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Design of Strap or Cantilever Footings SD PDF
Design of Strap or Cantilever Footings SD PDF
Footings
• A strap footing is used in the following two cases
1. When X’ < L/3
2. When the distance between the two columns is so large that
a combined footing becomes excessively long and narrow.
• Design Assumptions
– strap is infinitely rigid
– strap is a pure flexural member and does not take soil
reaction. (To confirm with this, strap is constructed slightly
above soil or soil under strap is loosened).
a1 a2
Strap
b2
b1 b’ b’’
a’ a’’
WS XS
P1 XC P2
a1 a2
a2
a1
XR
a’/2 R2
e
R1
a/2
1. a) Assume a1 and establish the eccentricity, e of the soil
reaction force R1.
a1 a '
e
2
e X C X R
R2
• For square footing b2 a 2
a2
b2
b1 40cm 40
30cm 30
WS XS
900kN 600cm 1080kN
a1 a2
ult
ult
XR
15cm R2
e
R1
a/2
SOLUTION
• Proportioning of footing
• Trial 1
• Assume a1 = 3.00m
• Then e = (3.00/2)- 0.15 = 1.35m
• XR = 6.00-e = 6.00- 1.35 = 4.65m
• Since the distribution per meter run under the pad is different
for each pad, a second trial should be made
• Trial 2
• Take a1 = 2.50m
• Then e = (2.50/2)- 0.15 = 1.10m
• XR = 6.00-e = 6.00- 1.1. = 4.90m
• 4.90*R1 = 6.00*900 R1 = 1102.04kN
• b1 = R1/(a1 ult) = 1102.04 /( 2.50*100) =4.41, use b1 = 4.45m
• Dimension of footing 1 2.50 x 4.45m
440
445 40cm 40
30cm 30
66.12kN
SFD
0.15+d
438.98kN
833.88kN
783.74kN-m
737.44kN-m
202.01kN-m
BMD
4.96kN-m
219.49 kN-m
• Thickness of the footings Y
Y Footing 2
Footing 1
0.4 +3d
0.4 +3d
X
440
40 40
445
X
30 30
250 200
• Punching shear
• Footing 1
Take d= 0.40m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017
k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085
k2 = 1.6 – d =1.6 -0.4 = 1.20
u1 = Pr1 =0.90+0.90+1.60 =3.40m
• Net shear force developed under column 1
Vd= 900 -*(0.90*1.60), =R1/a1*b1= 99.06kPa
Vd= 900 -99.06*(0.90*1.60) =757.35kN
• Punching shear resistance under column 1
Vup = 0.25fctd k1k2ud (MN)
• Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.20*3.40*0.40
=442.68kN < Vd .. Not OK!
• Since the developed shear force is greater than the punching
shear resistance, one may increase the depth
Take d= 0.55m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017
k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085
k2 = 1.6 – d =1.6 -0.55 = 1.05
u1 = Pr1 =1.125+1.125+2.05=4.30m
• Net shear force developed under column 1
Vd= 900 - 99.06 *(1.125*2.05) =671.54kN
• Punching shear resistance under column 1
Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.05*4.3*0.55 = 673.58kN >Vd … OK!
• Y- direction
• The developed shear force in direction Y may be estimated as
for the case of an isolated footing
• Developed shear
1.475m
• Vd = 99.06(1.475* 2.50)=365.28kN
• Wide beam shear resistance 0.55
4.45m
• Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.05*2.50*0.53
= 377.38kN > Vd .............OK!
2.50m
• Footing 2
• Punching shear
Take d= 0.40m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017
k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085
k2 = 1.60 – d =1.60 -0.40 = 1.20
u2 = Pr2 =1.50+1.50+1.60 +1.60 =6.20m
•
• Net shear force developed under column 2
Vd= 1080 -*(1.50*1.60), =R2/a2*b2= 99.77kPa
Vd= 1080 -99.77*(1.50*1.60) =840.55kN
• Punching shear resistance under column 2
Vup = 0.25fctd k1k2ud (MN)
• Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.20*6.20*0.40
= 807.24 kN < Vd .. Not OK! , increase the depth.
• Y- direction 1.55m
0.45
• Developed shear
4.40m
• Vd = 99.77(1.55* 2.00)=309.29kN
• Wide beam shear resistance
• Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.15*2.00*0.43
= 268.27kN < Vd .............NOT OK! 2.00m
4.40m
• Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.05*2.00*0.53
= 301.90kN >Vd ............ OK!
2.00m
• Moment capacity of concrete
• Footing 1
– X – direction , Capacity of concrete
M 0 . 32 f cd bd
2
4 . 45 0 . 55
2
0 . 32 11 . 33 10
3
• Capacity of concrete
M 0 . 32 f cd bd
2
2 . 50 0 . 53
2
0 . 32 11 . 33 10
3
2546 . 08 kN m M d
.... Ok !
• Footing 2
– X – direction, Capacity of concrete
M 0 . 32 f cd bd
2
0 . 32 11 . 33 10 4 . 40 0 . 55
3 2
– Y-direction
2
( 2 . 00 )
M d
99 . 77 *
– Developed * 2 . 0 399 . 08 kN m
moment
2
– Capacity of concrete
M 0 . 32 * 11 . 33 x10 * 2 . 0 * ( 0 . 53 )
3 2
– Capacity
2036 . 86 of
kNconcrete
m M d .......... .OK !
• Calculation of Reinforcements
– Footing 1
– X-direction
– From BMD , M = 783.74kN-m
f cd 2M
1 1 2
f yd f cd bd
11 . 33 2 * 783 . 74
1 1 0 . 0023 min .... ok !
11 . 33 10 4 . 45 0 . 55
3 2
260 . 87
As bd 0 . 0023 445 55 56 . 29 cm
2
• Y-direction
• Md =507.76kN-m
11 . 33 2 * 507 . 76
1 1 0 . 0029 min .... ok !
11 . 33 10 2 . 50 0 . 53
3 2
260 . 87
As bd 0 . 0029 250 53 38 . 425 cm
2
• Use = 20, as = 3.14cm2
No. of bars , n= 38.425/3.14 =12.2, use 13 bars
Spacing = (250-2*5)/ (n-1) =20cm
Use 13 20 c/c 200mm ( bottom reinforcement)
11 . 33 2 * 219 . 49
1 1 0 . 0006 min
11 . 33 10 4 . 40 0 . 55
3 2
260 . 87
As min bd 0 . 0017 440 55 41 . 14 cm
2
11 . 33 2 * 399 . 08
1 1 0 . 0028 min .... ok !
11 . 33 10 2 . 00 0 . 53
3 2
260 . 87
As bd 0 . 0028 200 53 29 . 68 cm
2
f yd 2 260 . 87
ld 130 . 44 cm
4 f bd 4 1
b2
b1 40cm 40
30cm 30
WS XS
900kN 600cm 1080kN
80kN-m 100kN-m
a1 a2
ult
ult
XR
15cm R2
e
R1
a/2