GROUND WATER

- Water that collects or flows beneath the Earth’s surface,

filling the porous spaces in soil, sediment, and rocks.

TYPES OF GROUNDWATER

o Meteoric Water
o Connate Water
o Juvenile Water

Meteoric Water

- The water derived from precipitation (snow and rain).

- Meteoric water is the water that has fallen as rain and has
filled up the porous and permeable shallow rocks, or
percolate through them along bedding planes, fractures,
and permeable layers.

Connate Water

- (Trapped in the pores of sedimentary rocks as they were

deposited.)

Juvenile Water

- Also called Magmatic Water.

- It is the water found in the cracks and crevices or porous of
rocks due to condensation of steam emanating from hot
molten masses or magmas existing below the surface of the
earth.

SUBSURFACE ZONES

o Vadose Zone (Zone of Aeration) – above the water table in

which soil pores may either contain air or water.
o Phreatic Zone (Zone of Saturation) – below the water table
where the pores are filled with water.

WATER TABLE

- It is the “surface” of the subsurface materials that are

saturated with groundwater in a given vicinity.

AQUIFER

- An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or

unconsolidated materials from which groundwater can be
extracted using a water well.

TYPES OF AQUIFER

o Unconfined Aquifer – are those into which water seeps

from the ground surface directly above the aquifer.
o Confined Aquifer – are separated from the ground surface
by an impermeable layer and are generally at greater
depths than unconfined aquifers.