es Cemi pirveli upiratesoba; axla quCa unda
gadamekveTa da sammarTvelos SenobasTan
marcxniv, elisabedis quCaze Camexvia. “Tu dak-
virvebis obieqtma quCis kuTxeSi Seuxvia, na-
bijs unda auCqaroT, raTa dainaxoT, igi
sadme xom ar Sevida”, _ instruqciis am punq-
tis mixedviT fileri iZulebuli xdeboda,
ufro swrafad emoZrava. esec Cemi meore upi-
ratesoba. dinjad mivseirnobdi, gzajvaredins
im gaTvliT mivuaxlovdi, rom vagzlisken mi-
mavali etli gametarebina, mkveTrad movuxvie
marcxniv, sirbiliT gadavkveTe quCa, Tvalis
kidiT vcade fexiT mosiaruleTa Soris amo-
merCia savaraudo fileri anu ocdaaTiode
wlis axalgazrda mamakaci, romelic garegno-
biT da CacmulobiT sxvebisgan mkveTrad ar
gamoirCeoda; rkinigzis sammarTvelos Senobis
kuTxes amovefare, Cavimuxle, xelebs daveyr-
deni da qveda kuTxidan erTi wamiT gavixede.
gadmorbenisas SerCeuli ori kandidatidan
erT-erTi, muq Sarvalsa da nacrisfer perang-
83
Si Cacmuli kaci, romelsac Tavze aqauri CaCi
exura, aqeT morboda; swrafad wamovxti da
elisabedis quCasac dinjad gavuyevi.

cxovrebas azri mieca.

ramdenime metrSi xelmarjvniv baqos quCaze

Cavuxvie, iqidan ki mixeilis prospeqtze aR-
movCndi. yvelafers velodi, magram tfilisSi
Tu germanuli qalaqis kopwia ubanSi amo-
vyofdi Tavs, namdvilad ver warmovidgendi.
lariviT swori gzis gaswvriv orive mxares
gamoCnda baRebi da maTSi Cadgmuli koxta,
TaRiani saxlebi, romelTagan ramdenimes Za-
lian uxdeboda mezonini. marcxena mxares mde-
bare pirvelive saxlis TaRis kuTxeebSi et-
lis borblebisgan damcavi boZkintebi ruse-
Tis qalaqebidan mxolod peterburgSi minax-
avs. magram aq mTavari saocreba, arqiteqtura
ki ara, is ramdenime adamiani iyo, romlebic
srulad miesadagebodnen garemos. marjvena
mxares trotuarze farTe qvedabolosa da
Wrel kofTaze didi TeTri winsafriT, Tavze
kopwia qaTqaTa CaCiT idga sami bavarieli
qalbatoni; marcxniv mdebare saxlis aivanze
qoTnis yvavilebs rwyavda zustad aseve Cac-
muli germaneli. win, Sors evropulsiluetia-
ni adamianebi moCandnen. bavariel qalebs rom
Cavuare, mkafiod gavigone, isini germanulad
laparakobdnen. Cemi gegmis mixedviT, am Seda-
rebiT xalvaTad dasaxlebuli ubnidan, sac-
xovrebeli saxlebiT da dawesebulebebiT
daxunZluli didi mTavris quCiT unda ga-
megrZelebina gza mixeilis xidisken, magram
84
saocrebis Semyurem gadavwyvite, cota xniT
prospeqtze davrCeniliyavi, sadac orientirad
marcxena mxares policiis ganyofileba megu-
leboda. asiode metris gavlis Semdeg, ro-
gorc qalaqis xedebiT aRtacebuli stumari,
davtrialdi, rom am mSvenierebisTvis kidev
erTxel Semevlo Tvali da aivanze gamosuli
germaneli qalbatonis qveS, kedelTan axlos,
Cemi mdevari davinaxe.

policiis Senobas Cavuare da axla mixeilis

prospeqtze kiroCnis gadaRma marcxena mxares
luTeranuli kirxe unda gamoCeniliyo. rac
ufro vuaxlovdebodi gzajvaredins, quCaSi
fexiTmosiaruleTa raodenobac matulobda.
wesiT, xalxmraval adgilebSi fileri unda
momaxloveboda da farad adamianebi gamoeye-
nebina. gadavwyvite, zed gzajvaredinze mou-
lodnelad ukan movbrunebuliyavi, maZebrisT-
vis TvalebSi Camexeda da am xerxiT Camome-
Sorebina. instruqciis mixedviT, Tu dakvirve-
bis obieqti gamoicnobs da daimaxsovrebs
filers, es ukanaskneli valdebulia Sewyvi-
tos TvalTvali da Tavisi Secdomis Sesaxeb
acnobos ufrosobas; Tu, ra Tqma unda, adgi-
lobrivi specifikidan gamomdinare, aqauri ma-
Zebrebi raime egzotikuri qvesaxelmZRvane-
loTi ar sargebloben. parizSi miRebuli
cirkularuli werilis mixedviT, tfilisis
Jandarmeriis saqmianobis SarSandeli Semow-
mebis Sedegad gamovlinda uamravi darRveva.
maxsovs, iq isic ki ewera, rom Turme saidum-
lo agentebi da filerebi xalxmraval adgi-
lebSi TavianT xelmZRvanelebs da erTmaneTs
85
mowiwebiT da daufaravad esalmebian, rac ka-
tegoriuladaa akrZaluli. ufro metic, sai-
dumlo agentebs filerebi saerTod ar unda
icnobdnen.

dabali galavniT garSemortymulma kirxem

Tavisi mSvenierebiT damatyveva. ukve gzajva-
redinze videqi. Setrialebamde Tvali
marcxniv gameqca: elisabedis quCis da kiroC-
nis gadakveTaze idga ucnobi kaci da miyu-
rebda. gamikvirda; axla marjvniv gavixede,
didi mTavris da kiroCnis kuTxeSic SevniSne
SesaZlo maZebari. gamodis, rom sami fileri
momacilebda da maT Soris ori paralelur
reJimSi. paralelur TvalTvalad miiCneva,
rodesac fileri obieqts paralelur quCaze
mihyveba misive savaraudo siCqariT da gzaj-
varedinebzeRa cdilobs uSualo dakvirvebas.
amgvari frTxili da gadazRveuli sqema mxo-
lod im SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba, Tu obieqti
gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa.

gulis siRrmeSi siamaye vigrZeni; marjvniv

gadavuxvie da didi mTavris quCisken gave-
marTe. uceb Cems zurgs ukan etlis muxruWe-
bis RrWiali, cxenebis Wixvini da mSobliuri,
monatrebuli, gulis siRrmidan wamosuli ru-
suli gineba gaisma. movtialdi. vagzalze na-
naxi qarTveli meetleebiviT Cacmul rusis
vankas, romelsac qarTuli CaCi exura, etli
zed mixeilis da kiroCnis kuTxeSi gaeCerebi-
na, lagami marcxena xelSi eWira, xolo marj-
venas kavkasiuri temperamentiT iqnevda, Tan
lazaTian ginebas ganagrZobda, bolo fraza
86
ver gavige, mgoni, ganjeli mogit-xani axsena.
misi amgvari gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis ob-
ieqti ki Ria sportuli orTvalas kofoze wa-
momarTuli, uaxlesi Tavisufali stilis ama-
zonkaSi gamopranWuli, umSvenieresi axal-
gazrda qalbatoni, namdvili amorZali gaxl-
daT, romelmac, rogorc Cans, gza mouWra
meetles, axla ki arad dagidevdaT mis Sego-
nebebs da swrafad ganagrZobda jiriTs. aseTi
scenebi am bolo dros parizisTvisac gaxda
damaxasiaTebeli, oRond mTavar gmirebad
iqaur incidentebSi avtos saWesTan msxdomi
qalbatonebi gvevlinebian.

marjvena mxares mdebare zubalovis saxalxo

saxlTan marcxniv Cavuxvie da xalxmraval
didi mTavris quCas gavuyevi. qalTa gimnazia,
kontrolis palata, mixeilis savadmyofo ukan
movitove, kuboebiT movaWre quCasac gavcdi,
marcxena mxares mdebare RvTismSoblis ekle-
sias Cavuare da mixeilis xids mivuaxlovdi.
aq ki voroncovis Zegli damxvda. paradoqsebis
qveyanaa ruseTi: monumenturi skulptura mix-
eil voroncovisaa, xids ki mixeilis saxeli
hqvia, oRond mixeil romanovis _ nikoloz
pirvelis Zmiswulis pativsacemad. Tavad xi-
dis ansambli ori nawilisgan Sedgeboda da
madaTovis kunZuls marjvena da marcxena sa-
napiroebTan akavSirebda. meore xidis boloSi
erTmaneTis sapirispirod, zed mtkvris marj-
vena totis Tavze ori sastumro idga:
marjvniv _ “londoni”, marcxniv _ “grand
oteli”. moedanze aRmarTuli Zegli, xidi,
sastumroebi da, rac mTavaria, kunZuli ukve
87
gasagebs xdida, Tu ratom ambobdnen tfi-
lisze, rom igi kavkasiis pariziao. kunZuli
safrangeTis dedaqalaqSi mdebare de la
sites, xolo aqauri xidebi “sen miSelis” da
“gadamcvlelebis” patara analogebi iyo.

88
 mdinaris marjvena sanapiroze gadavedi,
aleqsandres baRis SesasvlelTan wamiT gavi-
fiqre, aq xom ar damemTavrebina filerebTan
uazro kata-Tagvobanas TamaSi?! viwro xidi da
quCa samives erTad SeniRbvis Sans ar utoveb-
da, magram maTi gacucurakebis sxva veraguli
gegma ufro efeqturad momeCvena da gza gan-
vagrZe. baRi sakmaod didi iyo, marcxena
mxares mSenebare ucnauri taZari davinaxe. mo-
89
meCvena, TiTqos erTi eklesiis Tavze meores
aSenebdnen; axlos Cavuare da golovinis
prospeqtis gadaRma wminda aleqsandre neve-
lis saxelobis rusuli marTlmadidebluri
sobori mzad iyo zecaSi asaWrelad. ai namd-
vilad grandiozuli taZari, romelic am pro-
vinciuli sagubernio qalaqisTvis ar damenana.
axla ordonian qarTul eklesias movubrundi.
miuxedavad dausruleblobisa, masac hqonda
Tavisi pewi da momxibvleloba, magram sru-
liad sxva stilis nageboba iyo. arqiteqtu-
rulad gverdi gverdze mdgar or marTlma-
dideblur taZars Soris iseTive gansxvaveba
iyo, rogoric Tundac luTeranul kirxesa da
maT Soris. ori TiTqos erTi aRmsareblobis
saRvTo nageboba ise gansxvavdeboda erTmane-
Tisgan, rogorc wiTeli da Savi. arCevani, ra
Tqma unda, wminda aleqsandre nevelis sax-
elobis eklesiis sasargeblod gavakeTe, qudi
movixade, pirjvari gamovisaxe da soborSi Se-
vedi. mSobliur xatweras Tavisi lazaTi da
madli aqvs. sanTlebi davanTe, viloce da
valmoxdili davubrundi golovinis pros-
peqts. saaTs davxede, dro kidev mqonda. axla
ra guli gamiZlebda, rom aqedan sul axlos
mdebare, msoflio presis furclebze rekla-
mirebul, duqan “tilipuWurSi” ar mesauzma?!
am aziuri bufetis Sesaxeb, Tqven warmoidgi-
neT, “niu iork Taimsic” ki werda. diax! es
swored 1907 wlis 13 ivniss tfilisis bankis
gaZarcvis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT gaxmaure-
buli “tilipuWuria”, romelic sasaxlis da
sololakis quCebis kuTxeSi, zed paskeviC-

90
erivanskis moedanze, TamamSevis qarvaslis
qveS mdebareobda. swored aqedan imarTeboda
Turme im saxelganTqmuli bandituri Tavdasx-
mis bolo etapi.

duqnis momsaxure personals saxeze daRla

etyoboda. rogorc Cans, dilis stumrianobis
piks ukve gadaevlo da axla magidebs ala-
gebdnen. darbazSi nivris, aryis, Savi wiwakis
surneli trialebda. Tavisufal magidas mi-
vujeqi. momiaxlovda mklavze TeTrpirsaxoc-
gadakidebuli mimtani mamakaci, romelsac Savi
farTxuna Sarvali da bluzi ecva, Tavze
kartuzi exura:

_ ras miirTmevT, Tqveno keTilSobilebav?

TqvenTvis gvaqvs zarmacebis xaSi!

ucxo qalaqSi meetlis da oficiantis gemov-

nebas unda endo. pirveli saukeTeso sastu-
mros da bordelis arCevaSi dagexmarebaT,
meore _ nacionaluri sasadilos rCeuli ker-
Zis. es xaSi ra iyo, ar vicodi, magram zed-
sarTavma “zarmacebis” mas meti intriga Sehma-
ta da amitomac daufiqreblad SevukveTe.
sauzmis molodinSi duqnis kedlebze Camoki-
debulma naxatebma miipyro yuradReba. jer
agdebulad vaTvalierebdi, magram uceb
mivxvdi, rom am ucnaurma tiloebma damatyveva
da gamitaca. stili hgavda parizsa da mTel
evropaSi erTob popularuli primitivisti
mxatvris anri Julien feliqs rusos xelwe-
ras.

91
_ lamazia, ara, Tqveno keTilSobilebav? ru-
sebs da evropelebs moswonT. ager, im kuTxeSi
wveriani da gadRabniltansacmliani kaci rom
xatavs, imisia, _ magidaze ucnauri formis
puri da uSvelebeli TefSiT wvniani damila-
ga. patara grafiniT ki arayi damidga.

_ arayi _ ara! ar vsvam! im kacs ra hqvia, vin

aris?

_ aqauri mRebavia, nikos eZaxian! am bolo

dros cota ver aris! daiCema da viRac qals
xatavs ukve or kviraze metia. arada, adre
erT naxats zogjer erT dReSi amTavrebda;
miirTviT, Torem gacivdeba. duqnis patronma
Tqva, aman Tu ase nela xata, zaralidan ver
amovalo.

gulma ver momiTmina, mivedi; moTeTro-

molurjo mokle kabasa da yviTel fexsacme-
lebSi Cacmul qalis figuras ukirkitebda.

92
_ RmerTma xeli mogimarToT! vinaa?

_ aktrisa margarita! _ zedac ar Semouxedavs.

mivxvdi, sxva samyaroSi iyo da CemTvis ar

ecala.

xaSi da aqauri puri gemrieli gamodga. Sua

WamaSi viyavi, rodesac duqanSi sami axal-
gazrda Semovida. karebTan axlos mdgar magi-
dasTan, Cemgan zurgiT, dasxdnen da xaSi
moiTxoves. yoCaR biWebi! axla amaT hgoniaT,
rom instruqciis dacviT moqmedeben! ise ofi-
cianti marTali yofila, am sauzmes arayi au-
cileblad sWirdeboda, magram Tavi Sevikave.
Wama davamTavre da ucnobi mxatvris namuSe-
vrebis TvalierebiT Seviqcie Tavi. aba, file-
rebs xaSs xom ar movwyvetdi?! rac ar unda
iyos, kolegebi iyvnen . . .…

93
 portupei-praporSCikebi, fanen-iunkerebi
da zrdilobis gakveTilebi
pinxus iankeleviC lernerisgan

duqan “tilipuWuridan” gamovedi, saxazino

banks Cavuare da petre didis quCas avuyevi.
tfilisis aTi sapolicio ubnidan oTxSi fex-
iT gaviseirne, anu qalaqis mniSvnelovani na-
wili ukve Semovlili mqonda. yvela ZiriTadi
quCa rusi mefeebis, samefo dinastiis warmo-
madgenlebis Tu Tavadebis saxelebs atarebda:
elisabedis, mixeilis, didi mTavris, golovi-
nis, petre didis; moedani graf paskeviC-
erivanskis, parki aleqsandre meores, xidi
mixeil romanovis, kunZuli ki berZnuli war-
moSobis rusi generlis madaTovis saxelobi-
sa iyo.

94
 yoCaR, kargad umuSaviaT aqaurobisTvis ru-
suli sulis Camberavebs!

mSvenier xasiaTze davdeqi. axla filere-

bisTvis unda momexoca cxviri. petre didis
quCis pirvel gzajvaredinamde armisuli,
marcxena mxares mdebare kavkasiaSi misi saim-
peratoro udidebulesobis mefisnacvlis kan-
celariis sagangebo ganyofilebis Senobis
sadarbazosTan kedels movefare. filerebmac
ar daayovnes; samive erTad momiaxlovda. ma-
SinaTve gamovedi samalavidan, Slapa movixade,
espanuri reveransic ostaturad gamomivida:

_ “adios”, arwivebo! _ da gansakuTrebul ga-

nyofilebaSi Sevedi.

sami fileri, specifikurad gaazrebuli in-

struqciis dacviT, TiTqmis mTel qalaqSi
Tvalyurs adevnebda obieqts, romelic bolos
Tavisi fexiT mivida maTi uwyebis zedamxed-
vel dawesebulebaSi. Tavs albaT mityepili
bavSviviT grZnobdnen.

me ki moriges warvudeqi!

_ Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, sabuTebi, Tu

SeiZleba! _ saqmiani da konkretuli gamodga
misi reaqcia.

_ Tu ar SewuxdebiT, ganyofilebis ufross

moaxseneT Cems Sesaxeb.

_ sabuTebi!

95
_ sagangebo davalebiT var parizidan. ase ga-
daeciT, _ jerjerobiT mtkiced videqi.

_ vidre sabuTebs ar vnaxav, verafriT dagex-

marebiT, sabuTebi-meTqi!

vaxteri yoveldRe xedavs, rom dawesebule-

bis TanamSromlebi, romlebsac igi
gulwrfelad emsaxureba, masze rangiT maRla
dganan da zedac ar uyureben. amas kidev See-
gueba kaci, magram ai garedan mosulebic rom
arafrad agdeben, ginda ar ginda, protestis
grZnobas uRvivebs da, Sansi miecema Tu ara,
cdilobs imaT mainc uCvenos, rom isic ada-
miania, masac aqvs raRac uflebebi da pati-
viscemas imsaxurebs. ampartavnebis amgvari ga-
movlineba xSirad SemimCnevia swored ka-
riskacebisTvis, darajebisTvis, megarderobee-
bisTvis, konduqtorebisTvis, portupei-
praporSCikebisTvis, fanen-iunkerebisTvis da
sxva, rangebis Sesaxeb tabels gareT darCe-
nili, uCinoebisTvis. moriges TvalebSi Cav-
xede da vigrZeni, Tu axlave sxva gamosavals
ver vipovidi, igi xmaurian scenas moawyobda,
riTac metyoda, rom aqvs uflebebi da Rirse-
bis grZnoba, xolo oxrankis TanamSromlebs
gaagebinebda, naxeT, Turme mec mniSvnelovani
figura var, romelsac meti pativiscemiT unda
moepyroTo. imave wams mivxvdi, rom skandali
mec mawyobda da, radganac konfliqti ori-
vesTvis momgebiani iyo, Tavazianobis daviwye-
bac SeiZleboda:

96
_ rigiTo, rogor ubedav oficers am toniT
saubars? xma Caikminde da axlave bodiSi mo-
mixade!

gabrazeba Sen Cemi naxeo, jibidan sastveni

amoiRo da iseTi wkriali atexa, Tqveni mowo-
nebuli. meore sarTulze kibis moajirTan,
samxreebi ver gavarCie, magram marjvena
mkerdze aqselbandebiT mivxvdi, oficeri ga-
moCnda.

_ ra xdeba, batonebo, ra xmauria?

_ pinxus iankeleviC, es adamiani usabuTod

cdilobs dawesebulebaSi SemoWras! _ vin
icis, ramdenjer narepeticiebi fraza gaaxmo-
vana kariskacma.

pinxus iankeleviC, ese igi gvarad lerneri,

anu sagangebo ganyofilebis Sefis TanaSemwe.
am SemTxvevis xelidan gaSveba ar SeiZleboda
da, vidre oficeri xmas amoiRebda, sxapasxu-
piT mivayare Tuki raime informacia mqonda
mis Sesaxeb:

_ Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, ruseTis

“wminda stanislavisa” da sparseTis “lomisa
da mzis” ordenebis kavalero, Stabs-
rotmistro pinxus iankeleviC lerner, tfi-
lisSi policiis departamentis sazRvargare-
Tis agenturis xelmZRvanelis davalebiT Ca-
movedi parizidan. Tu nebas momcemT, detale-
bis Sesaxeb kabinetSi mogaxsenebT!

97
 sxarti azrovnebis gareSe JandarmeriaSi,
oxrankasa da dazvervaSi samuSaod ver moxv-
debodiT. magram movlenaTa Sefaseba, situa-
ciis marTva, dialogSi sasurveli Sedegis
miRweva SeuZlebelia, Tu zusti da utyuari
informaciac ara gaqvs. Cven xSirad vxdebiT
sakuTari cru an damaxinjebuli warmodgene-
bis, Tundac bavSvobaSi arasworad Seqmnili
stereotipebis msxverpli. mqonia SemTxvevebi,
rodesac am mizezebis gamo, Tavi camde mar-
Tali megona da gavognebulvar mowinaaRmde-
gis sijiutis xarisxiT; mere gamigia, rom Cems,
erTi SexedviT, mtkice da uryev mtkicebule-
bebs Soris erT-erTi mcdari iyo da argumen-
tebis jaWvic amis gamo gawyvetila. yovelive
imis safuZveli ki, rac Cemsa da Stabs-
rotmistrs Soris im wuTebSi moxda, orive
mxridan Zalian Rrma da safuZvliani Secdo-
mebis Sedegi gamodga: pirveli: cru informa-
cia; meore: cru warmodgenebi; mesame: cru va-
raudebi; meoTxe: cru pativmoyvareoba; mexuTe:

98
cinizmi. saocaria, magram dialogis bolomde
ver mivxvdi, rom me alTas viyavi, is _ bal-
Tas, rac CemTvis TeTri iyo, imisTvis _ Savi:

_ keTili, mand ras dgaxarT? amobrZandiT,

mzad var, gulisyuriT mogisminoT! Tqven ukve
imdeni ram gcodniaT Cems Sesaxeb?! mec momin-
da, axlos gagicnoT! _ adamianebTan urTier-
Tobis maRali done miCvena oficerma.

Tavis droze Jandarmeriis da oxrankis

tfilisuri skolis kadrebis maRali profe-
sionalizmi cnobili iyo mTel imperiaSi. ru-
seTis imperiis samxedro kontrdazvervis am-
Jamindeli Sefi vladimer lavrovi, swored am
qalaqSi moRvaweobda. igi jer tfilisis sa-
gubernio JandarmTa sammarTvelos ufrosis
moadgiled dainiSna. maSin ase xdeboda: da-
fuZnda samZebro ganyofileba da mis Tanam-
Sromlebs, ministr plevres brZanebiT, miav-
lendnen JandarmTa sagubernio sammarTve-
loebSi, oRond im pirobiT, rom rCebodnen
policiis departamentis daqvemdebarebaSi. es
samZebro ganyofilebebi Semdeg gardaiqmna
oxrankad. 1903 wlisTvis lavrovma maRal sa-
fexurze aiyvana tfilisis politikuri po-
licia, magram Tavis gundTan erTad samxedro
dazvervaSi gadasvlis da peterburgSi gada-
bargebis Semdeg, raRac drois ganmavlobaSi,
tfilisis oxranka gaxda cnobili TaRliTe-
bis, meqrTameebis, xazinis qurdebis saaspare-
zo. arsebobda eWvi, rom politikuri poli-
ciis TanamSromlebi adgilobriv revolucio-
nerebTan WukWukebdnen. maTi mamxilebeli cir-
99
kularuli werilebidan ramdenimes gvari da-
mamaxsovrda: rotmistri f. s. roJanovi, pro-
vokatori m.i. guroviCi da l. p. rakovski. Cemi
tfilisSi Camosvlis dRisTvis ki aq politi-
kuri policiis funqciebs asrulebdnen: kavka-
siis raionuli oxrankis ganyofileba (Sefi:
polkovniki a. m. eriomini), tfilisis oxrankis
ganyofileba (Sefi: rotmistri a. v. karaulo-
vi) da kavkasiaSi misi saimperatoro udide-
bulesobis mefisnacvlis kancelariis sagan-
gebo ganyofileba (Sefi: polkovniki v. a. ba-
buSkini). pirveli ori eqvemdebareboda impe-
riis policiis departaments da amave dros
kavkasiaSi misi saimperatoro udidebulesobis
mefisnacvlis kancelariis sagangebo ganyo-
filebas, es ukanaskneli ki mefisnacval ila-
rion voroncov-daSkovis meSveobiT Tavadac
policiis departamentis direqtoris nil zu-
evis morCilebaSi gaxldaT; am tradiciuli,
Cveneburi, rusuli “bardakis” gareSe aba ro-
gor iqneboda?

Savkolenkolgadakruli ormagi kari, mwvane-

maudiszedapiriani samuSao magida, sami skami
da taxti, kedelze telefonis aparati, impe-
ratoris uzarmazari portreti, wignebis ka-
rada, “oto grilis da k “-s firmis didi sei-
fi _ es gaxldaT klasikuri kabineti. pinxus
iankeleviC lernerma taxtze mimiTiTa da
TviTonac gverdiT momijda:

_ gulisyuriT gismenT!

100
 jer wvrilad movuyevi Cemi Tavgadasavali;
ra Tqma unda, kondrat varfalameiC zalata-
revski da elizavetpoli ar mixsenebia. bevri
icina; mere saqmeze gadavedi:

_ axla iq ukve samuSao droa. Zalian gTxovT,

telegrafis meSveobiT daukavSirdeT parizis
biuros da gamoiTxovoT monacemebi Cemi pi-
rovnebisa da misiis Sesaxeb.

_ Cemo keTilo megobaro, Tqvens metyvelebaSi,

manerebSi, iumoris grZnobaSi kargad Cans
wignieri, gonieri, kulturuli adamiani. ar
dagimalavT, daginaxeT Tu ara, momewoneT. me-
gobrad miguleT. mibrZaneT, riT gemsaxuroT
da saqmes dauyovnebliv SevudgeT.

_ uRrmesi madloba ndobisTvis.

_ ras brZanebT, piriqiT _ Tqven gmadlobT aq

CamobrZanebisTvis. kidev erTxel gidasturebT
Cems uRrmes pativiscemas! ra gavakeTo da riT
daviwyoT? _ Stabs-rotmistrs Tavis SekiTx-
vaze gaecina, _ mapatieT, uneblieT wamomcda
Cveni, rusuli maradiuli kiTxvebi: ra vake-
ToT da riT daviwyoT?

_ vinaidan parizidan dasturis mosvlamde

mendobiT, visargebleb Tqveni keTilganwyobiT
da gTxovT, Sesaswavlad gadmomceT 1907 wlis
13 ivniss saxazino bankis TanamSromlebze
Tavdasxmis da 250 aTasi rublis gatacebis
saqmis Tqven xelT arsebuli masalebi. Cemi
Sefi miiCnevs, rom tfilisSi arsebuli sam-
saxuri yvelafers akeTebs revoluciur mo-
101
ZraobasTan brZolaSi da, RmerTma dagvifa-
ros, Tqvens kompetenciaSi SemoWras ar vapi-
rebT. es saqme mxolod ucxoeTSi rusul emi-
graciaze dakvirvebis TvalsazrisiT aris
CvenTvis saintereso.

_ ratom mebodiSebiT. es xom anbanuri WeSma-

ritebaa: revoluciur moZraobas imperiis te-
ritoriaze vebrZviT Cven _ adgilobrivi
oxrankis TanamSromlebi da ucxoeTSi rusul
emigraciaze dakvirvebas awarmoebT Tqven _
sazRvargareTis agenturis warmomadgenlebi.
bankis Zarcvis bilikebi evropiskenac wavida
da iqaur TanamemamuleebTanac micunculda.
ramdenime wuTis win sadarbazoSi Tqveni in-
formirebuloba gamoamJRavneT. gansakuTrebiT
gamaoceT sparseTis “lomisa da mzis” orde-
nis xsenebiT, romelsac ver vatareb imis gamo,
rom uwyebis xelmZRvanelobisgan jer ar mi-
miRia specialuri nebarTva. neba miboZeT, ax-
la me vcado, Tqveni interesis meore saqmis
dasaxeleba.

_ yuradRebiT gismenT! _ cota ar iyos gamik-

virda sakiTxis ase dasma, radganac sxva saq-
meze, aba, saidan unda scodnoda?

_ Tqvenis nebarTviT, sasamarTlos arqividan

agreTve gamoviTxovT saxelmwifo sabWos we-
vris, misi brwyinvalebis, Tavad ilia WavWava-
Zis mkvlelobis saqmes!

pinxus iankeleviC lerneri logikurad ver

daaskvnida, rom bankis saqmis paralelurad

102
Tavad WavWavaZis mkvlelobis saqmes moviT-
xovdi. mec ki ver warmovidgendi, rom am or
saqaRaldes Soris raime kavSiris arsebobo-
baze momiwevda dafiqreba. anu mas es infor-
macia mxolod Cems portmones saidumlo ga-
nyofilebaSi Senaxuli daSifruli werilidan
unda mieRo. maSin gavifiqre, rom mTeli Sex-
vedris manZilze TvalTmaqcobda pinxus ler-
neri. icoda, SesaniSnavad icoda, vin viyavi.
albaT TaRliTebma, mas Semdeg rac gaiges, Tu
ra kaci gaacucurakes, naZarcvi nivTebi Tavis
mfarvel okolotoCnis Seapares. iman ki, vi-
Tom SemTxveviT napovni sabuTebi Jandarmebs
gadasca. isini oxrankas daukavSirdnen,
oxranka _ sagangebo ganyofilebas; vidre qa-
laqSi davborialobdi, morige Stabs-
rotmistrma miiRo, daaTvaliera portmone,
ipova saidumlo ganyofileba, im ganyofile-
baSi naxa daSifruli werili, Sifris gasaRe-
bi gamoiyena, waikiTxa, gaigo raSic iyo saqme.
. . yvelaferi naTeli gaxda, magram ar Se-
vimCnie. Tu aqamde pinxus iankeleviC lerneri
kata iyo da Tagvi _ me, axla Sansi momeca,
odnav ukeTes poziciaSi Cavmdgariyavi da
saqme ise warmomedgina, rom Tavidanve yvela-
feri vicodi. ubralod wamiT davfiqrdi, Tu
ra formiT unda gamovsuliyavi suleluri
mdgomareobidan.

_ TamaSi damTavrda, _ Camesma Stabs-

rotmistris sityvebi da guli damwyda. ver
davaswari.

103
_ erTi wamiT davigviane. Tqven xom Tavidanve
icodiT, vin viyavi.

_ miyvars gonebasxarti adamianebi da ra vqna?!

mxolod erTi wamiT ki ar daigvianeT, aramed
erTi dRiT! _ pinxus iankeleviCi zeimobda.

_ eg saidanRa gaigeT? _ ese igi, elizavet-

polSi mogzaurobasac ar Cauvlia SeumCnev-
lad.

_ martivi ariTmetikaa. policiis departamen-

tis sazRvargareTis agenturis namdvili war-
momadgeneli sarekomendacio weriliT xelSi,
guSin diliT, piradad mobrZanda CvenTan,
Sexvda kavkasiaSi misi saimperatoro udide-
bulesobis mefisnacvlis kancelariis sagan-
gebo ganyofilebis ufross, polkovnik vasili
aleqsandroviC babuSkins, moiTxova zemoT da-
saxelebuli saqmeebi, operatiulad, erT dRe-
Si, gaecno dokumentacias da guSinve gaemgza-
vra baTumSi. Tqvens mobrZanebamde ki Cvenma
agentma telegrafiT gvacnoba, rom igi gemze
avida da, SesaZloa, am wuTebSi konstantino-
polisken miapobs talRebs. namdvilad gamao-
ceT; yvelaferi migigavT: mimika, Jestikula-
cia, tansacmeli. Tumca asakiT ufro axal-
gazrda CanxarT da Tvalebi, swored Tvalebma
damaeWva. sainteresoa, Zalian sainteresoa, ma-
gram eg xom SeuZlebelia? ara! amboben, misT-
vis SeuZlebeli araferiao! unda gadavamowmo.
manamde ki, keTilo jadoqaro, gTxovT sakanSi.
sadilis Semdeg ki kidev erTxel SevxvdebiT
erTmaneTs da, imedi maqvs, Cveni urTierTobis
104
toni da xasiaTi ar gascdeba civilizebul
samyaroSi damkvidrebul normebs. amisTvis ki
mxolod Tqveni keTili nebaa saWiro.

_ Zalian gTxovT, parizSi acnobeT yvelaferi!

Cvens Tavs raRac didi ubedurebaa!

_ ai eg ki ar gekadrebaT! Tqven damarcxdiT!

Rirseba wagebis SemTxvevaSic unda SeinarCu-
noT. erTmaneTs pativi vceT!

Tavis marTlebas azri ar hqonda da beds mi-

vende. wesiT, simarTle male gairkveoda.

105
 «БЕЙ ЖИДОВ! СПАСАЙ РОССИЮ!»

bneli sakani, gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca aq

marto xar, idealuri adgilia fiqris, gans-
jis, movlenebis SefasebisTvis. studentobis
periodSi peterburgis policiis sxvadasxva
ganyofilebis sapatimroebSi araerTi Rame ga-
miTenebia. ase rom, gamocdili kaci var. ar
avRelvebulvar, wamovweqi narze, Tvalebi
davxuWe, varskvlavebiT moWedili ca warmo-
vidgine da fiqrebis usasrulo okeaneSi Sev-
cure.

pirvelad sapyrobiles sakani WuWrutanidan

vnaxe. maSin dabali skami damidges da pinskis
Jandarmeriis hauptvaxtis karis saWvretidan
Semaxedes winaswar kargad ganaTebul sivrce-
Si, sadac gamoketili hyavdaT mamaCemis sava-
raudo mkvleli. amocnobis amgvar ucnaur
xerxs Cemi imJamindeli mZime sulieri mdgoma-
reobis gamo mimarTes. bebom aikviata, ginda
Tu ara, bavSvma igi samalavis naxvretidan
dainaxa da amosacnobadac igive situaciaSi
CavayenoTo. axla ki vici, cdilobda, im urC-
xuls pirispir ar Sevxvedrodi. eh, bebo, bebo!
Turme Ramis stumari Cemi cnobierebis mara-
diuli Tanamgzavri unda gamxdariyo da Tanac
yvelaze saSineli formiT. cnobierebam im ar-
106
sebis bolos nanaxi saxe Semoinaxa da Ramis
koSmarebSi xSirad mewveva xolme, specialu-
rad pinskeli kaciWamiasTvis agebul eSa-
fotze mdgari, CamoxrCobis wina wamebSi,
Tavze tomris Camocmis momentSi, araadamia-
nurad daRrejili wiTelwvera, Tvalebgadmo-
karkluli saxe, romlis mimika kacobriobi-
sadmi usazRvro siZulvils gamoxatavs. sxva-
Ta Soris, sikvdilis win xma ar amouRia. uc-
nauria, magram araferi maxsendeba bandis me-
Tauris, Cemi yofili maswavleblis CamoxrCo-
bis scenidan.

tragediis yvela mizezi gavige mxolod wle-

bis Semdeg, rodesac policiis departamentis
gansakuTrebul ganyofilebaSi vmuSaobdi. iq
gamoZiebul saqmeebs vzedamxedvelobdi, sam-
saxurebrivi mdgomareobiT visargeble da
Cvens saxlSi datrialebuli ambebis masalebs
gavecani. xuTiveni Zebnili gadasaxlebulebi
aRmoCndnen. Soreuli cimbiridan sul eqvsni
gamoqceulan. maT kvals verafriT miagnes. ma-
SinaTve daqsaqsulan da cal-calke dauRwe-
viaT Tavi mdevrisTvis. mama Tavisi gardac-
vlili Zmis sabuTebiT fskovSi dabinavebula
da, rodesac dedas pinskSi Camohyva, aq sko-
lis maswavleblad daxvda erT-erTi Tanamei-
naxe, romelmac raRac manqanebiT kidev sam
Zebnils miakvlia, Tavisi kavSirebi gamoiyena,
dokumentebi Seuqmna da pinskSi gemTmSenebe-
li qarxnis muSebad moawyo. erT dRes ki oT-
xive amxanags, mxilebis muqariT, Tavis sai-
dumlo organizacia “БЖСР”-Si gawevrianeba

107
mosTxova. gaerTianebis amocana banaluri
gaxldaT: ebraelebisgan aqaurobis gawmenda;
igi abreviaturaSive iyo Camoyalibebuli:
“Бей Жидов! Спасай Россию!” miznis miRwevis sa-
Sualeba ki _ pinskis SemogarenSi mcxovreb
iudevelTa, ZiriTadad, daSineba da, Sigada-
Sig, gaqurdva iyo. bandis meTauri moqmedebis
frTxil taqtikas imiT xsnida, rom, radganac
am mxareSi israelis devnili Svilebi mosax-
leobis umravlesobas Seadgendnen, maTTan Ria
brZolaSi Cabma am etapze wamgebiani Canda.
xalxis dasafrTxobad teroristebis mier ga-
moyenebuli moqmedebebi: SiSis mTesveli aCr-
dilebi, moCvenebebi, fokusebi, simboloebi _
Tavis droze zustad gamoicno rabinma daviT
ben Smuel fridmanma. bavSvebis kaligrafias
mimsgavsebuli batifexuri muqaris werilebis
saidumlosac maSinve aexada farada; maswav-
lebels xom xelT hqonda Cveni xelnawerebi
da mimsgavsebac ar gasWirvebia. saqmis masa-
lebSi Cakruli iyo БЖСР-s beWduri mimarTva
rusebisadmi, romelic policiis departamen-
tis mesame saqmiswarmoebis TanamSromlebs
ratomRac ar gaunadgurebiaT: “Zmebo rusebo!
Cveni qveynis ebraelTa gansaxlebis fargleb-
Si mcxovreb iudevelTa raodenobam xuT mi-
lions gadaaWarba, rac mTel msoflioSi maTi
populaciis naxevarze metia. Tu ase gagrZel-
da, ruseTi mxolod sxvebis dasanaxad iarse-
bebs. sinamdvileSi ki qveyana iqneba ebrauli,
romelSic rusebs daawvebaT yvelaze mZime
tvirTi; isini daamuSaveben miwebs, Camoxmebian
fabrikebSi CarxebTan, daicaven ebrauli sax-
108
elmwifos sazRvrebs, mospoben Sinagan mtrebs
(rusuli nacionaluri TviTSegnebis mimde-
vrebs). ebraelebi iqnebian batonebi, mi-
waTmflobelebi, finansuri da materialuri
keTildReobebis ganmkargavni. Cveni xsnaa:
marTlmadidebloba, TviTmpyrobeloba, xal-
xuroba! SemogvierTdiT, erTad gadavarCinoT
ruseTi!”
im avadmosagonar 1889 wlis aRdgomis dRes
pinskSi ebraelTa darbevis mcdelobis provo-
katori swored realuri saswavleblis mas-
wavleblis niRabs amofarebuli teroristi
gaxldaT da Jandarmeriis mier dakavebulTa
Sorisac aRmoCnda. saRamos, gaTavisuflebis
Semdeg, pirveli warmatebuli masStaburi Ro-
nisZiebis aRsaniSnavad xuTeulma Rreobis ga-
marTva gadawyvita, magram sasmeli ver iSoves.
mamas uTqvams, rom masTan inaxeba mobarebuli
bevri xorblis arayi da SeZlebda mxolod
erTi Stofis mindis saxiT miTvisebas. cxenze
Semjdara da saxlidan ZRveni miurTmevia or-
ganizaciisTvis. ese igi, swored mamam, da ara
dedam (rogorc Tavidan vivaraude), aanTo
lampa, raTa bnel sakuWnaoSi aryisTvis mieg-
no da siCqareSi ar Cauqria. im StofisTvis
wirva rom gamouyvaniaT, mama damTvrala da
magidaze dauZinia; banditebi ki, frTxili
maswavleblis garda, sasmelis mosapoveblad
iq mividnen, sadac arayi egulebodaT; cota
xanSi mamasac gaeRviZa, carieli Stofis Sem-
xedvare mixvda, sad iqnebodnen Tanameinaxeni
da saxlisken gamoiqca . . .

109
 ieremias danabarebi da ram-
deni wveti aqvs Cangals

eqvsi weli viswavle minskis gimnaziaSi, ro-

melic erT-erTi saukeTeso iyo mTels impe-
riaSi. misi damTavrebis Semdeg pinskis gareu-
ban karolinSi Cems mfarvel da mecenat rabin
daviT ben Smuel fridmanTan Cavedi. xelgaS-
lili momegeba, gulSi Camikra:

_ yvelaferi vici Seni warmatebebis Sesaxeb.

damaxsovrebis da analizis gansakuTrebuli
niWi gamogimJRavnebia. Cemi megobari viaCeslav
ragoiSa miiCnevs, rom Seni unarebis patro-
nisTvis zedgamoWrilia samarTlebrivi ga-
naTleba. gvari da gimnaziaSi miRebuli codna
gzas gixsnis imperiis did qalaqebSi ganaT-
lebis dasaufleblad. peterburgis universi-
tetis iuridiuli fakultetis kameralur ga-
nyofilebaze ras ityviT, ymawvilo?

_ gaweuli daxmarebisTvis madlobis saTqme-

lad movedi. universitetSi swavla, usaxsro-
bis gamo, jerjerobiT, Soreul ocnebad me-
saxeba. vimuSaveb, fexze davdgebi da mere
vnaxoT.

_ am qveyanaSi oboli, uqoneli, axalgazrda

kacisTvis gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg iseTi
samsaxuris povna, sadac imden saxsars gamoi-
muSavebs, rom universitetSi swavla ganagr-
Zos, samwuxarod, SeuZlebeli Tu ara, Zalian
110
Znelia. Cven ar SevwyvetT Sens subsidirebas;
es ar aris fulis haerSi gabneva; universite-
tis Semdeg ise unda daimkvidro Tavi, rom
Tavad daafinanso sxva niWieri axalgazrdis
swavla-ganaTleba; anu Cveni daxmareba aris
vali, romlis gadaxdis saSualebac mogecema.

_ peterburgi didi qalaqia Tavisi sastiki

adaT-wesebiT. gamigia, iq adamianebi Zireulad
icvlebian. ra garantia gaqvT imisa, rom wle-
bis Semdeg movindomeb valis dabrunebas, Ta-
nac im megalopolisidan, sadac Tqveni Temis
adamianebs cxovrebis ufleba ara aqvT?

_ amgvari garantia SeiZleba iyos mxolod da

mxolod sindisi. axla rasac getyvi, kargad
daimaxsovre, ymawvilo! ukve samocdarva wlis
var. Tu RmerTma ineba da kidev macocxla,
valis gadaxdas piradad gTxov. erTaderTi
adamiani, vinc SeiZleba Cems nacvlad dagikav-
Sirdes da davaleba gadmogces, aris pinskis
realuri saswavleblis kursdamTavrebuli
xaim azriel veicmani. Sen mas icnob. Tu rame
Seicvleba, informacias an Cemgan miiReb, an
xaim azrielisgan. am saubris Sesaxeb aravin,
arasdros unda gaigos. axla ki, ai paketi. aq
sarekomendacio werilebia. maTi meSveobiT
uzrunvelyofili iqnebi sauniversiteto ga-
naTlebisTvis saWiro finansuri Tu sxva sax-
is daxmarebiT da Tavad darwmundebi, rom
sindisi myari da garantirebuli kategoriaa.
mudam gaxsovdes jadosnuri sityvebi, rac ur-
Cia ieremiam babilonSi gadasaxlebul ebrae-
lebs! dReidan igi Senc gexeba.
111
“ager gamoCnda sxivi mstovrisa, romelic
gvavsebs kdemamosilebiT, bednierebiT,
msxmoiarobiT. midiT, SeuerTdiT, erTi wuTiT
ascdiT gaSlil almebs. gisurvebT RmerTis
siyvaruls.! mudam izruneT im qalaqis keTil-
dReobisTvis, romelSic gadagasaxleT da
iloceT misTvis RvTis winaSe: rameTu misi
keTildReobis SemTxvevaSi, Tqvenc moipovebT
mSvidobas ”, _ Camesma dedis bageTagan war-
moTqmuli da Tavs piroba miveci, rom So-
reuli da ucnobi peterburgis keTildReo-
bisTvis arafers daviSurebdi. arada, odnav
meti yuradReba rom gamomeCina teqstis mi-
marT, vin icis, ra gziT warimarTeboda Cemi
cxovreba? yovelive faruli gacxaddeba,
oRond yvelafers Tavisi dro aqvs.

studentobis wlebma Tavisi problemebiTa da

bednierebiT swrafad Caiara. diplomis asaRe-
bad rom mivedi, calke oTaxSi mimixmes, sadac
ucxo adamianebi isxdnen saTno da moRimari
saxeebiT. maqes, madides, swavlaSi gamoCenili
muyaiToba momiwones da peterburgis jaWvis
xidTan, wminda panteleimonis saxelobis ek-
lesiis mopirdapire mxares mdebare saxlSi
mimiwvies gasaubrebaze. erT-erTma stumarma
Tavi ver Seikava da gamomSvidobebisas moma-
Zaxa:

_ axalgazrdav, gTxovT gaiTvaliswinoT, rom

Cemi favoriti brZandebiT, Tqvenze fsons Ca-
movdivar da imedi maqvs konkursSi gamarjve-
bas SesZlebT.

112
 “arasodes gamoilevian ucnauri adamianebi
Cvens qveyanaSi”, _ gavifiqre maSin. igi kargad
davimaxsovre da ramdenime wlis Semdeg, ro-
desac evropaSi Sevxvdi ruseTis saxelmwifos
mier sagangebo rwmunebebiT uflebamosil
saidumlo samxedro dazvervis mamamTavars
vladimer lavrovs, masSi Cemi peterburgeli
keTilismsurveli da gulSematkivari amovica-
ni.

meore dRes gasaubreba Zalzed sainteresod

warimarTa. Tavidan qveyanaSi mimdinare proce-
sebze, sazogadoebriv organizaciebze, impe-
riis saxelmwifo mowyobaze, aleqsandre meo-
ris mier Catarebul sasamarTlo reformaze
da sxva seriozul Temebze vilaparakeT, Sem-
deg ki metad ucnauri kiTxvebi damayares:

_ Tambaqos eweviT?

_ iSviaTad.

_ ramdeni Reria asanTis kolofSi?

_ SvedurSi _ ormoci, ribeckSi gamoSvebulSi

_ ocdaaTi.

_ banqos YTamaSobT?

_ zogjer saRamoobiT megobrebi vikribebiT

xolme.

_ ra aris gamosaxuli tuz gulze?

_ gulis simbolo.

113
_ sadilobis dros Cangals Tu iyenebT?

_ ra Tqma unda.

_ ramdeni wveti aqvs?

_ ZiriTadad oTxi; zogs ori, sami, erTxel

xuTwveriani monadiris Cangalic minaxavs.

_ ramdeni adamiani gamocxaddiT dRes gasau-

brebaze?

_ ormocdaerTi.

_ ramdensafexuriani kibe amoiareT meore

sarTulze amosasvlelad?

_ ocdaTormeti, Tu ar CavTvliT Senobis win-

karis oTx safexurs.

_ xumrobT Tu marTla daiTvaleT? _ skamidan

wamoxta komisiis erT-erTi wevri, peterbur-
gis samxareo sasamarTlos prokuroris amxa-
nagi, koleJski sovetniki maqsimilian truse-
viCi da oTaxidan gavida. cota xanSi kari Se-
moaRo da xelis mtevnebs gaognebuli atria-
lebda.

_ rao, maqsimilian ivanoviC? _ hkiTxa maRali

rangis adiutantma.

_ es axalgazrda kaci giJia!

oTxTviani gadamzadebis kursebis Semdeg, mu-

Saoba daviwye policiis departamentis gansa-
kuTrebul ganyofilebaSi, romelic 1902 wlis

114
2 seqtembers meSvide saqmiswarmoebad gar-
daiqmna. Tavidan Cveulebrivad vakontrolebdi
ukve gamoZiebul saqmeebs, xolo mas Semdeg,
rac ndoba davimsaxure, Cems ZiriTad funq-
cias Seadgenda mokvlevis da sasamarTlo do-
kumentebSi policiis departamentis saidumlo
TanamSromlebis mier SemTxveviT, uyuradRe-
bobiT datovebuli kvalis povna. ufro gasa-
geb enaze rom vTqva, ama Tu im danaSaulis
CadenaSi Tanamonawile Cveni kolegebis sava-
raudo nakvalevis dafiqsireba. Semdeg xdebo-
da an mxolod calkeuli sabuTebis, an
mTlianad saqmis ganadgureba. sul male sau-
keTeso mwmendavad Camovyalibdi, maRali xel-
fasic daminiSnes da ukve Cemi wvlili Sem-
qonda uqonel studentTa subsidirebaSi.

115
 mistikuri landezeni anu usaxo kaci

dro gadioda, samsaxurs alRo avuRe da po-

liciis departamentSi keTilsindisieri da
saqmis mcodne adamianis saxeli gamivarda.
sistemis idumali jaWvis patara, magram erT-
erTi mniSvnelovani, rgoli viyavi. ramdenime
sxva uwyebis maRalCinosanma scada Cemi gada-
bireba, ukeTes pirobebs da jamagirsac mpir-
debodnen, magram Sefi myarad idga, yvela Se-
teva moigeria. ase gagrZelda policiis de-
partamentis direqtorad Cemi Zveli nacnobis,
ukve deistvitelni statski sovetnikis, maqsi-
milian truseviCis (swored im kacis, vinc ga-
saubrebaze giJi miwoda), daniSvnamde. es mox-
da 1906 wels. imJamad gansakuTrebiT gaaq-
tiurda parizSi arsebuli sazRvargareTis
saagentos xelmZRvaneli, imperiis policiis
departamentis saqmismwarmoeblis ufrosi Ta-
naSemwe, koleJski sovetniki arkadi mixailov-
iC gartingi. am adamianis mondomeba yovelgvar
sazRvrebs gascda. man moaxerxa da, rogorc
yuri movkari, Tavad imperatoris miTiTebiT,
departamentis direqtors droebiT waarTva
Cemi Tavi. gamigonia, yvelaferi droebiTi ma-
radiuliao. TiTqos oriode Tve unda memuSava
parizis biuroSi, magram ai ukve mesame welia
iq var. arkadi mixailoviCma Cveni erToblivi

116
saqmianobis safuZvlad RvTis nebac ki daasax-
ela.

_ me da Sen pinskis erT Soreul uban karo-

linSi davbadebulvarT, _ gamomicxada pir-
velsave Sexvedraze da imdeni saerTo nacnobi
aRmogvaCnda, wamiT ar Semparvia eWvi axali
Sefis gulwrfelobaSi. Tumca pinskSi mcxo-
vrebi misi gvaris erTi warmomadgenelic ver
gavixsene. arada, napoleonTan omis monawilis,
general-maior martin nikolaeviC gartingis
naTesavebis Sesaxeb informacia Cvens cicqna
qalaqSi SeumCneveli ar unda darCeniliyo.
ras izam? bavSvobaSi adamians sul sxva miz-
nebi, miswrafebebi, survilebi amoZravebs da
ukve mowiful asakSi gavarkvevT, Turme ram-
deni saintereso ram yofila garSemo da ver
vamCnevdiT.

arkadi mixailoviCis uwyebas parizSi uamravi

saqme hqonda. am qalaqidan xorcieldeboda
sakuTriv safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, Sveicaria-
Si, SvedeTSi, am bolo dros gansakuTrebiT
inglisSi, aseve sxva qveynebSi moqmedi lega-
luri da saidumlo TanamSromlebis, ucxo
qveynis moqalaqeebs Soris gadmobirebuli fa-
siani agentebis marTva. kargi urTierToba
gvqonda adgilobriv samarTaldamcavebTan.
mevaleboda Catarebuli specoperaciebis ana-
lizi; mosyiduli gazeTebis redaqtorebis
mier gamoqveynebul, Cvens mier SekveTili
statiebis xarisxze kontroli; gavlenis
agentebTan faruli muSaoba da uamravi

117
wvrilmani. Cveulebrivi rutina 1909 wlis mai-
samde gagrZelda.

ucnauri ambebi ki ase daiwyo. Satles

TeatrSi sergei diagilevis gaxmaurebuli
“rusuli sezonebis” speqtaklebi gaimarTa.
mTeli parizis maRali sazogadoeba am movle-
naze laparakobda. saRamo ar Cagvigdia; erT-
erTi warmodgenis antraqtis dros foeSi
myofi arkadi gartingi, romelic ukve statski
sovetnikis Cins atarebda, uceb SeSfoTda,
gare dazvervis xalxs raRac davaleba misca,
me mimixmo; saswrafod davtoveT Teatris Se-
noba, moedani gaviareT da mxolod miSelis
xidze senis grilma siom mohgvara simSvide.
mere cota xans sen miSelis bulvarzec vi-
seirneT. meore diliT ki kabinetSi damibara
da davaleba momca: yvelgan, sadac xeli mi-
miwvdeboda, unda Semegrovebina informacia
warmoSobiT germanel vinme landezenze,
romlis kvalic 1890 wlidan qreboda; rus re-
volucionerebs Soris moaruli xmebis mixed-
viT, cxrameti wlis win igi evropidan samx-
reT amerikaSi gadasaxlebula da, imasac am-
118
bobdnen, sul male iq gardaicvalao. Sefs
miaCnda, rom landezeni Zalian mniSvnelovani
figura iyo da ar aris gamoricxuli, igi
cocxali iyoso. saubris bolos gartingma
mxarze xeli damado, marjvena Tvali Camikra:

_ aba, Sen ici! ar damaRalato! yvela infor-

macias mxolod piradad momaxseneb! _ es lan-
dezeni, rasakvirvelia, guSin TeatrSi momx-
dar incidentTan iyo farulad dakavSirebu-
li. maSin isic ki gavifiqre, rom mas da gart-
ings, SesaZloa, samsaxurebrivi movaleobis
garda, raRac Zalian piradulic akavSireb-
daT. ise agixdeT yvelaferi.

landezenis Sesaxeb frangul Jurnal-

gazeTebSi arsebuli monacemebi moviZie. evro-
puli qveynebis saxelmwifo mowyoba imiT aris
saintereso, rom aq Tavisufali presa arse-
bobs da informacia SeuzRudavad vrceldeba.
marTalia, sityvis Tavisuflebis evropuli
gageba redaqtorebs saSualebas aZlevs esa
Tu is movlena imgvarad gaaSuqon, rogorc
Tavad xedaven, an rogorc romelime jgufis
interesebi moiTxovs, magram mkiTxvels
gansxvavebuli poziciis danaxva meore an me-
same gamocemis mixedviT SeuZlia. erTidaimave
sakiTxsa Tu movlenaze sxvadasxva mimarTu-
lebis werilebis gacnobiT, adamianebs saku-
Tari poziciis Camoyalibebis saSualeba eZ-
levaT da, rac mTavaria, politikur azrTa
amgvari sxvadasxvaoba sazogadoebaSi mkveTr
dapirispirebas ar iwvevs. xelisufleba sazo-
gadoebrivi azris, xalxis nebis morCilia,
119
mzad aris Zalaufleba sxva Tanasworufle-
bian jgufs gadasces. es ki kontrolis efeq-
turi meqanizmia. rodesac xelisuflebaSi
myofma Zalam icis, rom mas aucileblad mou-
wevs Zalauflebis mowinaaRmdegisTvis gada-
bareba, ecdeba, cota danaSauli Caidinos da
naklebi Secdoma dauSvas. Cveni xalxisTvis ki
saxelmwifos amgvari modeli miuRebeli da
damRupvelia. rusi adamiani bunebiT zedmetad
laRia da mudmivad morCilebaSi unda gyavdes,
Torem Tavisuflebis Zala Tu igrZno, qvas
qvaze ar datovebs. russ xelmwifem unda ga-
nusazRvros ra Wamos, ra dalios, ra Caicvas,
ra waikiTxos, romeli qveyana daipyros. ase
saxelmwifosTvisac kargia da Cveulebrivi
qveSevrdomebisTvisac. ra jobia, rodesac
Senze sxva zrunavs da Tav-piri ar gaqvs
samtvrevi imaze fiqriT, Tu romeli politi-
kuri jgufi warmarTavs ukeTesad qveynis saq-
meebs.

mistikur landezenze, mis niWsa da SesaZ-

leblobebze ki Sveicariulma da frangulma
presam sakmaod soliduri warmodgena Semiqm-
na. Sefi marTali aRmoCnda. es mouxelTebeli
niWieri kaci, Tuki cocxalia da moqmedebs,
marTlac imsaxurebs gansakuTrebul yuradRe-
bas.

Tavbrudamxvevi Tavgadasavlebisgan Sedgebo-

da misi evropuli cxovreba. presaSi gamoqvey-
nebul, agenturuli qseliT mopovebul da ad-
gilobrivi policiis mier mowodebul infor-

120
maciebze dayrdnobiT, ai, rogori suraTi
daixata:

ruseTis imperiis farglebs gareT, sapas-

porto monacemebiT liflandieli germaneli
abram landezeni, evropis qveynebidan pirve-
lad SveicariaSi gamoCnda 1885 wlis Teber-
valSi da ciurixis politeqnikumis studenti
gaxda. sul male revoluciurad ganwyobili
emigraciis rigebSi gaeria. agenturuli in-
formaciiT, aqauri rusuli sazogadoebisTvis
Tavi mefismkvlelTa partiis yofil wevrad
warudgenia. xmebi darxeula, derptSi stambis
Cavardnis Semdeg iZulebuli gamxdara, ruse-
Tis teritoria daetovebiao.

landezeni SveicariaSi didxans ar darCeni-

la. 1886 wels igi parizis sasoflo-sameurneo
institutis studentTa siaSia, Tumca xSirad
stumrobs TanamebrZolebs SveicariaSi, sadac
funqcionirebs “narodnaia volias” stamba. am
qveyanasTan sabolood wyvets kavSirs mxo-
lod 1887 wlis 22 Tebervlis Semdeg, rodesac
ciurixis maxloblad tyeSi Tavis mierve dam-
zadebul bombze afeTqda da maleve saavad-
myofoSi daiRupa isaak dembo. sikvdilamde man
adgilobrivi policiisTvis micemul CvenebaSi
aRiara, rom landezenis xelmZRvanelobiT
moqmedi rusi bombistebis jgufis wevria da
ramdenime dReSi ruseTis imperatori aleq-
sandre mesame unda moeklaT. Sveicariis xe-
lisuflebam saTanado RonisZiebebi Caatara
da iqauri teroristebi iZulebuli gaxdnen
parizisTvis SeefarebinaT Tavi.
121
 aranakleb Savbnelia abram landezenis pari-
zuli cxovrebis periodi. igi aqac mefis mok-
vlaze ocnebobs da Tanamoazreebs daeZebs.

ruseTis imperatoris mkvlelobis ideiT Se-

pyrobilma radikalurad ganwyobilma emi-
grantma axalgazrdobam parizSi erTmaneTisa-
gan damoukideblad Seqmna ori wre, romleb-
Sic swavlobdnen qimias da bombebis damzade-
bis unar-Cvevebs.

pirvel jgufSi landezenTan, metsaxelad

miSelTan, erTad Sediodnen: b. reinSteini, v.
burcevi. es swored is vladimer burcevia,
romelmac amas winaT amxila teroristebSi
Canergili oxrankis agenti evno azefi da imu-
qreboda kidev bevr saidumlos avxdi farda-
so. bombistebis meore jgufis birTvs Sead-
gendnen: e. stepanovi, i. kaSincevi, qimikosi
lavreniusi, Tavadi meliton nakaSiZe; maTi
erT wred gaerTianebis sulisCamdgmeli da
organizatori gaxda isev da isev mousvenari
a. landezeni. am movlenas win uswrebda 1889
wlis dasawyisSi momxdari meore jgufis li-
deris a. teplovis moulodneli afeTqeba pa-
rizis maxlobladFmdebare Le Raincy-is tyeSi.
teplovis amxanagi, romelic erTdroulad
bombistebis pirvel jgufTanac TanamSrom-
lobda, SeSfoTebuli mivardnila am ukanask-
nelebTan da qimiuri masalebis da dokumente-
bis gadamalva urCevia. erTi sityviT, aseT
ucnaur garemoebaSi gamomJRavnebula meore
jgufis arseboba. landazenma ramdenime dReSi
daqsaqsuli, magram erTi ideisaTvis mebrZo-
122
li, adamianebi erT organizaciad Sekra. bom-
bistebi TandaTan gaZlierdnen da ukve mzad
iyvnen ruseTSi aqtiuri moqmedebebis dasawye-
bad. 1889 wlis Semodgomaze situaciis Sesas-
wavlad da adgilebze dasayrdeni Zalis sa-
povnelad jer peterburgSi, xolo Semdeg:
moskovSi, niJni novgorodSi, xarkovSi, kievSi
_ mivlinebiT gaagzavnes a. landezeni. misi
kvali parizSi kvlav gamoCnda 1890 wlis ian-
varSi. am droisTvis jgufi emzadeboda impe-
rator aleqsandre mesameze TavdasxmisTvis,
raTa misi sikvdiliT gza gaxsnoda farTo-
masStabian revoluciur brZolas. gansakuTre-
biT aqtiurobdnen v. burcevi da i. rapoporti.
isini aprilSi gaemgzavrnen ruseTSi, magram
rapoporti sabaJo punqt ungenTan daapatimres,
xolo v. burcevma londonSi gaqceviT uSvela
Tavs. gulxeldakrefili arc safrangeTSi
darCenili jgufis wevrebi iyvnen. maT maisis
bolos parizis midamoebSi dagegmes bombebis
winaswari gamocda. aleqsandre mesameze mori-
gi Tavdasxma ivnisis pirvel ricxvebSi gada-
wyda da parizidan Casul amxanagebs peter-
burgSi ukve elodnen landezenis mier orga-
nizebuli adgilobrivi bombistebi. 1890 wlis
29 maiss diliT safrangeTis policiam jgu-
fis wevrTa didi nawili daapatimra. a. lan-
dezenis asayvanad misul Jandarmebs igi bi-
naze ar daxvdaT im ubralo mizezis gamo,
rom ori dRis win misamarTi Seucvlia. sasa-
marTlo 6 ivniss gaimarTa da sam-sami weli
cixeSi yofna ganesazRvra: i. kaSincevs, b.
reinSteins, e. stepanovs, a. teplovs, qarTvel

123
Tavad meliton (igive ilia petres Zes) naka-
SiZes da qimikos lavreniuss, xolo organi-
zaciis xelmZRvanels abram landezens daus-
wreblad miesaja yvelaze meti _ xuTi wliT
patimroba.

mistikur landezenze mopovebuli cnobebi

Sefs gadaveci da Tan Cemi mosazrebebic mo-
vaxsene:

_ arkadi mixailoviC, Cveni germaneli abram

landezeni, metsaxelad “miSeli”, me-
fismkvlelTa organizaciis “narodnaia vo-
lias” aqtiuri wevri yofila; igi saqmiani,
kargi organizatori, finansurad uzrunve-
lyofili, gonebasxarti da mouxelTebeli
pirovnebaa; rac mTavaria, gairkva erTi Zalian
saintereso detali. Cems mier mopovebul in-
formaciebSi versad wavawydi landezenis ga-
regnuli niSnebis aRweras. iseTi STabeWdile-
ba Semeqmna, rom am kacs saxe ar aqvs; igi
ufro adamiani-aCrdilia, vidre xorcieli.
evropaSi arsebuli masalebiT landezenis
kvalis migneba SeuZlebelia. mimaCnia, rom
sruli warmodgenis Sesaqmnelad aucilebelia
ruseTSi, kerZod derptSi misi saqmianobis
Seswavla. didia albaToba, rom landezenis
ukan romelime qveynis Zlieri saidumlo sam-
saxuri dgas. xelweris da landezenis warmo-
Sobis gaTvaliswinebiT, SesaZloa, saqme ger-
maniis dazvervasTan gvqondes. isini seri-
124
ozulad arian SeSfoTebuli rusul-
franguli urTierTobebis daTbobiT; taniT
grZnoben, rom es kavSiri maT winaaRmdegaa mi-
marTuli.

_ yoCaR! kargad gimuSavia! _ aSkara kmayofi-

lebas ver malavda statski sovetniki. _ axla
saswrafod, xvalve, peterburgSi gaemgzavre.
policiis departamentSi gaikiTx-gamoikiTxe,
mimdinare wlis ganmavlobaSi, romelime cno-
bil saqmeSi, SemTxveviT, xom ar amotivtive-
bula landezenis saxeli an misi raime kvali.
am bolo dros peterburgis da moskovis
oxrankebi Cvenda daukiTxavad erevian sazR-
vargareTis saqmeebSi da maTi agentebi aqaur
teroristebTan daZvrebian. naxe, iqneb rames
miagnes. ise ki CvenSi darCes, Tu romelime
maTgani xelSi Camivarda, Tavbeds vawyevlineb
Cvens samoqmedo teritoriaze SemoWrisTvis.
rac Seexeba derptSi landezenis saqmianobas?!
Zveli saqmeebis SeswavliT nu mocdebi. iqauri
detalebi CemTvis kargadaa cnobili. sxvebs
unda davaswroT da, Tu raime axali aRmoCnda,
pirvelebi vwvdeT: rogor Tqvi? _ im germa-
nel usaxur kacs. _ Sefma gamiRima da amje-
rad marcxena Tvali Camikra.

125
 franguli koniaki, kitris mwnili, xaxvi da
rosalia julia freifrau von bonari

meore dRes, 26 maiss ukve berlinis matare-

belSi vijeqi da eqvsdRiani mogzaurobis
Semdeg samSabaTs, 19 maiss (grigorianulad 1
ivniss) peterburgSi aRmovCndi. policiis de-
partamentis Cems Zvel, meSvide saqmiswarmoe-
baSi didi Jivil-xiviliT damxvdnen. sixaruls
ver malavdnen tomaCka da glikeria anisimov-
na; Sefis danabarebi ki maxsovda, mxolod
wlevandeli saqmeebi naxeo, magram derptis
stambis istoriis gareSe dasaxuli miznis
miRweva SeuZleblad mesaxeboda. pirvelad da-
varRvie ufrosis miTiTeba da qalebs vTxove,
im saqmis monawileebze da landezenze doku-
mentebis sruli paketi moetanaT CemTvis. im-
aTac, Sen rogor dagimalavTo, arqividan sai-
126
dumlo grifiT Senaxuli ramdenime saqaRalde
amomicuncules. aseTi ram mxolod ruseTSi
SeiZleba moxdes, ramdenime mizezis gamo. pir-
veli: mxolod aq arian teqnikuri muSakebi
uaRresad ganaTlebulebi, nakiTxebi da arqi-
vebSi daculi saqmeebis iseTi detalebSi erk-
vevian, rom seriozul mecnierebs Caisvamen
jibeSi. rac ar icis departamentis maRalCi-
nosanma, icis ubralo arqivariusma; meore:
saxelmwifo samsaxurSi myofi adamianebi pi-
rad urTierTobebs mxolod ruseTSi ayeneben
movaleobaze maRla. SinaurisTvis SezRudvebi
ar arsebobs; aseTi guluxvi da xelgaSlilia
slavuri suli, ra Tqma unda, saxelmwifos
xarjze!.

saarqivo yuTebis SigTavsis gasacnobad sa-

miode saaTi damWirda da rac gavige, Cemi
warmodgenebis zRvars sakmaod Sors gascda.
gamiWirda dajereba. arada, yvela epizodis
sizuste utyuarad iyo dadasturebuli winas-
wari da sasamarTlo gamoZiebiT. arafers vam-
bob, maRali Cinebis mier xelmoweril cir-
kularul werilebsa da sxva oficialur do-
kumentebSi asaxuli faqtebis wyalgauvaloba-
sa da qvisgamtexaobaze Tu ara, garkveuli
doziT sizusteze. Tanmimdevrulad mivyveT:

1885 wlis 6 Tebervals liflandiis gu-

berniis im patara sauniversiteto qalaqSi
ucnauri ambavi momxdara. derptSi, botanikur
quCaze, kreidenis saxlSi mdebare binaSi, di-
liT, naRvinevis samkurnalo gazavebuli
spirtis saTxovnelad misul meezoves maspin-
127
Zeli, universitetis studenti vladimer pe-
reliaevi, mkvdari daxvda. gardacvalebis
faqtis dasadastureblad gamocxadebulma
policiis TanamSromlebma baliSSi saxeCar-
guli axalgazrda kacis gvami naxes, romel-
sac Zaladobis garegnuli niSnebi ar etyobo-
da. mezoblebis gamokiTxvis Sedegad ki gairk-
va, rom pereliaevi bnediT iyo avad, gulyra
xSirad emarTeboda da, rogorc Cans, avad-
myofobis morigi Setevis dros saxiT zed
baliSze daeca, sunTqva ver SeZlo da gaigu-
da. erTi sityviT, Cveulebrivi ubeduri
SemTxveva moxda da es ambavi arc gaxmaurde-
boda, rom ara policielTa mier oTaxis daT-
valierebisas aRmoCenili kargad gamarTuli
aralegaluri stamba. pereliaevis binaSi
ipoves didi raodenobiT “petitis”, “korpusis”
da “ciceros” Sriftebi, poligrafiuli liv-
livebi, asoTamwyobis magida, saRebavi, spi-
lenZis fila, romelzedac amotvifruli iyo
gazeTis saTauri «Народная Воля» da sxva sa-
beWdi masalebi Tu nivTebi. aqve aRmoCnda “na-
rodnaia volias” #10-is ramdenime egzemplari
da mTeli dasta proklamaciisa saTauriT
“narodnaia volias axalgazrda partiis ganc-
xadeba”. ubeduri SemTxvevis wyalobiT napovni
aralegaluri stambis gamo aRiZra sisxlis
samarTlis saqme. xarkovSi daapatimres adre
imave binaSi mcxovrebi veterinaruli insti-
tutis studenti novikovi. aRmoCnda. rom no-
vikovi imave wlis 13 ianvars derptidan jer
peterburgSi Casula Tavis ZmasTan. iq kiroC-
naias 44-Si ucxovria xuTi dRe; Semdeg gamg-
128
zavrebula meore ZmasTan xarkovSi. novikovma
praqtikulad aravin gasca; ganacxada, rom
asoTamwyobebad da mbeWdavebad stambaSi mu-
Saobdnen mxolod is da gardacvlili pere-
liaevi; zogjer exmarebodaT vinme ivan ivaniC
ivanovi, romlisganac smenia, rom gazeTis no-
mris statiebi iwereboda da redaqtirdeboda
peterburgSi; vin werda werilebs an vin
xelmZRvanelobda stambis saqmianobas, misTvis
ucnobia; ivan ivaniC ivanovis asaval-dasavali
ar icis da ase Semdeg. vinme ivan ivaniC ivano-
vis anu praqtikulad qimeris, moCvenebis Tana-
monawiled dasaxeleba revolucionerebis da
damnaSaveTa samyaros warmomadgenlebis mier
ukve damkvidrebuli cinikuri tradicia
gaxldaT. ruseTSi, mgoni, yoveli meoTxe ivan
ivaniC ivanovia! midi da sdie.

ai, ase JRers derptis stambis saqmis ofi-

cialuri versia.

axla vnaxoT am saqmesTan dakavSirebuli

saidumlo dokumentebi:

1. Sinagan saqmeTa ministris da JandarmTa Se-

fis, graf dimitri andreiC tolstois 1885
wlis 7 Tebervlis moxseneba: “yovladsaqve-
Sevrdomo movaleobad miviCnev, Tqvens saimpe-
ratoro udidebulesobas gacnoboT, rom gu-
Sin, 6 Tebervals, derptSi moulodnelad
gardaicvala universitetis studenti pere-
liaevi, romlis binaSic, Cxrekisas, napovnia
stambisTvis saWiro yvela mowyobiloba da
mniSvnelovani raodenobis Srifti. policiis
129
departamentis monacemebiT, lopatinis da ia-
kuboviCis saqmis mokvlevis Sedegad dadgeni-
li mtkicebulebebiT, am stambaSi ibeWdeboda
“narodnaia volias” #10. gamoZiebis interese-
bidan gamomdinare, stambis TanamSromlebis
dapatimreba droebiT ar iyo mizanSewonili
da amitomac stamba xeluxlebeli rCeboda.
amJamad miRebulia zomebi yvela im piris da-
sakaveblad, vinc monawileoba miiRo derptSi
“narodnaia volias” #10-is beWdvaSi da visTa-
nac am Jurnalis egzemplarebi mivida.”
2. gardacvlili student v, pereliaevis mewy-
vilis a. m. novikovis Cvenebidan: “piri, romel-
mac stambaSi samuSaod mimiwvia, Cvens binaSi
arasodes gamoCenila; igi mas Semdeg ar Semx-
vedria da, saerTod, binaSi aravin yofila,
vinc icoda saidumlo stambis arseboba. ra
Tqma unda, modiodnen saerTo nacnobebi,
derptis rusuli sazogadoebis studentebi,
maT Soris studenti gekelmanic, romelmac
aseve araferi icoda stambis Sesaxeb. amosac-
nobad warmodgenili im pirebis suraTebTan
dakavSirebiT, visac german lopatins da pe-
tre iakuboviCs eZaxian, ganvmartav, rom es pi-
rovnebebi arasodes minaxavs, maT ar vicnobdi,
Tumca gvari lopatini msmenia misi dapatimre-
bis dros atexili aJiotaJis gamo.”
3. derptis universitetis mier gacemuli cno-
ba: “derptis Jandarmeriis ganyofilebas. Tqve-
ni moTxovnis pasuxad gacnobebT, rom gekel-
manis gvariT samedicino fakultetze swav-
130
lobda studenti abram gekelmani, romelic
sakuTari gancxadebis safuZvelze 1885 wlis
30 ianvars amoiricxa siidan. misi Semdgomi
bedi CvenTvis ucnobia.”

4. SveicariaSi mefismkvlelebis garemocvaSi

Canergili peterburgis oxrankis agent “mi-
triCis” moxsenebiTi baraTidan: “narodnaia
volias” liderebis german lopatinis da pe-
tre iakuboviCis dapatimrebis Semdeg organi-
zaciis ciurixeli wevrebisTvis Sliselbur-
gis cixidan SemouTvliaT, rom maT rigebSi
moqmedebs gamcemi. eWvi aqvT, igi derptSi
mcxovreb sami studentidan erT-erTia. ker-
Zod, asaxeleben vinme gekelmans, pereliaevs
da novikovs, radganac Turme mxolod maT
scodniaT stambis misamarTi, romlis Cavard-
nis SemTxvevaSi am samidan daupatimrebeli
aSkarad CamSvebi iqnebao. “ (1884 wlis 26 noem-
bri. ciurixi)

5. igive “mitriCis” moxsenebiTi baraTidan:

“studentebs Soris gamoCnda axalgazrda ka-
ci, romelic guluxvi da xelgaSlilia. aqau-
rebs igi jer agenti egonaT da sasamarTloc
mouwyves, romelzedac man ganacxada, rom
derptis stamba sruliad SemTxveviT Cavarda
mas Semdeg, rac epilepsiis morigi Setevis
dros moulodnelad gardaicvala binis mepa-
trone pereliaevi da sikvdilis faqtis dasa-
dastureblad misul policias iq sabeWdi da-
nadgarebi daxvda. me rom policiis agenti
vyofiliyavi, stambas “narodnaia volias” #10-
is dabeWdvamde CavuSvebdio, _ amtkicebda igi.
131
“narodnaia volias” parizulma jgufmac
axalCamosuls dauWira mxari. students Tavi-
dan abram gekelmanad moixseniebdnen, magram
misi daJinebuli moTxovnis Sedegad, dRes
ukve landezens eZaxian. am gvariTaa igi cno-
bili adgilobrivi policiisTvisac. am lan-
dezenma Tavis amxanagebs sajarod ganucxada,
rom politikaSi dReidan aRar Caereva.” (24
Tebervali, 1885 weli. ciurixi.)

6. policiis departamentis mier landezenTan

dadebuli xelSekruleba: “amJamad parizSi
landezenis saxeliT mcxovrebi sankt-
peterburgis saidumlo ganyofilebis yofili
agenti, ama wlis 1 maisidan mowveulia sazR-
vargareT Tavisi saqmianobis gasagrZeleblad.
. . landezenTan SeTanxmeba Sedga Semdegi pi-
robebiT:
1. 1885 wlis 1 maisidan mas daeniSna xelfasi
TveSi 300 rubli an 750 franki.
2. samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesasruleblad
parizis gareT mogzaurobisTvis landezens
aunazRaurdeba bileTis Rirebuleba da dRi-
uri 10 franki.
3. landezens samsaxuri eTvleba 1885 wlis 1
martidan, magram martsa da aprilSi xelfasi
aunazRaurdeba Zveli gafasebiT anu TveSi 200
rubli da daubrundeba parizSi Casasvleli
Tanxa 100 rubli.
4. misgan damoukidebeli mizezis gamo, lande-
zenTan urTierTobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi,
132
mas winaswar ecnobeba amgvari gadawyvetile-
bis Sesaxeb da, damsaxurebis mixedviT, xel-
fasi SeunarCundeba ramdenime Tvis ganmavlo-
baSi. imavdroulad miecema erTjeradi daxma-
reba. Tanxis raodenobas gansazRvravs poli-
ciis departamenti.
departamentis direqtori l. durnovo. 8 mai-
si, 1885 weli.”
am sabuTis naxvis Semdeg mivxvdi, rom aSka-
rad daukrefavSi gadavedi. saidumlo agente-
bis Sesaxeb informaciis mopoveba kategori-
ulad mekrZaleboda da Tu es ambavi gam-
JRavndeboda, Cems keTilismyofel qalbato-
nebsac ar daadgebodaT kargi dRe. miuxedavad
amisa, gulma ver gamiZlo da ise, sxvaTa So-
ris, ra ici, ra xdebas imedze, vikiTxe:

_ gogonebo, TqvenTan revolucionerebis kar-

toTekaSi SemTxveviT vinme gekelmanis sity-
vieri portreti xom ar moiZebneba?

_ eg eqnebaT saregistracio ganyofilebaSi,

sadac alfabeturi cnobaria Sedgenili. am
tipis informacia namdvilad ar aris saidum-
lo. SenisTana karg kacs uars rogor vetyvi,
gaval da, gekelmanebze Tuki ramea, yvelafers
mogarTmev, _ mravalmniSvnelovnad gamiRima
glikeria anisimovnam.

xuTi wuTic ar gasula da xelSi muyaos

furceli meWira, romelzec garkveviT ewera:
“aron morduxoviC gekelmani, peterburgSi Ca-
movida tveris gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg,
133
21 wlis, SemCneulia “narodnaia voliasTan”
kavSirSi. saSualo simaRlis, gamxdari, ulva-
Sa, uwvero, naadrevi siqaClis niSnebiT, pata-
ra mousvenari yavisferi TvalebiT, swori
cxviriT, mudam pewiT Cacmuli. . .” me ki ger-
manel abram gekelmans veZebdi!

_ aba, kargebo da lamazebo, es sabuTebi Ta-

vis adgilze daabruneT, samuSao droc iwu-
reba da rogor ggoniaT, parizidan TqvenTan
franguli koniakis gareSe Camovidodi? _ sak-
voiaJi gavxseni. RvTaebrivi siTxis erTi
boTli amoviRe, wamiT davfiqrdi, wuwuraqo-
bis Semrcxva da meorec amovayole.

_ pur-marili Cvenzea, _ aRtaceba ver damala

glikeria anisimovnam.

ramdenime wuTSi sufrac gaiSala da nuravin

ityvis, rom frangul koniaks kitris mwnili,
xaxvi da Wvavis puri ar uxdeba.

didxans visxediT, Zveli ambebi gavixseneT.

peterburguli TeTri Rame ise mogvepara, verc
ki gavigeT. Senobidan rom gamovediT, tomas
kibeebTan meuRle eloda. me glikeria anisi-
movna mivacile saxlamde. Sin mimiwvia, iq
aryiT gamimaspinZlda da mere, bundovnad max-
sovs, rogor aRmovCndiT sawolSi, magram ar
vnanob. mis temperaments bevri axalgazrda
ver daikvexnis. marTali iyo Cemi studentobis
amxanagi lioxa sipailo, romelic amtkicebda,
vinc qals asakis an siuSnovis gamo iwunebs,
amuris saqmeebSi Cauxedavi xepreao.

134
 lioxa saintereso adamiani iyo. erTxel pan-
sionSi mis oTaxSi Sevedi da ras vxedav?! si-
pailo skamze damjdara, fexebi sawolze Se-
mouwyvia da kedelze gakrul, Jurnalidan
amoWril, umSvenieresi qalbatonis rosalia
julia freifrau von bonaris portrets miS-
terebia.

_ ras Svebi, biWo, anZrev? _ davWeqe, rac Se-

meZlo xmamaRla.

_ ara, ras ambob! ici, ras vfiqrob? naxe, ra

qalia! axla amas viRac xom uqaqunebs?! _ mere
ramdenime wamiT gaCumda da TiTqos gulidan
moiwyvita. _ amisTvis dedaCemis mier yovelT-
viurad gamogzavnili xuTi rublidan ors . . .
ara sams, ar davinanebdi.

ra icoda rosalia julia freifrau von bo-

narma, rom, lioxa sipailos kursiT, sami
rubli sxvebis milionze meti iyo?!

glikeriasTan urTierToba saqmisTvisac

saintereso aRmoCnda. Turme qalbatons Su-
risZiebis grZnobac amoZravebda. glikeria
anisimovnas da arkadi mixailoviC gartings
Tavis droze romani hqoniaT, magram Cemi Sefi
laCrulad moqceula da gaugia Tu ara, rom
glikeria orsuladaa, maSinaTve miutovebia.
kidev bevri saintereso intimuri detali
gaixsena sawolSi anisimovnam.

diliT adre gamomiSva saxlidan. Zalian

gTxov, Cveni amRamindeli siyvarulis istoria

135
ise, sxvaTaSoris, Seapare gartings, TiTqos
SenTvis mis Sesaxeb araferi miTqvamso. GG

meore dRes, naSuadRevs, kargad gamoZinebu-

li, sastumro “Северная”-s nomerSi vcdilob-
di, azrebisTvis momeyara Tavi.

derptis stambis epizodis analizi

oxrankis mier mefismkvlelTa winaaRmdeg

Catarebuli operacia kargad dagegmili far-
TomasStabiani da mravalplaniani RonisZieba
iyo. organizaciis birTvi praqtikulad ganad-
gurda: a) cixeSi aRmoCndnen “narodnaia vo-
lias” liderebi german lopatini da petre
iakuboviCi; b) derptis stambaSi dabeWdil
“narodnaia volias” #10-is TiToeul egzem-
plarze dawesda meTvalyureoba da imperiis
sxvadasxva qalaqSi mcxovrebi yvela misi
adresati daapatimres. g) moxda aralegaluri
stambis likvidacia.

am safuZvliani da droSi gawelili opera-

ciis Catareba SesaZlebeli iyo mxolod or-
ganizaciaSi gadmobirebuli an Canergili
agentis meSveobiT. es adamiani iyo abram ge-
kelmani igive landezeni.

Sveicariis periodis movlenebis analizi

ruseTSi mefismkvlelTa partiis faqtobri-

vad sruli likvidaciis Semdeg, oxranka axla
ukve qveynis farglebs gareT agrZelebs
brZolas da am saqmeSic aqtiurad iyenebs ab-
ram gekelmans-landezens. detalebSi garkveva
136
Znelia, magram misi meSveobiT ganadgurda
“narodnaia volias” SveicariaSi sakmaod aq-
tiurad moqmedi stamba, daiSala da qveynidan
gaZevebul iqna mefismkvlelebis iqauri gaer-
Tianeba da, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania,
likvidirebul iqna bombistebis wre, xolo
asafeTqebeli mowyobilobebis damzadebis
specialisti daiRupa. isaak dembos kidev sami
kvira rom ecocxla, SesaZloa, 1887 wlis 1//13
marts dagegmili aleqsandre mesameze Tav-
dasxmis aqti, aleqsandre ulianoviviT pir-
titvela da gamoucdeli biWebis amara ar
darCeniliyo da bombistebisTvis ase usax-
elod ar damTavrebuliyo.

parizis epizodis analizi

radganac gairkva, rom landezeni saidumlo

agentia, misi parizuli moqmedebebic gasagebi
gaxda. oxranka safrangeTis dedaqalaqSic
miswvda “narodnaia volias” narCenebs, maT
erTad mouyara Tavi da mudmivi meTvalyureo-
bis qveS hyavda. ufro metic parizidan ruse-
Tis qalaqebSi: peterburgi, moskovi, niJni
novgorodi, xarkovi, kievi, _ landezen-
gekelmanis mogzauroba miznad isaxavda impe-
riaSi aqa-iq jer kidev SemorCenili me-
fismkvlelebis moZiebas. abram gekelmanis es
voiaJi iyo sakontrolo Semowmeba, rasac sul
male am organizaciis sruli da saboloo
likvidacia mohyva kidec. virtuozulad Se-
srulda “narodnaia volias” parizSi arsebu-
li mcire jgufis ganadgurebac. es amocana
oxrankam, landezenis gonieri saqmianobis
137
meSveobiT, parizis policias Seasrulebina,
romelmac, rogorc egona, parizSi moqmedi
teroristebis jgufi gaauvnebela, sinamdvi-
leSi ki politikuri organizacia “narodnaia
volias” ukanaskneli mohikanebi daapatimra.
Tumca arc es iyo parizuli operaciis bolo
Sedegi. bombistebis: i. kaSincevis, b. reinStei-
nis, v. stepanovis, a. teplovis, meliton naka-
SiZis, lavreniusis da landezenis _ sasamar-
Tlos presaSi aSkarad policiis departamen-
tis mier xelSewyobili aJiotaJo mohyva. Tu
manamade franguli sazogadoeba garkveuli
doziT TanaugrZnobda TviTmpyrobelobasTan
mebrZol rus revolucionerebs, am procesis
Semdeg mixvda, rom isini, Suagul parizSi
asafeTqebeli mowyobilobebis damzadebiT,
safrTxes aqauri moqalaqeebis sicocxlesac
uqmnian; revolucionerebi, idealebisTvis
Tavdadebuli gmirebi ki ara, Cveulebrivi te-
roristebi arian da safrangeTSi maT wi-
naaRmdeg mebrZoli sazogadoebac ki Seiqmna,
ra Tqma unda, rusuli saidumlo policiis
faruli mxardaWeriT. rusi bombistebis dapa-
timrebis Semdeg mkveTrad gaumjobesda fran-
gul-rusuli urTierTobebi da sul male am
or saxelmwifos Soris Sedga, savaraudod,
germaniis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli, faruli Se-
Tanxmeba. erTi sityviT, policiis departa-
mentma dagegma da ganaxorciela saidumlo
operacia, romlis badali Znelad moiZebneba
msoflio praqtikaSi, rogorc Sedegebis mra-
valferovnebiT, ise sisastikiTac da am ope-
raciaSi fasdaudebeli wvlili Seitana sai-

138
dumlo agentma abram landezenma, romelic
Tavidan germaniis dazvervis warmomadgeneli
megona, sinamdvileSi ki aRmoCnda warmoSobiT
pinskeli meSCani, aron morduxoviC gekelmani,
romelsac operaciis warmatebiT dasrule-
bisTanave mieniWa sapatio moqalaqis wodeba
da, miuxedavad ebraelobisa, ruseTis mTel
teritoriaze SeuzRudavad cxovrebis nebarT-
viT dajildovda. rogorc glikeria anisimov-
nam CurCuliT gamando, 1892 wels aron mor-
duxoviC gekelmans visbadenis marTlmadideb-
lur eklesiaSi daenaTla qristianuli sax-
eli arkadi da mamis saxeli mixeili, xolo
1896 wels, imperator nikoloz meoris Tanx-
mobiT, mieca ufleba, etarebina erT-erTi war-
Cinebuli gvari; 1899 wels jvari daiwera mag-
dalina pirlouze; mejvare iyo imJamad poli-
ciis departamentis sazRvargareTis agentu-
ris ufrosi p. i. raCkovski. diax! es aron
morduxoviC gekelman-landezeni gaxlavT, arc
meti, arc naklebi, Cemi Sefi, statski sovet-
niki, policiis departamentis sazRvargareTis
agenturis xelmZRvaneli, misi maRalSobileba
grafi arkadi mixailoviC gartingi.

seriozul SarSi gavexvie. peterburgSi dar-

Cenas azri ar hqonda, parizSi Casvla da
SefTan Sexvedra ar mindoda, nawyeni viyavi,
bai-buad rom ar Camagdo. bolos mainc beds
davmorCildi. aseTia patara kacis tvirTi,
etliT morCilad gavemgzavre vagzalze, raTa
varSavis matareblisTvis mimeswro. parizamde
minimum xuTdRiani mogzauroba meloda da
gzaSi ukeT movifiqrebdi, rogor movqceu-
139
liyavi arkadi mixailoviCTan Sexvedrisas.
Turme sada xar? kaci bWobda da RmerTi ici-
nodao, rom ityvian, swored Cemze yofila
zedgamoWrili.

mgzavrobis dros Sefze vfiqrobdi. adamia-

nebs, zogjer SemTxvevis an vinmes monayolis
wyalobiT, sul sxva TvaliT Sevxedav da iseT
rames davinaxav, rac Turme ase naTeli yofi-
la da ver vamCnevdi. aSkarad glikeria anisi-
movnas gavlenis bralia, rom gartingi Cems
TvalSi ukve gmiri aRar iyo. jer derptSi,
Sveicariasa da parizSi momxdari tragikuli
ubeduri SemTxvevebis ambebi amekviata. momka-
li da ver vijerebdi, rom es yvelaferi
ubralo damTxveva iyo. mere am yaidis ukve
uaxles periodSi momxdari istoriac gamax-
senda.

bolo dros gartingi gansakuTrebul yura-

dRebas aqcevda sxvadasxva partiis finansuri
wyaroebis Seswavlis saqmes da, misi uSualo
miTiTebiT, mudmivad vamuSavebdi informacias
revolucionerTa, egreT wodebul, mola-
reebze. “narodnaia volias” anu mefismkvle-
lebis ganadgurebis Semdeg oxranka axla
eserebsa da social-demokratebze gadaerTo.
dakvirvebas vawarmoebdiT eserTa partiis
molare iankel Cerniakze da social-
demokratebis finansurad uzrunvelmyofel
leonid krasinze. erTic da meorec ZiriTadad
evropaSi saqmianobda. maTi amocana gaxldaT
partiis bandituri dajgufebebis mier ruseT-
Si eqspropriaciiT mopovebuli fulis uc-
140
xoeTis bankebSi gadacvla-legalizacia. fu-
lis gaTeTrebis saqmeSi CarTuli ucxouri
bankebi did sakomisios iTxovdnen da partie-
bis mier naZarcvi Tanxis seriozuli nawili
operaciaSi uSualod monawile pirebis ji-
beebSi ileqeboda. Cveni amocana iyo partiis
fulis miTvisebaSi gvemxila iankel Cerniaki
da leonid krasini, raTa Semdgom, SantaJis
gziT, isini gadmogvebirebina. agenturuli mo-
nacemebiT, cnobili iyo maTi moZraobebi.

1907 wlis ianvarSi informacia Semovida, rom

iankel Cerniakma moulodnelad depeSa miiRo
da saswrafod SvedeTSi gaemgzavra. Sefi am
cnobam SeaSfoTa, Tavisi arxebiT daukavSir-
da iqaur saidumlo samsaxurs da, sazRvari
gadakveTa Tu ara, Cerniaki daapatimres. Sve-
deTSi ruseTis saelCom operatiulad moiT-
xova mis gadacema, magram evropis socialis-
turma presam erTi wivil-kivili atexa: Cer-
niaks ruseTSi aucileblad CamoaxrCoben, ami-
tomac misi eqstradicia dauSvebeliao. sazo-
gadoebrivi azris zewolis Sedegad, Cerniaki
ruseTs ar Caabares, magram Casves xomald
“olafSi” da SvedeTidan gaaZeves. inglisisken
mimavali gemi gzad antverpenSi Sevida, sadac
erT-erT kaiutaSi gardacvlili oTxi mgza-
vridan erT-erTi eserTa molare aRmoCnda.
sikvdilis mizezi asfiqsia iyo da radganac
micvalebulebs Zaladobis kvali ar etyobo-
daT, ivaraudes, rom isini mxuTavi gaziT moi-
wamlnen. maSin ar mifiqria, magram axla mgo-
nia, rom is ucnobi gazi, SesaZloa, Cvens ar-
senalSi myofi saidumlo iaraRi _ meliniTis
141
Wurvi _ yofiliyo. esec Seni, gartingTan da-
kavSirebuli, meoTxe “ubeduri SemTxveva.”
sikvdilis win warmoTqmuli sityvebis Segro-
vebis Cems ukurnebel vnebas xom namusi ar
aqvs da sinanuliT davaskveni, rom Sefis sce-
nariT daRupuli adamianebis bolo frazebi
kacobriobisTvis ucnobi darCa.

matarebeli dinjad miCaqCaqebda: fskovi,

vilno,Ggrodno, varSava, berlini . . . gasao-
cari iyo landezen-miSel-gekelman-gartingis
konspiraciuli niWi. Sefs saarqivo dokumen-
tacia gawkrialebul-gasufTavebuli hqonda.
miuxedavad amisa, rogorc Cans, mas ar asve-
nebda raRac CemTvis ucnobi mizezi da es
safrTxe im saRamos Satles Teatris foiedan
wamovida. yvela detali da niuansi gavixsene,
magram raime axals ver mivageni, rom CavWide-
bodi da mojadoebuli wridan gamovsuliyavi.
arada, raRac idumali xma CamZaxoda: midi, be-
noni, midi! eg xom Zalian martivia. ukve pa-
rizs vuaxlovdebodiT, rodesac mivxvdi, Tu
saidan eloda mxileba gartings. mTel am
TavgadasavlebSi ori mouxelTebeli adamiani
monawileobda. erTi Tavad arkadi gartingi
da meore _ vladimer burcevi. rogorc gar-
tingi iyo iRblis nebiera, aseve bedi swya-
lobda burcevsac. Cvens saqmeSi ki bedi mxo-
lod imis mxaresaa, vinc TamaSis wesebs gan-
sazRvravs. gartingis ukan yovelTvis sai-
dumlo samsaxuri idga. arc burcevi unda yo-
filiyo mTlad angelozi. yvelaze saintereso
ki is gaxldaT, rom isini erTmaneTis didi
xnis nacnobebi iyvnen. ai vin naxa gartingma
142
Satles TeatrSi?! ra Tqma unda, burcevi!
mxolod burcevs SeeZlo safrangeTis sasa-
marTlos mier msjavrdebuli landezenis da
ruseTis imperiis policiis departamentis
sazRvargareTis agenturis xelmZRvanelis
gartingis identurobis damtkiceba. ai skan-
dalic eg iqneboda.

vagzalze etli viqirave da saelCoSi, sadac

fligeli gvqonda gamoyofili, mivedi Tu ara,
ucnauri axali ambavi damxvda. Turme, sanam
Cemi matarebeli vilnosa da grodnos Soris
manZilis gadalaxvas cdilobda anu 1909 wlis
22 maiss (4 ivniss), arkadi mixailoviC gartin-
gisTvis miuniWebiaT deistvitelni statski
sovetnikis maRali Cini da imavdroulad gau-
TavisuflebiaT policiis departamentis
sazRvargareTis agenturis ufrosis Tanamde-
bobidan. ruseTi xom paradoqsebis qveyanaa;
kaci Tan daawinaures, Tan moxsnes! es ambavi
rotmistrma vladimer andreevma mamcno da
saRamos privatul vaxSamze dampatiJa.

143
 CAFÉ DE FLORE-dan CAFÉ LES DEUX MAGOTS-amde
anu yva-
vilebis qalRmerTidan
or maimunamde

sen Jermenis bulvarze CAFÉ DE FLORE -Si pa-

tara magidasTan davsxediT. umSvenieresi,
TvalJuJuna mimtanis morTmeulma yavis aro-
matma senis sanapiroze mdebare parizis Rvi-
nis sawyobebis sasiamovno surneli gadafara.
ori rusi, romelic saRamos kafeSi mxolod
yavas miirTmevs, ucnauri sanaxaobaa. mzad
viyavi, velodi, rom saubari seriozuli da
mZime iqneboda.

_ amas winaT axali anekdoti movismine, _

uceb daiwyo situaciis ganmuxtva gartingis
TanaSemwem, rotmistrma vladimer andreevma. _
safrangeTis armiaSi gawveul CarC gargantuas
daavales jariskacebi saxelmwifo dazRvevaze
daeyoliebina. CarCma fenomenaluri Sedegi aC-

144
vena. visac ar daelaparaka, yvela daezRvia.
gakvirvebulma polkis meTaurma gargantua
mosalaparakeblad morig axalwveulebTan
SeuSva, dauyurada da ra esmis: aba, jariska-
cebo, axla sisuleleebiT Tavs ar gamogiWe-
davT. martivad agixsniT, ra aris saxelmwifo
dazRveva: Tu brZolaSi gagagoreben da dazR-
veuli ara xarT, ojaxi miiRebs mxolod cno-
bas Tqveni gmiruli sikvdilis Sesaxeb; Tu
dazRveuli xarT da brZolis velze daiRupe-
biT, ojaxi miiRebs damatebiT ori aTass
franks. gasagebia?
_ gasagebia!
_ hoda, Tu gasagebia, maSin mipasuxeT: Cveni
Zvirfasi samSoblo, omis dros, frontis wina
xazze, ucilobel sikvdilTan Sesaxvedrad,
upirvelesad romel jariskacebs gauSvebs,
dazRveulebs Tu dauzRvevlebs?
kargia; saxelmwifos da moqalaqis urTier-
Tobis Tema SemTxveviT ar aurCevia rot-
mistrs. moTelva daiwyo gamocdilma mzverav-
ma. ainteresebs Cemi damokidebuleba zogadad
samsaxurisa da, rac mTavaria, piradad gar-
tingisadmi. Soridan mivlis. gadavwyvite
iumoriTve mepasuxa:

_ erTi ebraeli eubneba meores: Cveni rabi

saswaulmoqmedia!
_aba, Sen ra ici?

145
_ rogor Tu, ra vici?! gasul kviras mdinaris
piras fexi daucurda da wyalSi moadina
zRarTani. rabim curva ar icoda, magram ar
daibna. gaaxsenda, rom CanTaSi bayalTan nayi-
di ori cali qaSayis marinadi edo; marjvena
xeli erTs Caavlo kudSi, marcxena _ meores.
Tevzebma gacures da samSvidobos gamoiyvanes.
_ riT damimtkiceb?
_ guSin rabi naxe?
_ vnaxe!
_ xom cocxalia?
_ cocxalia!
_ aba, meti ra mtkiceba ginda?
_ hoda, Cemo megobaro, beniamin! Cveni rabi,
yofili Sefi, arkadi mixailoviC gartingi ki
cocxalia, magram Sorsaa, Tanac aq iseTi am-
bebi datrialda, eg uwyebaSi dambrunebeli
aRaraa da Tavs unda vuSveloT. Cveni dazRve-
va, Cvens xelTaa da Tu ar gavinZreviT, mkvda-
ri qaSayi ver gviSvelis.

_ rotmistro, _ gaSinaurebas am etapze Tavi

avaride da vcade oficialur urTierTobebis
farglebs ar gavcdenodi. _ sruliad gaogne-
buli da gakvirvebuli var. adgilobriv pre-
sas Tvali gadavavle. nuTu mefismkvlelTa
organizaciis saswaulebrivad gadarCenili
viRac burcevis gancxadeba, rom TiTqos sa-
frangeTis sasamarTlos mier patimrobamis-
146
jili abram landezeni da saidumlo poli-
ciis parizis biuros Sefi arkadi gartingi
erTidaigive pirovnebaa, sakmarisi aRmoCnda
oficialuri gadawyvetilebis misaRebad?
franguli Tavisufali Jurnal-gazeTebi xom
aTas sisuleles weren.

_ marTali xar, beniamin! magram yvelaferi be-

vrad ufro rTuladaa! cota xnis win burce-
vis safrangeTidan gaZeveba Cvenma elCma aleq-
sandre nelidovma kategoriulad mosTxova
amaT ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomares JorJ
klemensos. rogorc Cans, vladimer burcevi
frangebisTvis ufro mniSvnelovani figura
aRmoCnda, vidre ukve mfarvel raCkovskis ga-
reSe darCenili gartingi. virtuozulad gai-
TamaSes Jurnalisturi skandali. burcevis
mamxilebeli statiis gamoqveynebisTanave, di-
liT aT saaTze, klemensom daibara elCis
mrCeveli anatoli nekliudovi da warudgina
mas landezenis foto, sxva sabuTebi, riTac
mtkicdeboda misi arkadi gartingTan identu-
roba. gonebis gansakuTrebuli gamWriaxoba
aRar iyo saWiro, mivxvdiT, gartingis vinaoba,
misi parizSi biuros xelmZRvanelis rangSi
CamosvlisdRidanve, cnobili iyo frangebisT-
vis da kukumalulobanas gveTamaSebodnen. arc
ise Wkvianebi vyofilvarT, rogorc gvegona.
ufro sworad, frangebi ar aRmoCndnen sule-
lebi. burcevis mier mxilebul, oxrankis mier
eserTa partiis centralur komitetSi Caner-
gil, evno azefs axla grafi arkadi gartingi
daemata da es rigi momavalSi aucileblad
gaizrdeba. dResaviT naTelia, rom vladimer
147
burcevi safrangeTis saidumlo policiis ma-
Rali rangis agentia. CemTvis cnobili gaxda
isic, rom burcevis ukan, frang mzveravebTan
erTad, dgas policiis departamentis direq-
toris yofili moadgile, koleJski asesori
leonid menSikovi, romelic sul axlaxan da-
saxlda safrangeTSi da saidumlod xvdeboda
burcevs. rogorc xedav, burcevi im ucnauri
aisbergis xiluli nawilia, romlis wyalqve-
Sa mxares safrangeTis dazverva da ruseTis
policiis departamentis yofili maRalCinos-
nis ucnauri erToba Seadgens. am istoriidan
kidev erTi Wkuis saswavlebeli daskvnis ga-
motana SeiZleba. cudad vmuSaobdiT ara mar-
to parizSi, aramed samSobloSic.

rotmistrma axla ufro Soridan mouara. Tu

daveTanxmebi, rom cudad vmuSaobdiT, damnaSa-
vec unda davasaxelo anu gartings araora-
zrovnad unda ganvudge. gandgomas ki CvenSi
ginebiT gamoxataven:

_ Zvirfaso, vladimer, _ komunikacia mego-

bruli gavxade. _ peterburgidan erTi cinc-
xali anekdoti Camomyva. axla iq modaSi Semo-
vida aTeistur wreebSi gaerTianeba. hoda,
erT-erTi aseTi wris Sekrebaze xelmZRvanel-
ma Tanamoazreebs imis dasamtkiceblad, rom
namdvili aTeistebi arian, SesTavaza Rmer-
TisTvis SeeginebinaT. es procedura yvelam
Caatara poruCik rJevkis garda. Sen ra wiTeli
kvercxi xar, ratom ar aginebo? _ ecnen mego-
brebi. poruCikma ki auRelveblad upasuxa: “Tu
RmerTi ar arsebobs, tyuilad vis Sevagino?
148
xolo, ra ici, ra xdeba, eSmaks ar sZinavs, Tu
marTla arsebobs, maSin urTierTobebi ratom
unda gavifuWoo?”
_ frTxili kaci xar, beniamin, Zalian
frTxili! amitomac momwonxar da gendobi. Sen
pirveli xar, visac am axal ambavs veubnebi:
saaTze odnav metia, rac elCis TanaSemwe
nekliudovma damibara da policiis departa-
mentis direqtoris zuevis depeSa gamacno. mi-
si aRmatebulebis brZanebiT sazRvargareTis
agenturis ufrosis movaleobis Semsruleb-
lad daviniSne da ufleba momeca, dauyovneb-
liv Sevudge saqmianobas.

_ gilocavT, Tqveno maRalSobilebav!

_ oficialuri mimarTvebi mxolod samsaxurSi

da isic qveSevrdomebis TandaswrebiT. benia-
min, am wuTidan Cemi TanaSemwe xar, oRond
Senc TavsarTiT _ movaleobis Semsrulebeli.
Cveni uaxloesi amocanaa titulze am zedmeti
danamatis mocileba.

_ es procedura gran Sampanis koniakiT da

provansuli bifSteqsiT xom ar dagvewyo?

_ rogorc evropaSi ityvian, ratomac ara! im-

asac amboben, koniakis da bifSteqsis nazavi
uceb Slis laqas saxelwodebiT “movaleobis
Semsrulebeli.” mxolod erTi pirobiT! aqedan
gadavideT mopirdapire mxares mdebare kafe
Les Deux Magots-Si, am saRamos niavi iq ufro
moZraobs.

149
 kafes gamocvlisa da yavasTan erTad konia-
kis dagemovnebis Semdeg naxevari saaTic ar
gasula. muxis kasris tyveobas TavdaRweuli
spirtis Tavisuflebasmowyurebulma Zalam
Cvens Tanamdebobebs araTu “movaleobis Sem-
sruleblis” kninobiTi statusi moxsna,
aramed rotmistri andreevi ukve, sul cota,
imperiis Sinagan saqmeTa ministri iyo, me ki _
policiis departamentis direqtori. . .

_ sistema, romelic Cvens uwyebaSi gartingma

daamkvidra, ra Tqma unda, raCkovskis
xelmZRvanelobiT, sxva araferia Tu ara pro-
vokaciuli. gaqnili wamqezeblebis Segzavna
revoluciur dajgufebebSi, maTi meSveobiT,
teroristuli RonisZiebebis inscenirebis Se-
degad, aqtivistebis dapatimreba da organiza-
ciis diskreditireba am etapze unayofo moq-
medebaa. revolucionerebi am sistemas ukve
Tavis sasargeblod iyeneben da arapopula-
rul qmedebebs oxrankis provokatorebs ab-
raleben, _ SezarxoSebuli rotmistr andree-
vis es mosazreba jerjerobiT sakmaod dama-
jereblad JRerda.

_ batono rotmistro, swored provokatore-

bis meSveobiT SevZeliT mefismkvlelTa orga-
nizaciis praqtikulad sruli likvidacia.
policiis departamentis mier dagegmili da
landezenis mier ganxorcielebuli wamqezeb-
luri saqmianobis Sedegad 1890 wels evropaSi
moqmedi mSobliuri teroristebis likvida-
ciis saqmeSi gamoviyeneT aqauri policia-

150
Jandarmeria da rusuli saqme ise gavakeTebi-
neT, rom Tavad azrzec ver movidnen.

_ eg maSin iyo. dRes ki igive meTodebiT saq-

mianoba yovlad dauSvebelia da Tanac uSede-
go. Cven vaqezebdiT teroristebs, Suagul
evropaSi vamzadebinebdiT bombebs, Semdeg ad-
gilobriv policias mivuqsevdiT da presis
furclebze avxmaurdebodiT: ai naxeT, es bom-
bisti teroristebi ebrZvian ruseTis keTil-
Sobil saxelmwifos. am xerxma erTxel gaWra,
orjerac, magram yovelTvis ver imuSavebda.
zneoba ar aris is sfero, sadac Cven Sev-
ZlebT evropelebis damarcxebas. am mxriv isi-
ni kargaxania dawinaurdnen da Tanasworobaze,
sindisze, pirovnebis Tu zogadad Tavisufle-
baze, adamianis uflebebze evropelebTan ka-
maTsa Tu SejibrSi mudmivad davmarcxdebiT.
Cven sxva gziT unda viaroT. moWadrakes Wa-
draki ar unda eTamaSo _ waageb, magram Tu
WidobaSi an boqsSi gamoiwvev, SesaZlebelia,
mogebuli darCe. Tavisufleba, Tanasworoba
da sxva msgavsi kategoriebi qimerebia. Tu
saxelmwifo xar, es sakenki ar unda miirTva,
_ gulma migrZno, andreevi cota xanSi SeTq-
mulebis Teoriebis sferoSi gadainacvlebda.
arada vgiJdebi msgavs sisuleleebze; vcade,
procesi dameCqarebina:

_ rotmistro, Rirseulia, rodesac moWa-

drakes WadrakSi, xolo moWidaves WidaobaSi
mougeb da es mxolod im SemTxvevaSia SesaZ-
lebeli, Tu moWadrakesTan Wadraks xSirad
iTamaSeb, xolo moWidavesTan iWidaveb.
151
_ anu mTavazob, evropelebTan maTsave moe-
danze, maTive wesebiT viTamaSoT?

_ xeli ram unda SegviSalos?

_ keTili, maSin zneobrivi TvalsazrisiT

SevxedoT gartingis saqmianobas. misi pirveli
met-naklebad warmatebuli saqme iyo derptSi
mefismkvlelTa organizaciis likvidaciaSi
aqtiuri monawileoba. warmateba miRweulia
arazneobrivi gziT. gaxsovT eg saqme?

_ maxsovs da _ Zalian kargadac. raRa dagi-

maloT? peterburgSi mivlinebis dros mis
detalebsac gavecani.

_ Tumca aramgonia, yvela niuansi iyos

TqvenTvis cnobili. axla kargad damigdeT
yuri da Cvens yofil Sefze iseT rameebs gai-
gebT, Tmebi yalyze dagidgebaT. mogexsenebaT,
narodovolecebis stamba Cavarda student pe-
reliaevis moulodneli gardacvalebis gamo.
epilefsiiT daavadebuli axalgazrda kaci
Setevis dros baliSze daemxo da gaiguda. si-
namdvileSi ki ai ra moxda; stambis adgilsa-
myofeli daupatimrebelTagan mxolod gekel-
man-gartingma, pereliaevma da novikovma icod-
nen. misi gacema am sami kacidan erT-erTs
SeeZlo. radganac pereliaevi da novikovi,
romlebic im binaSi cxovrobdnen, sadac sa-
beWdi mowyobiloba iyo, Tavis Tavs ar gas-
cemdnen, Sesabamisad, safuZvlian eWvs swored
gekelman-gartingze miitandnen. amitomac
oxranka, Tavis agenti rom ar gaeca, ar Cqa-

152
robda stambis likvidacias. samagierod sul-
swrafoba gamoavlina gekelmanma. rogorc
Cans, axalgazrda kacs guli farTe aspare-
zisken, evropisken mouwevda, aq axali sagmiro
saqmeebi eguleboda. aba, axla gamagrdi, Cemo
beniamin! vici, Zneli iqneba amis mosmena! ge-
kelmans, derptis samedicino fakultetis
students, ar gauWirda gaego, Tu ra martivad
SeiZleba epilefsiiT daavadebuli adamianis
gulyris Setevis gamowveva. amisTvis saWiroa
xmauri da mkveTri Suqi. gekelmanma iSova co-
taodeni magniumi da bariumis nitrati, estu-
mra pereliaevs, Ramis gasaTevad darCa masTan
da daiZina Tu ara maspinZelma, xmauriT gaaR-
viZa, Tan magnium-bariumis nazavi aafeTqa.
Zlierma xmam da naerTis aalebis sikaSkaSem
pereliaevs gulyris Seteva damarTa. gekel-
mans isRa darCenoda gonebadakarguli avad-
myofi baliSze saxiT daemxo da dalodeboda,
sanam es ukanaskneli ar gaigudeboda. meore
dRes ki gvamis dasaTvaliereblad misulma
policiam rac aRmoaCina, Cemze ukeT mogexse-
neba.

_ ara! _ derptSi momxdari incidentis amgva-

ri axsnisTvis Sinaganad mzad viyavi, magram
Sorisdebuli “ara” mainc xmamaRla wamomcda.

_ ara ki ara _ ki! gartingi maSin daqirave-

buli agenti gaxldaT, me ki _ kadris ofice-
ri. samwuxarod, es ar iyo misi erTaderTi
udanaSaulo msxverpli. gamosacdelad gamza-
debul bombSi landezen-gartingis mier fa-
rulad asafeTqebeli muxtis gazrdas Sveica-
153
riaSi Seewira isaak dembo; xomald “olafis”
kaiutaSi, mxuTavi gazis naRmis gamoyenebis
Sedegad, gartingis mier pirad mtrad gamoc-
xadebuli iankel Cerniakis garda, sami sru-
liad udanaSaulo adamiani daiRupa; gartings
1904 wels ruseT-iaponiis omis dros daevala
port-arturis dasaxmareblad baltiis zRvi-
dan gagzavnili ruseTis wynari okeanis eska-
dris usafrTxo gadaadgilebis uzrunvelyo-
fa. britaneTis napirebTan mas moelanda iapo-
nuri naRmmzidebi, admiral roJestvenskis
araswori informacia miawoda, ris gamoc
moxda is samarcxvino incidenti, romelic
cnobilia “rusuli Zaladobis” an “rusuli
Tavxedobis” (Russian outrage) saxelwodebiT. ma-
Sin 1904 wlis oqtomberSi, gartingis mier
daSvebuli Secdomis gamo, rusulma eskadram
gaisrola xuTasamde Wurvi, ris Sedegadac
CaiZira erTi, xolo dazianda xuTi britanu-
li TevzsaWeri gemi; rusma mezarbazneebma
moaxerxes agreTve sakuTar flotSi Semavali
kreiser “avroras” dabombva da rac mTavaria
daiRupa masze myofi mRvdeli. msxverpli iyo
inglisel meTevzeTa Sorisac. raRa gavagrZe-
lo, Cveni yofili Sefis karieruli biliki
adamianebis gvamebiTaa mofenili. vxedav, SeZr-
wunebuli xar, Cemo megobaro! unda giTxra,
rom sul tyuilad! daRupuli adamianebi ar
aris gartingis ubedureba! Cven jariskacebi
varT, vimyofebiT frontze. omSi ki adamianebs
klaven.

154
_ gareSe mterTan brZolaSi msxverpli gar-
dauvali aucileblobaa, magram qveynis SigniT
an Tundac mis farglebs gareT sakuTari qve-
Sevrdomebis fizikurad ganadgureba upatie-
beli codva mgonia.

_ viTom ratom? gareSe mtris mokvla Tu

SeiZleba, Sinauri mteri ra wiTeli kvercxi
myavs?! Tanac Sinaurs zogjer ufro meti zia-
nis moyeneba SeuZlia. CvenTvis, imperiis ja-
riskacebisTvis, mteri mteria, maT Cvenianebad
da sxvisianebad ver davyofT da yvelas sas-
tikad unda moveqceT. gartingis mier an mis
gamo adamianebis daxocva ki ar aris Secdo-
ma, aramed danaSaulis tolfasia moZvelebu-
li meTodebiT moqmedeba. igi 1890 wels Cata-
rebuli udavod warmatebuli operaciis ty-
veobaSi darCa. man da raCkovskim moaxerxes
evropuli policia gamoeyenebinaT rusuli
saxelmwifos interesebis dasacavad. provoka-
ciis meTodma maSin gaWra da zedmeti Tavda-
jerebuloba iyo igive xerxis SemdegSi ga-
moyenebac. frangebma droTa ganmavlobaSi
Seiswavles gartingis meTodebi da rodesac
man dagegma da ganaxorciela 1907 wlis 13 iv-
niss tfilisis bankis yaCaRuri gaZarcvis
operacia, evropelebi provokaciaze ver wa-
moago.

_ eg CemTvis aqamde ucnobi informaciaa. nuTu

is Tavdasxma, romlis drosac xuTi adamiani
daiRupa, aTeulobiT daiWra da gatacebul
iqna kolosaluri Tanxa, orasormocdaaTi
aTasi rubli, Cveni uwyebis dagegmili opera-
155
cia iyo? gana ra mizans isaxavda, rom am rao-
denobis sicocxlis da Tanxis msxverplad
Rirda?

_ eh. Cemo beniamin! Tanamdebobas Cvens uwyeba-

Si, sxva privilegiebTan erTad, Cveulebriv
mokvdavTaTvis xelmiuwvdomeli informaciis
flobac axlavs. vidre tfilisis bankis Zarc-
vis saqmis namdvil detalebs gagacnob, zoga-
di situaciis arsSi unda gagarkvio.

_ siamovnebiT gismen, _ gulma migrZno, an-

dreevi axla zogadasakacobrio sisuleleebis
moyolas daiwyebda da tanSi saamurma Jruan-
telma damiara.

_ bolo monacemebiT, amJamad evropis did qa-

laqebSi Tavmoyrilia daaxloebiT xuTi aTasi
rusi emigranti. eseni arian maradiuli stu-
dentebi, romlebic usaqmod dayialoben, Tavs
politikuri dajgufebebis wevrebad asaReben,
TavSeyra-Rreobebs yrilobebs eZaxian da
saarsebo Tanxebs iReben ruseTis aSkara
mtrebisgan, ZiriTadad msoflio finansuri
bobolebisa da sionistebis agentebisgan.
usaqmurebsa da tyuilad dabadebulTa Soris
gansakuTrebiT mravalricxovani arian: so-
cialist-revolucionerebi igive eserebi, so-
cial-demokratebi da erovnuli niSniT Seko-
wiwebuli Semdegi dajgufebebi: ebrael-
Ta(bundi), kavkasielTa, polonelTa da fi-
nelTa gaerTianebebi.

156
 aha, daiwyo. axla mTavaria saxeze ar Seme-
tyos, rom am yvelafers bodvad aRviqvam, To-
rem mSvidobiT karierav! dawinaurebas iseve
ver vixilav, rogorc _ sakuTar yurebs. amis
Tqma advilia, magram vigrZeni, wamiT rogor
Semecvala feri da saxis kunTebi amiTamaSda.
rac moxda _ moxda! gamocdil mzverav an-
dreevs es ar gamorCenia, amitomac saswrafod
vcade, mimikiT gamoxatuli grZnoba ise war-
momeCina, TiTqos protesti sul sxva mizeziT
gamiCnda:

_ nu miwyenT, magram unda davazusto. am xal-

xis damfinansebelTa Soris nu gamovtovebT
Cvens uwyebasac. landezen-gartingis epizods
Tu gavixsenebT, saSualod aT revolucio-
nerze erTi Cveni maRalanazRaurebadi sai-
dumlo TanamSromeli modis. marTalia, Cvens
yofil ufrosze amas ver vityvi, magram agen-
tebs Soris aucileblad iqnebian iseTebic,
romlebic policiis departamentisgan miRe-
buli Tanxebis gasamarTleblad Tavad qmnian
da Semdeg Tavadve amxelen teroristul jgu-
febs. gamodis rom, uneblieT, provokatorebis
meSveobiT, Cvenve vqmniT revolucionerTa
gaerTianebebs da rusuli saxelmwifos fu-
liT vafinansebT maT. unda vicodeT, Cveni
xelSewyobiT Seqmnili revolucionerebis
umravlesoba mxilebis Semdeg profesionali
aralegali xdeba, _ mivayare erT amo-
sunTqvaze da, mgoni, gadavfare mimikis mux-
anaTuri moRalaturi saqcieli.

157
_ eh, Cemo beniamin, rom icode, ramdenad um-
niSvneloa policiis departamentis mier dax-
arjuli fuli im TanxebTan SedarebiT, ro-
melsac romanovebis ruseTis dasangrevad eg-
reT wodebuli sioneli brZenTabrZenebis mier
gamozrdili finansuri oligarqebi xarjaven?

aha, sioneli brZenTabrZenebic axsena! axla

albaT ebraelTa da masonTa msoflio SeTq-
mulebaze alaparakdeba da gansakuTrebuli
sifrTxile mmarTebs, rom TxasaviT ar ga-
viyido:

_ cota Zneli dasajerebelia, rom msoflios

finansuri magnatebi, romelTa Soris did na-
wils udavod Seadgenen ebraelebi, mxars
uWeren da afinanseben socialisturi ideo-
logiis mqadagebel partiebs, romlebic acxa-
deben, rom kapitalistebs qoneba unda Ca-
moerTvas da muSebsa da glexebs gadaeces.

_ momwons, qlesa da maamebeli rom ar xar.

Tumca, ai ras niSnavs informaciis uqonloba.
Sennairi gonebasxarti adamianic ki ver xvde-
ba maT WeSmarit mizansa da Canafiqrs. dResve
gagarkvev yvelaferSi. manamde ki erTic dav-
lioT, oRond ara evropulad, aramed _ Cvene-
burad, rusulad, kacurad, _ rotmistrma ya-
vis finjani dacala, koniakiT gaavso. _ fuli
gvqondes da qalebisken migviwevdes guli, _
xmamaRla SesZaxa, sirCaze momiWaxuna da sul-
mouTqmelad gadahkra. sxvaTaSoris, es sak-
maod cnobili rusuli xalxuri sadRegrZelo

158
amgvari zrdilobiani formiT pirvelad da
jerjerobiT erTaderTxel movismine.

_ eh, rac iqneba, iqneba, _ solidarobis niS-

nad sirCidan koniaki faifuris finjanSi Ca-
vasxi, boTlidan davamate da piri Cavitkba-
rune.

_ axla ki yuradRebiT momismine, Cemo Tana-

Semwev! droa, seriozul sakiTxebs SevexoT, _
rotmistrs TvalebSi Cavxede da mivxvdi, ukve
momwifebuli iyo Zalian maRal materiebze
sasaubrod.

_ gismenT, Tqveno maRalo keTilSobilebav!

_ aba egeTebi ar iyos. xom SevTanxmdiT, ofi-

cialuri mimarTvebi _ mxolod oficialur
garemoSi. Cemo beniamin, Tu Sen elodebi sau-
bars masonebis mier Cafiqrebul msoflioSi
gabatonebis gegmebze _ Zalian cdebi. amgvari
SeTqmulebis Teoriebi rom bodvaa, aq, evro-
paSi, mcxovrebma me da Sen kargad viciT. le-
gendebi qvismTlelebis mistikuri yovliSem-
Zleobis Sesaxeb ruseTis imperiisa da aRmo-
savleTis ganuviTarebeli qveynebis erTpirov-
nuli mmarTvelebis mier gamoiyeneba qveSevr-
domTa daSinebisa da morCilebaSi yolis miz-
niT. gare mtris xatis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi
nebismieri arapopularuli nabijis gamar-
Tleba SeiZleba da es qveynis marTvis gamoc-
dili meTodia. masonebi adamianTa Cveulebri-
vi kluburi gaerTianebebia da maTi Zala,
xSir SemTxvevaSi, nebismieri patara politi-

159
kuri partiis SesaZleblobebze naklebia. Sen-
Tan saubars vapireb masonebze bevrad ufro
Zlier da gavlenian jgufze, _ andreevs Tva-
lebSi eSmakunebi auTamaSdnen.

_ nuTu isini marTla arseboben?

_ yuri damigde da Tu raime daujerebeli mo-

geCvenos, aucileblad miTxari, nu damimalav.
laparakia msoflio globalur finansur
sistemaze, romlis funqcionirebaSic gadamwy-
vet rols bankirebis saerTaSoriso mafiis
fuli TamaSobs. maTi mizania gavlenis sfe-
roSi ruseTis Seyvana da am mzakvruli gegmis
ganxorcieleba daiwyo finansTa ministrad
sergei vittes yofnis dros.

tfiliselma onavarma biWma, romelmac iqau-

ri gimnazia Zlivs daamTavra saswavlo dis-
ciplinebSi dayvedrebuli damakmayofilebeli
niSnebiT da yofaqcevaSi erTianiT, SemdegSi
imdeni moaxerxa, rom imperiis Zalian gavle-
160
niani ministri gaxda. globalur finansur
sistemaSi ruseTis SeTrevaSi mas raCkovski
da gartingi exmarebodnen. meqanizmi aseTi iyo:
Tavdapirvelad safrangeTis sabanko seqtori
ruseTs sesxs aZlevda; Tavad sesxis Tanxis
formireba Semdegnairad xdeboda: rusuli
fasiani obligaciebi, romlebsac “mefis qa-
Raldebs” eZaxdnen, iyideboda parizis bir-
Jaze. maTze maRal fass gansazRvravda, damT-
bari frangul-rusuli urTierTobebiT
ganmtkicebuli, dapirebuli wliuri 14%-iani
Semosavali da safrangeTis presaSi gaCaRe-
buli seriozuli sareklamo kampania. didi
mogebis miRebis mizniT, frangebma daiwyes
saxlebis, miwis nakveTebis, saojaxo Zvirfa-
seulobis gayidva da rusuli aqciebis SeZena.
Segrovili Tanxis ori mesamedi ruseTSi ga-
dabargda da iq evropulma kompaniebma, ra
Tqma unda, ruseTis saxelmwifos TavdebiT,
daiwyo sxvadasxva ekonomikuri proeqtebis
ganxorcieleba. ucxoel saqmosnebs: frang re-
bifens, belgiel perlos, berZen micakiss _
ruseTSi lobirebdnen ministr vittes mego-
brebi raCkovski da gartingi da amaSi, rasak-
virvelia, sakomisioebs ijibavdnen. raCkovski-
gartingis dueti ganagebda frangul presaSi
rusuli fasiani qaRaldebis reklamis saqme-
sac.

161
amaSi isini ZiriTadad policiis departamen-
tis fuls xarjavdnen da Tanxis Camowera
xdeboda TiTqosda rus revolucionerebTan
brZolis da ruseTis imperiis imijis gake-
TilSobilebisTvis qveynis biujetidan ga-
moyofili fondidan; am saqmisTvis gadadebu-
li evropeli bankirebis fuli ki am ori ada-
mianis jibeebSi ileqeboda.

_ gamodis rom, mTeli am RonisZiebebis Sede-

gad, ruseTSi aRmSenebloba finansdeboda da
paralelurad raCkovski da gartingic
mdidrdebodnen. saerTaSoriso bankirebis in-
teresi sadRaa. maT ra, viris Tav-fexi? mzak-
vrul miznebsac ver vxedav.

_ axlave, Cemo kargo, nu Cqarob. globaluri

finansuri sistemis gegmebi arc martivia, arc
swraf mogebaze gaTvlili da, rac mTavaria,
arc ise advili gamosacnobia. ver vityvi, rom
maTi miznebi srulad gavSifre, magram Cems
mosazrebebs gagacnob. mas Semdeg, rac ruse-

162
Tis saxelmwifom miiRo frangul sesxad wo-
debuli fuli da misi nawili ekonomikis ga-
jansaRebas moaxmara, maleve daiwyo revolu-
ciuri Sida areulobebi da ruseT-iaponiis
omi. orive es movlena, didi albaTobiT, pro-
vocirebuli iyo swored sabanko mafiis xel-
SewyobiT. Sedegad rusuli saxelmwifo iZu-
lebuli gaxda sesxi daexarja omsa da revo-
lucionerebTan brZolaSi anu aramomgebian
proeqtebSi. am movlenebis gamo mefis aqciebis
fasi evropul bazarze katastrofulad daeca
da fulis saSovnelad ruseTi iZulebuli
Seiqna kvlav safrangeTis mTavrobisTvis mie-
marTa. am ukanasknelma ki xeli rotSildebis
bankisken gaiSvira. frangma rotSildebma ru-
seTis finansTa saministros warmomadgenlebi
inglisel rotSildebTan gadaamisamarTes; in-
gliselebma ki uceremoniod okeanis gaRma re-
volucionerebis damfinansebel bankir jeikob
Sifisken miuTiTes. Sifma arc acia, arc ac-
xela da ganacxada, rom sanam ruseTSi
ebraelTa uflebebi fexqveS iTeleba, raime
fulad an politikur daxmarebaze romanove-
bis ruseTTan laparakic ar Sedgeba. ai xom
xedav, finansur yulfSi Tavi gagvayofines Tu
ara, egreve misi moWera daiwyes. sabolood,
ise gamovida, rom am RonisZiebis Sedegad
izarales frangma rusuli aqciebis mflobe-
lebma, romelTac xelSi gaufasurebuli aq-
ciebi SerCaT da ruseTis saxelmwifom, ro-
melsac uzarmazari vali daedo.
_ viRac xom unda darCeniliyo mogebuli?

163
_ mogebuli darCnen isini, vinc frangebis
saxlebi, miwis nakveTebi, sagvareulo Zvirfa-
seuloba SeiZina iafad da vinc makulaturis
fasad daiTria ukve gaufasurebuli rusuli
obligaciebi. swored am fasian qaRaldebSi
mouwevs albaT Soreul perspeqtivaSi ruseTs
valis gadaxda. mixvdi, ara, Cemo megobaro,
rom eseni arian swored msoflio finansuri
sistemis sacecebi _ ebraeli bankirebi.

_ Tu am jojoxeTuri gegmis ganxorcielebaSi

finansur mafias raCkovski da gartingi exma-
rebodnen, vTqvaT, vittes gadadgomis Semdeg
mainc, ratom aravis gauCnda maTi mxilebis
survili?

_ gauCnda, rogor ar gauCnda?! Sinagan saqmeTa

ministrma plevrem parizSi raCkovskis Savb-
neli saqmeebis gamosaZieblad peterburgis
Jandarmeriis ufrosis amxanagi selivestrovi
gamogzavna, magram gzaSi igi mokla tero-
ristma padlevskim, romelmac iqve
TviTmkvlelobiT daasrula sicocxle. sul
male ki, rogorc axlaxan gairkva, raCkovskis
agentma evno azefma Tavad plevre moakvlevi-
na. daskvnebi TviTon gaakeTe. sxvaTaSoris,
selivestrovis bedi Sen mxolod imitom ar
gaiziare, rom rogorc ki raCkovskim sistema
datova da gartings mxilebis safrTxe daemu-
qra, man policiis departaments moaSora da
Tavis frTebs qveS Seikedla is adamiani, vi-
sac gonebrivad Seswevda imis unari, rom
garkveuliyo raCkovskisa da gartingis uxi-
lav saqmeebSi. diax, Cemo megobaro, parizSi
164
CamoyvaniT CamogaSores gartingis winaaRmdeg
mosalodnel gamoZiebis process. mixvdi, ras
gadaurCi?

_ modi, axla kidev erTi detali davazustoT.

davuSvaT, gartings kavSirebi hqonda bank-
irebTan da maTgan fulis aRebasac ar Taki-
lobda, magram teroristebTan misi saqmiani
urTierToba TiTqos sruliad warmoudgene-
lia. rogor SeiZleba, revolucionerebs raime
aerTianebdes adamianTan, romelmac maT Tavis
droze uRalata da Semdeg dauZinebel, sastik
mtrad moevlina?

_ gartings bolo dros seriozulad aintere-

sebda eserebis da social-demokratebis fi-
nansuri uzrunvelmyofebi Cerniaki da krasin-
litvinovis wyvili. gartingis gaqanebis masS-
tabebidan gamomdinare, ara mgonia, misi inte-
resis sagani am partiebis mier ruseTis teri-
toriaze ganxorcielebuli egreT wodebuli
eqsebiT mopovebuli fuli yofiliyo. gart-
ings saerTaSoriso finansuri sistemis mier
am ori, ukve seriozuli, partiisTvis gadax-
dil mniSvnelovan Tanxebze surda gasvla.
Cerniaki kerketi kakali gamodga da igi moi-
Sora, raTa eserebis axal molaresTan ecada
bedi. ver gamovricxav, rom Cerniakis mkvle-
loba eserebis erT-erT lider, Cvens agent,
evno azefTanac iyo SeTanxmebuli; krasinTan
da litvinovTan dasalaparakeblad ki gar-
tingma Caifiqra tfilisis bankis Zarcvis mra-
valsvliani kombinacia, romelsac, rogorc

165
adre mogaxsene, kargi piri Tavidanve ar uCan-
da.

andreevis naambobi sifxizleSi mofiqrebuls

gavda da simTvraleSi sakmaod solidurad
JRerda. koniakiT gabruebuli qvecnobieri ki
mkarnaxobda, es yvelaferi mTlad marTali ar
unda yofiliyo. erTi piroba vifiqre, seri-
ozul Temebze saubari Semewyvita, magram Se-
meSinda, rom gamofxizlebuli rotmistri
aseTi gulwrfeli ukve aRarasodes iqneboda
da gadavwyvite, barem, tfilisis bankis ga-
Zarcvis ambebic damezustebina:

_ rotmistro, etyoba, alkoholis bralia,

rom mkafiod ver gavige, Tu ra iyo tfilisu-
ri eqspropriaciis provocirebis mizani: so-
cial-demokratTa finansur xelmZRvanelobas-
Tan wilSi Cajdoma Tu am partiis aqtiviste-
bis Cveulebriv bankis mZarcvelebad warmoCena
da maT dapatimrebaSi evropuli policiis ga-
moyeneba?

_ orive, Cemo megobaro! policiis departa-

mentidan raCkovskis wasvlis Semdeg, patronis
gareSe darCenili gartingi, am operaciis da-
gegmviT, Seecada Tavisi moryeuli Tanamdebo-
brivi poziciebi gaemagrebina. gaxsovT, albaT,
rom banditebis mier gatacebuli orasormoc-
daaTi aTasidan asi aTasi rubli iyo xuTa-
siani kupiurebiT, romelTa seria da nomrebi
cnobili iyo policiisTvis. maT Tavis mxriv
gaafrTxiles imperiis bankebi da social-
demokratebi am fuls ruseTis bankebSi ver
166
gadacvlidnen. rCeboda erTaderTi gza: xuTa-
sianebi evropis teritoriaze unda gaesaRebi-
naT; Tanxa sakmaod didi iyo da mis nawil-
nawil gadacvlas revolucionerTa aqtiviste-
bi erTdroulad ecdebodnen aqaur sakredito
dawesebulebebSi. fulis ZiriTadi masa kon-
vertaciis Semdeg maT liderebTan moiyrida
Tavs. yovelive amas Cveni agentebis meSveobiT
mivadevnebdiT Tvals. am saqmeSi CarTuli
evropuli policia ki dagvexmareboda so-
cial-demokratTa mniSvnelovani birTvis da-
patimrebaSi, rasac avtomaturad mohyveboda
mTeli partiis, rogorc bankis mZarcveli
bandis, diskreditacia evropuli, aseve ru-
suli sazogadoebis TvalSi. rac mTavaria,
operaciis es nawili gartings skams gaumya-
rebda. paralelurad, Cveni yofili Sefi sa-
kuTar jibezec izrunebda: revolucionerebis
mxridan fulis gadacvlis procesSi aqtiure-
bi iqnebodnen krasini, litvinovi da, dapati-
mrebis SemTxvevaSi, gartingi Seecdeboda
maTTan garigebas.

_ amgvari operaciis Catareba social-

demokratTa rigebSi mniSvnelovani gavlenis
mqone saidumlo TanamSromlebis gareSe war-
moudgeneli meCveneba, _ Cems Zvel Tanamdebo-
baze yofnis dros agentebze saubaric ki akr-
Zaluli mqonda, magram axla policiis de-
partamentis sazRvargareTis biuros Sefis
TanaSemwe gaxldiT da gavTamamdi.

_ marTali xar, Cemo beniamin! policiis de-

partamentis fasiani agentebis gareSe am
167
saqmes gartingi ver wamoiwyebda. es adamianebi
gansakuTrebiT maRali rangis faruli Tanam-
Sromlebi arian da maTi vinaoba mxolod bi-
uros ufrosma da misma zemdgomma pirebma
ician. xval, gartingis seifs gavxsni Tu ara,
am saidumlos mec veziarebi. Tumca aris gan-
sakuTrebuli SemTxvevebi, rodesac agentebis
vinaoba gartingisTvis aris piradad cnobili
da am pirovnebebze aranairi dokumentebi ar
iqmneba; Sesabamisad, maT vinaobas mxolod
seifSi daculi dokumentaciiT ver davadgen.
vnaxoT, aRdgoma da xvaleo. axla mTavar sa-
kiTxs davubrundeT. veubnebodi arkadi mixai-
loviCs, rom tfilisis bankis saqme uperspeq-
tivo iqneboda, ramdenjerme gavumeore, provo-
kaciebis dro wavida, magram qva aagdo da Ta-
vi SeuSvira.

_ Tqven ra gzas TavazobdiT? ufro sworad,

Tqven ra gzas gvTavazobT?

_ axlave mogaxseneb. provokaciebis sistema

efuZneba iseT qimeras, rogoricaa zneoba. wam-
qezeblebis meSveobiT xdeba politikuri
brZolis kriminalur sferoSi gadatana.
vTqvaT, bombistebis mizania mefis afeTqeba.
provokatorebis meSveobiT maTi jgufi am te-
raqtisTvis amzadebs ara or an sam bombs, rac
srulebiT sakmarisia mefis mosaklavad,
aramed imdens, ramdenic mSvidobian mosax-
leobas, obivatels Seuqmnis safrTxes. tero-
ristebis dakavebis Semdeg sazogadoeba xe-
davs, rom revolucionerebi ki qadageben karg
ideebs, magram Tavisi realuri saqmianobiT
168
maTi Svilebis mSvidobian arsebobobas emu-
qrebian. saxelmwifo, oxrankis saxiT, qveSevr-
domebs mimarTavs: naxeT, Cven TqvensaviT
zneobrivi RirebulebebiT vxelmZRvanelobT,
davuSviT sxvadasxva partiebis arseboba, maT
saqmianobas xels ar vuSliT, isini ki fexebze
gikideben da Tavisi akviatebuli ideebis gan-
saxorcieleblad mzad arian Tqveni sicoc-
xle gaswiron. miTxari, Cemo beniamin, vis raSi
Wirdeba amgvari ZviradRirebuli liberaliz-
mi da demokratiulobanas TamaSi? vin gvaval-
debulebs, veferoT partiebs da sazogadoe-
bas? movida dro, politikidan unda amovSan-
ToT morali. visac unda Zlieri saxelmwifo,
man unda daiviwyos zneoba da SeiaraRdes eS-
makobiT, farisevlobiT; gulwrfeloba, pa-
tiosneba, tradiciebi, wes-Cveulebebi, senti-
mentaluri bodvebi xalxs unda gadavulo-
coT. isini unda cxovrobdnen am suleluri
principebiT da mudam iqnebian advilad sa-
marTavni. saxelmwifo ki valdebulia, sar-
geblobdes Zlieris uflebiT, iyos marTali
yvelgan da yvelaferSi. politikur partiebs
anu politikur mtrebs sastikad unda gavus-
wordeT da amis gamo aravis winaSe vagebT pa-
suxs; gareSe mterTan brZolaSi nebadarTu-
lia moulodneli, gaufrTxilebeli Tavdasx-
ma, araTanabari Zalis gamoyeneba. zustad
aseve unda moveqceT Sinaur mtersac. saxelm-
wifom yuradReba unda miaqcios ara imas,
ramdenad keTili da saTnoa igi, aramed ram-
denad saWiro da sasargebloa misi qmedeba.

169
unda movspoT politikuri partiebi da am saq-
meSi yvela efeqturi meTodi gamoviyenoT.

_ magram saerTaSoriso valdebulebebic xom

arsebobs? ra pasuxi gavceT evropelebs?

_ fexebze unda davikidoT, faqtis winaSe da-

vayenoT. ras izamen? iyayaneben, SeSfoTdebian,
cota xani guls moifxanen da bolos Segvi-
rigdebian. Cveni xorbali, navTobi, sxva sim-
didreebi, aseve uzarmazari bazari Zalian
WirdebaT da am komfortze uars ver ityvian.
uxeS Zalas sabolood yvela daemorCileba.
CvenTvis ucxoelebze mniSvnelovania sakuTari
qveSevrdomebis azri. amitomac xalxSi unda
ganvamtkicoT saWiro stereotipebi. maT unda
sjerodeT: a) umjobesia iyo Raribi, magram
janmrTeli, vidre Raribi da avadmyofi; b)
umjobesia cota da xarisxiani; g) an gamarj-
veba, an sikvdili. . . mmarTvelma elitam ki
unda icodes: a) umjobesia iyo janmrTeli da
mdidari, vidre Raribi da avadmyofi; b) umjo-
besia bevri da xarisxiani; g) gamarjveba si-
cocxlisTvisaa saWiro da sicocxle _ ga-
marjvebisTvis. . .

saketze gasaRebis morgebis xmam parizis sen

Jermenis bulvaris kuTxeSi mdebare kafe Les
Deux Magots –idan tfilisSi, mTawmindaze,
petre didis quCaze, misi saimperatoro udi-
debulesobis mefisnacvlis kancelariis gan-
sakuTrebuli ganyofilebis sapatimro sakanSi
damabruna. kari gaiRo, farnis Suqma Tvali
momWra:
170
_ mapatieT, Cemo Zvirfaso megobaro, Zalian
gTxovT, mapatieT, _ vicani Stabs-rotmistr
pinxus iankeleviC lerneris specifikuri sa-
siamovno xma. _ guSin da dRes aq iseTi ambebi
trialebs, kidev karg Wkuaze var. wamobrZan-
diT, kabinetSi davsxdeT da yvelafers daw-
vrilebiT mogaxsenebT.

_ ese igi, parizidan depeSa miiReT? _ guli

momeca.

_ parizidan, samwuxarod, araferi ismis. Tum-

ca iq momxdar cud ambebze telegrafma pe-
terburgidan moitana cnobebi. wamobrZandiT,
gTxovT.

171
 cud ambebs vxedav . . .

kafe Les Deux Magots -Si Cveni qeifis Sem-

degi dRe jobda, ar gaTenebuliyo. Tavi misk-
deboda, magram samsaxurSi grandiozuli saq-
meebis sakeTeblad da imediT aRsavse gamovc-
xaddi. andreevi ukve kabinetSi iyo. sixaru-
liT SevaRe kari, magram iq sruliad sxva
adamiani damxvda. samuSao magidasTan ki ijda
rotmistri andreevi, Tumca es kaci erT Rame-
Si sruliad Secvliliyo.

_ dila mSvidobisa, Tqveno maRalkeTilSobi-

lebav! rogor brZandebiT? _ vcade, rac
SeiZleba zrdilobiani da keTilganwyobili
vyofiliyavi.

_ axlave gabrZandiT da, vidre ar gamogiZax-

ebT, aq Semosvlis uflebas nu miscemT saku-
Tar Tavs. familarobas samsaxurSi ver davuS-
veb, _ maqsimalurad lakoniuri da mkacri iyo
ufrosi.

_ mapatieT, Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, mo-

wyaleo xelmwifev! megona, guSindeli saubris
Semdeg. . .

_ ar mainteresebs, Tqven ra gegonaT, _ kare-

bisken gaiSvira saCvenebeli TiTi.

gaognebuli gamovedi misi kabinetidan. naRvi-

nevi saTuTi mdgomareobaa. kaci mZimedaa da
172
axla CemTvis ar scalia. principSi marTali-
caa. mere ra, rom guSin erTad davTveriT?
rogor vifiqre, rom Cven, marTalia, orive
wodebiT rotmistrs, magram Tanamdebobrivad
gansxvavebulebs, TanasworuflebianTa ur-
TierToba gveqneboda? guSin, sxva sisule-
leebTan erTad, imasac xom iZaxda, rom
tolsworoba qimeraao. Jurnal-gazeTebSi ga-
moqveynebuli statiebi masonebis, sioneli
brZenTabrZenebis, ebraeli yoflisSemZle fi-
nansistebis Sesaxeb erTi SexedviTac sensa-
ciebis moyvarulTa monaWoria, magram naxe,
rogor ujdeba mkiTxvels tvinSi, ra sainte-
resod gardaiqmneba simTvraleSi da ra jo-
joxeTur “paxmelias” iwvevs?!

ufrosTan erTad naRvinevis mkurnalobis

iluziac SarSandeli TovliviT gaqra; beds
damorCilebuli Sevedi Cems oTaxSi da iq
daxvavebul qaRaldebSi Cavrge Tavi.

erTi kvira ise gavida, andreevi arc minaxavs

da mxolod merve dRes, saRamos Tavad mestu-
mra.

_ cudadaa saqme, beniamin! wamo, CemTan davi-

laparakoT.

morCilad gavyevi. saubarSi aRmoCnda, saqme

cudad ki ara, Zalian cudadaa. gairkva, rom
gartingi seifSi mxolod umniSvnelo agente-
bis monacemebs inaxavda; parizis saswrafod
datovebisas yofil Sefs andreevisTvis sai-
dumlo TanamSromlebTan saurTierTobod rva

173
konspiraciuli misamarTi dautovebia; gasuli
kviris ganmavlobaSi rotmistrma scada maT-
Tan piradi da werilobiTi kavSiris damyare-
ba. Sedegi metad ucnauri gamodga: sami misa-
marTi erTsadaimave kacTan dasakavSireblad
yofila da kontaqti Sedga; darCenili xuTi
misamarTidan mimowera mxolod orTan aRdga;
mesame, rogorc Cans, arasworia, radganac mi-
sadmi werilebi fostaSi awyvia, TanamSromeli
werils werilze agzavnis, fuls iTxovs,
meore Tvea jamagiri ar mimiRia da viRupebio;
Tavisi namdvili misamarTis miTiTeba ki
azradac ar mosdis; danarCenebisgan CamiCumi
ar ismis.

_ gamodis rom agenturis mTavar Zalebis ga-

reSe darCiT? _ gamovxate TanagrZnoba.

_ ki ar davrCi, aramed _ damtova. gartingi

gaiqca da agentebis gareSe damtova.

_ unda daukavSirdeT. misi belgiuri misamar-

Ti TqvenTvis albaT cnobilia.

_ mivwere werili, vTxove parizSi Camovides

an sxvagan Semxvdes; dampirda, rom Camova, ma-
gram TariRs ar asaxelebs. saidumlo Tanam-
Sromlebis garda arsebobs fuladi angari-
Sebic. praqtikulad xelfexSekruli vmuSaob.
mivxvdi, gartingis sabotaJs mkacrad unda vu-
pasuxoT. Sesadgenia muSaobis strategiuli
gegma, Torem daviRupebiT. axla wabrZandiT
da sam dReSi, rotmistro, Tqvengan saTanado
winadadebebs velodebi, _ kvlav oficialuri

174
gaxda andreevi. mgoni, es kabineti da magida
damRupvelad moqmedebs mis adamianur Tvise-
bebze.

sami dRis Semdeg ufross mivarTvi moxsene-

biTi baraTi, sadac Cixidan gamosasvlelad
samoqmedo gegma SevTavaze. masSi, ra Tqma un-
da, naxsenebic ar iyo andreevis mier kafe Les
Deux Magots –Si Camoyalibebul ebraelTa
msoflio finansur sistemasTan brZolis
strategia; samagierod policiis departaments
vTavazobdi axal mimarTulebas; kerZod, ese-
rebTan, social-demokratebTan da erovnuli
niSniT Seqmnil partiebTan mebrZoli ganyo-
filebebis paralelurad amJamad uyuradRe-
bod datovebuli anarqistebis saqmianobis
Semswavleli jgufis Camoyalibebas. es partia
mTels evropaSi ikrebda Zalas da, rac mTa-
varia, rusi anarqistebis lideri gaxldaT
petre kropotkini, romelic Tavisi inteleq-
tiT bevrad aRemateboda sxva rusuli partie-
bis xelmZRvanelebs da amitomac seriozul
Zalas warmoadgenda; igi aucileblad Seuqm-
nida safrTxes ruseTSi arsebul wesrigs.
meore mimarTuleba, romelic unda gagveZlie-
rebia, adgilobriv presasTan saqmianoba
gaxldaT; ruseTSi Catarebuli arapopula-
ruli RonisZiebebi (ebraelTa darbevebi, po-
litikuri partiebis devna, demonstraciebis
daxvreta, sikvdiliT dasjis Zalze xSirad
gamoyeneba) evropeli mkiTxvelisTvis CvenTvis
sasurvel konteqstSi unda warmogveCina. amis
gakeTeba mosyiduli redaqtorebis saSuale-
175
biT umtkivneulod moxerxdeboda da arc ise
Zviri dajdeboda. amgvar saqcielSi cudi xom
araferi iyo; Tu sasamarTlo procesze Wkvian
da gaqnil advokats SeuZlia Tavisi demago-
giiT nafici msajulebi moatyuos da damna-
Saves aacilos sasjeli, ratom ar SeiZleba,
Jurnalistebis meSveobiT, evropul sazoga-
doebas TvalSi nacari SevayaroT? Tu veqil-
Ta simarTles egueba kacobrioba, presis si-
marTlem raRa daaSava? CvenTvis mTavaria ru-
seTis imperiis interesebi, WeSmariteba ki ze-
caSi gairkveva. rac Seexeba gartingis mier
faruli agentebis andreevisTvis argadacemas?
am problemas, srulad Tu ara mniSvnelovnad
mainc, moagvarebda policiis departamentis
vice-direqtori visarionovi, romelsac eva-
leboda sazRvargareTis saidumlo agentu-
raze kontroli; Sesabamisad, icoda maTi vi-
naobac da konspiraciuli adgilebic. saWiro
iyo misTvis TxovniT migvemarTa.

andreevma moxseneba waikiTxa, Tavi ukan ga-

daagdo, xelebi kefaze Semoiwyo, Wers axeda,
TiTqos iq viRac dainaxa da imas elaparake-
bao:

_ ra sisuleleebi dagiweriaT. es anarqistebi

vin oxrebi arian, rom departaments maTTan
brZolis ganyofilebis Seqmna SevTavazoT? an
ra sindisiT movTxovo peterburgs parizuli
agenturis siis gadmocema? ras ifiqreben
Cvenze? xom ityvian, es usaqmurebi Tavisi
agentebis dazustebasac Cvengan elodebian da
sxva ra saqmis gamkeTeblebi ariano?! mibrZan-
176
diT, rotmistro, isev yoveldRiur rutinas
miubrundiT. ar aris seriozuli, saxelmwifo
mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi Tqveni saqme.

gavida ori Tve. policiis departamentis

sazRvargareTis agenturis mdgomareoba kvlav
mZime iyo, samagierod garkveuli dadebiTi
tendencia SeimCneoda Cemsa da andreevs Soris
urTierTobaSi; man funqciebi oficialurad
gaanawila: me social-demokratebTan da na-
cionalur partiebTan muSaoba mergo, Tavad
ki ZiriTadi mimarTuleba _ eserebi daitova.
zRva samuSao gamiCnda da, rac CemTvis siaxle
iyo, bolSevik-menSevikTa rigebSi moRvawe se-
riozuli gavlenis mqone saidumlo agenteb-
Tan urTierTobis ufleba momeniWa. Sefsac
TandaTan Seumsubuqda skamis, kabinetis da
Tanamdebobis seni. igi axlac gacofdeboda
xolme, magram ZiriTadad gartingze, romel-
mac, rogorc velodi, ramdenime Zalian mniSv-
nelovani piradi agenti ar gadasca. 15 agvis-
tos andreevma kabinetSi mimixmo da sami da-
valeba momca. pirveli: tfilisSi misi saimpe-
ratoro udidebulesobis mefisnacvlis kan-
celariis gansakuTrebul ganyofilebaSi unda
Semeswavla 1907 wlis 13 ivniss bankis Zarcvis
saqmis iq arsebuli masalebi, raTa, bolos da
bolos, gamerkvia, vin iyvnen eqspropriaciis
organizatorTa an SemsrulebelTa Soris
gartingis saidumlo agentebi; es mniSvnelo-
vani iyo, radgan swored maTi meSveobiT geg-
mavda amJamindeli ufrosi Zveli Sefis Savb-
neli saqmeebis gaqeqvas; meore: tfilisSive
saxelmwifo sabWos wevris _ Tavad ilia Wav-
177
WavaZis mkvlelobis sasamarTlos saqmis do-
kumentaciis Semowmebis dros Tu iseT darR-
vevebs aRmovaCendi, riTac misi udidebuleso-
bis imperator nikoloz meoris maRal yura-
dRebas mivipyrobdiT, romelime sapatio or-
deni garantirebuli meqneboda; mesame: mivli-
nebaSi gamgzavrebamde unda dameSifra poli-
ciis departamentis direqtor zuevisadmi ga-
sagzavni korespondencia, sadac wavawydi we-
rils, romlis SinaarsiTac sasiamovnod gak-
virvebuli davrCi:

“ piradad
sruliad saidumlod
Tqveno aRmatebulebav
mowyaleo xelmwifev
rogorc ori Tvis win sruliad saidumlod
gacnobeT, Tanamedrove revolucionerTa go-
nebrivi moZraobis mniSvnelovani nawili
marcxniv ixreba, gatacebulia anarqizmiT, ro-
melic amgvarad iZens did mniSvnelobas. ru-
suli anarqizmis centrad iqca londoni, sa-
dac dafuZndnen kropotkini da varlam Cerqe-
ziSvili. am Zalebis realurobaze metyvelebs
axlaxan britaneTSi momxdari egreT wodebu-
li “protestis mitingebi”, romlebsac gansa-
kuTrebuli yuradRebiT ganixilaven inglisis
parlamentSi. radganac Tqvengan pasuxi ar mi-
miRia, Tavs ufleba miveci, am mimarTulebiT
SemeZina oTxi saidumlo TanamSromeli: 1. er-
Ti piri axlo kavSirSia CerqeziSvilTan,
178
cxovrobs londonSi da SeuZlia am wris ga-
Suqeba; 2. erTi piri parizSi cxovrobs, magram
amJamad Cems mier mivlinebulia londonSi
anarqistebis saqmianobis gasaSuqeblad; 3. er-
Ti adamianic parizeli anarqistia da mas
evaleba frangi da rusi anarqistebis erTob-
livi saqmianobis gaSuqeba; 4. garda amisa aR-
vadgine urTierToba Zvel agentTan, romelic
adre ukmayofilo iyo gartingis meTodebiT.
es piri mzadaa iTanamSromlos CemTan ama
wlis 1 oqtombridan. . .
Tqveno aRmatebulebav

Sevudeqi Jurnal “Le courier du Parlement”-is

redaqtorTan saidumlo molaparakebebs da
radganac frangs sityvieri madloba ar ak-
mayofilebs, mogviwevs misTvis weliwadSi ori
aTasi frankis gadaxda . . .
Tqveno aRmatebulebav
gartingi kvlav ar mimxels saidumlo agen-
tebs. umorCilesad gTxovT maT Sesaxeb daSi-
fruli lentiT mogvawodoT is informacia,
romelic samsaxurebrivi ierarqiiT cnobilia
baton vice-direqtor s. e. visarionovisTvis.
es informacia gamoiyvans agenturas gaurkve-
veli mdgomareobidan da Cvens saqmianobas sa-
Wiro mimarTulebiT warmarTavs.
Tqvens aRmatebulebas gidasturebT uRrmes
pativiscemas da sruliad gulwrfel erTgu-
lebas.

179
 sazRvargareTis agenturis xelmZRvaneli
rotmistri vladimer andreevi”
aki _ “ar aris seriozuli da saxelmwifo
mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi Tqveni saqmeo”? Tvi-
Ton ki Cemi moxsenebiTi baraTi, mivutane Tu
ara, maSinaTve zuevisTvis Tavisi xelmoweriT
gadaubulbulebia. RmerTma Seargos. mTavaria,
saqme gakeTdes!

1909 wlis 15 agvistos saRamos gezi konstan-

tinopolisken aviRe da iq 18 agvistos dol-
bandiani urCxulis klanWebSi aRmovCndi; Tum-
ca is dRe ra mosatania tfilisur, dRevan-
del 25 agvistosTan // 7 seqtemberTan, rode-
sac usiamovnebebi mexiviT da Tanac mraval-
jeradad damatyda Tavs. raRas vwuwuneb, mgo-
ni, yvelaferi kargad damTavrda da misi udi-
debulesobis mefisnacvlis kancelariis gan-
sakuTrebuli ganyofilebis jurRmulidan
pinxus iankeleviC lerneris TanxlebiT misive
kabinetisken mivuyvebodi kibes. vaxterisken
gavixede, amJamad sastveniani megobris Tvale-
bidan ridi da mxolod laqiebisTvis damax-
asiaTebeli mowiweba iRvreboda.

kabinetSi maspinZeli SemiZRva. magidaze Cemi

portmone da saaTi ido.

_ mobrZandiT, inebeT Tqveni nivTebi. gTxovT,

ai aq dabrZandiT _ lernerma savarZlisken
mimiTiTa.

_ giyoCaRiaT, Stabs-rotmistro.

180
_ arafer SuaSi var. ukacravad da, Tqven rom
sapyrobileSi CagsviT, sul ramdenime wuTSi
gareT saSineli ayalmayali atyda. vaxteri
ambis gasagebad gavida da Seecada moCxubre-
bis gazavebas. rogorc wesia, erTi-ori masac
moxvda. male yvelaferi Cawynarda. am aTiode
wuTis win ki Sarvlis jibeSi cxvirsaxocis
amosaRebad Cauyvia xeli da iq ai es avladi-
deba daxvda.

_ wesieri kaci yofila! _ gulSi ki gavifiqre:

“TvalTmaqcob, iankeleviC, vai, rom TvalTmaq-
cob. TaRliTebma saaTi da portmone, moma-
ciles Tu ara, albaT maSinaTve Semoagdes
gansakuTrebul ganyofilebaSi. sul cota,
erTi saaTi mainc mayuryute sakanSi, vidre
Cems sabuTebs detalurad ar gaecani da maTi
sinaRde ar gadaamowme.”

_ uwesoebs ar vaCerebT. naxeT, rame xom ar

aklia? vxvdebi, tfiliselma jibgirebma pati-
vi gvces, magram, magaTi wesis mixedviT, ga-
samrjelod raime Rirebuls daitovebdnen.

_ mxolod orasi rubli aklia. albaT am Tan-

xad Seafases: dakarguli dro, maTi ocrub-
liani spilenZis saaTi, wagebuli xurda _
esec, ha-ha, xuTi-eqvsi rublis da, rac gansa-
kuTrebiT Zvirfasia, “tilipuWurSi” mirTmeu-
li xaSi, zed arayi.

_ iumoris grZnobas ar kargavT, Cemo megoba-

ro. ras izam, ver daZraxav TaRliTebs. maTac
undaT cxovreba. axla metad usiamovno am-

181
bebze gadavideT, _ sevda Seepara xmaSi pinxus
iankeleviC lerners.

_ usiamovnebebiT namdvilad ver gamakvirvebT,

yvelafrisTvis mzad var, ar damindoT, sruli
simarTle miTxariT, _ ukve karg xasiaTze
viyavi da RimiliT wavaqeze maspinZeli.

_ parizSi depeSa gavgzavne, magram pasuxi ar

Cans da albaT arc iqneba. samagierod peter-
burgidan miviReT cirkularuli werili. vi-
dre Tqven tfilisamde CamoaRwevdiT, socia-
listma Jan Joresma moTxovniT mimarTa sa-
frangeTis parlaments da premier-ministri
JorJ klemenso iZulebuli gaxda, oficialu-
rad aekrZala sxva qveynis saidumlo poli-
ciis saqmianoba safrangeTis teritoriaze.
radganac iqauri kanoniT ruseTis imperiis
policiis departamentis sazRvargareTis saa-
gento ar arsebobs, Sesabamisad mas arc sa-
frangeTis telegrafi emsaxureba. ase rom
isini Cvens depeSas ver miiRebdnen. ras ity-
viT, rotmistro, gaqvT xalisi gaagrZeloT
ararsebuli samsaxuris davalebis Sesruleba
da am sicxeSi CaujdeT oflian saarqivo qa-
Raldebs? sanacvlod SemiZlia SemogTavazoT
orTaWalis kunZulze sardafis grili Rvino
da aqauri gemrieli kerZebi, polkovniki ba-
buSkini mogvianebiT SemogvierTdeba.

_ winadadeba macduria, gansakuTrebiT misi

grili Rvinis nawili, Tumca ver dageTanxme-
biT. parizis ganyofilebis oficialuri akr-
Zalva safrangeTis mTavrobis mier CvenTvis
182
brZaneba ar aris. sazRvargareTis agentura
saqmianobas aucileblad ganagrZobs oRond
farulad, rogorc Tundac ramdenime wlis
win iyo. amaSi absoluturad var darwmunebu-
li da amitomac gTxovT damexmaroT davale-
bis SesrulebaSi.

_ neba Tqvenia. Tavad ilia WavWavaZis saqme

sasamarTlos arqivisTvis ar dagvibrunebia,
xolo bankis gaZarcvis masalebi isedac Cven-
Tan inaxeboda. axla visadiloT da Semdeg im-
uSaveT, ramdenic gindaT.

_ Tu SeiZleba, davazustoT. ilia WavWavaZis

saqme Tu arqividan gamoiTxoveT da ar dagi-
brunebiaT, ese igi procesi ukve dasrulda? _
cudi ambavi migrZno gulma.

_ ras gulisxmobT?

_ ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis saqme ukve

daixura anu ganaCeni sabolooa?

_ ganaCeni sabolooa da 21 agvistos aResru-

la kidec!

_ ramdeni CamoaxrCves? _ ukve kargs arafers

velodi.

_ metexis cixeSi myofTagan _ samive, erTi

damnaSave manamde policias Semoakvda, erTic
26 ivliss sakanSi WleqiT gardaicvala da
meeqvse kvlav ZebnaSia.

_ Cemi guSindeli oreulis Sesaxeb ras mety-

viT? maxsovs, versiebi gqondaT, _ tfilisSi
183
mogzaurobis erTaderTi keTilSobiluri
miznis miRwevis Sansi: mepova da gadamerCina
udanaSaulo adamiani _ minimumamde Semcirda;
raRa maincadamainc is erTaderTi Zebnili iq-
neboda ucodveli am saqmeSi? axla abdaubdiT
vcdilobdi, gancdili kraxi ar gamomemJRav-
nebia.

_ mrcxvenia, magram gamogitydebiT da,

gTxovT, nu miwyenT. saocrad gavxarT erT
bandits _ simon arSakov ter-petrusovs, met-
saxelad kamos. marjvena Tvalis ferad
garsze TeTri libric getyobaT da gansaku-
Trebul ganyofilebaSi Tavxeduri gamocxade-
bac misi xelweraa.

_ TeTri libri ter-petrusovs 1907 wlis da-

sawyisSi bombis afeTqebis gamo gauCnda, me ki
bavSvobaSi xanZris Sedegad damrCa. mag kacze
sxva cnobebic maqvs da, Tu ar vcdebi, igi am-
Jamad germaniis cixeSi, dimitri mirskis sax-
eliT da gvariT elodeba mSobliuri qveynis
sapyrobileSi gadmosaxlebas, CamoxrCobis
perspeqtiviT, rasakvirvelia.

_ eg informacia mec mqonda, magram kamos

cixidan gaqcevebze iseTi legendebi dadis,
vifiqre, axlac xom ar gaeparaT-meTqi. dava-
zuste; sabednierod, igi, jerjerobiT, isev
germaniis cixeSia, Tumca Zalian male gad-
mogvcemen.

_ sxva vis SeeZlo guSin Cemi saxeliT gamoc-

xadeba da igive saqmeebiT daintereseba?

184
_ nu RelavT, Cemo megobaro, _ kvlav xali-
siani iyo lerneri. _ ar aris gamoricxuli,
is kaci isev Cveni uwyebis romelime ganyofi-
lebidan yofiliyo. axla oxrankaSi iseTi
domxalia, ver gaigeb, vin visi agentia.

_ mainc mgonia, rom raRac sxva ZalebTan

gvaqvs saqme. adamiani-aCrdili aq Cemi saxeliT
gamocxadda, es ki sagangaSoa, _ ganvacxade
xmamaRla. gulSi ki Rrmad Sevinaxe eWvi imis
Sesaxeb, rom am movlenebSi gartingis faruli
xeli urevia.

_ rogorc ityvian, saqmeebi wavlen da wamov-

len, SimSilis grZnoba, saWmlis moneleba da
tualetSi siaruli ki maradiulia. gTxovT,
erTi saaTiT gavideT, duqanSi sufra ukve
iSleba, SemosasvlelTan ki faetoni gvelo-
deba, _ am jerze kategoriuli iyo lerneri.

sul male mtkvris marjvena totze gadebul

sacalfexo xids mivadeqiT da saocrad gril
kunZulze, mdinaresTan axlos, CvenTvis sagan-
gebod gaSlil sufras mivusxediT. situacia
mecno, wamiT davfiqrdi da gamaxsenda: aqau-
roba Zalian hgavda duqan “tilipuWurSi” ga-
mofenil mRebav nikos naxatebs. ukve mesame
Wiqaze, movismine fraza, romelic, pinxus
lerneris TqmiT, qarTuli magiuri Zalis
mqone sibrZnea da mowinaaRmdegis srul ga-
niaraRebas iwvevs. igi sityva-sityviT ase
JRers: “sufraze wixls nu mikravT!”

185
 Tendeboda, faetonSi msxdomni: pinxus ler-
neri, polkovniki babuSkini, me, kintos tan-
sacmelSi gamowyobili mxiaruli mearRne da
sami kiskisa qalbatoni _ sastumro “lon-
dons” mivadeqiT. . .

186
 saxazino bankis Zarcvis Tarsi dRe

meore diliT aT saaTze kavkasiaSi misi

saimperatoro udidebulesobis mefisnacvlis
kancelariis gansakuTrebul ganyofilebaSi
mivedi. Stabs-rotmistri pinxus iankeleviC
lerneri iq damxvda da, Cemi ar iyos, isic
Tavs SesaniSnavad grZnobda. ar vici, aqauri
Rvinis, pur-marilis, havis, wylis Tu eSxiani
meZavis wyalobiT, naRvinevis usiamovno
SegrZnebebi ar mawuxebda da mzad viyavi mo-
valeobis Sesasruleblad. pativi mces da sa-
muSaod calke oTaxi gamomiyves.

tfilisSi 1907 wlis 13 ivniss bankis gaZarc-

vis saqmeze centrTan mimoweris da Tavdapir-
veli mokvlevis sakmaod vrceli dokumentacia
gaxldaT daculi. sabuTebi erT saqaRaldeSi
macdurad eteoda da bevri saidumlos gamxe-
las mpirdeboda.

187
 tfilisis samxareo sasamarTlos gansaku-
TrebiT mniSvnelovan saqmeTa gamomZieblis
petre iliaSenkos saqme saxelmwifo sabWos
wevris Tavad i. g. WavWavaZis mkvlelobis Se-
saxeb, dawyebis TariRi: 1907 wlis 1 seqtembe-
ri, damTavrebis TariRi: 1909 wlis 11 ivnisi,
ori tomad iyo akinZuli. pirveli tomi 288
(orasoTxmocdarva), xolo meore tomi 170 (as-
samocdaaT) gverds Seicavda. guSinwindeli
burusiT moculi SemTxvevis gamo, pirvel
rigSi gverdebis raodenoba gadavTvale. rac
ar unda ucnauri iyos, yvelaferi wesrigSi
aRmoCnda: furclebi ar aklda da dokumen-
tebs, rogorc gamomZiebeli ityoda, daziane-
bis garegnuli niSnebi ar aReniSneboda. ra-
tomRac darwmunebuli viyavi, rom am qaRal-
debis dastaSi aucileblad wavawydebodi
ilia WavWavaZis ukanasknel sityvebsac. dava-
leba, es erTi SexedviTac Canda, did dros
waiRebda. marTali giTxraT, gamaoca Cemi
idumali winamorbedis sisxartem da mis mi-
marT interesi kidev ufro gamimZafrda. Tu
mas erTi dasWirda, me sruli sami dRe movan-
dome qaRaldebis Seswavlas; saqmisTvis ara-
nakleb mniSvnelovani gamodga polkovnik
vladimer babuSkinTan da Stabs-rotmistr
pinxus lernerTan gatarebuli saRamoebi.
swored maTi daxmarebiT miviRe uamrav kiTx-
vaze pasuxi; meoTxe dRe biblioTekaSi adgi-
lobrivi presis gacnobas movaxmare. gamaoca
Jurnal-gazeTebSi gabatonebulma versiam
ilia WavWavaZis bolos warmoTqmuli frazis
Sesaxeb. yvela oratori Tu werilis avtori

188
erTxmad amtkicebda, TiTqos saxelmwifo sab-
Wos wevris mier ukanasknelad warmoTqmuli
fraza iyo yaCaRebisadmi mimarTva: “ras Cadix-
arT, ilia var!” arada, saqmis masalebiT sul
sxva ram dasturdeba. marTalia, rom didi
adamianebis cxovrebis detalebis mistifika-
cia xdeba xolme, magram gaugebaria, am
SemTxvevaSi, ratom gadawyda brwyinvale rea-
lobis uniWo gamonagoniT Canacvleba?

gonebaSi moxsenebiTi baraTis konturebi ga-

moikveTa; mgoni, gartingis saidumlo agentis
kvalzec gavedi; vgrZnobdi, parizeli Sefi
kmayofili darCeboda; cnobierebis Soreul
labirinTebSi ibadeboda cTuneba bankis ga-
Zarcvasa da ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobas So-
ris raRac idumali kavSiris arsebobis Sesax-
ebac, magram am sakiTxze Camoyalibebuli azri
jerjerobiT ar mqonda. sastumroSi davbrun-
di; baTumis matareblis gasvlamde didi dro
iyo. gamomZieblebis saqaRaldeebidan, Jurnal-
gazeTebidan amonawerebiT da babuSkin-
lerneris wyvilisgan mopovebuli informa-
ciiT daxunZluli wignaki oTaxSi magidaze
davde da patakis wera daviwye:

“policiis departamentis sazRvargareTis

agenturis ufross rotmistr v. andreevs

1907 wlis 13 ivniss, dilis TerTmet saaTze,

tfilisSi, qalaqis centrSi, graf paskeviC-
erivanskis moedanze, fostis sadguridan sax-
elmwifo bankSi fulis gadatanis dros, kar-
gad dacul or etls Tavs daesxnen SeiaraRe-
189
buli pirebi; afeTqda Svidi bombi, isrodnen
revolverebidanac. Tavdasxmis Sedegad
mokles ori gorodovoi da sami kazaki; dai-
Wra ori kazaki da erTi qveiTi msroleli;
sxvadasxva dazianeba miiRo Teqvsmetma gam-
vlelma. gatacebulia fuli tomrebiT da
Tavdamsxmelebi moxerxebulad miimalnen. ai
mxolod es informacia aris utyuari im saq-
mis Sesaxeb arsebuli masalebidan.

axla mogaxsenebT, Tu ra cnobebia bundovani,

urTierTgamomricxavi, sxvadasxva Sinaarsis,
aralogikuri da saeWvo;

gatacebuli Tanxis raodenoba

policiis departamentSi gagzavnil Tavis

pirvel depeSaSi gansakuTrebuli ganyofile-
bis ufrosi babuSkini axsenebs 350 000 rubls;
imave dRes meore daSifrul depeSaSi es ci-
fri Seicvala 250 000 rubliT. Semdeg presaSi
gamoqveynda konkretuli cifri: 270 780 rubli
da 25 kapiki _ 1, 10, 25, 50 da 100-rubliani ku-
piurebiT; sul male tfilisis meaTe polici-
uri ubnis teritoriaze, pirveli msroleli
batalionis yazarmebTan axlos, rkinigzis
gaswvriv, ipoves ori tomara; erTs ewera “ 150
000 rubli”, meores _ “90 000 rubli” anu jam-
Si 240 000 rubli. saxelmwifo bankis mmarT-
190
velis d. bezobrazovis oficialur gancxade-
baSi ki naTqvamia, rom gatacebulia: xuTrub-
lianebi sul 50 000-is, aTrublianebi 50 000-is,
ocdaxuTrublianebi 50 000-is, xuTasrublia-
nebi 100 000-is. gamoqveynda xuTasrubliani ku-
piurebis seria АМ da nomrebi: 62901_63000;
63701_63800. pirvelsave dRes meetlis saxlSi
ipoves boxCa 9 900 dazianebuli, xmarebidan
amoRebuli rubliT.

arada fuls Tvla da sizuste uyvars.

versiebi gamtacebelTa vinaobis Sesaxeb

1. mefisnacvlis kancelariis gansakuTrebuli

ganyofilebis ufrosma polkovnikma
babuSkinma 15 ivniss peterburgs acnoba:
“jerjerobiT ara gvaqvs monacemebi imis
Sesaxeb, rom danaSauli Cadenilia
politikuri partiebis mier.” 19 ivnisis
daSifrul depeSaSi ki naTqvamia: “agentura
gansakuTrebulad adevnebs Tvals xuT
anarqists, romelTa monawileoba
eqspropriaciaSi ueWvelad miaCniaT.”
2. rigis oxrankis ufrosis patakidan: “mogve-
poveba agenturis miTiTebebi, rom tfilisis
Zarcva organizebulia ara revoluciuri
partiebis, aramed Tavad Cinovnikebis mier”;
3. vilnos oxrankis ufross miaCnda, rom
tfilisis eqspropriacia ganxorcielebulia
socialis-revolucionerebis mfrinavi razmis
da socialistebis polonuri partiis mier;

191
4. xarkovis oxranka varaudobda, rom tfili-
sis Zarcva organizebulia eserTa centralu-
ri komitetis mier;

5. rostovis oxrankis azriT: “bankze Tavdasx-

maSi monawile anarqistebis nawili ukve ros-
tovSi Cavida”;
6. odesis oxrankis ufrosis patakSi katego-
riulad iyo naTqvami: “sando agenturuli
cnobebiT, tfilisis eqspropriacia ganaxor-
ciela somxurma revoluciurma organizaciam
“daSnakcutunma”;
7. moskovis oxranka ki amtkicebda, rom am saq-
meSi maqsimalistebis xeli urevia;

8. 25 ivnisis babuSkinis pataki: “gamoZiebiT

dasturdeba, rom saxazino transportze
Tavdasxma bandit-anarqistebis mieraa
Cadenili da am saqmeSi politikuri partiebis
xeli ar urevia. social-demokratiulma
partiam werilobiT uaryo msgavs
RonisZiebebSi monawileoba da aRniSna
revoluciis saqmisTvis eqspropriaciebis
sazianoba”.
cota ar iyos ucnauria, rodesac imperiis
oxrankis sxvadasxva qalaqebis ganyofilebe-
bis azri erTsadaimave movlenaze ase radika-
lurad gansxvavdeba. rogorc wesi, sistemas
erTianoba axasiaTebs da yvelani erTi ofi-
cialuri versiis mxardamWerebi varT xolme.
ar unda gamovricxoT, rom oxrankis mravalx-
mianoba xelovnuria.
192
ucnauri wayrueba

moskovis oxrankam 1907 wlis 3 agvistos ukve

zustad icis, Tu vin gaZarcva tfilisis banki.
ai amonaweri maT mier policiis departament-
Si wardgenili patakidan; “amJamad sruliad
zustadaa cnobili, rom 13 ivniss tfilisSi
250 000 rublis gataceba moxda ruseTis so-
cial-demokratiuli partiis tfilisis orga-
nizaciis bolSevikebis mier, zogierTi adgi-
lobrivi organizaciis wevrebis xelSewyobiT.
mogvepoveba monacemebi, rom ZarcvaSi monawi-
leTa mimarT, partiuli disciplinis darRve-
visTvis, mosalodnelia amxanaguri sasamar-
Tlo ganxilva.”
ucnauria, magram faqtia, 3 agvistomde, vi-
dre moskovis oxranka “daadgenda” eqspro-
priaciaSi bolSevikebis monawileobas, da mas
Semdegac, policiis departamentSi sistema-
turad Sedioda informacias tfilisSi gata-
cebul fulTan erTad vinme kamos gadaadgi-
lebis Sesaxeb:

1.“ mTeli ivlisi da agvistos pirveli nax-

evari” kamo imyofeboda fineTSi vladimer
ulianovis agarakze, sadac ganixileboda ga-
tacebuli fulis gadacvlis sakiTxi. mxolod
mas Semdeg, rac bolSevikebis erT-erTma li-
derma maqsim litvinovma naZarcvi Tanxa evro-
paSi gaitana, kamo tovebs ulianovis agaraks;

rogorc Cans, oxranka dumiliT adevnebda

Tvals naZarcvi fulis gadaadgilebas jer

193
imperiis sivrceSi da Semdeg sazRvrebs gare-
Tac.

2. 4/17 oqtombers kamo Cadis berlinSi av-

striis qveSevrdomis dimitri mirskis paspor-
tiT;

3. 27 oqtombers//9 noembers dimitri mirski-

kamo daapatimra germaniis policiam. berlin-
Si, elzasStrase 44-Si mdebare mis binaSi
ipoves didi raodenobiT iaraRi, asafeTqebe-
li nivTierebebi.

4. kamos germaniaSi dakavebidan meoTxe dRes,

1907 wlis 31 oqtombers//13 noembers, gartingma
policiis departaments acnoba mirskis dapa-
timrebis Sesaxeb. cnobaSi miTiTebulia met-
saxeli kamo da Tan erTvis foto. ganmarteba-
Si gartingi iZleva, erTi SexedviT amomwurav,
informacias kamo-mirskis Sesaxeb: somexi, 26
wlis, goreli. mama xivis laSqrobaSi mona-
wileobda, im dros gamdidrda, magram Semdeg
gakotrda; deda WleqiT gardaicvala, hyavs
sami da. bolSeviki, revoluciur saqmianobas
eweva 8-9 wlis asakidan; monawileobda sa-
qarTvelos samxedro gzaze momxdar eqspro-
priaciaSi, xomald “zoraTi” ruseTis teri-
toriaze iaraRis ukanono SemotanaSi; tfili-
sis eqsamde “cota xniT adre gaiqca baTumis
cixidan.”
daujerebelia, magram saqmis masalebSi asea:
arkadi mixailoviC gartingma, romelmac kamo-
mirskize isic ki icis, rom mamamisi 1873 wels

194
xvarazmelTa winaaRmdeg laSqrobis monawi-
lea, policiis departaments mimarTa TxovniT,
gaerkviaT kamos namdvili saxeli da gvari.
gartingis qceva xom saeWvoa, magram kidev
ufro saocaria policiis departamentis moq-
medeba:
kamo-mirskis namdvili vinaobis dadgenis
TxovniT departamentma operatiulad 1907
wlis 1//14 noembers weriliT mimarTa kavka-
siaSi misi udidebulesobis kancelariis gan-
sakuTrebuli ganyofilebis ufross, polkov-
nik babuSkins, Tan daurTo kamos foto. ba-
buSkinma ver daadgina misi namdvili vinaoba.
arada, policiis departamentSi da tfilisis
gansakuTrebul ganyofilebaSic inaxeboda
cirkulari 1904 wlidan Zebnili kamos metsax-
eliT, saxeliT, gvariT, mamis saxeliT, sruli
aRwerilobiT da saWiro iyo misi fotosTan
Sedareba.

1908 wlis 16 Tebervals policiis departa-

mentma igive TxovniT _ daedginaT kamos namd-
vili vinaoba _ kvlav mimarTa tfiliss, am
jerze kavkasiis raionul oxrankas, oRond
axla daazusta, rom kamo bankis gaZarcvamde
“cota xniT adre gaiqca baTumis cixidan.”

polkovnikma eriominma, romelic maSin kavka-

siis raionuli oxrankis da imavdroulad
Jandarmeriis ufrosi iyo, werili gagzavna
baTumSi da moiTxova 1907 wels cixidan gaq-
ceulTa sia. baTumidan pasuxSi kamos gvari

195
ver moxvda im ubralo mizeziT, rom igi am
cixidan gaiqca ara 1907, aramed _ 1904 wels!

Semdeg movlenebi ase ganviTarda: 1908 wlis

1 marts quTaisis cixis patimarma arsena kor-
siZem gasca tfilisis eqsSi monawileebi da
maT Soris “kamo somexi”. korsiZes germaniaSi
dapatimrebuli dimitri mirskis foto warud-
gines mxolod 1908 wlis 22 aprils da man
amoicno ter-petrusovi. miuxedavad amisa, po-
liciis departamentisTvis kamos saxeli da
gvari, polkovnik eriominis dagvianebuli we-
rilis meSveobiT, cnobili gaxda mxolod 1908
wlis 3 ivniss. 1908 wlis ivnisi! es TariRi
sainteresoa sxva TvalsazrisiTac.

ucnauri fuli da dapatimrebebis aranakleb

ucnauri qronika

tfilisSi naZarcv fuls erTi Tavisebureba

axasiaTebda. 100 000 rubli iyo xuTasrublia-
ni kupiurebiT, romelTa seria da nomrebi ma-
Sinve gamoqveynda da cnobili gaxda imperiis
bankebisTvis. ase rom, maTi oficialuri ga-
dacvla ruseTSi SeuZlebeli Seiqna. proble-
mis arss srulad gadmoscems gartingis 1907
wlis 29 noembris pataki: “am zafxuls bolSe-
vikebis mier eqspropriirebuli xuTasiani bi-
leTebiT 100 000 rublis savaraudo gadac-
vlasTan dakavSirebiT gacnobebT, rom pariz-
Si myofi bolSeviki “viqtori”, romelic aq
cxovrobs Ser adolfis saxeliT, araerTxel
aris SemCneuli rogorc social-
demokratebis, aseve anarqistebis mier eqspro-
196
priirebuli fulis gadacvlaSi. igi amas
axerxebs ruseTis provinciul bankebSi nac-
nobebis meSveobiT. . . amgvari gadacvlebis
Sedegad revolucionerebs ubrundebaT fulis
mcire nawili, umetesi Tanxa, sakomisio xar-
jebis saxiT, rCebodaT “viqtors” da am ga-
dacvlaSi monawile sxva pirebs. bolSevikebs
amJamad, zustadaa cnobili, aqvT 100 000 rub-
li, romelic kamos mier eqspropriirebulia
tfilisSi da es Tanxa, SesaZloa, inaxeba
s.peterburgSi “nikitiCTan”. bolSevikebs aqvT
ori gegma. pirveli: gadacvla ganaxorcielon
erTsadaimave dRes Sveicariis qalaqebSi da
meore: es fuli gadacvalon erTdroulad
ruseTis provinciul qalaqebSi.”
(“viqtoris” namdvili saxelia bolSeviki
viqtor taratuta, xolo “nikitiCi” gaxlavT
bolSevikebis centraluri komitetis wevri
leonid krasini).

axla Tvali mivadevnoT dapatimrebebis sain-

tereso istorias:

tfilisis bankis ZarcvasTan dakavSirebul

pirTagan pirvelad daapatimres misi Semsru-
lebeli kamo igive simon arSakov ter-
petrusovi 1907 wlis 27 oqtombers//9 noem-
bers, berlinSi, oRond didi raodenobiT ia-
raRisa da asafeTqebeli nivTierebis Senax-
visTvis.

Semdegi dakavebebi moxda am TanmimdevrobiT:

197
 1908 wlis 17 ianvari, parizi _ maqsim litvi-
novi (maRali rangis bolSeviki). aRmoaCnda
tfilisSi naZarcvi 12 cali xuTasrubliani
banknoti: АМ 62951-62960, 63717-63718;

18 ianvari, miunxeni _ sara raviCi (bolSeviki),

gadacvala ori banknoti: 63791 da 63792;

18 ianvari, miunxeni _ tigran bagdasariani

(bolSeviki), Tan hqonda 15 banknoti:
63771_63780 da 63784_63790;

18 ianvari, miunxeni _ migrant xodiamirianci

(bolSeviki), 18 ianvars diliT StutgardSi
gadacvala banknoti: 63781;

marti, fineTi _ leonid krasini (bolSevike-

bis centraluri komitetis wevri);

marti, peterburgi _ grigor zinovievi (bol-

Sevikebis centraluri komitetis wevri);

aprili _ lev kamenevi (bolSevikebis centra-

luri komitetis wevri);

dakavebulTagan veravis daumtkices tfili-

sis ZarcvaSi monawileoba da 1908 wlis iv-
nisSi, maSin rodesac policiis departamentma
didi “wvalebiT” daadgina, rom kamo yofila
simon arSakov ter-petrusovi, dapatimrebul
bolSevikTagan mxolod igi darCa cixeSi.

CvenTvis cnobili saidumlo TanamSromle-

bidan operaciaSi moqmedebda piri, romelmac
bolo etapze gartings gadasca gatacebuli

198
xuTasrubliani kupiurebis mniSvnelovani na-
wili. am pirovnebis agenturuli saxelia
“dode”. igi aqamde umwikvlo reputaciiT sar-
geblobda bolSevikebSi da SeiZleba, am pro-
vokaciis Sedegad, seriozuli ziani miadges;
gamodis, rom agent “dodes” dacva ar iyo
policiis departamentisTvis mniSvnelovani
amocana. savaraudod, saidumlo operaciaSi
monawileobda masze ufro mniSvnelovani piri;
ufro metic, 1907 wlis 13 ivniss tfilisis
bankis gaZarcvis saqmis masalebidan Tval-
naTlad Cans, rom masSi, “dodes” garda, aqti-
urobda social-demokratiuli partiis maRal
eSelonebSi moRvawe policiis departamentis
ramdenime agenti, romelTagan, SesaZloa, gar-
tingis piradi saidumlo TanamSromlebic iyv-
nen: leonid krasini, viqtor taratuta, maqsim
litvinovi da simon arSakov ter-petrusovi.
gansakuTrebul yuradRebas imsaxurebs es
ukanaskneli. burusiT mocul kamos cixidan
gaqcevebSi, gamouvali situaciebidan sruliad
alogikur gamosvlebSi, imperiisa da evropis
teritoriaze mowesrigebuli dokumentaciiT
gadaadgilebaSi, mis gmirobebze kargad day-
ril xmebSi ikveTeba policiis departamentis
uxilavi mfarveli xeli arseboba.

yovelive zemoTTqmulidan gamomdinare, da-

saSvebad mimaCnia varaudi, rom tfilisis
bankis Zarcva iyo gartingis xelmZRvanelobiT
Cafiqrebuli da policiis departamentis
garkveuli wreebis mier mxardaWerili gansa-
kuTrebuli operacia, romlis mizanSewonilo-
ba da Sedegebic erTob saeWvoa.”
199
 axali SefisTvis sasiamovno talRaze davam-
Tavre moxsenebiTi baraTi.

mcxeTis boqaul kolia markoviCis moC-

venebebi

imave saRamos tfilisi-baTumis matareblis

kupeSi mjdomi guldawyvetili vtovebdi sao-
car qalaqs.

axla saxelmwifo sabWos wevris ilia WavWa-

vaZis mkvlelobis Sesaxeb moxseneba unda mo-
memzadebina; am saqmidan uxilavi gorglis Za-
fi, jerjerobiT, 1907 wlis 13 ivniss tfi-
lisSi mdebare saxelmwifo bankze Tavdasxmis
monawileebisken meqaCeboda.

ras vifiqrebdi, Tu movlenebi sul sxvag-

varad ganviTardeboda da Cems cxovrebaSi
ucnauri formiT moxdeboda is, ris Tavidan
acilebasac maiZulebda TviTgadarCenis,
TviTdamkvidrebis, konformizmis aqamde ga-
daulaxavi Zala.

orTqlmavalma ikivla da qoSiniT gaiyola

oTxi vagoni. kupeSi marto viyavi, fanjris
farda gadavwie da uneblieT kvlav vagzlis
mosacdel darbazSi Sesasvlelisken gameqca
Tvali. iq, mtredis skoreTi savse oyniT Seia-
raRebuli, puSkinis poeziis moyvaruli patara
megobari, JRvintliani TamSuki idga da vago-
nebs sevdianad miacilebda. Cveni mzera ga-

200
daikveTa, mgoni, micno da gaxarebulma xeli
damiqnia. vagzlis baqani miilia, cota xanSi
qalaqis Suqebic gaqra. matarebeli umTvaro
Ramis ukuns miapobda, moxuciviT oxravda,
xvneSoda da CifCifebda. mis mier gamoSvebuli
TeTri orTqli ki sxvadasxva formis aCrdi-
lebad efineboda aremares. iseTi grZnoba da-
meufla TiTqos, Cemi samSoblos erT-erT
provinciul qalaqs ki ara, patara zRapruli
samefos dedaqalaqs davemSvidobe, Tanac sa-
mudamod. ukve vicodi, riTac gansxvavdeboda
es samyaro. ara Tu aqaurebi, aramed aq mcxo-
vrebi rusebic ki sxva yofis, sxva kulturis,
sxvagvarad moazrovneebi arian. guli damwyda,
es ucxo qveyanaa da igi arasodes gaxdeba ru-
seTi.

matareblis fanjaras movSordi, qveda Ta-

roze gaviSxlarTe da mxolod axlaRa
mivxvdi, rogor davRlilvar; CavTvlime.

Cabnelebul kupeSi uxmod Semovidnen; orni

iyvnen. saxes yabalaxi ufaravdaT. erTi Cems
Tavze mdebare sawolze acocda, meore ki qve-
da Taroze Camojda da yuradRebiT damakvir-
da. ise viyavi gasavaTebuli, quTuToebis gaxs-
nac mezareboda da maT moZraobebs wamwamebq-
veSidan vadevnebdi Tvals. sakvoiaJi da Cemo-
dani sabargulSi mqonda da, Tu qurdebi iyv-
nen, Cemi wamoyenebis gareSe ver miwvdebodnen.
mSvidad ganvagrZe Tvlema. ver vityvi, kupeSi
stumrebis gamoCenidan, ramdeni dro gavida,
rodesac win mjdomma yabalaxi Seixsna, xelSi
saidanRac gauCnda Calis qudi, romelic
201
Sublze Camoifxata, Cemsken daixara da
frTxilad Semexo marcxena mxarze:

_ megobaro, mapatieT, aucilebloba moiTxovs,

Torem ar SegawuxebdiT.

pasuxis gacema ar mindoda da Tvlema gan-

vagrZe. aramkiTxe Tanamgzavri axla ufro mo-
miaxlovda da lamis marcxena yurSi CamCur-
Cula:

_ Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, gaiRviZeT!

Rame ukuni iyo, Tumca misi saxis konturebi

mainc gavarCie da rogorc ki gaviazre, vin
melaparakeboda, wamoxtoma vcade. Tanamgzavr-
ma mkerdze xeli damaWira da sawols mimajaW-
va. gavuZaliandi, magram ver gavinZeri.

_ Tqveno maRalkeTilSobilebav, an gaiRviZeT,

an mxari icvaleT, Torem ise borgavT da
xrotinebT, rogorc Cans, ZarRvebis gadaket-
vis Sedegad kidurebs sisxli aRar miewodeba,
_ axla aSkarad ufro mkafiod gavigone.

gabruebuli wamovjeqi, ucnobs TvalebSi

Sevxede. ara, es ar iyo tfilisis vagzlis
moCveneba anu Cemi oreuli, Tumca, marTali
giTxraT, cotaTi mgavda.

_ Rame mSvidobisa, megobaro! _ momesma zemo-

dan uaRresad sasiamovno tembri, romelic
mxolod maRali sazogadoebis adamianebs axa-
siaTebT. _ keTili iyos Cveni erTad mgzavro-
ba! _ imdenad daxvewili iyo TiToeuli bgera,

202
rom am fonetikis mflobeli aSkarad uaqcen-
tod ilaparakebda aramarto rusulad da mis
ararusobas mxolod bgeraTa JReradobis gan-
sakuTrebuli akademiurobis gamo Tu mixvde-
boda msmeneli.

_ mapatieT, batonebo, CamZinebia da ver moge-

salmeT, _ TiTqos vipove situaciidan gamosa-
vali, _ neba miboZeT warmogidgeT: rotmistri
. . .

_ Bbenoni, Zvirfaso, _ kvlav momnusxvelad

moisma zemodan. _ Cveni saubari Sinauruli
unda iyos. sxvagvarad mas azri ar aqvs da
amitomac daviviwyoT Cin-medlebi da regalie-
bi. am Rames Tqven iqnebiT benoni da ara be-
niamini.

_ benoni? _ vin brZandebiT an saidan iciT Ce-

mi bavSvobis saxeli, romliTac mxolod deda
da bebo mommarTavdnen? _ amgvar situaciaSi
sxva dros albaT gavbrazdebodi, magram uc-
nobis dayvavebulma saubarma mec mSvidi da
Tvinieri gamxada.

_ sarekomendacio gzavniliT movediT. mag

axalgazrda kacs hqvia spiridoni, me ki, Tqve-
ni nebarTviT, ucnobad davrCebi, radganac
namdvili saxelis Tqmis ufleba ara maqvs.

_ Tu gadmomcemT, werils gavecnobi da migu-

leT Tqvens samsaxurSi.

_ sityvieri gzavnili gvaqvs.

203
_ ukacravad, magram ucxo adamianebs mxolod
sityvaze nu endobio, maswavlida is qalbato-
ni, romlis Serqmeuli saxeliTac mommarTeT.

_ Cven im adamianis megobrebi varT, vinc Tavis

qadagebebs asrulebs Semdegi sityvebiT: “gax-
sovdeT, ra urCia ieremiam babilonSi gada-
saxlebul iudevelebs.”

_ Tqven Tu iciT, ra urCia ieremiam iudeve-

lebs? _ ar damviwyebia dedis rCeva, arasodes
warmomeTqva ieremias sityvebi sxvebis Tanda-
swrebiT da amitomac vcade, gamerkvia, iyvnen
Tu ara igive ficiT Sekrulebi Cemi moulod-
neli da ucnauri Tanamgzavrebi.

_ “mudam izruneT im qalaqis keTildReo-

bisTvis, romelSic gadagasaxleT da iloceT
misTvis RvTis winaSe: rameTu misi keTil-
dReobis SemTxvevaSi, Tqvenc moipovebT mSvi-
dobas,” _ dinjad warmosTqva zeda Taroze
myofma.

ieremias naTqvami dedam maswavla da Cems

cnobierebaSi misi hangebiT da intonaciiT Se-
movinaxe. dedaCemiseuli varianti ufro
vrceli iyo:

“ager gamoCnda sxivi mstovrisa, romelic

gvavsebs kdemamosilebiT, bednierebiT,
msxmoiarobiT. midiT, SeuerTdiT, erTi wuTiT
ascdiT gaSlil almebs. gisurvebT RmerTis
siyvaruls.

204
 mudam izruneT im qalaqis keTildReobisT-
vis, romelSic gadagasaxleT da iloceT
misTvis RvTis winaSe: rameTu misi keTil-
dReobis SemTxvevaSi, Tqvenc moipovebT mSvi-
dobas.”

ucnobis warmoTqmuls pirveli nawili akl-

da. wamiT davfiqrdi. diax, axla yvelaferi
cxadi Seiqna. dedaCemis teqsti saidumlos
malavda da Tanac martivad. albaT amitom
amikrZala misi warmoTqma sxvebis Tandaswre-
biT. ieremias sityvebi ori abzacisgan Sedge-
boda, romelTagan pirveli iyo SeniRbuli,
cifri 2 ki _ Sifris gasaRebi. ai Turme ra
advili yofila yvelaferi: “ager gamoCnda
sxivi mstovrisa, romelic gvavsebs kdemamo-
silebiT, bednierebiT, msxmoiarobiT. midiT,
SeuerTdiT, erTi wuTiT ascdiT gaSlil al-
mebs. gisurvebT RmerTis siyvaruls.” anu si-
tyvebis meore asoebiT Sedgenili fraza
gaxldaT: “g-a-x-s-o-v-d-e-s i-e-r-u-s-a-l-i-m-i”
_ ai namdvili gzavnili, romelic, daviT ben
Smuel fridmanis TqmiT, im dRidan mec mex-
eboda. rogorc Cans, gangebis neba iyo aseTi:
am ucnaur Ramemde ar unda damejerebina, rom
mec ebraeli var.

_ batonebo, miTxariT, amJamad sad vimyofe-

biT? _ mominda gamego im adgilis saxelwo-
deba, sadac qvecnobierma, rogorc iqna, im-
arjva, vaRiare, rom rusi ki ara, ebraeli var
da Cemi warmoSobis ukve aRar meSinoda.

205
_ mcxeTaSi, Zvirfaso! es miwa inaxavs ori
aqauri ebraelis _ eliozis da longinozis
mier Camotanil qristes kvarTs, _ gasaocar
Zalas mmatebda uxilavi adamianis xma

_ gmadlobT, batonebo, gmadlobT.

_ es ki Tqveni Zveli nacnobis sarekomendacio

werilia. spiridon, mgoni, droa! gTxov ga-
dasce!

kupeSi vercxlisferi Suqi SemoiWra da

iqaurobas idumaleba Sehmata. arada, Rame
namdvilad umTvaro iyo. es zustad vicodi.
furcels davxede, fosforSereuli melniT
garkveviT ewera: “benoni, es adamiani, romel-
mac icis ieremias danabarebi, Cveni megobaria.
Zia daviTma mogikiTxa. Seni xaim azriel veic-
mani.”

xaimi pinskis realuri saswavlebelidan Tma-

qoCora biWad maxsovda. am zamTars londonSi
rom vnaxe, ukve TiTqmis gamelotebuliyo,
Zlivs vicani.

206
_ batonebo! CemTvis Zalian didi mniSvneloba
aqvs am werils da ieremias sityvebs. mjera,
ukanonos arafers mTxovT. mimsaxureT.

_ TqvenTvis cnobilia Tu ara mizezi, ris ga-

moc oxrankas SeeZlo moekla ilia WavWavaZe?
_ pirdapir saqmeze gadavida spiridoni.

_ ras gulisxmobT?

_ Tundac mis politikur Sexedulebebs.

_ Tavadi ilia WavWavaZe brZandeboda saxelm-

wifo sabWos wevri. am Tanamdebobaze damtki-
ceba piradad misi udidebulesobis imperator
nikoloz meoris mier xdeba. policiis depar-
tamentSi Cvens uwyebas oficialurad dacvis
ganyofileba hqvia da misi upirvelesi amocana
yovelTvis iyo swored xelmwifis, misi brZa-
nebebis Tu erTguli qveSevrdomebis dacva.

_ benoni, paTetika mosawyeni da arafrismom-

cemia. Tqvens uwyebaSi arsebobs nacionaluri
partiebis ganyofileba. ilia WavWavaZis saq-
mianobisadmi swored am ganyofilebis damo-
kidebuleba gvainteresebs, _ miuxedavad kate-
goriulobisa, ucnobis xma mxolod sasiamov-
no grZnobebs aRZravda.

_ Tu Tqven fiqrobT, rom ilia WavWavaZe

oxrankas saSiS nacionalistad miaCnda, es ase
ar yofila. marTalia, 1894 wels tfilisis
Jandarmeriis mer policiis departamentSi
gagzavnili patakSi ilia WavWavaZe dasaxele-
bulia erovnuli moZraobis xelmZRvanelad,
207
magram SemdegSi es azri oxrankaSi ar damkvi-
drebula. Tanmimdevrulad mivyveT:

1898 weli. policiis departamentis monaceme-

biT, qarTvel nacionalistebs Soris gansaku-
Trebul rols TamaSoben Tavadebi ivane ami-
laxvari da giorgi bagration-davidovi, xolo
nacionalistebis maRal Tanamdebobebze da-
niSnvebi warmoebda “peterburgSi myofi vinme
Tavad nakaSiZis daxmarebiT.” tfilisis Jan-
darmeriis patakSi naxsenebi es nakaSiZe gax-
lavT kavaleriis generali aleqsandre davi-
Tis Ze. sxvaTa Soris, misi Svili mixeili
pirveli rusuli javSanmanqanis “nakaSiZe-
Seronis” Semqmnelia.

1899 wels, martis dasawyisSi quTaisSi qarT-

velma nacionalistebma: dadeSqelianma, zdane-
viCma, qorqaSvilma, Tumanovma, xundaZem, were-
Telma _ moiTxoves kavkasiaze saerobo TviTm-
marTvelobis gavrceleba, riTac Jandarmeriis
yuradReba daimsaxures. 1900 wlis noemberSi
isev quTaisSi, zdaneviCis saxlSi Tavadma da-
208
viT miqelaZem pirdapir daayena ruseTisgan
saqarTvelos gamoyofis sakiTxi. 1901 wlis 24
aprils ki miqelaZem es moTxovna guberniis
Tavad-aznaurobis sxdomaze gaaxmovana. 1905
wlis 1 aprils tfilisis guberniis Tavad-
aznauroba jambakur-orbelianis meTaurobiT
SeuerTda am ideas. ramdenime dReSi, Tu ar
vcdebi 9 aprils, Tavadma simon wereTelma
daazusta is teritoriebi, romliTac saqarT-
velo ruseTs gamoeyofoda: tfilisis guber-
nia, quTaisis gubernia, baTumis mxare, soxumis
da zaqaTalas olqebi. ai, batonebo, vin arian,
oxrankis monacemebiT, qarTveli nacionalis-
tebi.

_ saocaria, nuTu oxranka ar SeSfoTda 1906

wels ilia WavWavaZis mier saqarTvelos demo-
kratiuli partiis programis SeqmniT. am po-
litikuri gaerTianebis gacxadebuli mizani
xom saqarTvelos avtonomia iyo? _ spiridons
aRelveba Seetyo.

_ saqarTvelos, iseve rogorc somxeTis an ba-

qos saTaTreTis avtonomiebis ideaze msjelo-
bebi, srulad Tavsebadia graf ilarion vo-
roncov-daSkovis mier SemuSavebul kavkasiis
marTvis koncefciasTan. avtonomiaze saubrebi
erTgvari orTqlis gamoSvebis saSualebaa.
voroncov-daSkovs miaCnia, rom arsebuli
erovnuli partiebis mimarT represiuli damo-
kidebuleba TanamSromlobiT unda Seicvalos.
nacionalur partiebs hgoniaT, rom Tavisi
eris interesebs emsaxurebian, magram isic ga-
saTvaliswinebelia, Tu ra hgonia voroncov-
209
daSkovs. grafi ki darwmunebulia, rom Za-
luZs nacionaluri energiis ruseTis imperiis
gasafarToeblad warmarTva. somxebs, qarTve-
lebs da TaTrebs, voroncov-daSkovis Teo-
riiT, ekisrebaT TurqeTsa da sparseTSi maTi
TanamoZmeebiT dasaxlebuli teritoriebis
ruseTis imperiisTvis SemoerTebis funqcia.

_ ese igi gamoricxavT ilia WavWavaZis

mkvlelobaSi saxelmwifos monawileobas?
_kvlav kategoriuli iyo spiridoni.

_ gamoricxvis ra mogaxsenoT, magram saxelm-

wifos mxridan mkvlelobis motivebs namdvi-
lad ver vxedav. Tanac arasasurvel adamianTa
mosaSoreblad bevrad ufro daxvewil meTo-
debs viyenebT, vidre yaCaRuri Tavdasxmaa. gana
TqvenTvis sakmarisi ar aris ilia WavWavaZis
mkvlelobis saqmeze sasamarTlos gamomZieb-
lis mier dadgenili damnaSaveebis sia: giorgi
xizaniSvili (CamoaxrCves), Tedo labauri (Ca-
moaxrCves), gigola moZRvriSvili (cixeSi
gardaicvala), pavle fSavliSvili (moklulia
Cafrebis mier), ivane inaSvili (CamoaxrCves),
ermile doliZe (TavdebiTaa gaTavisuflebu-
li), gigola berbiWaSvili (Zebnilia)?

_ ilias mkvleloba gansakuTrebuli intere-

sis sagania, am saqmis yvela detali mniSvne-
lovania. Tavad gansazRvreT is informacia,
ris mowodebasac CaTvliT saWirod, _ simS-
vide SesZina saubars ucnobma.

210
_ batonebo, rac me vici am saqmis Sesaxeb,
TqvenTvis ramdenime dRis win iyo cnobili.

_ profesionali brZandebiT da swored Tqveni

versiebis mosmena iqneba saintereso. garda
amisa, xeli migiwvdebaT iseT wyaroebzec, ro-
melTa gacnoba mwiri SesaZleblobebis gamo
CvenTvis, xSir SemTxvevaSi, SeuZlebelia.

Zal-Rone movikribe, goneba davZabe da inaTa,

vipove is Zafi, romelsac es dReebi sul
vgrZnobdi da romelic bankis Zarcvis saqmes
ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobasTan akavSirebda.
damTavrda, SfoTvis mizezic gairkva. ar Se-
vimCnie, rom yvelaferi am wams momivida
azrad da mSvidad daviwye:

_ batonebo, gTxovT yuradRebas.

1907 wlis 24 agvistos gazeT «КАВКАЗ»-Si ga-

moqveynda Semdegi informacia: “22 agvistos
tfilisSi Camovida ufrosi inspeqtori voia-
povski da imave saRamos daiwyo saxelmwifo
bankis adgilobrivi ganyofilebis revizia.”
1907 wlis 27 agvistos, orSabaTs ilia WavWa-
vaZe meuRlesTan erTad saguramodan tfilis-
Si faetoniT gaemgzavra. maTTan iyo laqia ia-
kofa biTaraSvili da etls marTavda Tedo
labauri. rogorc mowme zaal WavWavaZe tfi-
lisis saolqo sasamarTlos gamomZiebel
iliaSenkosTvis micemul CvenebaSi adastu-
rebs, Tavadi imave saRamos apirebda ukan da-
brunebas, magram ar gamoCenila. ilia arc
samSabaTs Cavida, xolo oTxSabaTs saguramo-
211
Si moulodnelad dabrunda iakofa biTaraS-
vili, raTa tfilisSi, ilias saxlSi waeyvana
adamiani, romelic iq Secvlida gaTavisufle-
bul meezoves. biTaraSvilma zaal WavWavaZes
uTxra, rom Tavadi CamobrZandeboda xuTSa-
baTs. anu ramdenime saaTiT tfilisSi Casuli
WavWavaZe iq TiTqmis sruli sami dRe da Ra-
meEdarCa. meezovis Secvlis gamo es ar moxde-
boda. ese igi iyo sxva ufro mniSvnelovani
argumenti. axlave mogaxsenebT, savaraudod,
ra unda yofiliyo amis mizezi, oRond jer
mcire eqskursi sabanko saqmeSi.

mogexsenebaT banks aqvs sadamfuZneblo

saunje, Tavni, romelic xelSeuxeblad inaxeba
seifebSi. arsebobs cnobili maqinacia, rom-
lis Catarebac bankis xelmZRvanelobas SeuZ-
lia. misi Sinaarsi daaxloebiT aseTia: iRebT
yalbi fulis masas, romliTac CaanacvlebT
seifSi daculi Tavnis igive raodenobas. naR-
di banknotebi gamogaqvT da uSvebT ukanono
brunvaSi. seifSi yalbi banknotebis wyalobiT
imdenive fulis masaa, ramdenic unda iyos. ase
rom bankis sazedamxedvelo sabWos an xazinis
warmomadgenlis mier vizualuri daTvaliere-
bisas eWvi ar unda gaCndes. sxva saqmea, Tu
revizori profesionalia da Tan eWvi swored
amgvar maqinaciaze aqvs. igi aucileblad ga-
daamowmebs Tavnis banknotebis sinaRdes. mi-
mixvdiT albaT, rom tfilisis saxelmwifo
banks saTavo bankidan revizoris CamosvliT
swored amgvari safrTxe Seeqmna.

212
_ logikurad JRers, magram daazusteT, ra
SuaSia am reviziasTan an bankis ekipaJze ban-
dituri Tavdasxma, an, miT umetes, ilia WavWa-
vaZis mkvleloba, _ ver moiTmina Cems win
mjdomma spiridonma, romelsac TvalebSi Cav-
xede da marjvena ferad garsze TeTri libri
namdvilad hqonda gadakruli. axla ufro me-
tad mgavda.

_ SesaZloa tfilisis saxelmwifo bankSi

igive situaciaa, Tumca specifikuri. am
SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs garkveul Tavisebu-
rebasTan. mogexsenebaT, bankis mZarcvelebis
xelSi aRmoCnda 100 000 rubli xuTasiani ku-
piurebiT, romelTa seria da nomrebi ecnoba
imperiis bankebs da maTi gadacvla, am mizezis
gamo, SeuZlebeli gaxda. policiis departa-
mentis sazRvargareTis biuros ufross gart-
ings hqonda informacia, rom bolSevik-
yaCaRebi Tanxis gadacvlas apirebdnen an
sazRvargareT, an imperiis provinciul bank-
ebSi, sadac seriozuli kavSirebi gaaCndaT.
gartingma ratomRac ar gaiTvaliswina aRniS-
nuli Tanxis ganaRdebis is gza, romelzec
weRan mogaxseneT. anu bolSevikebi ruseTis
bankebSi apirebdnen ara xuTasrublianebis
oficialur gadacvlas, aramed am kupiurebiT
sabanko seifebSi daculi Tavnis fuladi ma-
sis Canacvlebas da arsebobs didi albaToba,
rom es operacia tfilisis saxelmwifo bankSi
Caatares. ufrosi revizoris CamosvliT gaCn-
da mxilebis safrTxe, romlis asacileblad
axla saWiro gaxda seifSi Canacvlebuli ga-
tacebuli xuTasrublianebis kvlav naRdi
213
fuliT Secvla. SesaZloa, es Tanxa aiRes
tfilisis aznaurobis saadgil-mamulo bankis
Tavnidan, romelic, wesdebis mixedviT, sax-
elmwifo bankSi inaxeba. es ambavi cnobili
gaxda ilia WavWavaZisTvis. saxelmwifo sabWos
wevri win aRudga ukanonobas da swored am
saqmis mosagvareblad Seyovnda tfilisSi. ai
ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis motivic: saqme
exeboda did fuls. TaRliTobis gamoaSkara-
vebis SemTxvevaSi zogierTebs Tavsac waac-
lidnen da saqmeSi monawileebmac miiRes ga-
dawyvetileba, aramkiTxe mowme ilia WavWavaZe
moeklaT da operaciis Catareba daavales ya-
CaRTa razms. eWvi maqvs, rom am jgufsac is
pirovneba meTaurobda, vinc _ bankis mZarc-
velTa bandas. es kaci gaxlavT simon arSakov
ter-petrusovi, metsaxelad kamo. is uSualod
iyo dainteresebuli fulis gadacvliT da
darwmunebuli var xuTasrublianebSi Tavisi
wili aqve gaanaRda. mogvianebiT evropaSi
tfilisis eqsTan dakavSirebuli pirovnebebis
dapatimrebis dros yvelas aRmoaCnda aq na-
Zarcvi fuladi niSnebi. erTaderTi gamonak-
lisi iyo kamo, _ davasrule Cemi azri da Se-
fasebis molodinSi gavitrune. moulodnelad
erTi ucnauroba meca TvalSi. ar vici, ra mi-
zeziT, magram kupeSi ufro meti Suqi iyo da
spiridoni kidev ufro mgavda.

_ benoni, niWieri kaci brZandebiT. Txrobac

kargi gcodniaT, magram Cven mkvlelobis kon-
kretul saqmes viZiebT da am saqmesTan dakav-
Sirebuli mxolod arsebiTi mtkicebulebebis
gareSe Tundac logikurad met-naklebad ga-
214
marTul versias ver gaviziarebT. ra xelCasa-
Widi mtkicebuleba gaqvT, rom kamos am
mkvlelobaSi monawileoba Tundac versiis
doneze davtovoT da Semdgom kvleva-ZiebaSi
mis ganxilvaze dro davxarjoT, _ moisma ze-
da Tarodan da intonaciaze Sevatyve, rom uc-
nobi srulad jer ara, magram nawilobriv
naRdad ganixibla Cemi monaTxrobiT. vigrZeni,
ar iyo mwyobri da gamarTuli versia, magram
mainc jiutad vcade xavss CavWidebodi. arada,
bebo maswavlida, wyali Tu wagiRebs, xavss ki
nu dauwyeb Zebnas, aramed xel-fexi gaanZrie,
dinebas curviT gayevi, RmerTi aucileblad
wamogeweva da giSveliso:

_ neba miboZeT, am jerze mxolod faqtebs Ca-

movTvli, romlebic Cems versias arsebobis
uflebas aZlevs;

pirveli: policiis departamentis monaceme-

biT, tfilisSi eqspropriirebuli fuli kamom
fineTSi vladimer ulianovTan Caitana da Ta-
vadac iq iyo “mTeli ivlisi da agvistos pir-
veli naxevari.” Semdeg gaemgzavra da avstria-
Si maqsim litvinovTan Sexvedraze gamoCnda
mxolod 10 oqtombers. ucnobia, sad imyofe-
boda kamo 1907 wlis agvistos bolos, rode-
sac moxda ilia WavWavaZis mkvleloba da seq-
temberSi. anu utyuari cnoba, rom kamo
mkvlelobis dros tfilisis guberniaSi ar
imyofeboda, ar arsebobs.

meore: ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis saqmeSi

devs oqmi, romlis erT detalze gamomZiebels
215
yuradReba ar miuqcevia. ai zusti citata 1908
wlis 8 Tebervals ozurgeTSi, samxedro cix-
eSi aleqsandre grekovis dakiTxvis oqmidan,
sadac igi yveba sofel baxvSi gamarTuli so-
cial-demokratebis krebis detalebs. grekovi
acxadebs, rom 1907 wlis agvistos bolos
ilia WavWavaZis mkvleloba ukve gadawyvetili
iyo. erTi wamiT, batonebo, axlave vnaxav, _
wignaki gadavSale da wavikiTxe, _ “tero-
ristebis meTaurma raJden vadaWkoriam reko-
mendacia gauwia adamianebs, romlebic daniS-
nuli iyvnen ganaCenis aRsasruleblad: ermile
da kalenike doliZe, basilaSvili da erTi
somexi, romlis gvari CemTvis ucnobia . . . 4-5
dRis Semdeg marTlac movismine, rom Tavadi
WavWavaZe moklulia.” veravin gamoricxavs,
rom is “erTi somexi” SeiZleba iyo kamo.

mesame argumenti: gamoZiebis masalebSi

mkvlelobis monawiled dasaxelebulia “erTi
imereli” (один имеретин), romlis vinaobac
daudgeneli darCa. kamo didxans saqmianobda
imereTis guberniaSi da imasac Tu gaviTva-
liswinebT, rom mas gardasaxvis niWsac miawe-
ren, ar unda gaZneleboda duSeTis mazris
glexebisTvis, konspiraciis mizniT, Tavi im-
erelad waredgina. ase rom is “erTi imereli”
SesaZloa kamoa, _ erT amosunTqvaze dava-
srule es winadadebac da mivxvdi, rom dama-
jerebeli arc am jerze viyavi da argumenteb-
ic Semomecala.

mxolod matareblis bebruli CifCifi ismo-

da. kupeSi myofni dumdnen. spiridonis xelSi
216
zustad Cemnairi wignaki gaCnda, romlis ydac
fosforwasmuliviT cimcimebda.

_ vecdebi, Tqveneburad gipasuxoT, _ spiri-

donma wignaki gadaSala. _ benoni, axla am
Tanmimdevrobas daugdeT yuri:

pirvelad Tqvens mier naxsenebi “erTi imere-

li” (один имеретин) gamoZiebis masalebSi ga-
moCnda 1908 wlis 10 Tebervals anu mkvlelo-
bidan meeqvse Tves duSeTis mazris movaleo-
bis Semsruleblis striJevis mier Sedgenil
ucnaur amonawerSi: mcxeTis boqaulma niko-
loz markoviCma Tqvao, rom lado CirikaS-
vilma da pavle fSavliSvilma ilia WavWavaZis
mkvlelobis sxva monawileebTan erTad “erTi
imereli” daasaxeleso. gamomZiebelma gadaa-
mowma es informacia da igi ar dadasturda;
CirikaSvilma aRniSna: “mcxeTis boqaul-
ma(markoviCma) muqariTa da ZaladobiT momawe-
rina xeli raRac Cvenebaze, romelic ilia
WavWavaZis mkvlelobas exeboda. maiZula dame-
do xeli viRac pirebisTvis”.
meored amJamad “viRac imereli” (какой-то
имеретин) gamoCnda mcxeTis boqaul markoviCis
1908 wlis 17 Tebervlis “gancxadebis oqmSi”:
“dakiTxulma giorgi xizaniSvilma ganmarta:
“Tavad ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobis wina
Rames viyavi sofel wiwamurSi pavle fSav-
liSvilis naTesavebTan. iq movidnen vano in-
aSvili, gigola berbiWaSvili, pavle fSav-
liSvili da kidev viRac imereli, romelic
cxovrebaSi pirvelad vnaxe.”
217
 mesamed “gvariT imereli” (по фамилии
имеретин) aisaxa gamomZiebel liaxoviCis mier
mcxeTis boqaulis nikoloz aleqsandrov
markoviCis dakiTxvis oqmSi 1908 24 marts; bo-
qauls uTqvams: “fSavliSvilma miambo Semdegi:
SarSan man, axalsoflelma vano inaSvilma,
araSenelma gigola berbiWaSvilma, igive Te-
diaSvilma da misTvis ucnobma gvariT im-
erelma gadawyvites Tavad WavWavaZis mokvla”.
meoTxed “imereli” naxsenebia mcxeTis bo-
qaulis markoviCis werilebis damtareblis
gabriel garsevanovis da mcxeTis sadguris
Cafris, boqaul markoviCis qveSevrdomis
aleqsandre anatolievis CvenebebSi, razec
mcxeTaSi Sedgenili oqmi 1908 wlis 12 agvis-
toTia daTariRebuli.

mexuTe dokumenti sadac “imerelia” naxsene-

bi imave 1908 wlis 12 agvistos, iqve mcxeTaSi
boqaulTan daiwera da asaxavs mcxeTis mkvidr
iakob imerliSvilis Cvenebas.

yvela dasaxelebul sabuTTan dakavSirebu-

lia mcxeTis boqauli nikoloz markoviCi;
rac mTavaria, “imerelis” mkvlelobaSi mona-
wileoba faqtebiT ar dasturdeba. markoviCis
cuRlutobas mixvda ilia WavWavaZis saqmis
axali gamomZiebeli m. cvetkovi da 1908 wlis
12 agvistosve sabolood mkacrad dakiTxa pi-
radad mcxeTis boqauli, romelmac aRiara ga-
moZiebis procesSi aqamde daweril oqmebSi
mis mier daSvebuli Tavnebobebi da amjerad

218
ilia WavWavaZis” mkvlelobaSi monawileTa
SorisE”imereli” erTxelac ar uxsenebia.

Ziebis masalebidan irkveva, markoviCma “im-

erelis” saqmeSi “CarTva” daiwyo mas Semdeg,
rac gaigo an gaagebines, rom saxelmwifo sab-
Wos wevris mkvlelobaSi eWvmitanilia imere-
Tis guberniis mkvidri ermile doliZe da
rogorc ki es doliZe TavdebiT gaaTavi-
sufles, Sewyvita “imerelis” xseneba. Tval-
naTlad Cans, qimera “imerelis” avtori Tu
ara _ didi gulSematkivari iyo mcxeTis bo-
qauli nikoloz markoviCi, xolo STagonebis
wyaroa ermile doliZis mkvlelobis Tanamo-
nawiled miCneva.

rac Seexeba aleqsandre grekovis dakiTxvis

oqms, romlis citirebac moaxdineT, mas win
uZRoda kavkasiaSi mefisnacvlis kancelariis
gansakuTrebuli ganyofilebis mimarTva
saolqo sasamarTlos prokurorisadmi, saida-
nac irkveva, rom grekovisgan msgavsi aRiare-
biTi Cveneba miiRo ozurgeTis da senakis ma-
zris droebiTma general-gubernatorma ivan
tolmaCevma 1907 wlis 30 noembers anu imJamad
ilias mkvlelobaSi eWvmitanili ermile do-
liZis dapatimrebis meore dRes. gasagebia,
rom cnobili Savrazmeli tolmaCevi miznad
isaxavda wiTelgvardieli doliZis ilias
mkvlelobis organizatorad gamocxadebas.
grekovma 1908 wlis 19 aprils aRiara, rom
baxvSi yrilobaze arasodes yofila da yve-
laferi moigona imitom, rom: “ermile doli-
Zem sami wlis win dascincla abreSumis yaba-
219
laxi, Coxa, qamari, saaTi da am nivTebis da-
bruneba ar surda.” es dokumenti TqvenTvis
cnobilia da kiTxvas aRar gavagrZeleb.

ase rom, saxelmwifo sabWos wevris, Tavad

ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobaSi monawile “im-
ereli” ubralod wiwamuris tyis moCvenebaa
da igi verc kamo-simon-arSakov-ter-petrusovi
da, ra Tqma unda, verc sxva vinme sulieri iq-
neba.

“gavfarCakdi”, _ gavifiqre da mivxvdi, ra

zustad gamoxatavda es sityva Cems mdgoma-
reobas.

_ axla yuri migde, Zvirfaso! dedamiwis

zurgze varaudebiT da mosazrebebiT simar-
Tle jerjerobiT veravis daudgenia, _ moisma
zeda Tarodan. _ minda icode, ilia WavWavaZe
ar mouklavT: gigola moZRvriSvils, giorgi
xizaniSvils, Tedo labaurs,, pavle fSavliS-
vils, ivane inaSvils, gigola berbiWaSvils . .
. _ ucnobi kupis iatakze daeSva, kari gaaRo
da gasvlisas erTi Semomxeda; vicani! namdvi-
lad is iyo _ tfilisis vagzlis moCveneba,
magram am jerze saerTod ar mgavda da asaki-
Tac bevrad ufrosi iyo!

“maradiuli uria”, _ gamielva TavSi.

_ “moxetiale ebraeli”, _ gamiswora qalis

xmam. wamiT bebo davinaxe, igi maSinaTve mzis
sxivebs Seerwya. matareblis kupeSi naTeli
gabatonda. Tvalebi magrad davxuWe, magram
sinaTle quTuToebSic atanda.
220
 “albaT gaTenda”, _ gavifiqre da Zalian mo-
minda es yvelaferi sizmari yofiliyo. ver
vijerebdi, rom ucnob adamianebTan sircxvi-
li vWame da am yvelafers Cemi sayvareli bebo
Seeswro.

cudi grZnobaa ususurobis SegrZneba.

uaresia, Tu kaci cud saqmes emsaxurebi.

mTeli Zalebi movikribe da Tvalebi gavax-

ile. civi oflSi vcuravdi. guli baga-bugiT
micemda. kupeSi, ra Tqma unda, aravin iyo. ma-
tarebeli idga. fanjaraSi gavixede, baTumSi
wvimda. . .

konstantinopolisken mimavali gemis orad-

gilian kaiutaSi sawolze Camovjeqi. netavi
aravin Semovides-Tqo, _ gavifiqre Tu ara, ka-
ri gaiRo da uzarmazari mura-yavisferi sak-
voiaJi gamoCnda.

_ ara! _ rac SeiZleba xmamaRla viyvire.

_ Cemo Zvirfaso beniamin! mTa mTas ar Sexvde-

ba, Torem Tu mTa ar midis muhamedTan, maSin
muhamedi midis mTasTan! _ sakvoiaJs saxegabr-
wyinebuli, loyebRaJRaJa kondrat varfala-
meiCi Semoyva; meore xelSi uSvelebeli Cemo-
dani eWira.

konstantinopolamde oTxi dRis gza medo!

Tvali magidaze damagrebuli saWiqeebisken ga-
meqca! . .

221
_ namdvili kaxuri WaWaa, iqaur “zaodSi” ga-
moxdili, samkurnaloa . . .

epilogis nacvlad

tfilisSi mogzaurobis Semdeg Cems sizmrebs

axali koSmari daemata. zogjer vnaxulob,
rogor atrialebs kintos tansacmelSi gamo-
wyobili mcxeTis boqauli kolia markoviCi
arRnis saxelurs da mis dakrulze, wiwamuris
tyis moCvenebasTan erTad, buqnas uvlian ilia
WavWavaZis mkvlelobaSi dadanaSaulebuli
qarTvelebi! mxolod erTi adamiani arad da-
gidevT markoviCis dimpitaurs, gancalkevebiT
dgas, SigadaSig naxvelTan erTad sisxli
amoaqvs da cxvirsaxociT iwmends. ratomRac
mgonia, rom igi 1909 wlis 26 ivliss, metexis
cixeSi, WleqiT gardacvlili gigola
moZRvriSvilia. ai is kacic, vinc usamarTlod
miiCneva ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelad!

222
 gigila moZRvriSvili

“moZRvriSvilisTvis CamorTmeuli Tofis,

tyviis, safantis da denTis daTvalierebis
oqmiT dgindeba, rom Tofi orluliania, sas-
xletiania da lulis boloze, samiznesTan da
sasxletTan etyoba, rogorc Cans, sisxlis
kvali; tyvia mrgvalia, naWdevebis gareSe,
aseve unaWdevoa 7 sxvadasxva zomis safanti an
karteCi, erTis gamoklebiT; 14 sxvadasxva si-
didis masra Calagebulia qamrisebr patron-
taSSi, romelzedac TiTqos sisxlis niSnebia.

223
 eqspertizis oqmiT dadgenilia, rom aRniS-
nuli tyvia da safanti ar Seesatyviseba gva-
mebidan amoRebul tyvias da safants”.

namdvili epilogi

Cemi bedis borbali tfilisidan parizSi da-

brunebis Semdeg sxvagvarad datrialda. sul
male londonSi gavemgzavre. xaim azriel
veicmans Sevxvdi. didxans visaubreT Cveni
eris momavalze da mniSvnelovani amocanebic
davisaxeT. Cemi warsulisken aRar gamixedavs.
iq mainc verafers Sevcvlidi. cxovrebis Su-
qurad ki gavixade ilia WavWavaZis ukanaskne-
li sityvebi: “win gaswi!”

1948 wlis 15 maiss pinskis reluri saswav-

leblis kursdamTavrebuli xaim azriel veic-
mani israelis axalSeqmnili saxelmwifos
prezidenti gaxda, xolo ebraelTa saidumlo
struqtura, romlis gaZlierebaSic mcireode-
ni wvlili mimiZRvis, 1951 wels msoflioSi
gavlenian sadazvervo samsaxurad _ mosadad
_ gardaiqmna.

marTalia, Cemi da misi wamieri Sexvedridan

didi dro gavida, magram yovel jerze axali
224
ZaliT vxalisob, rodesac maxsendeba, Tu ro-
gor miviCnie morig kavkasiel TaRliTad
tfilisis vagzlis skverSi muq Sarval-
kostiumsa da Sav SlapaSi gamopranWuli ma-
Sindeli koba juRaSvili, SemdegSi ki msof-
lios erT-erTi udidesi diqtatori ioseb
stalini.

locva

mamo Cveno, romeloca xar caTa Sina,

muxlmodrekili, lmobieri vdgavar Sen wina;

arca simdidris, arc didebis Txovna ar minda,

ar minda amiT Seuracxvhyo me locva wminda. . .

aramed mwyurs me, ganminaTldes ciT Cemi suli,

Sengan namcnebis siyvaruliT aRmenTos guli,

rom mterTaTvisac, romelT Tunda guls laxvari

mkran,

gTxovde: “Seunde, _ ar ician, RmerTo, ras iqman!”

ilia WavWavaZe

1858-sa welsa, 17 ivliss,

s. tiarlevo.

225