SPEECH ACT’S IN “99 CAHAYA DI LANGIT EROPA”

MOVIE’S SCRIPT

A THESIS

Submitted to English Department,

Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Medan,
In Partial Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra

BY :

NUR HUDA
2103220032

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
 DECLARATION

Except where appropriately acknowledge, this thesis in my own work, has been

expressed on my own words and has not previously been submitted for

assessment. I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or

otherwise for plagiarism.

Medan, April 2015

Nur Huda

Reg. No 2103220032
 ABSTRACT

Huda, Nur. Speech Acts in 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie’s script: A

Thesis. Medan: Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
2015

This thesis deals with speech acts in 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie’s Script.
The objectives of this study are to find out the types and the dominant types of
speech acts in 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie’s Script. This research is
conducted by descriptive qualitative design, which makes a description of the
situation or event/occurance. The data of this study is derived from the movie
script of 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie by downloading from internet that
focuses on the main character’s utterances. The results shows that there are 204
utterances. The findings indicated that 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie applied
five types of speech acts : Assertives, Directives, Commissives, Expressives, and
Declaratives. The total calculations and percentages of speech acts isn each types
are Assertive 40 ( 19,60%), directive 131 ( 64,21%), commissive 9 ( 4,41%),
expressive 8 ( 3,92%), declarative 16 (6,37%). And the dominant types of speech
acts is Directive (64,21%).

Keywords: 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie, speech act, movie.

i
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the writer liketo dedicate her special gratitude to Allah SWT,
Rabb who has Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim who always guide and protect the writer
in accomplishing this thesis.

This thesis has been written to fulfill the requirements for the degree of
Sarjana Sastra at English and Literature Department of Faculty of Language and
Arts the State University of Medan.

During the process of writing this thesis, the writer is indebted to many
people for their guidance, helps, comments and suggestion.

The writer also would like to dedicate her special gratitude to :

1. Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si, as the Rector of State University
of Medan.
2. Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M. Hum, as the Dean of Faculty of Language and
Arts, thanks for her leadership in academic process.
3. Prof. Dr. Sumarsih, M. Pd. as the Head of English and Literature
Departments.
4. Dra.Rahmah, M.Hum as the Head of Applied Linguistics Program, Dra.
Masitowarni Siregar, M. Ed as the Head of English Education thanks for
the suggestion during conducting the thesis.
5. Drs. Anni Holila Pulungan and Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum, as her
consultant lecturer, for their advices, suggestion, correction, motivation,
support, great ideas and for precioustime that she had given during
completing this thesis.
6. Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M. Pd as her academic consultant who make me
become the best, suggestion and guidance.
7. Dr. Siti Aisah Ginting, M. Pd as the reviewer, thanks for the suggestions,
idea, especially giving a time for discussing the thesis.
8. Dra. Sri Juriati Ownie, M. A as as the reviewer, thanks for the
suggestions, idea, especially giving a time for discussing the thesis.

ii
9. Mam Eis who have helped her in providig the academic administrations.
10. Great thanks for My Family, especially my beloved parents, Suai’di Nur
and Sumiati Iriana who never give up to suppor, pray, sacrifices, their
endless love, giving spritual, financial, and always patient to help me. The
writer realize that without their love, she may never have overcome this
amazing and long adventure. They always give support to me in facing all
complications happened in my life. My beloved brothers, Fajrans Syah
Reza, and Farhan Syah Nur and siter, Budi Yanti for their support,
cares, prays, and the ideas. They entertain me when I got stuck and stress
because of this whole things.
11. Her great friends in Senior High School, especiallyNovi, Yanti, Yuli,
Icha, Izni and Halimah thanks you guys for the support, pray, and time
for togetherness when we school. And My belove friends in Faculty,
especiallySumarni Prapat, Vivien Banurea thank you guys for the
suggestion, pray, great idea, advices, and for precious time. Annisa
Latifah, and Mei thank for the support and pray me.
12. Her belove friends, especially Irwan Santoso thanks for the support, pray,
and time for you togetherness. And all classments in Applied Linguistics
A and B 2010 that she cannot be mentioned.
Finally, the writer would like to invite the readers to give suggestions and
responses for the improvement of this thesis in the future because she
admit that this thesis is still far from being complete and perfect.

Medan, Maret 2015

The Writer,

Nur Huda_________
Reg No. 2103220032

iii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. ii
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................ iv

CHAPTER I . INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 1

A. The Background of Study ................................................................... 1
B. The Problem of Study ......................................................................... 5
C. The Scope of Study ............................................................................ 5
D. The Objective of Study ....................................................................... 5
E. The significance of Study .................................................................. 6

CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ........................................... 7

A. Theoretical Framework ....................................................................... 7
1. Pragmatics ....................................................................................... 7
2. Speech Act ...................................................................................... 10
a. The Element of Speech Act ........................................................ 10
1) Locutionary Act .................................................................... 11
2) Illocutionary Act ................................................................... 11
3) Perlocutionary Act ................................................................ 12
b. Types of Speech Act .................................................................. 12
1. Assertive................................................................................. 12
2. Directive ................................................................................. 13
3. Commissive ............................................................................ 13
4. Expressive .............................................................................. 14
5. Declarative ............................................................................. 14
3. Movie ............................................................................................... 15
a. Movie Script ............................................................................... 15
b. The Brief Summary of “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” Movie ..... 16
4. Biography of The Main Character ................................................... 18

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 B. Relevant Studies .................................................................................. 19
C. Conceptual Framework ....................................................................... 20

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................... 23

A. Research Design .................................................................................. 23
B. The Data of The Source ...................................................................... 23
C. The Technique of Collecting Data ...................................................... 23
D. The Technique of Analyzing the Data ................................................ 24

CHAPTER IV. DATA, FINDING AND DISCUSSION ............................ 25

A. The Data .............................................................................................. 25
B. The Data Analysis ............................................................................... 25
C. Research Findigs ................................................................................. 38
D. Discussion ........................................................................................... 39

CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 42

A. Conclusion .......................................................................................... 42
B. Suggestion ........................................................................................... 43

REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 44
APPENDIX .................................................................................................... 45

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 1

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. The Background of the Study

Human has spoken variety of languages. Human uses the language as a

medium to tell their thought, idea, or their experiences. Humansoften

usevarioustypes oflanguages, such as: mother language, English and Indonesian.

The language is used to express inner thought and emotions, make sense of

complex and abstract thought, to learn to communicate with others, to fulfill our

wants and needs, as well as establish and keep our culture. Language is only one

of the common activities of a society. Language is a communication using in our

daily life, language is also the most important aspect in the life of all humans.

Linguistics explains about aspects of language in its use. Linguistics is the

scientific study of language.A science of the autonomous and using scientific

methods. The theory of applied linguistics is a branch of linguistics that focuses

on the general theory and methods in the study of language.The branch of

Linguistics can be divided into phonology, morphology, syntax, Pragmatics and

Semantics. Because of that, the applied linguistics can be applied in all fields. One

of them is education.

Humans sometimes uses language in Pragmatics and Semantic form.

Pragmatics means the sentences used more than saying the words, the speaker

needs to hearer to do things, while semantic means the speaker says the words in

literary meaning that connect to things. For example, “ This tea is too hot” there

are two meaning, the speaker needs a cold tea the tea is not too hot. The way of
 2

human to speak in order to ask or say something to the hearer to get the point

depends on the hearer’s understanding.

In attemping to express themselves, people do not only produce utterances

containing gramatical structures and words, they perform action via those

utterance. Yule (1998:47) states that actions perform via utterances are generally

called speech act. Speech act is a kind of verbal communication. Such as, the

situation is in the office and a boss has a great deal of power, then the boss’s

utterances is “You’re fired!”, this is more than just a statement but the utterances

can be used to performed the act of ending employment.

According to Jhon Searle (1996) Speech Act is the speaker communicates

to the hearer more than he actually says by way of relying on their mutually

shared background information, both linguistic and nonlinguistic, together with

the general powers of rationality and inference on the part of the hearer.

Jhon Searle theory (1996:12) explained about the five types of speech act,

there are Assertive, Directives, Commissive, Expressive, and Declaractives.

Assertive is kind speech act can be judged for truth value. Directives are an

attempt to get hearer to do something. Commissive are statement that functionas

promises or refusals for action. Expressive are speech act that function to express

the way we feel (the speaker’s attitude) toward something. Declaratives are

speech acts that change the reality in accordance with the proposition of the

declaration.

Speech Act not only reflected in Linguistics, but also can be reflected

through movie. It can be found that in the movie consist of utterances or dialogue
 3

and the dialogue itself is a language. Dialogue in movie is a literary and theatrical

form consisting of written or spoken conversational exchange between character

by two or more people. From this explanation, the writer understands about that

speech act happen not only in human’s daily life but also reflected in the movie.

Because movie has a conversation, and certainly the sentences contains of

pragmatics and specific to be categorized in speech act.

These screenplays can be original works or adaptations from existing

pieces of writing. In them, the movement, actions, expression, and dialogues of

the characters are also narrated.

Example from the utterance that uttered by the character namely Hanum.

She talks with her friend, namely Fatma in Restaurant.Conversation between

Hanum and Fatma.

Fatma : Makan lagi sayang rotinya. (kepada anaknya)

(Honey, eat the bread please)? (to her children)

Hanum : Enggak usah, jangan Aisya!!

(No, no Aisya)!!

Enggak usah Fatma

(No Fatma)

F : Kenapa?

(Why)?

H : Mereka bilang “ katanya kita makan daging kita sendiri kalau kita

makan klosang (roti buatan Eropa ) ini, pengen aku kasih

pelajaran rasanya ke mereka.

 4

They said“ its like we eat our body if we eat the klosang (made a bread

europe),

I want to make them understand. → Directive

F : Hanum, Hanum..

Udah, aku ada cara lain kok.

(I have another way).

Based on the utterances above, the bold sentences is categorize on

Directive type. In speech act, Directive means attempt to get hearer to do

something. They express what the speaker wants. It can be uttered in a form of

forbidding, insisting, advising, asking, begging, challenging, daring, demanding,

inviting, ordering, permitting, recommending, requesting, suggesting, etc. It can

be categorized as Directive type because the character, Hanum uttered the

sentence which has a purpose. The purpose here means an action. Hanum said that

she wants to give a warn for the people who do not admire the religion. The

speaker not only uttered but also forced the hearer to do an action. The sentence

above can be formed in the Pragmatics or Semantics meaning. In this case, the

Semantic meaning the speaker’s utterances does not intend to get the hearer to do

something, but in Pragmatics meaning, Hanum’s utterance not only saying the

word or statement but also have meaning or purpose to hearer (Fatma) that forced

her to do something.

Looking at those explaination above, the writer is interested in discussing

the Speech Act study in the movie. This is because the movie itself showing the

picture so the writer can see directly the expression of the characters while
 5

speaking or uttered a sentences. By doing this research the wrieter will help

people to know and understand about speech act especially.

B. The Problems of the Study

The problem of the study are formulated as follows :

1. What types of speech act uttered by the main character’s“on 99 Cahaya di

Langit Eropa” Movie’s script?

2. What is the dominant types of speech act uttered by the main character’s

“on 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” Movie’s script?

3. What is the meaning of the dominant types of speech act uttered by the main

character’s “on 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” Movie’s script?

C. The Scope of the Study

The scope of the study is limited to the main character’s utterances, on the

movie script entitled “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” movie’s script. To find out the

answer of the problems of the study, the writer used speech act theory based on

Jhon’s Searle. There are: Assertives, Directives, Commissive, Expressive, and

Declaratives, which are find in the “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” movie’s script.

D. The Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study are :

1. To find out the types of speech act that used on “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa”

Movie’s script.
 6

2. To analyzed the dominant types speech act that used on “99 Cahaya di Langit

Eropa” Movie’s script.

3. To find the meaning of the dominant types on “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa”

Movie’s script.

E. The Significance of the Study.

The significance of the study, divided in two, there are:

Theoretically, the result of reseach can be a reference for the researcher or

those who plan to do the further researcher in the similar topic in Lingustics field.

Especially on speech act and the reader who wants to increase their knowledge

about pragmatics.

Practically, people who love watching “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa”

Movie’s script. It is better for them to study or understand the speech act that used

in the utterances, especially the moral lesson which is on the “99 Cahaya di

Langit Eropa” Movie’s script. The writer hopes that this study will be useful for

the students of English Department who are interested in analyzing the study or

research using pragmatic subject.

 42

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

This thesis deals with the speech act in “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa”

movie’s script. This research conducted by descripive qualitative design, that is

make description of the situation and or event. After classifying and analyzing all

the data the result found that there are 204 utterances that uttered by the main

character’s, namelya Hanum and Rangga.

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that :

1. All types of speech acts is used by the main character’s, namely Hanum and

Rangga in “99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa” movie’s script. There are 204

utterance consist of Directives is 131, (64,21%). Assertives is 40, (19,60%).

Declaratives is 16,(6,37%). Commissive is 9, (4,41%). Expressive is 8,

(3,92%) utterances.

2. After classifiying 204 utterances based on the typse of speech acts, then

found the dominant type. From all types, Directives is the most dominantly

used by the main character’s, namley Hanum and Rangga. It can be seen

from the total number of utterance that is 131 utterances or (64,21%).

3. From the previous analysis, it can be seen that Directives is the most

dominantly type of speech acts used by the main character’s on the movie’s.

There are: advising, asking, begging, challeging, daring, demanding,

forbidding, insisting, inviting, oredering, permitting, recommending,

requesting, and suggesting.

 43

B. Suggestions

In relation to the conclusion above, the following are written as the

suggestion which useful for:

1. Students of English Department especially to Literature Student to learn

more about how Speech Acts used in a text, book and especially a dialogue

or script in the movie.

2. Other researcher who wants to make as reference for the further research to

analyze the five types of Speech Acts. This research can help the further

reseacher to know and understand how the five types of Speech Acts used in

communication.

3. People who loves 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie. It is better for them to

study or understand the Speech Acts that used in the utterances, especially

the main character’s, Hanum and Rangga and to know the purpose of the

utterances.
 44

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Lubis, Dora Theresia. 2007. The Illocutionary Act in Leigh Anne Thohy’s
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Sudaryat, Yayat. 2011. Makna Dalam Wacana: Prinsip-prinsip Semantik dan

Pragmatik. Bandung : CV. Yrama Widya.

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