PILE DESIGN

Reference: IS 2911(Part 1/Sec 3)-2010 ( Design for Bored cat in situ Pile)

DATA:
Type of Pile: Bored cast in situ.
Dia. Of pile =1.20m (Normally adopted for Bridge work)
Length of Pile below pile cap=18.0m
Depth of top of pilecap below ground level=45cm.
Grade of Concrete: M35
Reinforcement Grade: Fe 500.clear cover to main reinforcement: 75mm
Soil Parameters:
Dry density of soil =18KN/m3
Submerged density of soil = 10 KN/m3
Angle of internal friction = 28 degree. Angle of wall friction between pile and soil =22.5
deg. (maximum as per code)
Cohesion = Nil.

DESIGN:
Vertical Load Carrying capacity of pile :
As per Appendix B.1 of Is2911(Part 1/Sec 2)-2010

=∏ x 1.22/4= 1.131 m2
=1.20m

=unit weight (Submerged) =10KN/m3

=17.80 { for Ѳ =28.0 deg as per IS 6403-1971}

=Pile length limit to 15 to 20 times pile dia

=10x(0.45 + 1.8+20x1.2) or
= 10 x( 0.45 +1.8+15 x 1.2) =202.5 KN/m2
 =Bearing capacity factor( for Ѳ=28.0 deg )=15.3
(From Fig. 1 of Appendix B of IS 2911 -2010)

= 1.5 as per Appendix B of IS2911(Part1/sec2)-2010

PD1=Effective overburden pressure at pile cap bottom.

= 10x (0.45 +1.8) =22.5KN/m2

PD2=Effective overburden pressure at pile toe.

= 10x (0.45 +1.8+18) =202.5KN/m2
Φ = Angle of wall friction=22.5 deg.
As1=Surface area of pile stem in the 1st layer
= Π xDxL=3.14 x1.2x18=67.80m2
As2= Surface area of pile stem in the 2nd layer
=Π x D x (L-20x Dia) =0
Q1= 1.131 x(0.5 x 1.20 x 10 x17.8 + 202.5 x 15.3) + [(22.5 x +202.5/2) x 67.80+
202.5 x 0.000] x 1.50 tan 22.5
= 3625 +4740 =8365 KN
Ultimate Bearing Capacity of pile =8365 KN
Factor of safety =2.50
Net Bearing Capacity = Qu/FOS = 8365/2.5= 3350KN.

Horizontal Load carrying capacity of pile :

The long flexible pile, fully or partially embedded, is treated as a cantilever fixed
at some depth below the ground level. The maximum lateral load on any pile
under normal condition should not exceed the value corresponding to 5 mm
horizontal deflection (i.e at cutoff level).
To find fixity depth:
Referring to Appendix C given in Fig 3

LF= Depth of fixity

L1= Height above ground level of lateral forces

E= Modulus of elasticity of concrete= 5000 sqrt 35 = 29580 MPa for M35 concrete.
I=Moment of Inertia of pile in cm4 =3.14 x 1.24 x/64 = 0.1018 m4

=( For medium sand in submerged condition)=0.525kg/cm2

T= {( 29580 x 100) x 0.1018 x 108 }1/5
{ 0.525 }

=356 cm
L1= 0 for fixity head piles.
For fixed head piles in sand and normally loaded clays. From Fig 3 of Appendix C
LF/T = Depth of fixity =2.18
LF = 2.18 x T =2.18 x 3.56 =7.76m
Length of equivalent cantilever = L1+ Lf
Pile head deflection y = Q (L1 +Lf)3 /12EI
or Q= 12EI y/(L1+Lf)3

Where
Q= Lateral load capacity of pile
y= 5mm =0.5 cm

Q= 12 x 29580 x 10 x 0.1018 x 108 x 0.5 / 7763 = 38664 kg

or Q= 380KN

Maximum moment on Pile:

Fixed End moment in a fixed head pile is given by

FEM= Q (L1+Lf)/2
Actual Maximum moment in pile M=m x Q(L1+Lf)/2
Where M= Maximum moment on pile
M= Reduction factor
For L1/T =0 and piles in sands and normally loaded clays,
m= 0.82 ( from Fig 4 of Appendix C, corresponding to L1/R or L1/T)
M= 0.82 x 380 x 7.76/2 =1200KN.m
Design of Pile Reinforcement:
Under the governing seismic load case, if axial force and bending moment in a pile are
500KN and 1100 Kn.m design the reinforcement in the pile.
Allowable stress in concrete =11.67 MPa for M35 concrete.
Allowable stress in steel =240 MPa for Fe 500 steel.
For seismic condtion the above stresses are increased by 50%.0 Reinforcement
required is 1% that is 115 cm2
Mini. Steel required is 0.4%.
Hence provide 15No.25 mm bars + 15 No. 20mm bars. These bars can be curtailed
after the depth of fixity. i.e. 7.76m + Development length (40 times bar
dia=7.76+40x25/1000= 9.0m below the pile cutoff level.
Curtail 25mm bars, thus 15 No.20mm bars will continue up to the pile toe.

SKETCH:

Enclosed separately