7/26/2016 ICMP Interview Questions and Answers | Networker Interview

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ICMP Interview Questions and Answers Search

What is the Internet Control Message Protocol? Search

ICMP is basically a management protocol and messaging service provider for IP. It can provide Hosts with
information about network problems.
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ICMP works at which layer? Questions & Answers PDF
It works at Network Layer.
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Which two elds in the ICMP header is used to identify the intent of ICMP message?
Type and Code.

What are various ICMP messages?

1. Destination Unreachable.
            
2.Bu er Full.
3.Hops/Time Exceeded.
4.Ping.
5.Traceroute.

How Traceroute works?        Click for Preview

1. Firstly, Traceroute creates a UDP packet from the source to destination with a TTL value of 1.
2. Packet reaches the rst router where the router decrements the value of TTL by 1, making packet’s TTL Networker Interview
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value 0 because of which the packet gets dropped.
3. As the packet gets dropped, it sends an ICMP message [Hop/Time exceeded] back to the source.
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4. This is how Traceroute comes to know the rst router’s address and the time taken for the round-trip.
5. It sends two more packets in the same way to get  average round-trip time. First round-trip takes longer Be the first of your friends to like this

than the other two due to the delay in ARP nding the physical address, the address stays in the ARP cache
during the second and the third time and hence the process speeds up.
6. These steps Takes place again and again until the destination has been reached. The only change that
happens is that the TTL is incremented by 1 when the UDP packet is to be sent to next router/host. Like 223 people like this. Be the first of your friends.

7. Once the destination is reached, Time exceeded ICMP message is NOT sent back this time because the
destination has already been reached.
8. But, the UDP packet used by Traceroute speci es the destination port number that is not usually used
for UDP. So, when the destination veri es the headers of the UDP packet, the packet gets dropped
because of improper port being used and an ICMP message [Destination Unreachable] is sent back to the
source.

9. When Traceroute encounters this message, it understands that the destination is reached. Also, The
destination is reached 3 times to get the average round-trip time.

Why there are three columns in traceroute results?

Three probes (change with -q ag) are sent at each ttl setting and a line ***is printed showing the ttl,
address of the gateway and round trip time of each probe( so three * ).

Which ICMP message con rms the traceroute is completed? Networker Interview
Destination Unreachable Message Follow

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7/26/2016 ICMP Interview Questions and Answers | Networker Interview
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