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Gravi Pharm3 PDF
Gravi Pharm3 PDF
a. readily filtered
b. low solubility
c. converted to product of known composition
(heat)
∆
CaC2O4 (s) → CaO(s) + CO(g) + CO2 ( g )
1
2. Volatilization Methods
Relative Supersaturation = Q − S
S
Where Q = concentration of solute, S = solute’s
equilibrium constant
2
-Precipitate solubility
-Temperature
-Reactant concentration
-Rate of reactant mixing
c. Crystalline Formation
3
Q −S
high – rate of nucleation increases
S
Q −S
low – particle growth dominates, excluding
S
nucleation
5. Gravimetric Calculations
Wanalyte
% Analyte = x 100
Wsample
4
F – Relates mass of product to mass of analyte,
stoichiometry
a(FW of substance A)
F=
b(FW of substance B)
Mass Analyte
%Analyte = x 100
Mass Sample
a. Mass P =
1 mol Mg P O 2 mol P 30.97g P
0.2161 g Mg 2P2O4 x 2 2 4 x x
222.57 g Mg P O 1 mol Mg P O 1 mol P
2 2 4 2 2 4
Mass product Gravimetric
Factor
= 0.0614 g P
0.0614g P
%P= = 17.10 %
0.3516g sample
or…
5
a FW analyte
F= x
b FW sample
2 30.97g
F= x = 0.27833
1 222.57g
(0.2161g Mg P O )(0.27833)
%P= 2 2 7 x100 = 17.10%
0.3516g
0.4368g AgCl -3
= 3.048 x 10 mol AgCl
143.321g AgCl / mol AgCl
6
Ex1:Phosphate is precipitated from its solution with
ammonium molybdate, as (NH4)3[PMo12O40•xH20].
Since the precipitate does not have a constant
composition with regard to water content, it is
dissolved in ammonia and the molybdate is
precipitated with Pb(NO3)2, as PbMoO4.
7
Ex2: A 0.2025 g sample consisting of only BaCl2 and
KCl required 20.25 mL of 0.1200 M AgNO3 solution
for the quantitative precipitation of chloride.
Calculate the %Ba and %K in the sample.
8
Ex4: In the gravimetric determination of sulfate in a
0.2841 g sample of pure Na2SO4, a BaSO4 precipitate
weighing 0.4604 g was obtained. The weight of the
precipitate was smaller than the theoretical one, since
some BaSO4 was converted to BaS during the heating
process.