A shape factor equal to 0.8 shall be considered for cylinders projected area.

For hydraulic test condition, 50% of design wind pressure shall be considered.
Wind pressures shall be assumed to act on the projected surface area of the
pressure vessel and shall include due allowances for platforms, ladders, piping,
insulation, and equipment supported from the pressure vessel as specified on the
data sheet.
o Earthquake Loads
Seismic design loads shall be carried out in accordance with the earthquake
regulations of the current edition of U.S. Uniform Building Code UBC1997.
 Wind-induced Vibration
Vertical vessels shall be checked for wind-induced vibration by the Vessel Manufacturer
when the vessel’s height/diameter ratio exceeds 10:1.
The maximum allowable static deflection due to wind in operating conditions shall be H/200,
where H is the height of tower. In any case, deflection must comply with process
requirements, if any.
The structure can be considered safe when fatigue stresses do not exceed those provided by
ASME VIII Div. 2.
 Weight of Liquid Contents
The maximum operating liquid level(s) of the vessel shall be shown on the data sheet,
together with the density of the liquid.
The liquid level of liquid on trays shall be included when calculating the operating weight.