Violin

Quick Reference:

- Abbreviation : Vln.

- Player : Violinist

- Number of Players : 16-18 first violins, 14-16 second violins

- Range : G3-E7 (G3-B7 for solo and chamber)

- Clef : Treble

- Notation : Sounds as written

- Frequency Range : 195 Hz - 1.6 kHz

more A6 is difficult

Orchestra can only play until E7

Open Strings G D A E

Same register:

- Bottom Range = Dark

- Middle Range = Warm

- Top Range = Bright

Strings Characteristics:

- G String = Deep and Full

- D String = Weaker but warm

- A String = Sweet

- E String = Brilliant

Sul string = asked the player to play on the single strings

ex: more intense play intense in G string - Sul G

play normal = ord.

Techniques :

Legato : Smooth

Staccato : Separated

Spiccato : Bouncing

Tremolo : Tremo

Collegno : Play with the wood (percussive effect)

Sul Tasto : Play on the finger board - light and airy

Sul Ponticello : Play on the bridge - harsh and aggressive

Pizzicato : To plug or pinch in Italian - can be delicate or dramatic or

percussive

Vibrato : Slow or even really fast with every finger with the wrist or
the whole arm

Special sounds/harmonic :

Natural Harmonic : Not completely or just retouch the strings

Artificial Harmonic: Use 2 finger in the strings