DETERMINATION OF HYDRAULIC PARAMETER IN UNIFORM FLOW FOR OPEN

CHANNELS

1.1 Introduction:

The traditional methods of conducting laboratory activities will not be able to provide the avenue
for students to enhance independent learning activities and inculcate creativity and innovation.

Level 0 is fully prescriptive where problem, ways & means and answers are provided to the
students. However it is still necessary especially to first and second year students.

1.2 Objective:

To obtain appropriate coefficients to satisfy the Manning formula of a corrugated and roughened
bed on the depth of water at different flow rates.

1.3 Theoretical background:

For uniform flow in an open channel, the Manning formula states that:
2 1
1
𝑣=𝑛 𝑚3 𝑖 2

Where;

N = Coefficient of roughness (Dimensionless)

v = Mean fluid velocity (m/s)

m = Hydraulic mean radius (m)

= Flow area A / Wetted perimeter P

Where:

𝑑0+𝑑1
𝐴=𝐵*( )
2

and;

𝑑0+𝑑1
𝑃=𝐵+2*( )
2

Where;

B = channel width (m)

i = Slope of energy line

= sin θ = (do – d1)/x

With;

x = Distance between level of measurements (m)

do = Upstream depth of flow (m)

d1 = Downstream depth of flow (m)

The actual fluid velocity can be calculated as: 𝑣=𝑄/𝐴

Where;

v = Mean fluid velocity (m)

Q = volume of flow rate (m3)

A = Area of flow (m2)

= (Width of channel, B) x (depth of flow, h)

h = Average depth of flow above gravel bed (m)

(do + d1) / 2
1.4 Problem statement:

Our group was required to obtain the coefficient of roughness, n based on the laboratory test on
the two (2) type of different bed surface. Then need to compare to the actual Manning coefficient
publishes base on the two (2) types of different bed flow rates.