_SPARKCHARTS'
Ce
a ee yr
NOUNS / die NOMEN
Nuns deseibe people places things animals,
Fen neu hese number siguPura anacase.A
nears pret eto mje acces
fectobect pedeateromnate) determines Nase
‘A German nouns are copied and have oe of ree
Somes genders
asc me do
Feminine rns b= ec
ane actives to elect cae, nae ans Benet ae
NUMBER
Singular nove rl o one rg: Buch the boo
Sine lol none velo mate tan oe 8
{te poe Ceman ere a prose ns way
No change spain urges noice aces
Mires andes sens rah
+ Novel change unio sem oe
* Mirvnocse ea
+ Vowel chonge and adding or
GENDER
‘rpotnes orton andte te, llogcel ender
erry erespocted
1 Ger nemtane’ hema] ametean
Ach fered on enter th ch
Specie toms are used fo etngusn between
machen te gt
The Srp frm of most eccyptions ans national
tes rect ditctoran bsogeal fen, ual Dy
‘honing the arise ae sen te ernie on
ge Foes thea poesson
1 ie reson tetera protest
+ Insc eet, vowel changes oer:
PRONOUNS / die PRON
<=
ren
4 tyr
in
th
siete)
om
Ts
‘dor formal intel adres:
2 Sictarm foe
{t-te drat sre
2 ct teal tr
nother cases, isin! terms are usec
2 Ser ieosepesr Oe male se)
1S trankescesar he female ners)
Traaonaty. Geman as retained ie gna mascune
Mie erate We puna)
German nationality regu n e ae)
(te terse] German sv beurre the (me ans
fel ema) Desc (German)
TEE :
Begs: = ere (he ruman big ain oman
ng).
hen tering human eae, Nowe, the reun
‘Sparanancaly mane! Ge ese ernie
ropa to tion bree he nate”
fronoun "ln [as people general an he
yan sn doco (One Sys Ra we)
5 DerMann ston a's the way ta oat
tan man say)
CEE
(eae teacher those endgame:
‘sre me acer
“ong, ltt sha on, and-slendngs |
feminine na patze by ang ies 8
“Shi endings ae feminine anc puazes wn a
Stem vowel eng and ang an = rt
Uinteurtenedgne accommodates.
“kending feminine i fon hve no par
pe er ay ate ome pa
Sesngsan owen rd duo wo
Frou smh QM rat atrenate Sega
CaN]
Tehssne den hun Usee tne dog
You se he dg, ra
si den Hue He see the dog
Itisog onthe te
CASE
‘Sours as deterring bys uncon. The four coves
COT
‘rules in the oman ae (1.5,
+ Subject The person. ee, oF whng pring te
Seo Mogae
biter tothesojecta eset
[Shen hw da Garman shepner) 3
Noun of adres: in Dorn ust Hoon Matos
agentemen
‘arses te aecsae 624 38,2350, 9018
‘ret bjs Te persona ng aed upon, Kaw. oF
(med opie suject chs vara 0 ate 8)
‘rs iowa cite repotions
vet tmpora veletiraips: ch pre eden Tag
Sete taptate moves wey ay)
‘re eres "ere ae C= ton re
mu com Th tare eter gon tae
EXT
1 SL icnteboat 9c actertme nent | SOMeFEQWr endings are gendered incertan ways: | 5 net objects: The personthng or whom te ation
+ Ang Inet ema mwa Fernensernam, |” peed oto whom is dec 0 Erde do
Menorah of se bircs te oes) ‘Ate noun end nt are mance ote | un ca soe ve te dg thet)
ours otowing atv prepostion 608
Datie verbs: Common date verbs cud ntworen
bebe someone, xv objets iruly ae peo
bie ence, sor en refer fo nent
indcatrg penonl iavemen of redton.
Ea
1 Relaonthipe voweon two rau usualy denoted
In Engh bythe preposition “enn
+ Noun fon genitive pepostios: io 20
Unvsch ante ser sree (Meneses beyond
ih me)
“seh tyou)
“im
Sets du mi Ooyou seme?)
Teva ih on 388 yu, Fronk
IDoyou see him gonenea?
Seer
=
Se yeu)
soma!
wie two)
leo
{rk oo, ons und Hee
(hf! __Nutrewihe people Hors ond Hepa)
‘eth! Siekarnen ns hey row us
| Strat ster Se dos Buch mie Hore
| tonmplh __Geyousee he bok gentemen
~ + Toastngubh between Bese forms, ow exes se
Fane tora sing) and ve un ets an
‘nae: mtrma pura or tea me
= FES te. Say ermal gu a
eve enermen forma pura rhe ems
ws a
(Ooyousee un Me Soh?
Tense ach Hone und Fel
[see you Hons ond aga
(Gayousee them Ns Smit?)
(don sc you genome
‘sah pou)
i
them
| odPee een)
feel schicken Se mds Bu Fs
Sande he boo, Sth
“oud yc ce den et rok
f'Sg" send you he ter, rn
en ih re rk
Wiha Scuttle
Ta sex ox sb moto
[Sheol he book but adr give Wo te
‘retue)ScichanS ue dene Fs
[send wear Ms, S|
“ach pool Wir cite ech do ach Hone
tip
Helga
Wat sry ibook, Mon nd alge
Ter oc si en dich
Roe tend ict Ben deh
[risandyouhe books geaman |
ESTE
env pronouns afi back on other nouns nd
youre
ry ah el eal otal
‘ch ech yourse in
TS
rndiate posession of
(yeu hove my book oni”
en your Nh nk, dln Buch abe ch
Ione! ne
No, Fon, dot have your
nab ne her
Ihave ebook
‘thee Dass ch
at ha ook
son Wor aan Tie?
‘rou oben Si tr ch Sti?
hose or or book |
“oer four)
(tpt
Hob ae cher Hane ued
{Do you hove yourboks, Hons
tnd alge
fendigs he cele thes
‘topped. and ms becomes
‘Serrending
Se bene Bicher
the hove er books
[0 you hove your books
entemert
“Weitein
inte
Seton
rp
ARTICLES / die ARTIKEL
‘icles oe placed bere nus i
rang he
vote dap
5 Socneater srr te 8000
NOM de de dos de
(wisest pra ons a spor-x Con te,
+ erode wera kee) a ae
sents thesame ene" we ad (a ae
INDEFINITE ARTICLES
rasan in aoe
+ cote artes ae sectnoa ste ao-words, so
ne odd son eal tthe a
some mascuine and ster nuns ao
+ emg The wor a nt ad possess
ono se ead e-werde an ar ene ae
nae ae Kata eo ee st
TEESE
Use dni ore it
Ee
es
Ea
Wargo don Ter?
{What sing on the ot
Wert on bn”
(Wo e0dng he book
Wer soon Se. ra?
(whom So you sae Ms Sra
Twnom do ive he book
Wesson ich iss?
[wore books
FTEs
Belov pronoun rele back oh no
Case the elt preraun de (whe) Is ccsatve
1 be rege pronaun he obec of preeton, he
rover errr
SPARKCHARTS gue
+ mame feng streets geogrptielspeces:
+ Tenor! engrssons Me dys of the wee, mots,
Siebenen toe dem Frihstick were pg ater
+ nett ke ures, rons eho, chrches
inne tage
i
j
'
i
+ ans costa, = ans
f necosin, AGC 5
SaaS
Gussenes or ving nei rtisas
‘oe sseqon erences se dere sO
womars name 6 geo Bachman)
+ meingent art ual omits when refering to
prope ypotessin reign ratory arthees auasad
ADJECTIVES / die ADJEKTIVE
There are wo pes ol descriptive odes: preccae ond are eer eee ey
+ recat dcr ine este fe} = bean sen tore —— ee om
ment erm mesepcteniinereerare su tewenen sco lS SS ac
* Raw enirer strona ye pr: han, et ees thay | ACES teetoy etre
(CRT =A <2
on paver recoetey reer eto
a Ce
(ACE_desingeie—eesanetate dese ota —Gerinpeaae — | Ae petal ——sherokom oa
Taf aexnlogntat des'sheaniaa aera harper xt sorertone ao
GOL sesingrtier dewretinion des dwrbche dese inpriase — | GEN lenges —siverkane ahr —