Antidotes

• Acetaminophen - N-acetylcysteine
• Anticholinergics - physostigmine salicylate
• Arsenic, gold, lead, copper or mercury - chelation therapy
with dimercaprol (also known as British anti-Lewisite or BAL)
• Benzodiazepines - flumazenil
• Beta blockers - glucagon
• Calcium channel blockers - glucagon, calcium chloride,
calcium gluconate
• Cholinergics - atropine, pralidoxime
• Cyanide - amyl nitrate, followed by sodium nitrate, followed
by sodium thiosulfate; hyperbaric oxygen chamber
• Digitalis/digoxin - digoxin immune fab
• Ethylene glycol - ethanol and fomepizole
• Heparin - protamine sulfate
• Iron - deferoxamine
• Magnesium sulfate - calcium gluconate
• Methanol - ethanol and fomepizole
• Organophosphate nerve agent - atropine
• Organophosphate or carbamate insecticide poisoning -
atropine
• Opioids (codeine, morphine) - naloxone
• Snakes (rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, coral
snake) - antivenin (Micrurus fulvius) Crotalidae Polyvalent
Immune Fab
• Spiders (black widow) - Antivenin (Latrodectus mactans)
• Vasopressor extravasation - phentolamine mesylate
• Warfarin - phytonadione (vitamin K)