COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS

DEPARTMENT OF LSCM
COURSE TITLE: TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT
COURSE CODE: LSCM 3052
GROUP ASSIGNMENT
GROUP NAME IDNO
1. KALEHIWOT KONE 3177

2. BEZAWIT WUBISHET 2651

3. ABREHAM BAYE 2904

4. TSION TAFESE 2632

5. BETELHEM DAMENE 2697

6. TADESSE ALEMU 3237

SUMITTED TO DAWIT.Y

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 INTRODUCTION

Semien Shewa (or "North Shewa") is one of 10 Zones in the Ethiopian Amhara Region. The
administrative subdivisions of this Zone have been renamed, divided, and their boundaries were
redrawn numerous times between the 1994 and 2007 national censuses far more often than any other
Zone in the Amhara Region. As a result, its subdivisions can be very confusing; Sven Ego, in his
comparison of how the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) and the Ethiopian Mapping Authority reported
the administrative boundaries in this Zone and how they changed between 1994 and 2004, stopped
halfway through this Zone, stating that he had run out of time to perform field checking. . Semien Shewa
takes its name from the kingdom or former province of Shewa. The Zone is bordered on the south and
the west by the Oromia Region, on the north by Debub Wollo, on the northeast by the Oromia Zone, and
on the east by the Afar Region. The highest point in the Zone is Mount Abuye Meda (4012 meters); other
prominent peaks include Mount Megezez.

A car accident, also referred to as a “traffic collision,” or a “motor vehicle accident,” occurs when a
motor vehicle strikes or collides another vehicle, a stationary object, a pedestrian, or an animal. While
some car accidents result only in property damage, others result in severe injuries or death. There are
many factors that can contribute to car accidents, and sometimes such accidents have legal
consequences. Car accident can happen to drivers and passengers anytime, and anywhere. Even though
we are more pay attention to the safety of the cars, car accidents is still happening. At the same time, car
accidents are an important issue around the world. It has become a significant factors leading to death.
Car accidents can be caused by three factors, including the bad driving conditions, personal driving
habits and car conditions. In the day and age that we live in, many of us have been involved in car
accidents/crashes. From minor fender benders and head-on crashes, these events are not uncommon.
The car accident in this zone has increase because of the accident to be occurring or happens daily and
regularly. The zones have own plan and objectives to minimize the car accident; but in the zone there is
lack of achieving the plan and control the traffic flow in each woreda. There are 24 woreda in the zone
and 10 additional city found in it. Ethiopia is one of the countries with “an unacceptably large number
of road traffic deaths, with approximately more than 25 people per every 100,000 people killed in road
crashes,” according to WHO’s 2015 Global status report on road safety. There are about 25, 837 annual
road fatalities, according to the same report.

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1. If the number of traffic accident increased or decreased? Explain using
relevant data from the relevant organization?
To know the extent of car accident and to estimate the effect of car accident on social, economic
development of Ethiopia and take the measure of decreasing the car crash accident by using the statical
analysis of the data. The data shows in north shewa zone the car accident increase randomly through
daily, monthly and year to year. The reasons to increment of this car accident are the following:

 the bad driving conditions

 personal driving habits and car conditions
 Being unfamiliar with an area can be the cause of an accident
 Even extreme differences in temperature, those are the main reasons but there are a lot of
causes to become the car crash and reach the accident discuss detail in the second question.
Generally the relevant data that show the raising of car accident in north shewa zone to be
listed below the table. The data shows the amount of human life and property loss by car
accident between the years 2009-2010.

NO WOREDA Total deat Heavy Simpl Propert Total increas decreas %

. accide h body e y accide e e percent
nt in injure body damag nt in
2010 d injure e 2009
d

1 DEBRE 49 3 8 12 26 102 - 53 -51.96

BERHAN

2 NDEGNA 22 5 4 1 12 - 12 - +100
POLICE
TABIYA

3 HULETEGN 18 1 2 5 10 - 10 - +100
A POLICE
TABIYA

4 SOSTEGNA 8 - 3 2 3 - 3 - +100
POLICE
TABIYA

5 SHEWAROB 17 8 9 - - 17 constan constan Consta

IT t t nt

6 ATAYE 8 3 - 4 1 14 - - -42.86

7 MEHAL 6 1 1 3 1 1 5 -6 +500
3
 MEDA

8 ALEM 3 - 1 2 - 3 Consta -1 constan

KETEMA nt t

9 KEWOT 1 1 - - - - - Consta +100

nt

10 EFRATA 14 7 3 2 2 20 32 -9 -30
AND GIDEM

11 TARMA BER 42 7 9 6 20 43 - - -2.33

12 ANTSOQIYA 7 2 1 2 2 7 - -7 Consta
GMZA nt

13 BASONA 43 1O 4 9 20 52 4 -9 -17.31
WORENA

14 KEYT 32 5 4 5 18 - - - +100

15 MERHABITE 8 2 1 4 1 1 11 -3 -700

16 MNJAR 4 3 - - 1 13 2 - -69.23
SHENKORA

17 SHENKORA 4 1 1 2 - - 5 - +400
TABIYA

18 MORETNA 2 - 1 1 - 5 - - -60
JIRU

19 MENZE 12 1 3 3 5 1 4 -2 +1100
GERA

20 HGERE 13 2 2 2 7 11 2 - +18.08
MARIAM
KESEM

21 KESEM 15 1 2 5 7 - 3 - +100
TABIYA

22 ENSARO 1 - 1 - - 3 - - -66.67

23 MOJANA 11 1 1 4 3 7 4 -9 +57.14

24 MNZE 4 - - - 3 2 2 Consta +100

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 MAMA nt

25 SIYADEBRI 7 3 3 1 1 4 3 - +75

A WAYU

26 ANGOLELA 19 1 1 3 13 28 Consta -2 Consta

NA TERA nt nt

27 MIDA 2 1 1 - - 2 - constan +100

WOREMO t

28 WOREMO 1 1 - - - - - - -66.67
WAJITU

29 ANKOBER 1 1 - - - 3 - -2 -33.33

30 ASAGRIT 2 1 - - 1 3 - -1 +75

31 GSHE - - - - - 1 - -1 -100

32 BEREHET 1 - 1 - - 2 - -1 -50

33 MENZE 3 - - - 3 3 Consta constan Consta

KEYA nt t nt

34 MENZE - - - - - 1 - 1 -100
LALO

TOTAL SUM 380 75 67 78 160 380 - - -

IN THIS
MONTH

PRVIOUS 349 74 83 58 134 - - -

MONTH IN
2009

DIFFERENC +31 +1 -16 +20 +26 +31 - +8.88

E

Table show the amount of damage and loss in property and human in north shewa zone

NO. WO PRSONAL INJURES ESTIMATED

RDA AMOUNT OF
PROPRTY
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 LOSS
DEATH HEAVY SIMPLE TOTAL DAMAGE ESMAT
INJURED IJURED SUM AND LOSS D
VECHILE AMOU
NT OF
LOSS
IN
BIRR

M F T M F T M F T M F T SIMPL HEA
E VY
DAMA LOS
GE S
1 200 93 17 110 136 51 187 14 86 30 44 15 59 132 92 17,363
9 0 3 4 7 ,873
2 201 66 13 79 114 63 177 26 143 40 44 21 66 170 94 19,841
0 4 7 4 9 3 ,114
DIFF IN - -4 -31 -22 +1 -10 +5 +57 +1 +1 +6 +6 +38 +2 +2,477
EREN NU 27 2 0 07 5 6 ,277
CE MB
ER
IN - - - -16.18 +2 -5.34 +2 +66. +3 +0. +1 +1 +28.7 +2.1 +14.27
PER 29 23.5 28.1 3.5 3. 36 5.6 23 2.2 1.0 9 7
SEN .0 3 8 3 36 7 1 6
T 3

Generally data show that the car accident in northern shewa zone strictly increases. The northern shewa
zone administers say that the accident has increase from year to year. For example the data shows in
2010 with in nine month from 380 of car accident; 60 of technical and mechanical error occur, or 15.79%
to be loss due to the carelessness, and 324 or 82.63% of the accident occur due to possible control, but
less control and follow up; and due to carelessness of walkup or people who is move along road side 6 or
1.58% accident to be reach and 2009 with in nine month 349 accidents to be reach due to technical and
mechanical error and other 38 0r 10.89% reaches due to special case and due to the weakness of walker
3 (0.86%) accident to be reach and another 308 or 88.25% accident possible but due to less control o be
occur. generally the data shows the year in 2010 compare with the year 2009 the accident has increase
by 6 or 1.95% . due to the error of walker the accident increase by double or 100% (3-6).

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2. Identify the cause and consequences of car accident?

Cause of the accident

Causes of car accidents can seem endless. So many variables factor into accidents on the road.
Determining what caused an accident is the responsibility of police and the insurance company
claims adjuster. The cause needs to be determined in order to determine who at-fault is. For the
police, this is important because of legal liability and determining who should be issued a ticket.
For an insurance company, determining who at-fault is means determining which party, if any
party should receive a claims payment -- and for determining how much that payment should
be. There are various causes of car accidents; some are listed below:

Human Error Car Accidents

A major source of car accidents is human error. The worst part is that we can only control our
own actions and not those of the driver next to us on the road. Accidents have been caused by
careless drivers since the first car was built.

Distracted Driving
Driving while distracted seems to be on the increase with all the gizmos and technology gadgets built
directly into vehicles and brought into vehicles. Cell phones, DVD players, and more are a relentless
distraction for many drivers. Let alone kids, eating, and applying makeup. In our busy world, everyone
wants to be multitasking at all times. The one place multi-tasking should be prohibited is behind the
wheel.

Driving Under the Influence

Driving under the influence -- whether it be the influence of drugs, alcohol, or even certain types of prescription
and over the counter medicine -- would be considered human error. It is a bad choice made by many. Not being of
a clear mind puts you at a much higher risk of being in or causing an accident.

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 Medical Conditions
Seizures, strokes, heart attacks, poor vision, or even falling asleep at the wheel can cause very
serious accidents. Although medical conditions are often uncontrollable, it is important to think
about your risk factors before driving. If you are not feeling well or forgot your glasses, definitely
look for someone else to drive.

Being Lost / Not Knowing the Local Laws

Being unfamiliar with an area can be the cause of an accident, too. It is not impossible to get
turned around or drive faster than what is recommended in an area you are unfamiliar with.
Some people just flat out do not know how to drive. Not following the rules of the road
definitely puts a driver at higher risk of an accident, and not knowing the laws of a particular
area is also a danger. In some states, for example, it’s forbidden to turn right at a red light, while
in other states it is A-Okay.

Mechanical Failure Car Accidents

Mechanical failure can happen for several different reasons. Sometimes it is out of control of
the driver, and other time not.

Failure to Maintain Vehicle

Not doing normal upkeep on your vehicle can definitely cause an accident. Bald tires, broken tie
rods, and bad brakes are all things which need to be attended to in a timely manner. Imagine
driving around on squealing brakes for a month then when you really need them the brakes do
not work at all. You really cannot blame the car. It was the car owner’s responsibility to maintain
the vehicle.

Manufacturer Malfunction
Even though it is not all that common, sometimes accidents can occur because the car was not
built properly. Automakers release recalls when a problem has been identified, but sometimes a
recall only happens after several accidents have occurred. Be aware of recalls for your vehicle so
you can have it repaired as soon as possible.

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 Faulty Traffic Lights
If a traffic light is out in the middle of the night, it can certainly be the cause of an accident.
Someone unfamiliar with the area may not see the outage and run through an intersection. It is
another example of mechanical error.

Weather-Related Car Accidents

Even though the weather may be the cause of an accident, a driver is still held responsible when
it comes to a single car insurance claim. Dense fog, excessive rain, slick roads, and high winds
can all cause major problems for drivers. Even extreme differences in temperature can create
large potholes worthy of damaging a car.

Animals
Animals do not understand the risk of crossing a road. When a large animal such as a deer goes
to cross the road at a high speed, they can run right into the side of your vehicle. Hitting a deer
head on is also very common. The unpredictability of animals is what makes them so dangerous
to drivers.

Driving is filled with perils. Drivers need to be on-guard 100% of the time. Autonomous cars
could reduce human error in the future, but it is yet to be seen how it will impact car accidents.

Consequences of car accident

When you're the victim of a car accident, physical injury is often the most obvious consequence.
Aside from the burden of recovering from your injuries and attempting to return to a "normal"
way of life as soon as possible, however, there are many other potential consequences that you
could be suffering as a result of your accident.
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1. Financial Setbacks
The financial setbacks associated with a car accident can be severe. More than likely, you have
medical bills piling up that may or may not be covered by the responsible party's insurance
company. If your car was seriously damaged in the accident, you may also have auto repair bills
or the cost of replacing your car on your shoulders (especially if you didn't have
comprehensive/collision coverage on your vehicle). These expenses can add up and take a
serious toll on your life.

2. Inability to Work
Depending on the severity of your injuries, you may also find yourself unable to work during
your recovery. And if your job doesn't provide the perk of paid sick leave, this could mean
additional lost wages until you've recovered enough to return to work. At the same time, you
may suffer from the frustration of being unable to work and be productive.

3. Lack of Transportation
If your car was totaled as a result of the accident or is currently awaiting repairs, you may also
find yourself facing a lack of transportation. This can make it difficult to complete even the most
basic of daily chores and tasks, such as taking the kids to school or going out to buy groceries.
Even if your injuries didn't render you unable to work, your lack of reliable transportation to and
from work every day could put your job in jeopardy unless you have a very understanding
employer. You may incur additional costs related to acquiring temporary transportation via taxi,
rental car, or other means.

4. Insurance Rate Increases

Unfortunately, even if you weren't at fault for your accident, there's a good chance your auto
insurance company will still increase your rates once they find out about your accident. You may
be surprised to see just how much your monthly premium can increase with even one accident
on your record, and that rate increase will likely remain for as long as your accident is on your
driving record. This can even further contribute to the financial burden already associated with
your accident and may make it difficult to afford your insurance.

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5. Emotional Hardship

Last but not least, there's also the emotional hardship and pain and suffering that come along
with being injured in an auto accident. Many people who suffer from debilitating accident
injuries feel as though their sense of personal autonomy has been stripped from them. You may
feel upset at your inability to go about your day-to-day life and complete tasks that used to be
so essential to you, such as caring for your children or succeeding in your career. The emotional
toll of an auto accident can have far-reaching effects.

For some, post-traumatic stress disorder is another potential concern following an auto
accident. You may have a hard time getting behind the wheel of your car for fear of being in
another accident, or you may experience panic attacks or serious anxiety over even being in a
car.

These are just a few of the lesser-known consequences of being injured in an auto accident. The
good news, however, is that you may be entitled to financial compensation for these factors if
they apply to you. Be sure to act quickly, however, and obtain professional advice from an
experienced auto accident attorney before moving forward. From there, you can make sure
your best interests will be well represented.

'3.what you suggest to avoid or minimize the problem?

today in Ethiopia and other world countries traffic accident has affect the economic
development and the social well-being through damage and loss property and various people
loss their life and they become disable by the traffic accident especially caused by the car
accident.so in order to minimize the car accident and safe the human life and property loss we
recommend or suggest the following suggestion or recommendation:

• To obey the traffic laws, be predictable, avoid distractions, drive rested.

• Steer clear of alcohol and drugs.

• Commute in any populated area and you’re bound to see people driving too slowly,
occasionally weaving while talking on the phone.

• Follow the speed limit and be especially attentive after dark.

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 • Choosing a good-performing car with excellent safety marks and proven reliability can
further reduce your risks.

• Don't depend on mirrors alone -- physically look over your right shoulder while steering
to alleviate blind spots mirrors can create.

• the people should have cross alone walk-cross

• The driver should drive solely in curve, low land area.

• the driver should look the traffic light and drive slowly

• The driver should not violate the traffic law like do not drive above limited speed.

Generally in order to minimize the car accident all society should have responsible to respect
the traffic law and protect their life, property from damage and loss. The above suggestion to be
it is simple and early for driver and society to apply the risk and accident to be minimized. In
addition to the above recommendation they have the following way to be minimized or avoid
the car accident.

Ten Ways to Avoid Car Accidents

A National Safety Council study released last month indicates that seat belt use varies widely
from state to state and the lack of drivers buckling up continues to be a leading cause of traffic
accidents across the world.

• Pull into traffic slowly. Stop, Look, Listen. Be aware of blind spots, including those in rear
view mirrors and behind windshield pillars or highway road signs. Also, when at an
intersection making a right-hand turn, look both directions at least twice before
proceeding. Vehicles can appear almost out of nowhere very quickly, so exercise caution
when pulling into a busy intersection.

• Watch for red light runners. Count to three before entering an intersection on a green
light. Look both ways and be sure no one is trying to speed through a yellow light.
Exercise caution when passing semis. Truck drivers have a large blind spot on their right-

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 hand side, so be especially careful when driving next to an 18-wheeler. If you cannot see
the truck’s side mirrors, the truck driver cannot see you.

• Keep at least one hand on the steering wheel. Reduce in-car distractions such as
changing radio stations or CDs, cell phones, eating or momentarily taking a hand off the
wheel. A gust of wind, pothole or a blown tire could send the vehicle into another lane
and cause a serious accident.

• Watch for kids. Children and animals have a habit of suddenly popping out from
between parked cars and into roadways. If you are driving in a residential neighborhood
with kids present, watch carefully and slow down.

• Perform engine maintenance regularly. Avoid sudden stalls or other vehicle failure by
changing the oil regularly and keeping tires properly inflated.

• Scan 12 seconds ahead. Always concentrate on the area where you will be driving in 10-
12 seconds. For highway driving, keep positioned far enough from other cars so if
someone were to suddenly stop or swerve, you could avoid them.

• Look backwards when backing out. Fender benders in parking lots are all too common,
so look out for cars leaving parking spaces. Don't depend on mirrors alone -- physically
look over your right shoulder while steering to alleviate blind spots mirrors can create.

• Do not tailgate. Leave a three-second cushion between you and the car in front of you
and begin your journey early enough so you don't speed to make up time. As tempting
as it may be when in a hurry, tailgating is a major cause of accidents.

• Be courteous to other drivers. No one owns the roads, so treat others with respect and
report any suspicious driving activity to authorities.

References
 North shewa zone administration
 The annual report of car accident in the north shewa zone
 Different car accident report in on line

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  Research in addis ababa university cause and consequence of car accident

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