Phase III Core List

Dean’s Office, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine

Contents

Core Problems
By Alphabet 03
By Phase 08

Core Conditions
Orthopaedic Surgery 13
Surgery 17
Medicine 27

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Core Problems (By Alphabet)
Phase

Abdominal Distension III

Abdominal Mass III

Abdominal Pain II

Abnormal Calcium And Phosphate III

Abnormal Electrolytes III

Acutely Ill Adult (In Shock) IV

Allergic Reactions III

AMS (Delirium, Confusion, Hallucination) IV

Ano-Rectal Pain, Discomfort III

Anxiety IV

B
Back And/Or Neck Pain III

Bereavement IV

Bipolar Disorder IV

Bleeding In General II

Blood In GI Tract II

Blood In Sputum, Hemoptysis II

Blood In Urine II

Blood Sugar Abnormality (Thirst And Polyuria) II

Burn IV

3
C
Cervical Screening (Abnomal Pap Smear) IV

Changes In Bowel Habit III

Changes In Skin Colour, Cyanosis III

Chest Pain / Chest Discomfort / Angina II

Contraceptive Advice, Family Planning IV

Cough/Sputum II

D
Depresssion IV

Developmental Delay/Development Disorder III

Diarrhoea III

Difficulty In Swallowing, Dysphagia III

Disordered Thoughts Hallucinations IV

Disturbed Consciousness, Coma IV

Dizziness, Vertigo III

Dyspnoea, Breathlessness, Respiratory Distress, Shortness Of Breath II

E
Ear Pain IV

Easy Bruising, Purpura III

Emerging Infectious Diseases IV

Enlarged Liver (Hepatomegaly) III

Enlarged Spleen (Splenomegaly) III

F
Falls / Collapse, Syncope IV

Family Violence V

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Fever / Temperature Abnormality II

Gait Disturbances / Unsteady Gait (Muscle Weakness, Joint Instability) III

H
Headache III

Health Maintenance III

Hearing / Change / Deafness IV

Hemiplegia / Hemi Sensory Loss With Or Without Aphasia III

Hoarseness Of Voice / Dypshonia IV

I
Incontinence In Stool III

Incontinence In Urine III

Infertility And Subfertility IV

Intellectual Deterioration, Memory Loss, Dementia III

Itching / Pruritus III

Joint Pain and Swelling II

L
Lipid Abnormality III

Lump In Neck II

Menstrual Disturbances IV

Movement Disorders, Involuntary Movements, Tremors III

Murmur, Abnormal Heart Sounds II

5
N
Numbness, Parasthesia, Tingling III

O
Oedema III

Oliguria III

Oral Lesion / Ulcer IV

P
Pain In General II

Palliative Care III

Pallor, Anaemia III

Palpitation / Alternation Of Heart Rhythm And Rate II

Peri-Operative Care III

Poisoning IV

Poor Weight Gain, Failure To Thrive III

Pregnancy IV

Protein In Urine III

Raised Blood Pressure III

Red / Painful Eye IV

S
Scrotal Swelling (Lump In Groin), Pain In Testes III

Seizure, Epilepsy, Fits IV

Self Harm IV

Sexual Dysfunction IV

Sick Child (Paediatric Emergency, Acutely Ill Child) IV

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Skin Pigmentation, Ulcers III

Skin Rash And Eruption III

Somatisation IV

Sore Throat, Itchy Throat, Rhinitis III

Stridor IV

Substance / Drug Abuse And Other Dependence / Addictive Behaviour IV

Sudden Death, Cardiac Arrest IV

Swollen Lymph Glands III

Trauma/Accidents IV

Vaginal Bleeding Abnormal Or Excessive IV

Vaginal Discharge / Itch IV

Visual Loss IV

Vomiting / Anorexia / Nausea III

Weakness Generalised III

Weight Loss Or Gain / Alteration In Weight III

Wheezing, Respiratory Difficulty II

White Blood Cell, Abnormalities In III

Work And Employment Related Issues III

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Problem List (By Phase)

Phase II
Abdominal Pain

Bleeding In General

Blood In GI Tract

Blood In Sputum, Hemoptysis

Blood In Urine

Blood Sugar Abnormality (Thirst And Polyuria)

Chest Pain / Chest Discomfort / Angina

Cough/Sputum

Dyspnoea, Breathlessness, Respiratory Distress, Shortness Of Breath

Fever / Temperature Abnormality

Joint Pain and Swelling

Lump In Neck

Murmur, Abnormal Heart Sounds

Pain In General

Palpitation / Alternation Of Heart Rhythm And Rate

Wheezing, Respiratory Difficulty

Phase III

Abdominal Distension

Abdominal Mass

Abnormal Calcium And Phosphate

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Phase III - Continued
Abnormal Electrolytes

Allergic Reactions

Ano-Rectal Pain, Discomfort

Back And/Or Neck Pain

Changes In Bowel Habit

Changes In Skin Colour, Cyanosis

Developmental Delay / Development Disorder

Diarrhoea

Difficulty In Swallowing, Dysphagia

Dizziness, Vertigo

Easy Bruising, Purpura

Enlarged Liver (Hepatomegaly)

Enlarged Spleen (Splenomegaly)

Gait Disturbances / Unsteady Gait (Muscle Weakness, Joint Instability)

Headache

Health Maintenance

Hemiplegia / Hemi Sensory Loss With Or Without Aphasia

Incontinence In Stool

Incontinence In Urine

Intellectual Deterioration, Memory Loss, Dementia

Itching / Pruritus

Lipid Abnormality

Movement Disorders, Involuntary Movements, Tremors

Numbness, Parasthesia, Tingling

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Phase III - Continued
Oedema

Oliguria

Palliative Care

Pallor, Anaemia

Peri-Operative Care

Poor Weight Gain, Failure To Thrive

Protein In Urine

Raised Blood Pressure

Scrotal Swelling (Lump In Groin), Pain In Testes

Skin Pigmentation, Ulcers

Skin Rash And Eruption

Sore Throat, Itchy Throat, Rhinitis

Swollen Lymph Glands

Vomiting / Anorexia / Nausea

Weakness Generalised

Weight Loss Or Gain / Alteration In Weight

White Blood Cell, Abnormalities In

Work And Employment Related Issues

Phase IV
Acutely Ill Adult (In Shock)

AMS (Delirium, Confusion, Hallucination)

Anxiety

Bereavement

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Phase IV - Continued
Bipolar Disorder

Burn

Cervical Screening (Abnomal Pap Smear)

Contraceptive Advice, Family Planning

Depresssion

Disordered Thoughts Hallucinations

Disturbed Consciousness, Coma

Ear Pain

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Falls / Collapse, Syncope

Hearing / Change / Deafness

Hoarseness Of Voice / Dypshonia

Infertility And Subfertility

Menstrual Disturbances

Oral Lesion / Ulcer

Poisoning

Pregnancy

Red / Painful Eye

Seizure, Epilepsy, Fits

Self Harm

Sexual Dysfunction

Sick Child (Paediatric Emergency, Acutely Ill Child)

Somatisation

Stridor

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Phase IV - Continued

Substance / Drug Abuse And Other Dependence / Addictive Behaviour

Sudden Death, Cardiac Arrest

Trauma/Accidents

Vaginal Bleeding Abnormal Or Excessive

Vaginal Discharge / Itch

Visual Loss

Phase V

Family Violence

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Core Conditions: Orthopaedic Surgery
Must Know, Must See Must Know, Good To See Good To Know, Good To See

Trauma Severly Injured Patient

Massive Blood Loss

Major Vascular Injury Wiith

Fractures/Dislocations

Amputations (Or "Near" Amputation

Of Limbs)

Open Fractures- Grades

(Classification), Including Hand
Injuries, Debridement, Stabilisation,
Infection, Union

Common Fractures and Dislocations

In Adults/Children Including Hand
Injuries

Supracondylar # Elbow In Children

Spinal Cord Compression / Injury

Acute Compartment Syndrome Of

Limbs

Fat Embolism Syndromes

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Spine Pathological #S Spine Scoliosis And Kyphosis (Other
Causes)
Spondylolysis
Primary Tuours Of Spine
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Spinal Fusion and Instrumentation
Senile Kyphosis

Ankylosisng Spondylitis

Ortho Treatment Principles Of Plaster Techniques Limb Lengthening and

Principles Correctiveprocedures
Principles Of Physiotherapy
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Principles Of Occupational Therapy
Basic Biomechanics
Principles Of Traction
Arthroscopic Procedures

Knee Ligament Reconstruction

Total Joint Reconstruction-

Implants and Surgical Techniques

Avascular Necrosis Of Bone-

Surgicaltechniques

Vascular Acute Ischaemic Limb-Thrombosis

and Embolism

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Infection Acute Bone and Joint Infections Aids & Orthopaedics

Dm, Necrotising Fasciitis

Enthesiopathy- Trigger Finger, Frozen Shoulder

Aetiopathogenesis / Mx
Tennis Elbow, Golfer's Elbow

Tendinits

Degenerative and Oa Of Major Joints Eg Hip,

Inflammatory Joint Shoulderaetiology, Diagnosis, Mx-
Diseases Conservative; Surgical (Osteotomy,
Joint Replacement

Rheumatoid Arthritis-Hand, Major

Joint Involvement

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Gout

Osteoporosis (Hip, Spine, Wrist)

Aetiology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis,
Mx

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Neuromuscular Common Nerve Entrapment Brachial Plexus Palsy
Problems Syndromescarpal Tunnel Syndrome,
Ulnar Entrapment Sydrome (Elbow
and Wrist)

Parlaysis Of Limbs

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Paediatric Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip Growth Chart And Assessment Of

Orthopaedics Bone Age In Children
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus

Cerebral Palsy

Perthes' Disease

Torticollis

Marfan's Syndrome

Arthrogryphosis

Scoliosis-Congenital, Idiopathic
Adolescent

Oncology Bone & Soft Tissue Neoplasms Common Benign Tumours, Bone Musculoskeletal Oncology
Cysts, Ganglionscommon Malignant
Tumours Limb Salvage Surgery For
Malignancy

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Core Conditions: Surgery
Must Know, Must See Must Know, Good To See Good To Know, Good To See

Thyroid Multinodular Goitre
Follicular And Papillary Cancers
Thyrotoxicosis Especially Graves Rarer Goitres Eg Familial and
Disease Endemic
Congenital Abnormalities, Riedels, Bacterial & Subacute
Thyroiditis
Adenoma,

Anaplastic And Medullary Cancer,

Lymphoma,

Hashimotos Thyroiditis

Oral Lesions Benign Ulcers Geographic Tongue

Papillomas Epulis

Lingual Thyroid

Ranulas

Leukoplakia

Carcinoma Of The Tongue & Oral

Cavity

Neck Space Infection Eg Ludwigs

Angina, Para/Retropharyngeal

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 Abscess

Neck Swellings Branchial Cysts/Sinus Pharangeal Pouch

Midline Dermoids Laryngocoele

Cystic Hygroma Cervical Rib

Causes Of Cervical Lymph Nodes

Enlargement

Carotid Body Tumour, Thyroglossal

Cysts

Salivary Gland Benign And Malignant Tumour Sjogrens Disease

Infections, Including Sialectasis, Muklics Disease

Stone Disease

Esophagus Carcinoma Acalasia, Caustic Injury And Webs

Perforation
Reflux Esophagitis Diverticulum
Mallory - Weiss Syndrome
Boerhaaves Syndrome
Hiatal Hernia, Foreign Bodies
Motility Disorders

Plummer Vinson Syndrome

Scleroderma, Chagas Disease

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Stomach Peptic Ulceration, -Bleeding & Pyloric Stenosis Benign Gastric Tumours (Polyps)
Perforated Ulcer
Gastric Lymphoma Volvulus, Acute Dilation
Acute Gastric Erosions/Ulcers
Chronic Gastritis
Gastric Cancer
Delafouy Lesion

Small Bowel Post-Operative Adhesions Benign Tumours & Polyposis Enterocutaneous Fistulae
Syndromes
Short Gut Syndrome
Angiodyspalsia
Campylobacter /Yersinia Infections
Crohns Disease
Typhoid
Ulcerative Colitis(Includes Colon)
Actinomycosis
Meckels Diverticulum
Amoebiasis
TB (Includes Colon)
Radiation Enteropathy
Intussusseption

Volvulus, Ischemic Disease Of The

Bowel (Includes Colon)

Ogilveys Syndrome

Carcinomatosis Peritonei

Internal Hernias

Appendix Appendicitis Appendix Tumours

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Colon And Rectum Colon And Rectal Carcinoma Anal Carcinoma Chronic Constipation & Megacolon

Diverticular Disease Rectovaginal Fistulae

Perianal Conditions - Fistulae, Radiation Proctitis, Rectal Prolapse

Abcess, Fissures And Haemorrhoids
Anal Canal - Basiloid Carcinoma,
Malignant Melanoma, Basal Cell
Carcinoma

Incontenence Including Solitary

Rectal Ulcer, And Descending
Perineum Syndrome

Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Liver Abscess Biliary Cystadenoma

Liver Metastasis Cirrhosis Carolis Disease

Portal Hypertension And Varices Hydatid Disease

Haemangoima Adenomas

Simple Cysts Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Liver Transplant

Biliary System Biliary Colic / Chronic Cholecystitis Empyema. Gall Bladder Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Acute Cholecystitis Cholangiocarcinoma Emphysematous Cholecystitis

Choledocholithiasis Periampullary Carcinoma Granulamatous Cholecystitis

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 Mucocoele Acalculous Cholecystitis

Gallbladder Carcinoma Mirrizis Syndrome

Gallstone Ileus Parasitic Infestations

Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis

Traumatic Bile Duct Stricture

Choledochal Cyst

Abdominal Wall/Hernia Wound Infection (Including Dehiscence Of Wounds Omphalitis, Urachal Cyst
Laparoscopic)
Pecrotising Fascitis Patent Urachus
Inguinal Hernia
Femoral Hernia Obturator Hernia

Midline Hernia Lumbar Hernia,

Inscisional Hernia, Sliding And Spigelian Hernia.

Richter's Hernia
Desmoid Tumour

Acute Abdomen Peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Perforated Viscus Peritoneal Abscess Mesothelioma

Surgical Treatment Of Ascites

Peritoneal TB

Breast Fibroadenoma Fibroadenosis Mammary Duct Ectasia

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 Breast Cancer Congenital Abnormalities Mondors Disease

Infections, Carcinoma In Situ

Philloides Tumour

Parathyroid Hyperplasia

Adenoma And Carcinoma

Secondary And Tertiary

Hyperparathyroidism

Spleen Splenic Trauma (ATLS) Conditions Benefited By

Splenectomy

Complications Of Splenectomy

Adrenal Cushings Syndrome- Adrenal Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia

Adenoma Or Carcinoma

Conns Syndrome

Pheochromocytoma

MEN Syndromes

Venous/Lymphatic Varicose Veins Deep Vein Thrombosis AV Fistulas

Disease
Post Phlebetic Leg Klippel Trenauny Syndrome

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 Varicose Ulcers & Perforator
Incompetence
Neurosurgery Head Injury - Primary & Secondary
Brain Injury
Acute Extradural & Subdural
Haematoma
Chronic Subdural Haematoma.
Spontaneuous Intracranial
Haemorrhagehypertension,
Aneurysm, AVM
Plastic Surgery Sebaceous Cyst Burns - Therapy Of The Burn Wound
Lipoma Smoke Inhalation Syndrome
Pressure Sores
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst
Dermoid Cyst
Pilonidal Cyst & Sinus
Arteriovenous Malformations
Haemangioma
Brain Tumours -Primary And
Secondary
Spinal Cord Compression --
Secondariesneurofibromas
Meningiomas
Kerathoacanthoma
Sweat Gland Carcinoma,
Haemangiopericytoma
Glomus Tumour
Reconstructive Surgery - Breast,
Chest & Abdominal Wall
Cleft Lip & Palate, Craniofacial
Anomaliesfacial Fractures
Principles Of Aesthetic Surgery,
Skin Graft & Flaps Tissue
Expansion
23
 Lymphatic Malformations

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Fibrosarcoma

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Melanoma & Pigmented Lesions

Including Moles, Pyogenic Granuloma
Peripheral Nerve Tumours. Warts

Urology Urinary Stones Renal Cell Carcinoma Penile Cancer

Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Testicular Tumours Renal Transplant

Bladder Carcinoma Infections Of The Urinary Tract And

Their Complications
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Urological Trauma

Urethral Strictures

Torsion Of The Testis

Urinary Incontinence

Erectile Dysfunction

Cardiothoracic Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Pulmonary Embolism Lung Metastases,

Vascular Surgery Disease (Ischemic Leg)
Bronchiectasis, Lung Abscess,

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 Aortic Dissection, Aortic Aneurysm Chest Empyema

Valvular Heart Disease

Congenital Heart Diseases

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Coronary Artery Disease

Lung Cancer

Paediiatric Surgery Acute Appendicitis Neonatal Surgery – Care Of

Intussuception
Intestinal Obstruction
Biliary Atresia, Choledochol Cyst
Neonate In Peri-Operative Period,
Intestinal Obstruction In The
Neonate, Tracheo-Oesophageal
Fistula, Diaphragmatic Hernia

Pyloric Stenosis

Tracheo-Oesophageal Fistula

Diaphragmatic Hernia

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Intestinal Obstruction In The Neonate

Hernias

Hypospadias

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Hydrocele

Undescended Testis / Torsion Testis

Head And Neck Lumps

Dermoid, Lymphadenitis

Abscesses

Congenital Sinuses And Fistula

Cyctic Hygromas

Haemangiomas, Omphalocele

Urology - Pelvic Ureteric Obstruction,

Vesico-Ureteric Reflux

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Core Conditions: Medicine
Must Know, Must See Must Know, Good To See Good To Know, Good To See

Cardiology Coronary Artery Disease (IHD, AMI, Mitral Valve Prolapse Pulmonary Hypertension
Stable And Unstable Angina)
Infective Endocarditis Aortic Aneurysms
Cardiac Failure (Congestive Cardiac
Failure, Cor Pulmonale, Acute Peripheral Vascular Disease Takayashu's Disease
Pulmonary Oedema)
Malignant Or Accelerated Myocarditis
Hypertension & Its Major Complications Hypertension
Pericardial Diseases
Valvular Heart Disease (Aortic Valve, Secondary Causes Of Hypertension
Mitral Valve)
Pulmonary Embolism
Lipid Abnormalities

Patients With Prosthetic Valves

Common Cardiac Arrhythmias e.g.

Atrial Fibrillation, Ventricular Ectopics,
PAT

Cardiomyopathy

27
Pulmonology Asthma Sleep Disorder Breathing (OSA) Fibrosing Alveolitis

Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Pneumothorax Empyema, Lung Abscess

Pneumonia Acute Respiratory Distress

Syndrome
Pulmonary TB
Pneumoconiosis
Pleural Effusion

Lung Cancer

Bronchiectasis

Nephrology Acute Renal Failure Polycystic Kidneys Renal Transplant Patients

Chronic Renal Failure Acute Glomerulonephritis

Nephrotic Syndrome Asymptomatic Haematuria &

Proteinuria
Pyelonephritis, UTI

Patients With Electrolyte And Acid Base

Disorders (Hypo- & Hypernatraemia,
Hypo- & Hyperkalaemia

Patients On Chronic Haemodialysis And

Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

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Gastroenterology Peptic Ulcer Disease Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Non-Ulcer Liver Transplant Patients
Dyspepsia
Chronic Liver Disease
Liver Abscess
Liver Cirrhosis
Acute/Chronic Pancreatitis
Gastroenteritis
Chronic Diarrhoea/Malabsorption
Acute/ Chronic Hepatitis
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Gastrooesophageal Reflux
Drug Induced GI Disease
Gallstone Disease And Cholangitis

Endocrinology Diabetes Mellitus And Its Chronic Gynaecomastia And Its Causes Hypogonadism
Complications (Including Understanding
Of Practical Management Of Hypopituitarism Acromegaly
Hyperglycaemia, Hypoglycaemia And
Diabetic Ketoacidosis) Hypercalcemia Chromosomal Abnormalities E.G.
Turner's, Klinefelter's Syndrome Etc.
Thyrotoxicosis

Cushing's Syndrome

Hypothyroidism

Osteoporosis

29
Neurology Strokes (TIA, Lacunar, Major Vessel Spinal Cord Lesions Eg Cervical CNS Demyelination
Infarct And Intracranial Hemorrhage) Myelopathy, Demyelination And Includingmultiple Sclerosis
Infarcts
Meningitis And Encephalitis CNS Tumours
The Gullain Barre Syndrome
Parkinsons Syndrome Periodic Paralysis
Myasthenia Gravis
Alzheimer's Disease. Senile Dementia Motor Neurone Disease

Peripheral Neuropathies Rarer Hereditary Disorders Eg

Spinomuscular Atrophy, Dystrophia
Myotonica

Onocology Neutropenic Sepsis NPC (ENT) Testicular/Germ Cell Cancer (O&G)

Colorectal Cancer Prostate Cancer (Surgery) Renal Cancer (Surgery)

Breast Cancer (Medicine/ Surgery) Cervical Cancer (O&G)

Hepatoma Endometrial Cancer (O&G)

Lung Cancer Bladder Cancer (? Surgery)

Stomach Cancer

Metastatic Cancer Including Spinal Mets

Causing Impending Cord Compression

Side Effects Of Chemotherapeutic

Agent

Palliative Care

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Hematology Anemic Patient (To Discuss Approach)
Thrombocytopenia/ITP (To Discuss
Approach)
Neutropaenia (Approach)
DIVC
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Acute Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Coagulopathies Including
Leukemia Hemophilia
Lymphomas - Hodgkin's And Non- Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Hodgkin's
Myeloproliferative Disorders Eg
Haemophilia PRV, Myelofibrosis, Essential
Thrombocythaemia
Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
Myeloma

Rheumatology SLE Sero-Negative Spondyloarthropathy Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Rheumatoid Arthritis Septic Arthritis Systemic Sclerosis

Crystal Arthropathies Soft Tissue Rheumatism Systemic Vasculitis

Osteoarthritis Sjogren Syndrome

Dermatomyositis

General Fever Of Unknown Origin Dependence On Alcohol & Other

Medicine/Infectious Substances
Disease Common Acute Infections – Dengue
HF, TB Acute Infection --Meloidosis,
Typhoid, Malaria
Nosocomial Infection

Influenza

Emerging Infection

31
Dermatology Adverse Cutaneous Drug Eruption Psoriasis & Other Papulosuamous Dermatomyositis
Disorders
Endogenous & Exogenous Eczema Lichen Planus
Acne Vulgaris
Common Skin Infections Recurrent Oral Ulceration
Skin Tumours
Pigmentation Disorders Eg Melasma
Cutaneous Manifestations Of Internal
Diseases Alopecia

Mx Of Sexually Transmitted Skin Cancers Eg Basal Cell

Diseases (STD) Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Carcinoma, Melanoma

Erythema Nodosum

Geriatrics Immobility In The Elderly (Functional

Decline)

Recurrent Falls And Imbalance

Impaired Cognition (Dementia

Psychiatry And Neurology)

Incontinence (Also Covered In Surgery

And/Or O&G)

32