Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DTFT and DFT PDF
DTFT and DFT PDF
1 𝑛
1. Let 𝑥(𝑛) = ( ) 𝑢(𝑛), 𝑦(𝑛) = 𝑥 2 (𝑛) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌(𝑒 𝑗𝜔 ) be the Fourier Transform
2
of 𝑦(𝑛). Then 𝑦(𝑒 𝑗0 ) is
1 (c) 4
(a)
4 4
(b) 2 (d)
3
[GATE 2005: 1 Mark]
Soln. Given
𝟏 𝒏
𝒙(𝒏) = ( ) 𝒖(𝒏)
𝟐
𝟏 𝟐𝒏
And 𝒚(𝒏) = 𝒙𝟐 (𝒏) = ( ) 𝒖𝟐 (𝒏)
𝟐
𝒏
𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝒏
Or, 𝒚(𝒏) = [( ) ] 𝒖(𝒏) = ( ) 𝒖(𝒏)
𝟐 𝟒
∞
𝟏 𝒏 −𝒋𝝎𝒏
= ∑ ( ) 𝒆
𝟒
𝒏=−∞
∞
𝒋𝟎
𝟏 𝒏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐
𝑺𝒐, 𝒀(𝒆 ) = ∑ ( ) = 𝟏 + + ( ) + − − − −
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝒏=−∞
𝟏 𝟒
= = 𝐎𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (𝐝)
𝟏 𝟑
𝟏−
𝟒
2. A signal 𝑥(𝑛) = sin(𝜔0 𝑛 + 𝑓) is the input to a linear time-invariant system
having a frequency response 𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝜔 ). If the output of the system 𝐴𝑥(𝑛 −
𝑛0 ), then the most general form of ∠𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝜔 ) will be
(a) −𝑛0 𝜔0 + 𝛽 for any arbitrary real 𝛽
(b) −𝑛0 𝜔0 + 2𝜋𝑘 for any arbitrary integer k
(c) 𝑛0 𝜔0 + 2𝜋𝑘 for any arbitrary integer k
(d) −𝑛0 𝜔0 𝜙
Soln. Given
𝒚(𝒏) = 𝑨 𝒙(𝒏 − 𝒏𝟎 )
For LTI discrete time system phase and frequency of 𝑯(𝒆𝒋𝝎 ) are
periodic with period 𝟐𝝅. So in general form
∫ 𝑋(𝑒 𝑗𝜔 ) 𝑑𝜔 𝑖𝑠
−𝜋
(a) 5 (c) 16 π
(b) 10 π (d) 5 + 𝑗 10𝜋
[GATE 2007 : 2 Marks]
𝝅
𝟏
𝒙(𝒏) = ∫ 𝑿(𝒆𝒋𝝎 ) 𝒆𝒋𝝎𝒏 𝒅𝝎
𝟐𝝅
−𝝅
For n = 0, we get
𝝅
𝟏
𝒙[𝟎] = ∫ 𝑿(𝒆𝒋𝝎 ) 𝒆𝒋𝝎.𝟎 𝒅𝝎
𝟐𝝅
−𝝅
𝝅
𝟏
= ∫ 𝑿(𝒆𝒋𝝎 ) 𝒅𝝎
𝟐𝝅
−𝝅
Option (b)
𝑁−1
1
(𝑐) ∑ 𝑋(𝑟)𝑋 (𝑘 + 𝑟)
𝑁
𝑟=0
(d) 0
Soln. Given
𝑵−𝟏
𝟏
𝒚(𝒏) = ∑ 𝒙(𝒓) 𝒙(𝒏 + 𝒓)
𝑵
𝒓=𝟎
Option (b)
For N = 4
Now
= 𝟏+𝟎+𝟐+𝟑= 𝟔
𝟑
𝒋𝝅𝒏 𝒋𝝅
𝒙[𝟏] = ∑ 𝒙[𝒏] 𝒆− 𝟐 = 𝒙[𝟎] + 𝒙[𝟏]𝒆− 𝟐 + 𝒙[𝟐]𝒆−𝒋𝝅 + 𝒙[𝟑]𝒆−𝒋𝝅𝟑/𝟐
𝒏=𝟎
= 𝟏 + 𝟎 − 𝟐 + 𝒋𝟑 = −𝟏 + 𝒋𝟑
𝟑
= 𝟏+𝟎+𝟐−𝟑= 𝟎
𝟑
= 𝟏 + 𝟎 − 𝟐 − 𝒋𝟑 = −𝟏 − 𝒋𝟑
Option (d)
7. The first six points of the 8-point DFT of a real valued sequence are 5, 1 −
𝑗3, 0, 3 − 4𝑗, and 3 + 𝑗4. The last two points of the DFT are respectively
(a) 0, 1 − 𝑗3 (c) 1 + 𝑗3, 5
(b) 0, 1 + 𝑗3 (d) 1 − 𝑗3, 5
[GATE 2011 : 2 Marks]
i.e.
i.e. 𝑿[𝒌] = 𝑿∗ [𝑵 − 𝒌]
𝑿[𝟕] = 𝑿∗ [𝟖 − 𝟕] = 𝑿∗ [𝟏] = 𝟏 + 𝒋𝟑
Option (b)
𝜋𝑛
8. Consider a discrete time periodic signal 𝑥[𝑛] = sin ( ). Let ak be the
5
complex. Fourier series coefficients of 𝑥[𝑛]. The coefficients {𝑎𝑘 } are non-
zero when 𝑘 = 𝐵𝑚 ± 1, where m is any integer. The value of B is ______.
[GATE 2014 : 2 Marks]
Soln. Given
𝝅𝒏
𝒙(𝒏) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 [ ]
𝟓
𝟐𝝅 𝟐𝝅
Time period of 𝒙(𝒏) = = = 𝟏𝟎
𝝎𝟎 𝝅⁄𝟓
𝝅 𝝅
𝝅 𝟏 𝒋𝟓𝒏 𝟏 −𝒋𝟓 𝒏
𝐬𝐢𝐧 [ 𝒏] = .𝒆 − 𝒆
𝟓 𝟐𝒋 𝟐𝒋
𝒙[𝒏] is a discrete time signal its Fourier series coefficients exist after
each time interval value
𝒊. 𝒆. 𝑲 = ±𝟏, 𝟏𝟎 ± 𝟏, 𝟐𝟎 ± 𝟏, − − − −
𝜶𝒌 = 𝟏𝟎𝒎 ± 𝟏 = 𝑩𝒎 ± 𝟏
𝒊. 𝒆 𝑩 = 𝟏𝟎
Answer: B = 10