Banci Ekonomi 2016 - Statistik MyState Melaka PDF

BANCI EKONOMI
ECONOMIC CENSUS
2016
STATISTIK MyState
MyState STATISTICS
MELAKA
Pemakluman/Announcement:
Dimaklumkan bahawa Kerajaan Malaysia telah mengisytiharkan

Hari Statistik Negara (MyStats Day) pada 20 Oktober
setiap tahun. Tema sambutan MyStats Day 2017 adalah
“Data Berkualiti, Kehidupan Sejahtera”.
Please be informed that the Government of Malaysia has declared

National Statistics Day on October 20 each year. MyStats Day 2017
theme is “Better Data, Better Lives”.
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
Diterbitkan dan dicetak oleh / Published and printed by:
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia
Blok C6, Kompleks C,
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,
62514 Putrajaya,
MALAYSIA
Tel. : 03-8885 7000

Faks : 03-8888 9248
Portal : https://www.dosm.gov.my
Facebook : www.facebook.com/StatsMalaysia
Twitter : https://twitter.com/StatsMalaysia
Harga / Price : RM45.00
Diterbitkan pada Disember 2017 / Published on December 2017
Hakcipta terpelihara / All rights reserved.

Tiada bahagian daripada terbitan ini boleh diterbitkan semula, disimpan untuk pengeluaran atau ditukar dalam
apa-apa bentuk atau alat apa jua pun kecuali setelah mendapat kebenaran daripada Jabatan Perangkaan
Malaysia.
Pengguna yang mengeluarkan sebarang maklumat dari terbitan ini sama ada yang asal atau diolah semula
hendaklah meletakkan kenyataan berikut:
“Sumber : Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia”.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means or stored in data base
without the prior written permission from Department of Statistics, Malaysia.
Users reproducing content of this publication with or without adaptation should quote the following:
“Source : Department of Statistics, Malaysia.”
ISBN 978-967-2000-39-6
KATA PENGANTAR
Penerbitan Statistik MyState bagi negeri Melaka adalah hasil daripada Banci Ekonomi (BE) 2016 dan
julung kali diterbitkan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. Usaha menerbitkan parameter tambahan ini
bertujuan untuk mengkaji penemuan BE dari dimensi yang berbeza selari dengan usaha Jabatan untuk
merakyatkan statistik. Penerbitan ini mengeluarkan statistik negeri Melaka bagi memenuhi keperluan
merancang polisi dan program pembangunan sehingga peringkat negeri. Di samping itu, statistik ini
juga berguna untuk ahli akademik dan individu dalam menjalankan penyelidikan.
Penerbitan ini menyediakan statistik bagi semua industri yang telah dikelaskan di bawah Piawaian
Klasifikasi Industri Malaysia (MSIC) 2008 Ver.1.0, selaras dengan International Standard Industrial
Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4, 2008. Ia juga mengandungi pelbagai statistik
ekonomi dan sosial yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan dan juga agensi kerajaan lain.
Pelaporan penerbitan ini dibahagikan kepada empat bahagian. Bahagian pertama memaparkan
infografik statistik utama dan ringkasan penemuan bagi negeri Melaka. Aspek teknikal seperti skop &
liputan, konsep & definisi dan pembolehubah utama yang digunakan diterangkan dalam bahagian
kedua bagi memudahkan pengguna memahami statistik yang diterbitkan. Manakala, bahagian ketiga
menerangkan konsep asas statistik dan bahagian keempat memaparkan jadual perangkaan secara
terperinci.
Jabatan merakamkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan atas kerjasama yang diberikan oleh semua pihak
yang terlibat dalam menjayakan penerbitan ini. Setiap maklum balas dan cadangan untuk
penambahbaikan laporan ini pada masa akan datang amat dihargai.
DATO’ SRI DR. MOHD UZIR MAHIDIN

Ketua Perangkawan Malaysia
Disember 2017
i
PREFACE
MyState Statistics Publication results from Economic Census 2016 is the first attempt
The publication of MyState Statistics for state of Melaka is an outcome of the Economic Census (BE)
2016 which is the first attempt undertaken by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. The effort to
publish this additional parameter is to review BE in different dimensions in tandem with the
Department‟s efforts to deliver citizen-centric statistics. This publication produces statistics for state of
Melaka to fulfill the requirement of state policy planning and development. In addition, these statistics
are useful for academia and individuals for research purposes.
This publication provides statistics for all industries classified under the Malaysia Standard Industrial
Classification (MSIC) 2008 Ver. 1.0, in accordance with the International Standard Industrial
Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4, 2008. It also comprises various economic
and social statistics that have been published by the Department and other government agencies.
The reporting of this publication is divided into four sections. The first section portrays the infographic
of main statistics and summary of findings for state of Melaka. The technical aspects such as scope &
coverage, concepts & definitions as well as the main variables used are elaborated in the second
section to facilitate users‟ understanding. Meanwhile, the third section explains the basic concepts of
statistics and the fourth section portrays the detailed statistics tables.
The Department gratefully acknowledges the co-operation rendered by all parties involved in
making this publication a success. Every feedback and suggestion towards improving future reports is
highly appreciated.
DATO’ SRI DR. MOHD UZIR MAHIDIN

Chief Statistician Malaysia
December 2017
ii
KANDUNGAN Muka surat
CONTENTS Page
MELAKA
Kata Pengantar i
Preface ii
BAHAGIAN 1
PART 1
Penemuan Utama 2015 – Malaysia 2

Main Findings 2015 - Malaysia 16
Penemuan Utama 2015 – Negeri Melaka 3

Main Findings 2015 - State of Melaka 17
4
Melaka in Figures
18
Ringkasan Penemuan – Negeri Melaka 5

Summary of Findings - State of Melaka 19
BAHAGIAN 2
PART 2
Nota Teknikal 31
Technical Notes 41
BAHAGIAN 3
PART 3
Konsep Asas Statistik 51

Basic Statistical Concepts 59
BAHAGIAN 4
PART 4
A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016

Main Tables: Economic Census 2016
A1 Perangkaan utama mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 67

Principal statistics by sector, state of Melaka, 2015
A2 Bilangan pertubuhan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut 68

sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Number of establishments, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A3 Nilai output kasar, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 69

negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Value of gross output, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
iii
CONTENTS Page
A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016 (samb.)

Main Tables: Economic Census 2016 (cont.‟d)
A4 Nilai input perantaraan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut 70

Value of intermediate input, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A5 Nilai ditambah, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 71

Value added, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
A6 Bilangan pekerja, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 72

Number of persons engaged, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A7 Gaji dan upah yang dibayar, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut 73
Salaries and wages paid, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A8 Nilai harta tetap, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 74

Value of fixed assets, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A9 Perangkaan utama mengikut subsektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 75

Principal statistics by sub-sector, state of Melaka, 2015
A10 Bilangan pekerja mengikut jantina dan sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015 79
Number of persons engaged by sex and sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
A11 Bilangan pekerja mengikut pendidikan dan sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 80
Number of persons engaged by education and sector, state of Melaka, 2015
A12 Perangkaan utama pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, 81

Principal statistics of women-owned establishments by sector, state of Melaka,
2010 and 2015
A13 Bilangan pertubuhan dan jenis perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, 83

negeri Melaka, 2015
Number of establishments and type of environmental protection expenditure,
state of Melaka, 2015
A14 Bilangan pertubuhan dan pecahan perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, 84

negeri Melaka, 2015
Number of establishments and share of environmental protection expenditure,
iv
CONTENTS Page
A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016 (samb.)

Main Tables: Economic Census 2016 (cont.‟d)
A15 Bilangan pertubuhan yang mempunyai pensijilan alam sekitar, 84

negeri Melaka, 2015
Number of establishments with environmental certification, state of Melaka, 2015
A16 Pendapatan & perbelanjaan e-Dagang dan penggunaan komputer, internet 85

dan web presence di dalam perniagaan, negeri Melaka, 2015
Income & expenditure of e-Commerce and usage of computer, internet and web
presence in business, state of Melaka, 2015
B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain

Tables of Other Census and Surveys
B1 KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
B1.1 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) dan KDNK per kapita pada harga 89
semasa, negeri Melaka, 2010-2016
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP per capita at current price,
state of Melaka, 2010-2016
B1.2 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada harga malar, negeri Melaka, 90
2010-2016
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at constant price, state of Melaka, 2010-2016
B2 TENAGA BURUH
LABOUR FORCE
B2.1 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut strata dan jantina, 91

negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.2 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, 91
negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.3 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, 91
negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.4 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian pendidikan, jantina dan 92
strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by educational attainment, sex and strata,
B2.5 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut sijil tertinggi diperoleh, jantina dan 93
strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by highest certificate obtained, sex and strata,
v
CONTENTS Page
B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain (samb.)

Tables of Other Census and Surveys (cont.‟d)
B2.6 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut taraf perkahwinan, jantina dan 94
strata,negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force participation rate by marital status, sex and strata,
B2.7 Tenaga buruh mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016 95
Labour force by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.8 Tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016 95
Labour force by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.9 Tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 95
Labour force by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.10 Tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian pendidikan, jantina dan strata, 96

negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force by educational attainment, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.11 Tenaga buruh mengikut sijil tertinggi diperoleh, jantina dan strata, 97
negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force by highest certificate obtained, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.12 Tenaga buruh mengikut taraf perkahwinan, jantina dan strata, 98

negeri Melaka, 2016
Labour force by marital status, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.13 Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut strata dan jantina, 99
negeri Melaka, 2016
Employment to population ratio by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.14 Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, 99
negeri Melaka, 2016
Employment to population ratio by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.15 Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, 99
negeri Melaka, 2016
Employment to population ratio by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.16 Penduduk bekerja mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016 100
Employed persons by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.17 Penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016 100
Employed persons by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.18 Penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 100
Employed persons by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
vi
CONTENTS Page
B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain (samb.)

Tables of Other Census and Surveys (cont.’d)
B2.19 Penduduk bekerja mengikut pekerjaan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 101
Employed persons by occupation, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B2.20 Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 102
Employed persons by industry, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
B3 PENDUDUK
POPULATION
B3.1 Anggaran penduduk pertengahan tahun mengikut kumpulan umur, kumpulan 105
etnik dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2017e
Mid-year population estimates by age group, ethnic group and sex, state of Melaka,
2017e
B4 PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH

HOUSEHOLD INCOME
B4.1 Pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan penengah dan purata bagi kumpulan isi 108
rumah mengikut pendapatan, negeri Melaka, 2016
Median and mean monthly household gross income of household group by income,
B4.2 Peratusan isi rumah mengikut kumpulan isi rumah, negeri Melaka, 2016 108
Percentage of household by household group, state of Melaka, 2016
B4.3 Agihan pendapatan mengikut kumpulan isi rumah, negeri Melaka, 2016 108
Income share by household group, state of Melaka, 2016
B4.4 Insiden kemiskinan mengikut strata, negeri Melaka, 2014 dan 2016 108
Incidence of poverty by strata, state of Melaka, 2014 and 2016
B4.5 Siri masa pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan penengah, pendapatan isi 109
rumah kasar bulanan purata, pekali gini, insiden kemiskinan dan insiden
kemiskinan tegar, negeri Melaka
Time series of median monthly household gross income, mean monthly household
gross income, gini coefficient, incidence of poverty and incidence of hardcore
poverty, state of Melaka
B5 INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
B5.1 Indeks Harga Pengguna (2010=100), nombor indeks kumpulan utama dan 110
perubahan peratus, negeri Melaka, 2017
Consumer Price Index (2010=100), index numbers for main groups and percentage
change, state of Melaka, 2017
vii
CONTENTS Page
C. Jadual Data Sekunder: Agensi Lain

Tables of Secondary Data: Other Agencies
Jadual Sekunder: Ekonomi

Secondary Tables: Economy
C1 Bilangan usahawan dan nilai jualan mengikut bidang, negeri Melaka, 2015 115
Number of entrepreneurs and sales value by area, state of Melaka, 2015
C2 Jumlah pemandu pelancong mengikut jantina dan taraf kewarganegaraan, 115

negeri Melaka, 2015
Total of tourist guide by sex and citizenship, state of Melaka, 2015
C3 Bilangan hotel mengikut lokasi, negeri Melaka, 2015 116

Number of hotels by location, state of Melaka, 2015
C4 Ringkasan penawaran sedia ada bilik hotel mengikut penarafan bintang, 116
negeri Melaka, 2015
Summary of existing supply of hotel rooms by star rating, state of Melaka, 2015
C5 Projek perkilangan diluluskan, negeri Melaka, 2015 117

Projects approved, state of Melaka, 2015
Jadual Sekunder: Sosial

Secondary Tables: Social
C6 Ringkasan stok sedia ada, penawaran akan datang dan perancangan 118
penawaran kediaman, kedai dan hartanah perindustrian, negeri Melaka, 2015
Summary of existing stock, incoming supply and planned supply residential, shop
and industrial properties, state of Melaka, 2015
C7 Statistik indeks jenayah kekerasan dan indeks jenayah harta benda, 119
negeri Melaka, 2015
Statistics of violent crime index and property crime index, state of Melaka, 2015
C8 Statistik mengikut jenis kemalangan dan kecederaan, negeri Melaka, 2015 119
Statistics by type of accident and injury, state of Melaka, 2015
C9 Bilangan kes dan kadar kejadian penyakit berjangkit, negeri Melaka, 2015 120
Number of cases and incidence rate of communicable diseases, state of Melaka,
2015
C10 Taburan hospital dan bilangan katil rasmi di sektor awam, 121
negeri Melaka, 2015
Distribution of hospitals and official beds strength in public sector,
C11 Bilangan fasiliti kesihatan awam dan nisbah fasiliti kesihatan awam kepada 121
penduduk, negeri Melaka, 2015
Number of public health facilities and public health facility ratio to population,
viii
CONTENTS Page
C. Jadual Data Sekunder: Agensi Lain (samb.)

Tables of Secondary Data: Other Agencies (cont.‟d)
Jadual Sekunder: Sosial (samb.)

Secondary Tables: Social (cont.‟d)
C12 Bilangan kemasukan pesakit mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 122
Number of admissions by sector, state of Melaka, 2015
C13 Bilangan doktor, doktor gigi, jururawat, ahli farmasi dan optometris mengikut 122
sektor dan nisbah kepada penduduk, negeri Melaka, 2015
Number of doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists and optometrists by sector and
ratio to population, state of Melaka, 2015
C14 Pemberian sebenar kepada kerajaan negeri Melaka, 2015 123

Actual grants to state government of Melaka, 2015
ix
Muka surat ini sengaja dibiarkan kosong
This page is deliberately left blank
BAHAGIAN 1
PENEMUAN UTAMA
DAN
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
BILANGAN
PERTUBUHAN 11,628 1,026 49,101 40,558 818,311
920,624
NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

(RM Bilion) 73.9 131.1 1,142.0 177.9 964.6
2,489.5
NILAI INPUT
PERANTARAAN
(RM Bilion)
32.4 28.0 884.8 114.8 446.4
1,506.4
NILAI DITAMBAH
(RM Bilion) 41.5 103.0 257.1 63.2 518.3
983.1
BILANGAN PEKERJA
(‘000 orang)
444.5 82.4 2,119.2 1,290.4 4,795.7
8,732.2
GAJI & UPAH

(RM Bilion) 7.9 7.9 65.5 32.9 131.5
245.7
NILAI HARTA TETAP

(RM Bilion) 80.9 291.3 296.8 25.1 904.4
1,598.5
BILANGAN
PERTUBUHAN
MILIKAN WANITA 1,541 20 9,546 2,622 173,536
187,265
2
BILANGAN
PERTUBUHAN 491 18 1,539 1,457 28,218
31,723
NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

(RM Juta) 3,055 105 79,280 2,960 16,275
101,675
NILAI INPUT
PERANTARAAN
(RM Juta)
1,948 55 67,377 1,973 6,688
78,041
NILAI DITAMBAH
(RM Juta) 1,107 50 11,903 986 9,587
23,635
BILANGAN
PEKERJA 11,771 506 82,694 21,763 133,743
250,477
GAJI & UPAH

(RM Juta) 196 10 2,716 478 2,610
6,010
NILAI HARTA TETAP

(RM Juta) 1,639 97 16,641 431 12,480
31,288
BILANGAN
PERTUBUHAN
MILIKAN WANITA 81 - 328 91 6,146
6,646
3
MELAKA IN FIGURES
1 2011
25,487 ..
27,014 ..
32,421 2.9
2012 2 343 102.9
833
27,276 4,759
29,483 3,923
34,965 1.8
359 104.8 3 2013
843
27,933 ..
30,582 ..
35,699 1.9
2014 4 378 106.8
30,073 6,046 857
33,698 5,029
38,659 3.2
398 110.2 5 2015
872
31,712 ..
35,425 ..
2016 6
39,848
402
2.0
112.4
33,155 6,849 889
37,274 5,588
41,363 2.0 KDNK pada Harga Malar (RM juta) Pendapatan Isi Rumah
Kasar Bulanan Purata (RM)
401 114.7 KDNK pada Harga Semasa (RM juta)
Pendapatan Isi Rumah Kasar
KDNK Per Kapita pada Harga Semasa (RM) Bulanan Penengah (RM)
901
Inflasi (Peratus)
Bilangan Tenaga Buruh (‘000)
Bilangan Penduduk (‘000) Indeks Harga Pengguna
4
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
1. PENGENALAN
Penerbitan ini membentangkan statistik khusus bagi negeri Melaka, hasil daripada Banci
Ekonomi (BE) yang dijalankan pada tahun 2016 bagi tahun rujukan 2015. Ia merangkumi lima
sektor utama iaitu Pertanian, Perlombongan & pengkuarian, Pembuatan, Pembinaan dan
Perkhidmatan.
2. STRUKTUR EKONOMI NEGERI MELAKA 2015

Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada harga malar bagi negeri Melaka berkembang
5.5 peratus pada tahun 2015. Penemuan daripada BE 2016 mendapati nilai ditambah pada
tahun 2015 meningkat 10.0 peratus setahun kepada RM23,635 juta berbanding RM14,662 juta
pada tahun 2010.
Bilangan pertubuhan yang beroperasi di negeri Melaka pada tahun 2015 meningkat kepada
31,723 pertubuhan berbanding 22,106 pertubuhan pada tahun 2010 iaitu peningkatan
7.5 peratus setahun dalam tempoh tersebut. Bilangan pertubuhan milikan wanita meningkat
kepada 6,646 pertubuhan berbanding 4,427 pertubuhan pada tahun 2010. Bilangan pekerja
yang direkodkan pada tahun 2015 adalah 250,477 orang dengan nilai gaji dan upah yang
dibayar berjumlah RM6,010 juta.
Nilai output kasar yang dijana meningkat kepada RM101,675 juta berbanding RM79,741 juta
pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan tahunan sebanyak 5.0 peratus. Nilai input perantaraan
turut meningkat kepada RM78,041 juta berbanding RM65,078 juta pada tahun 2010.
Indikator ekonomi negeri Melaka pada tahun 2010 dan 2015 adalah seperti di Paparan 1.
Paparan 1: Indikator utama negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
TAHUN
BILANGAN 2015 BILANGAN

PERTUBUHAN PERTUBUHAN
MILIKAN WANITA
2010
31
6
64
,7
23
6,
22
7
42
,1
06
4,
NILAI OUTPUT
101,675
GAJI & UPAH

6,010
79,741
3,459
(RM Juta) KASAR

(RM Juta)
19
1,
78
53
,0
25 1
65
0,
41
47 14,662
,0
7
78
BILANGAN NILAI INPUT

PEKERJA PERANTARAAN
23,635 (RM Juta)
NILAI DITAMBAH
(RM Juta)
5
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
3. SEKTOR EKONOMI UTAMA

Sektor Pembuatan memacu prestasi ekonomi negeri Melaka pada tahun 2015 dengan nilai
ditambah sebanyak RM11,903 juta (50.4%) seperti di Paparan 2. Subsektor Pembuatan kok
dan produk petroleum bertapis merekodkan nilai ditambah tertinggi bagi sektor Pembuatan iaitu
RM3,239 juta, diikuti oleh subsektor Pembuatan komputer, produk elektronik dan optikal
dengan nilai ditambah RM2,902 juta. Subsektor Pembuatan kok dan produk petroleum bertapis
menyumbang sebanyak 27.2 peratus kepada sektor Pembuatan dan 13.7 peratus kepada
keseluruhan ekonomi negeri Melaka.
Sementara itu, sektor Perkhidmatan dan Pertanian merupakan penyumbang kedua dan ketiga
terbesar kepada ekonomi negeri Melaka dengan nilai ditambah masing-masing sebanyak
RM9,588 juta dan RM1,107 juta.
Subsektor Perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal
merupakan penyumbang utama sektor Perkhidmatan iaitu sebanyak RM4,242 juta (44.2%).
Manakala, subsektor Tanaman merupakan penyumbang utama kepada sektor Pertanian iaitu
sebanyak RM746 juta (67.4%).
Paparan 2: Nilai ditambah mengikut subsektor, negeri Melaka, 2015
NILAI DITAMBAH SUMBANGAN

SUBSEKTOR
(RM Juta) (%)
PERTANIAN 1,107
Tanaman 746 67.4
Ternakan 350 31.6
PERLOMBONGAN & PENGKUARIAN 50

Perlombongan dan pengkuarian 50 100.0
- -
Aktiviti Perkhidmatan Sokongan Perlombongan
PEMBUATAN 11,903
Pembuatan Kok dan Produk Petroleum
Bertapis 3,239 27.2
Pembuatan Komputer, Produk Elektronik 2,902

dan Optikal 24.4
PEMBINAAN 985
Bangunan Kediaman 335 34.0
Aktiviti Pembinaan Pertukangan Khas 291 29.5
PERKHIDMATAN 9,588
Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Pembaikan
Kenderaan Bermotor dan Motosikal 4,242 44.2
Bekalan Elektrik, Gas, Wap dan Pendingin 935

Udara 9.8
6
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
4. BILANGAN PERTUBUHAN
Bilangan pertubuhan yang beroperasi pada tahun 2015 di negeri Melaka adalah sebanyak
31,723 pertubuhan berbanding 22,106 pertubuhan pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan
tahunan 7.5 peratus. Bilangan pertubuhan ini merupakan 3.4 peratus daripada keseluruhan
pertubuhan di Malaysia. Sektor Perkhidmatan mencatatkan bilangan pertubuhan tertinggi
sebanyak 28,218 pertubuhan dengan sumbangan 89.0 peratus. Ini diikuti sektor Pembuatan
(1,539 pertubuhan; 4.9%) dan sektor Pembinaan (1,457 pertubuhan; 4.6%) seperti di
Paparan 3.
Subsektor Perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal
merupakan penyumbang utama kepada sektor Perkhidmatan iaitu sebanyak
13,952 pertubuhan (49.4%). Manakala, subsektor Pembuatan produk makanan merupakan
penyumbang utama kepada sektor Pembuatan sebanyak 294 pertubuhan (19.1%).
Daripada jumlah pertubuhan di negeri Melaka, jumlah pertubuhan Perusahaan Kecil dan
Sederhana (PKS) adalah sebanyak 31,361 pertubuhan (98.9%).
Paparan 3: Bilangan pertubuhan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
2015
BILANGAN
PERTUBUHAN 491 18 1,539 1,457 28,218
SUMBANGAN 1.5 0.1 4.9 4.6 89.0

(%)
SUMBANGAN 1.4 5.3 90.3

0.0 3.0
(%)
BILANGAN 309 7 1,175 661 19,954

PERTUBUHAN
2010
PERTUMBUHAN
TAHUNAN 9.7 20.8 5.5 17.1 7.2
(%)
JUMLAH
Bilangan Pertubuhan: Pertumbuhan Tahunan:
2015 – 31,723 Pertubuhan
7.5%
2010 – 22,106 Pertubuhan
7
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
5. NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

Nilai output kasar yang dijana pada tahun 2015 bagi negeri Melaka berjumlah RM101,675 juta
berbanding RM79,741 juta pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan tahunan 5.0 peratus seperti
di Paparan 4. Nilai ini merupakan 4.1 peratus daripada keseluruhan nilai output kasar
Malaysia.
Nilai output kasar tertinggi direkodkan oleh sektor Pembuatan sebanyak RM79,280 juta dengan
sumbangan sebanyak 78.0 peratus. Ini didorong oleh subsektor Pembuatan kok dan produk
petroleum bertapis sebanyak RM36,229 juta (45.7%). Seterusnya, diikuti oleh sektor
Perkhidmatan (RM16,275 juta; 16.0%) dan sektor Pertanian (RM3,055 juta; 3.0%).
Penyumbang utama kepada kedua-dua sektor tersebut adalah subsektor Perdagangan borong
dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal dan subsektor Ternakan dengan
masing-masing sebanyak RM6,462 juta (39.7%) dan RM1,977 juta (64.7%).
Paparan 4: Nilai output kasar mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
NILAI OUTPUT KASAR PERTUMBUHAN NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

(RM Juta) TAHUNAN (RM Juta)
SUMBANGAN (%) (%) SUMBANGAN (%)
PERTANIAN PERTANIAN
9.0
RM1,983 RM3,055
2.5% 3.0%
PERLOMBONGAN
& PENGKUARIAN
5.6 PERLOMBONGAN
& PENGKUARIAN
RM80 RM105
0.1% 0.1%
PEMBUATAN
PEMBUATAN 3.4
RM67,184 RM79,280
84.3% 78.0%
PEMBINAAN 9.8 PEMBINAAN
RM1,856 RM2,960
2.3% 2.9%
13.5
PERKHIDMATAN PERKHIDMATAN
RM8,639 RM16,275
10.8% 16.0%
2010 2015
5.0
RM79,741 juta RM101,675 juta
8
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
6. NILAI DITAMBAH
Nilai ditambah yang dicatatkan pada tahun 2015 bagi negeri Melaka adalah sebanyak
RM23,635 juta berbanding RM14,662 juta pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan tahunan
10.0 peratus. Nilai ditambah ini merupakan 2.4 peratus daripada keseluruhan nilai ditambah
Malaysia. Sektor Pembuatan mencatatkan nilai ditambah tertinggi sebanyak RM11,903 juta
dengan sumbangan 50.4 peratus. Ini diikuti sektor Perkhidmatan (RM9,588 juta; 40.6%) dan
sektor Pertanian (RM1,107 juta; 4.7%) seperti di Paparan 5.
Paparan 5: Nilai ditambah mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
2010 2015
SUMBANGAN NILAI DITAMBAH NILAI DITAMBAH SUMBANGAN PERTUMBUHAN
(%) (RM Juta) (RM Juta) (%) TAHUNAN
(%)
6.3 926 1,107 4.7 3.6
PERTANIAN
0.1 20 50 0.2 19.8
PERLOMBONGAN & PENGKUARIAN
57.9 8,488 11,903 50.4 7.0
PEMBUATAN
4.0 582 986 4.2 11.1

PEMBINAAN
31.7 4,647 9,587 40.6 15.6
PERKHIDMATAN
100.0 14,662 JUMLAH 23,635 100.0 10.0
9
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
7. BILANGAN PEKERJA
Pada tahun 2015, negeri Melaka merekodkan bilangan pekerja seramai 250,477 orang
berbanding 191,571 orang pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan tahunan 5.5 peratus.
Bilangan pekerja di negeri Melaka merupakan 2.9 peratus daripada keseluruhan bilangan
pekerja di Malaysia. Bilangan pekerja di sektor Perkhidmatan adalah paling tinggi iaitu
133,743 orang dengan sumbangan 53.4 peratus. Ini diikuti oleh sektor Pembuatan
(82,694 orang; 33.0%) dan sektor Pembinaan (21,763 orang; 8.7%) seperti di Paparan 6.
Bilangan pekerja bagi subsektor Perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan
bermotor dan motosikal merekodkan bilangan pekerja tertinggi bagi sektor Perkhidmatan iaitu
57,616 orang (43.1%). Manakala, bilangan pekerja bagi subsektor Pembuatan komputer,
elektronik dan optikal merupakan yang tertinggi kepada sektor Pembuatan
(24,701 orang; 29.9%) dan bilangan pekerja bagi subsektor Bangunan kediaman merupakan
yang tertinggi kepada sektor Pembinaan (6,910 orang; 31.8%).
Paparan 6: Bilangan pekerja mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
2010 2015
BILANGAN PEKERJA
SUMBANGAN SUMBANGAN PERTUMBUHAN
(%) (%) TAHUNAN
(%)
4.1 7,783 11,771 4.7

8.6
PERTANIAN
0.1 263 506 0.2
14.0
PERLOMBONGAN
& PENGKUARIAN
36.2 69,323 82,694 33.0

3.6
PEMBUATAN
8.9 17,139 21,763 8.7

4.9
PEMBINAAN
50.7 97,063 133,743 53.4

6.6
PERKHIDMATAN
100.0 191,571 JUMLAH 250,477 100.0

5.5
10
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
8. GAJI DAN UPAH
Jumlah gaji dan upah yang dibayar pada tahun 2015 bagi negeri Melaka adalah sebanyak
RM6,010 juta berbanding RM3,459 juta pada tahun 2010 dengan pertumbuhan tahunan
11.7 peratus. Jumlah gaji dan upah yang dibayar di negeri Melaka adalah 2.4 peratus daripada
keseluruhan jumlah gaji dan upah yang dibayar oleh pertubuhan di Malaysia.
Daripada jumlah tersebut, bayaran gaji dan upah tertinggi dicatatkan oleh sektor Pembuatan
dengan nilai sebanyak RM2,716 juta dan sumbangan 45.2 peratus. Ini diikuti oleh sektor
Perkhidmatan (RM2,610 juta; 43.4%) dan sektor Pembinaan (RM478 juta; 7.9%) seperti di
Paparan 7.
Bagi sektor Pembuatan, subsektor Pembuatan komputer, produk elektronik dan optikal
membayar gaji dan upah tertinggi iaitu sebanyak RM931 juta (34.3%). Manakala, bagi sektor
Perkhidmatan dan Pembinaan, subsektor Perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan
kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal; dan Aktiviti pembinaan pertukangan khas membayar gaji
dan upah tertinggi iaitu masing-masing sebanyak RM1,166 juta (44.7%) dan RM146 juta
(30.5%).
Paparan 7: Gaji & upah mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
GAJI & UPAH SUMBANGAN PERTUMBUHAN

(RM Juta) (%) TAHUNAN
(%)
PERTANIAN
2015 196 3.3
12.5
2010 109 3.1
PERLOMBONGAN & PENGKUARIAN
2015 10 0.2
15.2
2010 5 0.1
PEMBUATAN
2015 2,716 45.2
10.5
2010 1,647 47.6
PEMBINAAN
2015 478 7.9
8.5
2010 317 9.2
PERKHIDMATAN
2015 2,610 43.4
13.6
2010 1,381 39.9
2015 6,010 100.0

JUMLAH 11.7
2010 3,459 100.0
11
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
9. PERTUBUHAN MILIKAN WANITA

Bilangan pertubuhan milikan wanita pada tahun 2015 bagi negeri Melaka ialah
6,646 pertubuhan atau 21.0 peratus daripada keseluruhan bilangan pertubuhan di negeri
Melaka. Sumbangan output kasar pertubuhan milikan wanita adalah 2.1 peratus (RM2,186 juta)
dengan nilai ditambah adalah 5.5 peratus (RM1,310 juta) daripada keseluruhan pertubuhan di
negeri Melaka. Sebanyak 26,760 orang (10.7%) daripada keseluruhan pekerja di negeri Melaka
adalah di bawah pertubuhan milikan wanita dengan gaji dan upah dibayar sebanyak
RM331 juta (5.5%) seperti di Paparan 8.
Bilangan pertubuhan milikan wanita tertinggi dicatatkan oleh sektor Perkhidmatan sebanyak
6,146 pertubuhan (92.5%), diikuti sektor Pembuatan (328 pertubuhan; 4.9%).
Nilai ditambah tertinggi juga direkodkan oleh sektor Perkhidmatan iaitu sebanyak
RM808 juta (61.7%). Sektor kedua tertinggi bagi nilai ditambah dicatatkan oleh sektor Pertanian
(RM414 juta; 31.6%).
Paparan 8: Pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
BILANGAN NILAI OUTPUT NILAI BILANGAN GAJI & UPAH

PERTUBUHAN KASAR DITAMBAH PEKERJA (RM Juta)
(RM Juta) (RM Juta)
2015 545 414 2,250 38

PERTANIAN —— 81
2010 5 42 30 335 3
PERLOMBONGAN 2015 - - - -
—— -
& PENGKUARIAN - - - -
2010 -
2015 328 179 50 1,385 21

PEMBUATAN ——
2010 223 46 17 685 6
2015 91 104 38 960 19

PEMBINAAN —— 917 16
2010 46 98 32
2015 6,146 1,358 808 22,165 252

PERKHIDMATAN ——
2010 4,153 695 407 15,026 107
2015 6,646 2,186 1,310 26,760 331

JUMLAH
2010 4,427 882 485 16,963 132
12
PROGRAM PEMBANGUNAN NEGERI
NEGERI MELAKA
Pengenalan
Negeri Melaka telah mencapai status „Negeri Maju, Mampan dan Negeri Bandar‟ pada 10 Oktober
2010 menerusi pengukuran 32 indikator OECD dan MURNInet. Kerajaan Negeri sedang merangka
Rancangan Struktur Negeri Melaka (RSNM) 2035 yang bermatlamatkan “Memperkasakan
Pembangunan Negeri Melaka sebagai sebuah bandar berdaya tahan yang berkembang maju, hijau,
sejahtera rakyat dan beridentiti”.
Matlamat rancangan struktur ini disokong oleh empat teras utama. Keempat-empat teras tersebut
adalah saling berkaitan dan melengkapi satu dengan yang lain iaitu:
Teras 1: Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Berdaya Tahan

Teras 2: Melaka Negeri Bandar Berteknologi Hijau
Teras 3: Melaka Sejahtera dan Inklusif
Teras 4: Melaka Beridentiti
Teras 1: Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Berdaya Tahan
Pembangunan ke arah Negeri Bandar Berkembang Maju berkait rapat dengan pembangunan sektor-
sektor ekonomi utama; terutamanya sektor perindustrian, pelancongan, perkhidmatan dan perniagaan
sebagai penjana utama serta sektor pengangkutan dan infrastruktur sebagai pemangkin.
Keutamaan adalah dari aspek peningkatan pendapatan negeri dan pendapatan penduduk yang
setaraf dengan negeri-negeri maju di Malaysia seperti Selangor, Johor dan Pulau Pinang. Penekanan
diberikan kepada sektor industri berteknologi tinggi serta bidang baru seperti bioteknologi, teknologi
nano, aeroangkasa, biokimia dan pengeluaran produk halal. Kerjasama erat dengan key players di
peringkat antarabangsa terutamanya Negara China diperluaskan dalam merealisasikan hala tuju ini.
Infrastruktur dan perhubungan utama sangat diperlukan bagi merangsang dan menjamin
pembangunan ekonomi yang terus berkembang maju. Justeru, penyediaan bekalan utiliti serta
kemudahan pengangkutan juga diberi penekanan. Elemen-elemen sokongan ini merupakan faktor
pemangkin dalam menarik pelaburan.
Teras 2: Melaka Negeri Bandar Berteknologi Hijau
Antara tumpuan hala tuju ini adalah perbandaran mampan, penggunaan tenaga mesra alam dan
boleh diperbaharui, pemeliharaan alam sekitar, pengangkutan efisien dan pengurusan air berhemah.
Berdasarkan hala tuju tersebut, pembangunan negeri bandar teknologi hijau adalah dirumuskan
meliputi sektor guna tanah dan perbandaran, penempatan, alam sekitar, bekalan air, pengangkutan
13
PROGRAM PEMBANGUNAN NEGERI
serta infrastruktur. Hala tuju pembangunan negeri bandar hijau yang mampan menekankan keperluan
mengoptimumkan aktiviti perbandaran di dalam kawasan bandar sedia ada khususnya Bandaraya
Melaka melalui pembangunan secara infill dan pembaharuan semula.
Teras 3: Melaka Sejahtera dan Inklusif

Hala tuju strategik yang dirangka bagi mencapai matlamat ke arah Melaka sebagai Negeri Bandar
yang Sejahtera adalah:
 Memberi penekanan kepada penyediaan keperluan penduduk di dalam sektor perumahan,

kemudahan masyarakat, kawasan lapang, sukan dan rekreasi, pengangkutan terutamanya
pengangkutan dan bekalan utiliti yang berkualiti.
 Hala tuju dirangka berhasrat memastikan penduduk berpeluang untuk memiliki kediaman
dengan persekitaran yang berkualiti dan selamat, mampu milik serta kepadatan kemudahan
sokongan seperti kemudahan masyarakat, rekreasi dan sukan yang berkualiti tinggi.
 Peluang untuk penduduk turut serta dalam pembangunan ekonomi negeri terutamanya
pelancongan dan industri kecil seperti penghasilan makanan tradisi dan lain-lain yang
berasaskan tempatan.
Teras 4: Melaka Beridentiti

 Salah satu fungsi RSNM 2035 adalah memastikan identiti dan kelebihan negeri Melaka dalam
aspek sosial dan fizikal dapat dikekalkan dan dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan pembangunan.
 Status bandar dunia oleh UNESCO merupakan titik tolak awal pembangunan berteraskan
identiti di Melaka. Pengukuhan dan pengurusan bagi memastikan kelangsungan imej dan
status perlu diperkukuhkan.
 Kelebihan Negeri Melaka dengan nilai masyarakat yang positif, warisan bangunan tradisi,
budaya dan cara hidup berbilang bangsa, reruang spatial desa dan kampung bandar yang
tersendiri, kewujudan makanan tradisi yang enak memerlukan pengurusan dan pengawalan.
 Imej bandar dan bangunan yang beridentitikan Negeri Melaka dalam bentuk rekaan lanskap,
bangunan dan perincian rekayasa (tangga, anjung, jubin dan lain-lain) memerlukan pengurusan
berkesan di pihak kerajaan dan swasta dan perlu didokumenkan sebaiknya.
Rancangan Struktur yang komprehensif ini diharap dapat menjadikan Negeri Melaka sebagai sebuah
bandar berdaya tahan yang berkembang maju, hijau, sejahtera rakyat dan beridentiti menjelang tahun
2035.
Sumber: Jabatan Perancangan Bandar dan Desa Negeri Melaka
14
PART 1
MAIN FINDINGS
AND
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
NUMBER OF
ESTABLISHMENTS 11,628 1,026 49,101 40,558 818,311
920,624
VALUE OF GROSS
OUTPUT (RM Billion) 73.9 131.1 1,142.0 177.9 964.6
2,489.5
VALUE OF
INTERMEDIATE INPUT
(RM Billion) 32.4 28.0 884.8 114.8 446.4
1,506.4
VALUE ADDED
(RM Billion)
41.5 103.0 257.1 63.2 518.3
983.1
NUMBER OF
PERSONS ENGAGED
(‘000 persons) 444.5 82.4 2,119.2 1,290.4 4,795.7
8,732.2
SALARIES & WAGES

(RM Billion) 7.9 7.9 65.5 32.9 131.5
245.7
VALUE OF FIXED
ASSETS (RM Billion) 80.9 291.3 296.8 25.1 904.4
1,598.5
NUMBER OF
WOMEN-OWNED 1,541 20 9,546 2,622 173,536
ESTABLISHMENTS
187,265
16
NUMBER OF
ESTABLISHMENTS 491 18 28,218
1,539 1,457
31,723
VALUE OF GROSS
OUTPUT (RM Million) 3,055 105 79,280 2,960 16,275
101,675
VALUE OF
INTERMEDIATE INPUT
(RM Million)
1,948 55 67,377 1,973 6,688
78,041
VALUE ADDED
(RM Million)
1,107 50 11,903 986 9,587
23,635
NUMBER OF
PERSONS ENGAGED
11,771 506 82,694 21,763 133,743
250,477
SALARIES & WAGES

(RM Million) 196 10 2,716 478 2,610
6,010
VALUE OF FIXED
ASSETS (RM Million) 1,639 97 16,641 431 12,480
31,288
NUMBER OF
WOMEN-OWNED
ESTABLISHMENTS 81 - 328 91 6,146
6,646
17
MELAKA IN FIGURES
1 2011
25,487 ..
27,014 ..
32,421 2.9
2012 2 343 102.9
833
27,276 4,759
29,483 3,923
34,965 1.8
359 104.8 3 2013
843
27,933 ..
30,582 ..
35,699 1.9
2014 4 378 106.8
30,073 6,046 857
33,698 5,029
38,659 3.2
398 110.2 5 2015
872
31,712 ..
35,425 ..
2016 6
39,848
402
2.0
112.4
33,155 6,849 889
37,274 5,588
41,363 2.0 GDP at Constant Price (RM Million) Mean Monthly Household
Gross Income (RM)
401 114.7 GDP at Current Price (RM Million)
Median Monthly Household
Gross Income (RM)
901 GDP Per Capita at Current Price RM)
Inflation (Per cent)
Number of Labour Force (‘000)
Population (‘000) Consumer Price Index
18
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
1. INTRODUCTION
This publication presents specific statistics for the state of Melaka, resulting from the Economic
Census (BE) conducted in 2016 for the reference year 2015. It comprises five main sectors
namely Agriculture, Mining & quarrying, Manufacturing, Construction and Services.
2. ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF MELAKA 2015

Gross Domestic Products (GDP) at constant price for the state of Melaka grew by 5.5 per cent in
2015. Findings from BE 2016 showed that value added in 2015 increased 10.0 per cent per
annum to RM23,635 million compared to RM14,662 million in 2010.
The number of establishments operating in Melaka increased to 31,723 establishments
compared to 22,106 establishments in 2010, an increased of 7.5 per cent per annum during the
period. The number of women-owned establishments increased to 6,646 establishments
compared to 4,427 establishments in 2010. The number of persons engaged recorded in 2015
was 250,477 persons with value of salaries and wages paid amounting to RM6,010 million.
The value of gross output increased to RM101,675 million compared to RM79,741 million in
2010 with an annual growth of 5.0 per cent. The value of intermediate input also increased to
RM78,041 million compared to RM65,078 million in 2010.
The economic indicators of Melaka in 2010 and 2015 as in Exhibit 1.
Exhibit 1: Main indicators for the state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
YEAR
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF
WOMEN-OWNED
2015 ESTABLISHMENTS
ESTABLISHMENTS
2010
31
6
64
,7
23
6,
22
7
42
,1
06
4,
SALARIES & VALUE OF GROSS

101,675
79,741
6,010
WAGES OUTPUT
3,459
(RM Million) (RM Million)
19
1,
78
53
,0
25 1
65
0,
41
47 14,662
,0
NUMBER OF 7 VALUE OF
78
PERSONS INTERMEDIATE INPUT

ENGAGED 23,635 (RM Million)
VALUE ADDED
(RM Million)
19
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
3. MAIN ECONOMIC SECTOR

Manufacturing sector spurred Melaka‟s economic performance in 2015 with a value added of
RM11,903 million (50.4%) as in Exhibit 2. Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
sub-sector recorded the highest value added for the Manufacturing sector at RM3,239 million,
followed by Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products sub-sector at
RM2,902 million. The Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products sub-sector
contributed 27.2 per cent to the Manufacturing sector and 13.7 per cent to the overall economy
of the state of Melaka.
Meanwhile, Services and Agriculture sectors were the second and third largest contributors
for the state of Melaka economy with a value added of RM9,588 million and
RM1,107 million, respectively.
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles sub-sector was the main
contributor to the Services sector with RM4,242 million (44.2%). Meanwhile, Crops sub-sector
was the main contributor to the Agriculture sector with RM746 million (67.4%).
Exhibit 2: Value added by sub-sector, state of Melaka, 2015

VALUE ADDED SHARE
SUB-SECTOR
(RM Million) (%)
AGRICULTURE 1,107
Crops 67.4
746
Livestock 350 31.6
MINING & QUARRYING 50

Mining and Quarrying 50 100.0
- -
Mining Support Service Activities
MANUFACTURING 11,903
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum
Products 3,239 27.2
Manufacture of Computer, Electronic and 2,902

Optical Products 24.4
CONSTRUCTION 985
Residential Buildings 335 34.0
Specialized Construction Activities 291 29.5
SERVICES 9,588
Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of Motor
Vehicles and Motorcycles 4,242 44.2
Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning 935

Supply 9.8
20
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
4. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS
The number of establishments operated in 2015 for the state of Melaka was
31,723 establishments compared to 22,106 establishments in 2010 with an annual growth of
7.5 per cent. The number of establishments was 3.4 per cent of the total establishments in
Malaysia. Services sector recorded the highest number of establishments at
28,218 establishments with a contribution of 89.0 per cent. This was followed by Manufacturing
sector (1,539 establishments; 4.9%) and Construction sector (1,457 establishments; 4.6%) as in
Exhibit 3.
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles sub-sector was the main
contributor to the Services sector with 13,952 establishments (49.4%). Meanwhile, Manufacture
of food products sub-sector was the main contributor to the Manufacturing sector with
294 establishments (19.1%).
Of the total number of establishments in the state of Melaka, the number of establishments for
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) was 31,361 establishments (98.9%).
Exhibit 3: Number of establishments by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
2015
NUMBER OF
ESTABLISHMENTS 491 18 1,539 1,457 28,218
SHARE 1.5 0.1 4.9 4.6 89.0

(%)
SHARE 1.4 5.3 90.3

0.0 3.0
(%)
NUMBER OF 309 7 1,175 661 19,954

ESTABLISHMENTS
2010
ANNUAL GROWTH
(%) 9.7 20.8 5.5 17.1 7.2
TOTAL
Number of Establishments: Annual Growth:
2015 – 31,723 Establishments
7.5%
2010 – 22,106 Establishments
21
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
5. VALUE OF GROSS OUTPUT

Value of gross output generated in 2015 for the state of Melaka amounted to RM101,675 million
compared to RM79,741 million in 2010 with an annual growth of 5.0 per cent as in Exhibit 4.
This value contributed 4.1 per cent to the total value of gross output in Malaysia.
The highest value of gross output was recorded by Manufacturing sector at RM79,280 million
with a share of 78.0 per cent. This was driven by Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum
products sub-sector with RM36,229 million (45.7%). Subsequently this was followed by Services
sector (RM16,275 million; 16.0%) and Agriculture sector (RM3,055 million; 3.0%). The main
contributors to both sectors were Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and
motorcycles; and Livestock sub-sectors with RM6,462 million (39.7%) and RM1,977 million
(64.7%), respectively.
Exhibit 4: Value of gross output by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
VALUE OF GROSS OUTPUT ANNUAL VALUE OF GROSS OUTPUT

(RM Million) GROWTH (RM Million)
SHARE (%) (%) SHARE (%)
AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE
9.0
RM1,983 RM3,055
2.5% 3.0%
MINING & MINING &

QUARRYING 5.6 QUARRYING
RM80 RM105
0.1% 0.1%
MANUFACTURING 3.4 MANUFACTURING

RM67,184 RM79,280
84.3% 78.0%
CONSTRUCTION
9.8 CONSTRUCTION
RM1,856 RM2,960
2.3% 2.9%
13.5
SERVICES SERVICES
RM8,639 RM16,275
10.8% 16.0%
2010 2015
RM79,741 million 5.0 RM101,675 million
22
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
6. VALUE ADDED
Value added recorded in 2015 for the state of Melaka was RM23,635 million compared to
RM14,662 million in 2010 with an annual growth of 10.0 per cent. This value added contributed
2.4 per cent of Malaysia‟s total value added. Manufacturing sector recorded the highest value
added of RM11,903 million with a contribution of 50.4 per cent. This was followed by Services
sector (RM9,588 million; 40.6%) and Agriculture sector (RM1,107 million; 4.7%) as in Exhibit 5.
Exhibit 5: Value added by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
2010 2015
SHARE VALUE ADDED VALUE ADDED SHARE ANNUAL
(%) (RM Million) (RM Million) (%) GROWTH
(%)
6.3 926 1,107 4.7 3.6
AGRICULTURE
0.1 20 50 0.2 19.8
MINING & QUARRYING
57.9 8,488 11,903 50.4 7.0
MANUFACTURING
4.0 582 986 4.2 11.1

CONSTRUCTION
31.7 4,647 9,587 40.6 15.6
SERVICES
100.0 14,662 TOTAL 23,635 100.0 10.0
23
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
7. NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED

In 2015, the state of Melaka engaged a total of 250,477 persons as compared to
191,571 persons in 2010 with an annual growth of 5.5 per cent. This number of person engaged
in the state of Melaka constituted 2.9 per cent to the total number of persons engaged in
Malaysia. The number of persons engaged in Services sector was the highest at
133,743 persons with a contribution of 53.4 per cent. This was followed by Manufacturing sector
(82,694 persons; 33.0%) and Construction sector (21,763 persons; 8.7%) as in Exhibit 6.
The number of persons engaged in Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and
motorcycles sub-sector recorded the highest number of persons engaged in the Services sector
at 57,616 persons (43.1%). Meanwhile, the number of persons engaged in Manufacture of
computer, electronic and optical products sub-sector was the highest in the Manufacturing
sector (24,701 persons; 29.9%) and the number of persons engaged in Residential buildings
sub-sector was the highest in the Construction sector (6,910 persons; 31.8%).
Exhibit 6: Number of persons engaged by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
2010 2015
NUMBER OF
SHARE PERSONS ENGAGED SHARE ANNUAL
(%) (%) GROWTH
(%)
4.1 7,783 11,771 4.7
8.6
AGRICULTURE
0.1 263 506 0.2
14.0
MINING &
QUARRYING
36.2 69,323 82,694 33.0

3.6
MANUFACTURING
8.9 17,139 21,763 8.7

4.9
CONSTRUCTION
50.7 97,063 133,743 53.4

6.6
SERVICES
100.0 191,571 TOTAL 250,477 100.0

5.5
24
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
8. SALARIES AND WAGES
Total salaries and wages paid in 2015 for the state of Melaka was RM6,010 million as
compared to RM3,459 million in 2010 with an annual growth of 11.7 per cent. The amount of
salaries and wages paid in the state of Melaka was 2.4 per cent of the total salaries and wages
paid by the establishments in Malaysia.
Out of the total, the highest salaries and wages paid were recorded by Manufacturing sector
with a value of RM2,716 million and a contribution of 45.2 per cent. This was followed by
Services sector (RM2,610 million; 43.4%) and Construction sector (RM478 million; 7.9%) as in
Exhibit 7.
For Manufacturing sector, Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products sub-sector
paid the highest salaries and wages of RM931 million (34.3%). Meanwhile, for Services and
Manufacturing sectors, Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles;
and Specialized construction activities sub-sectors paid the highest salaries and wages with
RM1,166 million (44.7%) and RM146 million (30.5%), respectively.
Exhibit 7: Salaries and wages by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
SALARIES & WAGES SHARE ANNUAL

(RM Million) (%) GROWTH
(%)
AGRICULTURE
2015 196 3.3
12.5
2010 109 3.1
MINING & QUARRYING
2015 10 0.2
15.2
2010 5 0.1
MANUFACTURING
2015 2,716 45.2
10.5
2010 1,647 47.6
CONSTRUCTION
2015 478 7.9
8.5
2010 317 9.2
SERVICES
2015 2,610 43.4
13.6
2010 1,381 39.9
2015 6,010 100.0

TOTAL 11.7
2010 3,459 100.0
25
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
9. WOMEN-OWNED ESTABLISHMENTS
The number of women-owned establishments in 2015 for the state of Melaka was
6,646 establishments or 21.0 per cent of the total number of establishments in Melaka. The
contribution of gross output of women-owned establishments was 2.1 per cent
(RM2,186 million) with a value added of 5.5 per cent (RM1,310 million) to the total number of
establishments in Melaka. A total of 26,760 persons (10.7%) of the total number of persons
engaged in the state of Melaka were employed by women-owned establishments with salaries
and wages paid RM331 million (5.5%) as in Exhibit 8.
The highest number of women-owned establishments was recorded by Services sector with
6,146 establishments (92.5%), followed by Manufacturing sector (328 establishments; 4.9%).
The highest value added was also recorded by Services sector at RM808 million (61.7%). The
second highest value added was recorded by Agriculture sector (RM414 million; 31.6%).
Exhibit 8: Women-owned establishments by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

NUMBER OF VALUE OF VALUE NUMBER OF SALARIES &
ESTABLISHMENTS GROSS ADDED PERSON WAGES
OUTPUT (RM Million) ENGAGED (RM Million)
(RM Million)
2015 545 414 2,250 38

AGRICULTURE —— 81
2010 5 42 30 335 3
MINING & 2015 - - - -

—— -
QUARRYING - - - -
2010 -
2015 328 179 50 1,385 21

MANUFACTURING ——
2010 223 46 17 685 6
2015 91 104 38 960 19

CONSTRUCTION —— 917 16
2010 46 98 32
2015 6,146 1,358 808 22,165 252

SERVICES ——
2010 4,153 695 407 15,026 107
2015 6,646 2,186 1,310 26,760 331

TOTAL
2010 4,427 882 485 16,963 132
26
STATE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
STATE OF MELAKA
Introduction
Melaka has achieved the status of 'Advanced, Sustainable and Urban State' on 10th October 2010
through the measurements of 32 OECD and MURNInet indicators. The State Government is drafting
the Melaka‟s Structure Plan (RSNM) 2035 which is aimed at "Empowering Melaka Development as a
thriving, green, prosperous and reputable city".
The goal of this structural plan is supported by four main cores. These four cores are interconnected
and a complement to each other:
Core 1: Sustainable Economic Growth

Core 2: Melaka State of Green Technology City
Core 3: Melaka Prosperous and Inclusive
Core 4: Melaka State Identity
Core 1: Sustainable Economic Growth
Development towards the Developing City State is closely related to the development of major
economic sectors; especially the industrial, tourism, services and business sectors as the main
generator as well as transport and infrastructure sectors as catalysts.
Priority is from the aspect of increasing the income of the state and the income of the population that is
equivalent to developed states in Malaysia such as Selangor, Johor and Penang. Emphasis is given to
high technology industry sectors as well as new fields such as biotechnology, nano technology,
aerospace, biochemistry and halal product production. A close collaboration with key players
internationally, especially China is expanded in realising this direction.
Key infrastructures and relationships are essential to stimulate and ensure the ever-expanding
economic development. Hence, provision of utilities and transportation facilities is also emphasised.
These support elements are catalytic factors in attracting investments.
Core 2: Melaka State of Green Technology City
The focus of this direction is sustainable township, environmentally friendly and renewable energy,
environmental preservation, efficient transport and prudent water management. Based on these
directions, the development of urban green technology cities is formulated covering the land use and
urbanization, placement, environment, water supply, transportation and infrastructure sectors. The
direction of sustainable green city development states emphasizes the need to optimize urban activities
within existing urban areas, especially the City of Melaka through infill development and renewal.
27
STATE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
Core 3: Melaka Prosperous and Inclusive
The strategic direction set out to achieve the goal towards Melaka as the Prosperous City State is:
 Emphasis on the provision of the needs of the population in the housing, community facilities,
leisure areas, sports and recreation, transportation especially transportation and supply of
quality utilities.
 The roadmap is intended to ensure that residents have the opportunity to have a home with a
quality and safe environment, affordable and support facilities such as community amenities,
recreational and sports facilities.
 Opportunities for residents to participate in the development of the state's economy, especially
tourism and small industries such as local food production and other local-based.
Core 4: Melaka State Identity
 One of the functions of RSNM 2035 is to ensure the identity and advantages of Melaka state in
social and physical aspects can be maintained and utilised for development purposes.
 World city status by UNESCO is an early starting point for identity-based development in
Melaka. Enhancement and management to ensure continuity of image and status needs to be
strengthened.
 The advantages of Melaka State with positive community values, the heritage of traditional
buildings, the culture and the multi-racial life, the spatial characteristics of the village and the
distinctive rural villages, the existence of a delicious tradition of food requires management and
control.
 The image of the city and buildings that are known by the State of Melaka in the form of
landscape design, building and engineering detail (ladder, porch, tile and others) require
effective management on the part of government and private and should be documented
preferably.
This comprehensive Structure Plan is expected to make the State of Melaka a thriving, green,
prosperous city with a resilient town and beamed by 2035.
Source: Melaka Town and Country Planning Department
28
BAHAGIAN 2
NOTA TEKNIKAL
NOTA TEKNIKAL
1. PENDAHULUAN
Laporan ini memuatkan statistik pertubuhan di Malaysia bagi tahun rujukan 2015. Statistik
dikumpul dan disusun daripada Banci Ekonomi yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2016. Laporan
ini juga mengandungi kadar pertumbuhan mengikut indikator tertentu berbanding Banci
Ekonomi 2011, tahun rujukan 2010.
2. KUASA PERUNDANGAN
Banci Ekonomi 2016 ini dilaksanakan di bawah Akta Perangkaan 1965 (Disemak 1989).
Seksyen 5 di bawah akta ini menghendaki mana-mana pertubuhan yang beroperasi di Malaysia
untuk memberikan maklumat sebenar atau anggaran terbaik kepada Jabatan. Mengikut Akta
ini, kandungan soal selidik adalah sulit dan hanya angka agregat diterbitkan.
3. SKOP DAN LIPUTAN

Banci ini meliputi pertubuhan berdaftar yang terlibat dalam sektor Pertanian, Perlombongan &
pengkuarian, Pembuatan, Pembinaan dan Perkhidmatan. Tahun banci merujuk kepada tahun
pelaksanaan banci. Tahun rujukan bagi banci ini ialah tahun takwim 2015. Pertubuhan yang
mempunyai tahun perakaunan yang berbeza bagi tahun takwim diminta menyediakan laporan
mengikut tahun perakaunan atau kewangan yang meliputi sebahagian besar daripada tahun
rujukan. Liputan tidak termasuk perkhidmatan kerajaan, kediaman yang didiami oleh pemilik
dan pertubuhan tidak berdaftar.
4. KONSEP DAN DEFINISI

Pertubuhan
Pertubuhan ditakrifkan sebagai “satu unit ekonomi yang bergiat di bawah satu hak milik atau
penguasaan tunggal, iaitu di bawah satu entiti yang sah. Ia menjalankan satu jenis aktiviti
ekonomi utama di satu tempat/lokasi fizikal”. Setiap pertubuhan diberikan klasifikasi industri
yang berbeza berdasarkan aktiviti utamanya dan bukannya mengikut aktiviti syarikat induk.
Jenis aktiviti perniagaan

Jenis aktiviti perniagaan merujuk kepada aktiviti utama dan sekunder. Aktiviti utama merujuk
kepada aktiviti yang mana pertubuhan menumpukan sebahagian besar sumbernya atau
memberikan sumbangan besar dari segi pendapatan. Aktiviti sekunder adalah sampingan atau
sokongan kepada aktiviti utama. Klasifikasi industri pertubuhan dibuat berdasarkan aktivti
utama dan mengikut Piawaian Klasifikasi Industri Malaysia (MSIC) versi 1.0. MSIC 2008 versi
1.0 yang diguna pakai adalah selaras dengan International Standard Industrial Classification of
All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4, 2008, dengan pengubahsuaian untuk keperluan
tempatan.
31
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Definisi tersebut adalah termasuk aktiviti berikut:
i. Pertanian
Pertanian termasuk penggunaan sumber semula jadi tumbuh-tumbuhan dan
haiwan merangkumi aktiviti penanaman, pemeliharaan dan penternakan haiwan dan
pengeluaran produk haiwan, penebangan kayu balak dan tanaman lain serta perikanan
tangkapan dan akuakultur.
ii. Tanaman
(a) Tanaman kekal
Tanaman kekal adalah tanaman yang mengeluarkan hasil berulang kali dan mempunyai
jangka hayat lebih dari setahun (contoh kelapa sawit, getah, durian dsb). Kumpulan ini
termasuk tanaman yang dapat mengeluarkan hasil lebih daripada dua musim sama ada
dengan tumbuh semula selepas satu musim penanaman atau tumbuh berterusan.
Termasuk penanaman tumbuh-tumbuhan untuk tujuan pengeluaran benih.
(b) Tanaman tidak kekal

Tanaman tidak kekal adalah tanaman yang mengeluarkan hasil sekali dan mempunyai
jangka hayat kurang daripada setahun (contoh sayur, bunga dsb). Kumpulan ini termasuk
tanaman yang tidak boleh mengeluarkan hasil lebih daripada dua musim. Termasuk juga
penanaman tumbuh-tumbuhan untuk tujuan pengeluaran benih.
iii. Ternakan
Penternakan haiwan merujuk kepada penternakan lembu/kerbau, ayam/itik, babi dan
lain-lain ternakan sama ada untuk daging, telur, susu, madu dan lain-lain serta bagi
tujuan pembiakan.
iv. Perikanan
(a) Perikanan
Perikanan merujuk kepada perikanan tangkapan iaitu aktiviti pemburuan, pemungutan
dan pengumpulan ke arah pemindahan atau pemungutan organisma hidupan akuatik liar
(terutamanya ikan, moluska dan krustasia) termasuk tumbuhan daripada lautan, pinggir
pantai perairan pedalaman untuk kegunaan manusia dan tujuan lain dengan
menggunakan pelbagai jenis alat tangkapan ikan seperti pukat, kail dan perangkap statik.
(b) Akuakultur
Akuakultur merujuk kepada proses pengeluaran yang melibatkan pengkulturan (termasuk
tuaian) organisma akuatik (ikan, moluska, krustasia dan tumbuhan) dengan
menggunakan teknik yang direka bentuk untuk meningkatkan pengeluaran organisma
tersebut melebihi kapasiti persekitaran semulajadinya.
32
NOTA TEKNIKAL
v. Perhutanan dan pembalakan

Perhutanan dan pembalakan adalah termasuk pengeluaran kayu balak untuk indusri
berasaskan kayu meliputi pengekstrakan dan pengumpulan produk hutan bukan kayu
yang tumbuh liar. Selain pengeluaran kayu balak, aktiviti perhutanan yang menghasilkan
produk melalui proses minima seperti kayu api, kayu arang, reja kayu dan kayu balak
yang digunakan dalam bentuk belum proses (contoh kayu cerucuk, kayu pulpa dsb.) juga
termasuk dalam kumpulan ini. Aktiviti ini boleh dijalankan dalam hutan asli dan ladang
hutan.
vi. Bekalan air, pembetungan, pengurusan sisa dan aktiviti pemulihan

Bekalan air, pembetungan, pengurusan sisa dan aktiviti pemulihan merujuk kepada
aktiviti-aktiviti yang berkaitan dengan pengurusan (termasuk pemungutan, perawatan dan
pembuangan) dalam pelbagai bentuk sisa, seperti sisa pepejal dan bukan pepejal
perindustrian atau isi rumah, termasuk juga tapak yang tercemar. Hasil sisa atau proses
perawatan pembetungan boleh juga dibuang atau menjadi input kepada proses-proses
pengeluaran yang lain. Aktiviti-aktiviti yang berkaitan dengan bekalan air juga dimasukkan
dalam sektor ini, memandangkan aktiviti ini dijalankan secara terus atau mengikut unit
yang terlibat dalam rawatan air kumbahan.
vii. Perlombongan & pengkuarian

Perlombongan & pengkuarian termasuk pengekstrakan mineral yang terjadi secara
semulajadi seperti pepejal (batu arang dan bijih), cecair (petroleum) atau gas (gas asli).
Pengekstrakan boleh dijalankan melalui pelbagai kaedah seperti perlombongan bawah
tanah atau dedah, pengoperasian telaga, perlombongan dasar laut dan lain-lain.
viii. Perlombongan
Perlombongan adalah ditakrifkan sebagai pengekstrakan, pembersihan dan pemanfaatan
mineral-mineral semulajadi, berbentuk pepejal seperti batu arang dan bijih, cecair seperti
minyak mentah dan berbentuk gas seperti gas asli. Perlombongan termasuk lombong
bawah tanah dan lombong permukaan, kuari dan telaga-telaga dan semua kegiatan
tambahan untuk pembersihan dan pemanfaatan bijih dan mineral mentah lain seperti
pemecahan, penapisan, pembasuhan, pembersihan, penggredan, pengilangan,
pengapungan, peleburan, penggentelan, pengkacipan dan persiapan-persiapan lain yang
diperlukan bagi menyediakan bahan-bahan ini untuk membolehkannya dipasarkan.
Aktiviti perlombongan juga dikelaskan kepada kumpulan-kumpulan berdasarkan mineral
utama yang dikeluarkan.
33
NOTA TEKNIKAL
ix. Pengkuarian
Ia merujuk kepada aktiviti pengekstrakan dari lombong atau kuari dan pengorekan
mendapan lanar (aluvium), pemecahan batu dan penggunaan garam paya. Produk ini
digunakan dengan meluas dalam sektor pembinaan (cth. pasir, batu, dll.), pembuatan
bahan mentah (cth. tanah liat, gipsum, kalsium, dll.), pembuatan bahan kimia, dll. Ia
termasuk pengkuarian, pemotongan kasar bongkah batu dan batu bangunan seperti
marmar, granit, batu pasir, dll, pengkuarian, pemecahan dan pemotongan batu kapur,
perlombongan gipsum dan anhidrit, perlombongan kapur dan dolomit, pengekstrakan dan
penggorekan pasir industri, pasir untuk pembinaan dan kerikil, memecah dan
menghancur batu dan kerikil, pengkuarian pasir dan perlombongan tanah liat, efraktori
tanah liat dan kaolin. Ia juga termasuk perlombongan mineral kimia dan baja,
pengekstrakan tanah gambut, pengekstrakan garam, dan dll.
x. Petroleum dan gas asli

Merujuk kepada pengeluaran petroleum mentah, perlombongan dan pengekstrakan
minyak daripada minyak batu syal dan pasir minyak dan pengeluaran gas asli dan
perolehan semula cecair hidrokarbon. Ia termasuk keseluruhan aktiviti pengoperasian
dan/atau pembangunan kelengkapan lapangan minyak dan gas, termasuklah aktiviti
seperti penggerudian, penyiapan dan melengkapkan telaga, operasi pengasingan,
pemisahan emulsi, peralatan penyahkelodak dan penyambungan aktiviti lapangan untuk
petroleum mentah dan semua aktiviti dalam penyediaan minyak dan gas sehingga ke
tempat penghantaran daripada pusat pengeluaran. Ia juga termasuk aktiviti sokongan
bagi pengekstrakan petroleum dan gas seperti perkhidmatan lapangan minyak dan gas,
yang dibuat berdasarkan kontrak atau yuran, eksplorasi telaga minyak dan gas dan
penggerudian ujian dan aktiviti penggerekan (boring) yang baru diliputi dalam
Banci Ekonomi 2016.
Nota: Definisi Pengkuarian batu adalah untuk subsektor Pengkuarian dan pasir.
xi. Pembuatan
Pembuatan adalah ditakrifkan sebagai perubahan fizikal atau kimia ke atas bahan atau
komponen yang akan menjadi produk baru sama ada kerja itu dilakukan oleh jentera
yang dijalankan dengan tangan, sama ada dijalankan dalam kilang atau di rumah pekerja
dan sama ada barang keluaran dijual secara borong atau runcit.
34
NOTA TEKNIKAL
xii. Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap, dan pendingin udara

Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendinginan udara adalah ditakrifkan sebagai aktiviti
pembekalan tenaga elektrik, gas asli, wap, air panas dan seumpamanya melalui satu
infrastruktur (rangkaian) tetap bagi talian, saluran utama dan paip. Dimensi rangkaian ini
tidak dapat ditentukan; juga termasuk pengagihan elektrik, gas, wap, air panas dan
seumpamanya di kawasan perindustrian atau bangunan tempat kediaman. Oleh itu,
seksyen ini termasuk operasi utiliti elektrik dan gas yang menjana, mengawal dan
mengagih tenaga elektrik atau gas. Juga termasuk bekalan wap dan pendinginan udara.
xiii. Pembinaan
Pembinaan adalah ditakrifkan sebagai pembinaan baru, pengubahsuaian, pembaikan dan
perobohan. Pemasangan sebarang jenis jentera atau peralatan yang dipasang ketika
pembinaan asal adalah diambil kira, demikian juga bagi pemasangan jentera atau
peralatan selepas pembinaan asal tetapi memerlukan perubahan struktur bagi
pemasangannya. Penentuan lokasi bagi Negeri dan Daerah adalah berdasarkan nilai
kerja pembinaan tertinggi yang dilaporkan oleh pertubuhan di sesebuah Negeri / Daerah
dalam tahun rujukan.
xiv. Perdagangan borong dan runcit

Perdagangan borong dan runcit merujuk kepada perdagangan borong, perdagangan
runcit dan kenderaan bermotor merujuk kepada aktiviti “penjualan semula (tanpa
pengubahsuaian) barangan baru dan barangan yang telah digunakan”. Perdagangan
borong merujuk kepada aktiviti penjualan semula (tanpa pengubahsuaian) barangan baru
dan terpakai kepada peruncit, pengguna perindustrian, perdagangan, institusi atau
profesional; atau kepada pemborong lain; atau bertindak sebagai agen atau broker dalam
pembelian barang dagangan, atau menjual barang dagangan kepada orang atau syarikat
berkenaan. Perdagangan runcit merujuk kepada penjualan semula (tanpa
pengubahsuaian) barang baru dan terpakai kepada orang awam untuk kegunaan
persendirian atau isi rumah. Kenderaan bermotor merujuk kepada jualan secara borong
dan runcit kenderaan bermotor dan motorsikal, sama ada baru atau terpakai, jualan
alat-alat ganti dan aksesori kenderaan, penyelenggaraan dan pembaikan kenderaan
bermotor dan motorsikal termasuk mencuci, mengilap dan menunda kenderaan serta
jualan oleh agen berkomisen.
xv. Pengangkutan dan penyimpanan

Pengangkutan dan penyimpanan merujuk kepada penyediaan bagi pengangkutan
penumpang atau muatan, sama ada berjadual atau tidak, melalui rel, saluran paip, jalan
raya, air atau udara dan aktiviti yang berhubungkait seperti kemudahan terminal,
pengendalian kargo, penyimpanan dan lain-lain. Termasuk juga penyewaan kelengkapan
pengangkutan dengan pemandu atau operator dan juga perkhidmatan pos dan kurier.
35
NOTA TEKNIKAL
xvi. Penginapan
Penginapan merujuk kepada penginapan jangka pendek untuk pelawat dan pelancong.
Perkhidmatan penginapan meliputi pertubuhan berdaftar yang terlibat dalam aktiviti
perkhidmatan penginapan yang merangkumi hotel (termasuk resort), hotel bajet,
pangsapuri khidmat, chalet, rumah rehat/rumah tetamu, hostel, bed & breakfast, tapak
perkhemahan, taman kenderaan rekreasi, taman treler dan jenis penginapan yang lain.
xvii. Makanan dan minuman

Makanan dan minuman merujuk kepada penyediaan hidangan makanan dan minuman
untuk penggunaan segera, sama ada di restoran tradisional, restoran layan diri atau bawa
pulang, yang didirikan secara kekal dengan atau tiada kemudahan tempat duduk.
Hidangan yang dibekalkan untuk penggunaan segera adalah faktor yang diambil kira
bukannya jenis kemudahan untuk menyediakan hidangan tersebut.
xviii. Maklumat dan komunikasi

Maklumat dan komunikasi merujuk kepada penyediaan produksi dan pengedaran
maklumat dan produk kebudayaan serta peruntukan untuk menghantar atau mengedar
produk tersebut seperti data atau komunikasi, aktiviti teknologi maklumat dan prosesan
data dan aktiviti perkhidmatan maklumat yang lain. Termasuk dalam perkhidmatan ini
ialah aktiviti penerbitan, wayang gambar, pengeluaran video dan program televisyen,
rakaman bunyi dan penerbitan muzik, pemprograman dan penyiaran, telekomunikasi,
pengaturcaraan komputer, perundingan dan aktiviti berkaitan dan aktiviti perkhidmatan
maklumat.
xix. Kewangan
Kewangan termasuk semua unit yang terlibat dalam aktiviti pengantaraan kewangan,
lain-lain pengantara kewangan dan aktiviti sokongan kewangan, aktiviti insurans, takaful
dan tabungan pencen dan aktiviti sokongan kepada insurans, takaful dan tabungan
pencen.
xx. Hartanah
Hartanah merujuk kepada aktiviti pembelian, penjualan, penyewaan dan pengendalian
bagi hartanah milikan sendiri atau pajakan; penyediaan rumah dan flat atau pangsapuri
yang berkelengkapan atau tanpa kelengkapan untuk kegunaan kekal, kebiasaannya
berdasarkan bulanan atau tahunan; pembangunan bagi projek yang dibina untuk operasi
sendiri, penyewaan ruang dalam bangunan; pembahagian hartanah kepada lot tanpa
pembaikan tanah dan operasi tapak rumah kediaman bergerak. Ia juga termasuk aktiviti
hartanah atas dasar bayaran atau kontrak termasuk perkhidmatan yang berkaitan dengan
hartanah.
36
NOTA TEKNIKAL
xxi. Profesional
Profesional merangkumi pertubuhan yang khusus dalam menjalankan aktiviti-aktiviti
profesional, di mana ianya memerlukan tahap kepakaran dan latihan yang tinggi.
Pertubuhan di sektor ini mengkhusus berasaskan kepada kepakaran serta menyediakan
perkhidmatan ini kepada industri dan isirumah. Aktiviti yang dijalankan termasuk
perkhidmatan arkitek; kejuruteraan; juruukur; guaman; perakaunan; perkhidmatan
perundingan pengurusan; penyelidikan dan pembangunan saintifik & ujian teknikal dan
analisis; pengiklanan dan veterinar.
xxii. Pentadbiran dan khidmat sokongan

Pentadbiran dan khidmat sokongan termasuk pelbagai aktiviti yang menyokong operasi
am perniagaan. Ia termasuk aktiviti sewaan dan pajakan, aktiviti pekerjaan, agensi
pengembaraan, operator pelancongan dan aktiviti perkhidmatan penempahan lain, aktiviti
keselamatan dan penyiasatan, aktiviti perkhidmatan kepada bangunan dan lanskap,
pentadbiran pejabat, aktiviti sokongan pejabat dan perniagaan lain.
xxiii. Pendidikan
Pendidikan merujuk kepada pertubuhan yang berdaftar dengan Kementerian Pendidikan
Malaysia dan Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi yang menyediakan perkhidmatan pelajaran
akademik, vokasional dan perdagangan. Termasuk dalam kumpulan ini ialah pra sekolah,
sekolah rendah, sekolah menengah, sekolah teknik dan vokasional serta kolej dan
universiti (termasuk sekolah kejururawatan serta institut perdagangan dan teknik lain).
Juga termasuk ialah pendidikan sukan dan rekreasi, pendidikan kebudayaan, pusat
tuisyen, sekolah memandu yang membekalkan perkhidmatan pelajaran automobil,
sekolah agama, sekolah komputer dan sekolah atau institusi lain serta perkhidmatan
sokongan pendidikan.
xxiv. Kesihatan dan kerja sosial

Kesihatan dan kerja sosial merujuk aktiviti bermula daripada penjagaan kesihatan yang
disediakan oleh profesional perubatan terlatih di hospital dan kemudahan lain
sehinggalah kepada aktiviti rumah penjagaan dan aktiviti penjagaan kesihatan kepada
kerja sosial tanpa penglibatan profesional dalam penjagaan kesihatan. Ini termasuk
aktiviti hospital, aktiviti amalan perubatan & pergigian, aktiviti kesihatan kemanusiaan lain,
aktiviti rumah penjagaan dan aktiviti kerja sosial tanpa penginapan.
xxv. Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi

Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi termasuk pelbagai aktiviti bagi memenuhi minat orang
awam dalam aktiviti kebudayaan, hiburan dan rekreasi meliputi persembahan secara
langsung, operasi muzium, perjudian, sukan dan rekreasi.
37
NOTA TEKNIKAL
xxvi. Perkhidmatan lain
Perkhidmatan lain termasuk aktiviti keahlian organisasi, membaiki komputer dan
barangan persendirian dan isi rumah dan pelbagai aktiviti perkhidmatan persendirian
lain yang tidak diliputi di dalam mana-mana klasifikasi Piawaian Klasifikasi Industri
Malaysia.
5. KADAR PERTUMBUHAN TAHUNAN DIKOMPAUN

Pengiraan kadar pertumbuhan tahunan (r) adalah berdasarkan formula berikut:-
Yt = Nilai pada tahun semasa

Y0 = Nilai pada tahun sebelum
t = Bilangan tahun, Yt - Y0
r = Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan
6. PEMBUNDARAN
Jumlah bagi komponen mungkin berbeza dengan jumlah besar didalam jadual-jadual dalam
penerbitan ini disebabkan oleh pembundaran angka.
7. SIMBOL DAN SINGKATAN

Simbol-simbol dan huruf ringkas berikut telah digunakan dalam keseluruhan penerbitan:
0 nilai kurang daripada 1

- tiada
.. / NA tidak berkaitan
> lebih daripada
< kurang daripada
} digabungkan
RM Ringgit Malaysia
W.P. Wilayah Persekutuan
t.t.t.l. tidak terkelas di tempat lain
b bilion
j juta
CAGR Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan dikompaun
dsb. dan sebagainya
cth. contoh
38
PART 2
TECHNICAL NOTES
TECHNICAL NOTES
1. INTRODUCTION
This report provides statistics on establishments in Malaysia for the year 2015. The statistics
were generated based of Economic Census conducted in 2016. This report also contain the
growth rate based on specific indicators in comparison with Economic Census 2011 with
reference year 2010.
2. LEGAL AUTHORITY
Economic Census 2016 was conducted under the provisions of the Statistics Act, 1985
(Revised-1989). The Section 5 of this Act requires all establishments operating in Malaysia to
provide actual information or best estimates to the Department. The Act stipulates that the
contents of individual returns are confidential and only aggregated figures are published.
3. SCOPE AND COVERAGE

This census covers all registered establishments in the Agriculture, Mining & quarrying,
Manufacturing, Construction and Services. Census year refers to the year in which a census
was conducted. The reference period of the census was the calendar year 2015.
Establishments whose accounting year differed from calendar year were asked to report
according to the accounting year covering the major part of the reference year. Coverage
excludes government services and owner occupied dwelling and unregistered establishments.
4. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

Establishment
An establishment is defined as “an economic unit that engaged in one activity, under a single
legal entity and operating in a single physical location”. Each establishment was assigned an
industry classification based on its principal activity and not to that of its parent company.
Type of business activities

Types of business activity refer to both principal and secondary activities. The principal activity
refers to the activity to which the establishment devoted most of its resources or activity which
contributes the largest income. Secondary activities are those incidental or ancillary to the
principal activity. The classification of the industry of the establishment is based on the principal
activity and is in accordance to the Malaysian Standard Industrial Classification (MSIC) 2008
version 1.0. The MSIC 2008 version 1.0 conforms to the latest International Standard Industrial
Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4, 2008, with modifications to suit local
conditions.
41
TECHNICAL NOTES
The definitions include the following activities:
i. Agriculture
Agriculture covers the use of natural resources of plants & animals, which includes
growing, breeding & rearing of animals and production of animal products, felling of trees
& other plants, as well as capture fishery and aquaculture.
ii. Crops
(a) Perennial crops
Perennial crops are crops that produce products repeatedly and have a life expectancy of
more than one year (e.g. oil palm, rubber, durian, etc.). This group includes the plants that
last for more than two growing seasons, either growing back after each season or growing
continuously. Included is the growing of plants for the purpose of seed production.
(b) Non-Perennial crops

Non-perennial crops are crops that produce products once and have a life span less than
one year (e.g. vegetables, flowers, etc.). This group includes the growing of plants that do
not last more than two growing seasons. Included is the growing of plants for the purpose
of seed production.
iii. Livestock
Livestock farming refers to cattle/buffaloes farming, poultry, pig and other animals
whether for meat, egg, milk, honey and others as well as for breeding purposes.
iv. Fisheries
(a) Fisheries
Fisheries refers to capture fishery i.e. the hunting, collecting and gathering activities
directed at removing or collecting live wild aquatic organisms (predominantly fish,
molluscs and crustaceans) including plants from the oceanic, coastal or inland waters for
human consumption and other purposes by hand or more usually by various types of
fishing gear such as nets, lines and stationary traps.
(b) Aquaculture
Aquaculture refers to the production process involving the culturing or farming (including
harvesting) of aquatic organisms (fish, molluscs, crustaceans, plant) using techniques
designed to increase the production of the organisms beyond the natural capacity of the
environment.
42
TECHNICAL NOTES
v. Forestry and logging

Forestry and logging are includes the production of round wood for the forest based
manufacturing industries as well as the extraction and gathering of wild growing non-wood
forest product. Besides the production of timber, forestry activities result in products that
undergo little processing, such as fire wood, charcoal, wood chips and round wood used
in unprocessed form (example pit-props, pulpwood, etc.) also include in this group. These
activities can be carried out in natural or planted forests.
vi. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities refer to activities
related to the management (including collection, treatment and disposal) of various forms
of waste, such as solid or non-solid industrial or household waste, as well as
contaminated sites. The output of the waste or sewage treatment process can either be
disposed of or become an input into other production processes. Activities of water supply
are also grouped in this sector, since they are often carried out in connection with, or by
units also engaged in, the treatment of sewage.
vii. Mining & quarrying

Mining & quarrying include the extraction of minerals occurring naturally as solids (coal
and ores), liquids (petroleum) or gases (natural gas). Extraction can be achieved by
different methods such as underground or surface mining, well operation, seabed mining,
etc.
viii. Mining
Mining is defined as the extraction, dressing and beneficiating of minerals occurring
naturally as solids, such as coal and ores; liquids, such as crude oil; or gases, such as
natural gas. Mining also includes underground and surface mines, quarries and wells and
all supplemental activities for dressing and beneficiating ores and other crude minerals
such as crushing, screening, washing, cleaning, grading, milling, flotation, melting,
pelleting, topping and other preparations needed to render the material marketable.
Mining activities are classified into groups on the basis of the principal mineral produced.
43
TECHNICAL NOTES
ix. Quarrying
It refers to activity of extraction from a mine or quarry, but also dredging of alluvial
deposits, rock crushing and the use of salt marshes. The products are used most notably
in construction (e.g. sands, stones, etc.), manufacture of materials (e.g. clay, gypsum,
calcium, etc.), manufacture of chemicals, etc. It includes quarrying, rough trimming and
sawing of monumental and building stone such as marble, granite, sandstones, etc.,
quarrying, crushing and breaking of limestone, mining of gypsum and anhydrite, mining of
chalk and unclaimed dolomite, extraction and dredging of industrial sand, sand for
construction and gravel, breaking and crushing of stone and gravel, quarrying of sand and
mining of clays, refractory clays and kaolin. Activities of It also include mining of chemical
and fertilizer minerals, extraction of peat, extraction of salt, etc.
x. Petroleum and natural gas

It refers to the production of crude petroleum, the mining and extraction of oil from oil
shale and oil sands and the production of natural gas and recovery of hydrocarbon
liquids. This includes the overall activities of operating and/ or developing oil and gas field
properties, including such activities as drilling, completing and equipping wells, operating
separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment and field gathering lines for
crude petroleum and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas up to the point of
shipment from the producing property. It also includes support activities for petroleum and
gas extraction, such as oil and gas field services, performed on a fee or contract basis, oil
and gas well exploration and test drilling and boring activities newly covered in
Economic Census 2016.
Note: Definition of Stone quarrying refers to Quarrying and sand sub-sector.
xi. Manufacturing
Manufacturing is defined as a physical or chemical transformation of materials or
components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machines
or by hand, whether it is done at a factory or at the worker‟s home and whether the
products are sold in wholesale or retail.
xii. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply is defined as the activity of providing
electric power, natural gas, steam, hot water and the like through a permanent
infrastructure (network) of lines, mains and pipes. The dimension of the network is not
decisive; also included are the distribution of electricity, gas, steam, hot water and the
like in industrial parks or residential buildings. This section therefore includes the
operation of electric and gas utilities, which generate, control and distribute electric power
or gas. Also included is the provision of steam and air-conditioning supply.
44
TECHNICAL NOTES
xiii. Construction
Construction is defined as new construction, alteration, repair and demolition. Installation
of any machinery or equipment which is built-in at the time of the original construction is
included, as well as installation of machinery or equipment after the original construction
but which requires structural alteration in order to install. The determination of the location
of State and District is based on the highest value of construction work done in a
State/ District as reported by the establishment in the reference year.
xiv. Wholesale and retail trade

Wholesale and retail trade refer to wholesale trade, retail trade and motor vehicles refers
to the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods. Wholesale Trade
refers to the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods to retailers; to
industrial, commercial, institutional or professional users; or to other wholesalers; or
involves acting as an agent or broker in buying merchandise for, or selling merchandise to
such persons or companies. Retail Trade refers to the resale (sale without transformation)
of new and used goods to the general public for personal or household consumption or
utilization. Motor Vehicles refers to activity related to the wholesale and retail sale of
motor vehicles and motorcycles, either new or used, sale of motor vehicle parts and
accessories, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles including
washing, polishing and towing as well as sales by commission agents.
xv. Transportation and storage

Transportation and storage refers to provision of passengers or freight transport, whether
scheduled or not, by rail, pipeline, road, water or air and associated activities such as
terminal and parking facilities, cargo handling, storage, etc. Included also renting of
transport equipment with driver or operator and postal and courier services.
xvi. Accommodation
Accommodation refers to provision of short-stay for visitors and other travellers.
Accommodation services covered all registered establishments engaged in the
accommodation services including hotels (including resort hotels), budget hotels, services
apartment, chalets, rest houses/guest houses, hostels, bed & breakfast, camping ground,
recreational vehicle parks, trailer parks and other types of accommodation in Malaysia.
xvii. Food and beverages

Food and beverage refers to providing meals and drinks fit for immediate consumption,
whether in traditional restaurants, self-service or take-away restaurants, whether as
permanent with or without seating. Decisive is the fact that meals fit for immediate
consumption are offered, not the kind of facility providing them.
45
TECHNICAL NOTES
xviii. Information and communication

Information and communication refers to production and distribution of information and
cultural products, the provision of the means to transmit or distribute these products, as
well as data or communications, information technology activities and the processing of
data and other information services activities. This services includes publishing activities,
motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music
publishing activities, broadcasting and programming activities, telecommunications,
computer programming, consultancy and related activities and information services
activities.
xix. Financial
Financial refers to all activities of financial intermediation i.e. obtaining and redistributing
funds in the form of deposits by Central Banks and other monetary institutions. It also
includes all units engaged in insurance and pension funding as well as other activities
auxiliary to financial intermediation.
xx. Real estate

Real estate refers to buying, selling, renting and operating of self-owned or leased real
estate; provision of homes and furnished or unfurnished flats or apartments for more
permanent use, typically on a monthly or annual basis; development of building projects
for own operation, i.e. for renting of space in these buildings; subdividing real estate into
lots, without land improvement and operation of residential mobile home sites. These
activities also include the provision of real estate activities on a fee or contract basis
including real estate related services.
xxi. Professional
Professional comprises establishment that specialised in performing professional activities
require a high degree of expertise and training. The establishments in this sector
specialised according to expertise and provide these services to industries and, in some
cases to household. Activities performed include architectural; engineering; surveying;
legal; accounting; management consultancy services; research and scientific
development & technical testing and analysis; advertising and veterinary.
xxii. Administrative and support services

Administrative and support services includes a variety of activities that support general
business operations. This includes rental and leasing activities, employment activities,
travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service activities, security and
investigation activities, services to buildings and landscape activities, office administrative,
office support and other business support activities.
46
TECHNICAL NOTES
xxiii. Education
Education refers to establishments registered with the Ministry of Education, Malaysia and
the Ministry of Higher Education that provides academic, vocational and commercial
educational services. Included in this group are pre-primary, primary schools, secondary
schools, technical and vocational secondary schools, private university and colleges
(including schools of nursing, commercial and other technical institute). Also included are
sports and recreation education, cultural education, tuition centers, driving schools which
provide automobile educational services, religious instruction, computer training, other
schools or other institutions as well as other educational supportive services.
xxiv. Health and social work services

Health and social work services refers activities starting from health care provided by
trained medical professionals in hospitals and other facilities, over residential care
activities that still involve a degree of health care activities to social work activities without
any involvement of health care professionals. This includes hospital activities, medical &
dental practice activities, other human health activities, residential care activities and
social work activities without accommodation.
xxv. Art, entertainment and recreation services

Art, entertainment and recreation services includes a wide range of activities to meet
varied cultural, entertainment and recreational interests of the general public, including
live performances, operation of museum sites, gambling, sport and recreation activities.
xxvi. Other services

Other services includes the activities of membership organisations, repair of computers
and personal and household goods and a variety of other personal service activities not
covered elsewhere in the Malaysian Standard Industrial Classification.
47
TECHNICAL NOTES
5. COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR)
The calculation of the annual growth rate (r) is based on the following formula:
Where;
Yt = Value at current year
Yo = Value at previous year
t = Number of years, Yt - Yo
r = Annual growth rate
6. ROUNDING
The sum of the components may not add up to the total in the tables presented in this
publication due to rounding.
7. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

The following symbols and notations have been used throughout the publication:
0 value less than 1

- nil
.. / NA not applicable
> greater than
< less than
} combine
RM Ringgit Malaysia
W.P. Wilayah Persekutuan
n.e.c. not elsewhere classified
b billion
m million
CAGR Compound annual growth rate
etc. et. Cetera
e.g. example
48
BAHAGIAN 3
KONSEP ASAS STATISTIK

PENGENALAN
1.1 Statistik
Statistik merupakan satu cabang matematik yang menggunakan kaedah saintifik dalam
mengumpul, menyusun, mempersembah dan menganalisis data bagi membantu dalam membuat
keputusan yang lebih efektif.
1.2 Populasi dan Sampel
Populasi, ditandakan sebagai N, adalah sekumpulan elemen yang kita ingin membuat kesimpulan
terhadapnya.
Sampel, ditandakan sebagai n, adalah subset elemen yang terpilih daripada populasi.
1.3 Statistik Deskriptif dan Inferens
Statistik deskriptif adalah kaedah dalam menyusun, meringkaskan dan mempersembahkan data
menggunakan angka dan graf bagi menggambarkan dapatan.
Statistik inferens adalah kaedah dalam membuat keputusan atau kesimpulan mengenai sesuatu
populasi berdasarkan kajian atau pemerhatian terhadap sampel.
1.4 Jenis Data
1.4.1 Variabel Kuantitatif
Variabel kuantitatif ialah data bernombor bagi menyatakan jumlah atau kuantiti. Kuantiti
boleh dikelaskan sebagai diskret atau selanjar.
Variabel Diskrit dan Selanjar
Variabel diskrit adalah nombor yang boleh dikira. Nilai bagi nombor ini pada umumnya
dinyatakan sebagai integer atau nombor bulat. Tiada nilai yang mungkin antara unit
bersebelahan pada skala.
Variabel selanjar adalah nombor yang mempunyai nilai tak terhingga antara unit
bersebelahan pada skala.
1.4.2 Variabel Kualitatif
Variabel kualitatif adalah data bukan bernombor yang mewakili kategori data.
51
1.5 Skala Pengukuran
i. Skala Nominal
Tahap pengukuran yang paling rendah dan digunakan bagi variabel yang bersifat kualitatif.
Data adalah dalam bentuk label, nama atau kategori. Tiada susunan tertentu bagi label,
nama atau kategori dan tidak boleh diukur.
ii. Skala Ordinal

Tahap pengukuran yang agak rendah secara magnitud. Data boleh disusun mengikut
turutan. Ciri-ciri data ini adalah sama dengan data bagi skala nominal dan susunan data
adalah bermakna.
iii. Skala Interval

Data bagi skala interval mempunyai ciri-ciri yang sama dengan skala ordinal dan ia adalah
bernombor. Ia mempunyai magnitud dan selang yang sama antara unit bersebelahan tetapi
tidak mempunyai titik yang sifar mutlak.
iv. Skala Nisbah

Tahap pengukuran yang paling tinggi. Ia mempunyai semua ciri-ciri data bagi skala interval
dan mempunyai titik sifar mutlak.
52
1.6 Pengukuran Kecenderungan Memusat
Pengukuran kecenderungan memusat adalah pengukuran statistik untuk menentukan skor bagi
pusat sesuatu taburan data. Tujuan pengukuran kecenderungan memusat adalah untuk
menentukan skor yang paling tipikal bagi mewakili keseluruhan sesuatu taburan data. Tiga jenis
pengukuran kecenderungan memusat adalah min, median dan mod.
1.6.1 Purata Aritmetik
Min aritmetik ditakrifkan sebagai jumlah bagi nilai dalam set data dibahagikan dengan
bilangan nilai.
Min aritmetik bagi nilai populasi diwakili oleh simbol μ (dibaca sebagai "mew"), manakala
min aritmetik bagi nilai sampel diwakili oleh simbol (dibaca sebagai 'x bar'). Formula
bagi min populasi dan min sampel adalah:
min populasi
min sampel
1.6.2 Min Berwajaran
Min berwajaran adalah min aritmetik di mana setiap nilai diberi pemberat mengikut
kepentingan dalam keseluruhan kumpulan. Formula bagi min berwajaran populasi dan
sampel:
di mana
1.6.3 Median
Median ialah nilai x yang berada di tengah apabila data disusun mengikut urutan dari
yang terkecil ke terbesar.
Jika bilangan data, n, adalah ganjil, maka median ialah nilai yang terletak di tengah atau
berada di kedudukan z.
53
Jika bilangan data, n, adalah genap, median adalah purata nilai tengah yang terletak antara
dan + 1.
1.6.4 Mod
Mod adalah nilai yang paling kerap muncul dalam sesuatu set data.
1.7 Pengukuran Serakan
Pengukuran serakan menggambarkan serakan antara nilai-nilai dalam sesuatu taburan data. Kita
boleh melihat serakan dari segi jarak antara setiap titik dengan min. Jika jaraknya besar, taburan
data dikatakan lebih terserak. Tiga kaedah umum untuk mengukur serakan adalah julat, varians dan
sisihan piawai.
1.7.1 Julat
Julat adalah perbezaan antara nilai tertinggi dengan nilai terendah dalam taburan data.
1.7.2 Varians
Varians adalah purata kuasa dua sisihan antara setiap nilai data dengan min, μ.
Bagi populasi, varians ditulis sebagai:
atau
Bagi sampel, varians ditulis sebagai:
atau
54
1.7.3 Sisihan Piawai
Secara umum, unit bagi varians dinyatakan dalam nilai kuasa dua. Bagi memperoleh
pengukuran serakan diukur dalam unit yang sama seperti data, sisihan piawai, s, dikira. Ia
dikira sebagai punca kuasa dua varians. Sisihan piawai bagi populasi dan sampel ditulis
seperti berikut:
Sisihan piawai bagi populasi: atau
Sisihan piawai bagi sampel: atau
1.7.4 Pekali Variasi
Pekali variasi menunjukkan ukuran relatif serakan sisihan piawai berbanding dengan min.
Formula ini ditulis sebagai:
Populasi:
Sampel:
Pekali digunakan untuk membandingkan serakan bagi dua taburan data. Semakin kecil nilai
CV, semakin stabil (kurang variasi) bagi sesuatu taburan data.
55
PART 3
BASIC STATISTICAL
CONCEPTS
BASIC STATISTICAL CONCEPTS
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Statistics
Statistics is a branch of mathematics that uses scientific methods of collecting, compiling,
presenting and analyzing data to assist in making more effective decisions.
1.2 Population and Sample

Population, denoted by N, is a collection of elements about which we wish to make an
inference.
A sample, denoted by n, is a subset of elements selected from the population.
1.3 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Descriptive statistics is a method in organising, summarising and presenting data in an
informative way and utilises both numerical and graphical tools to describe a finding.
Inferential statistics is a method by which decisions about a statistical population are made
based on a sample that is observed.
1.4 Types of Data
1.4.1 Quantitative Variable
A quantitative variable is a numerical data or observation that represents an amount or

quantity. The quantity can be discrete or continuous.
Discrete and Continuous Variables
A discrete variable is a countable number of values. The values are generally

expressed as integers or whole numbers. It has no possible value between adjacent
units on the scale.
A continuous variable is a number that can have an infinite number of values between
adjacent units on the scale.
1.4.2 Qualitative Variable
A qualitative variable is a non-numerical observation that represents a category of

data.
59
1.5 Scales of Measurement
i. Nominal Scale
The lowest level of measurement and is most often used with variables that are qualitative in
nature rather than quantitative. The data are labels, names or categories. There is no
particular order to the labels, names or categories and no measurement involved.
ii. Ordinal Level Data

It has a relatively low level of the property magnitude. It allows ordering or ranking. The
characteristics of this data are the same as nominal scale and the order of the data is
meaningful.
iii. Interval Scale

The data have the properties of ordinal level data and always numeric. It has the property of
magnitude and equal interval between adjacent units but does not have an absolute zero
point.
iv. Ratio Scale

The highest level of measurement. It has all properties of interval scale data and has an
absolute zero point.
60
1.6 Measures of Central Tendency
Measures of central tendency is a statistical measure to determine a single score that defines the
center of a distribution. The goal of central tendency is to find the single score that is most typical
or most representative of the entire group (sample). The three measures of central tendency are
mean, median and mode.
1.6.1 Arithmetic Mean
The arithmetic mean is defined as the sum of the values in the data set divided by the
number of values.
The arithmetic mean for a population of values is represented by the symbol µ

(read as “mew”), while the arithmetic mean for a sample of values is represented by
the symbol (read as „x bar‟). The formulae for the population mean and the sample
mean are:
population mean
sample mean
1.6.2 The Weighted Mean
The weighted mean is an arithmetic mean in which each value is weighted according
to its importance in the overall group. The formulas for the population and sample
weighted means are given as:
where
1.6.3 Median
A median is the value of x that falls in the middle when the measurements are
arranged in order from the smallest to the largest.
If the number of measurements, n, is odd, then the median is the value located at the
middle or th position.
61
If the number of measurements, n, is even, then the median is the average of the
middle values located between and + 1.
1.6.4 Mode
The mode is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set.
1.7 Measure of Dispersion Variability
Measures of variability are concerned with describing the variability among the values. We
can view variability in terms of the distance between each dot and the mean. If the distance is
large, the data set is said to be more varied. The three common methods to measure
variability are range, variance and standard deviation.
1.7.1 Range
The range is the difference between the highest and the lowest values included in a
data set.
1.7.2 Variance
The variance is the average of the squares of deviations about their mean, µ.
For a population, the variance is written as:
or
For a sample, the variance is written as:
or
62
1.7.3 Standard Deviation
In general, the units expressed for a variance are in squared values. In order to have a
measure of variability measured in the same units as the observations, the standard
deviation, s, is computed. It is calculated as the square root of the variance. The
standard deviation for a population and a sample are written, respectively, as follows:
Population standard deviation: or
Sample standard deviation: or
1.7.4 The Coefficient of Variation
The coefficient of variation indicates the relative measure of dispersion of the standard
deviation as compared with the mean. The formula is written as:
Population:
Sample:
The coefficient is used to compare the variability of two data sets. The smaller the value
of CV, the more stable (less variation) is the data set.
63
BAHAGIAN 4 PART 4
JADUAL MAIN
UTAMA: TABLES:
BANCI ECONOMIC
EKONOMI CENSUS
2016 2016
Jadual A1: Perangkaan utama mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A1: Principal statistics by sector, state of Melaka, 2015
Sektor Bilangan pertubuhan Nilai output kasar Nilai input Nilai ditambah Bilangan pekerja Gaji dan upah yang Nilai harta tetap yang
Sector Number of Value of gross output perantaraan Value added pada bulan Disember dibayar dimiliki pada akhir
establishments Value of intermediate atau pada tempoh Salaries and wages tahun
input gaji akhir paid Value of fixed assets
Number of persons owned as at the end
engaged during of the year
December or the last
pay period
(RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta)
(RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million)
Pertanian
491 3,055 1,948 1,107 11,771 196 1,639
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1 18 105 55 50 506 10 97

Mining & quarrying
67
Pembuatan
1,539 79,280 67,377 11,903 82,694 2,716 16,641
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
1,457 2,960 1,973 986 21,763 478 431
Construction
Perkhidmatan
28,218 16,275 6,688 9,587 133,743 2,610 12,480
Services
Jumlah
31,723 101,675 78,041 23,635 250,477 6,010 31,288
Total
PKS
31,361 24,628 13,811 10,817 168,573 3,231 12,320
SMEs
1
Data bagi sektor Perlombongan & pengkuarian tidak termasuk subsektor Pengekstrakan petroleum mentah dan gas asli.
Data of Mining & quarrying sector excludes Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas sub-sector.
Jadual A2: Bilangan pertubuhan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A2: Number of establishments, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
Sektor Pertumbuhan tahunan

2010 2015
Sector Annual growth
Bilangan pertubuhan Sumbangan Bilangan pertubuhan Sumbangan

Number of establishments Share Number of establishments Share
(%) (%) (%)
Pertanian
309 1.4 491 1.5 9.7
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1 7 0.0 18 0.1 20.8

Mining & quarrying
68
Pembuatan
1,175 5.3 1,539 4.9 5.5
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
661 3.0 1,457 4.6 17.1
Construction
Perkhidmatan
19,954 90.3 28,218 89.0 7.2
Services
Jumlah
22,106 100.0 31,723 100.0 7.5
Total
1
Jadual A3: Nilai output kasar, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A3: Value of gross output, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Nilai output kasar Sumbangan Nilai output kasar Sumbangan

Value of gross output Share Value of gross output Share
(RM Juta) (%) (RM Juta) (%) (%)

Pertanian
1,983 2.5 3,055 3.0 9.0
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1 5.6

80 0.1 105 0.1
Mining & quarrying
69
Pembuatan
67,184 84.3 79,280 78.0 3.4
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
1,856 2.3 2,960 2.9 9.8
Construction
Perkhidmatan
8,639 10.8 16,275 16.0 13.5
Services
Jumlah
79,741 100.0 101,675 100.0 5.0
Total
1
Jadual A4: Nilai input perantaraan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A4: Value of intermediate input, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Nilai input perantaraan Sumbangan Nilai input perantaraan Sumbangan

Value of intermediate input Share Value of intermediate input Share
(RM Juta) (%) (RM Juta) (%) (%)

Pertanian
1,057 1.6 1,948 2.5 13.0
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1

59 0.1 55 0.1 -1.6
Mining & quarrying
70
Pembuatan
58,696 90.2 67,377 86.3 2.8
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
1,274 2.0 1,973 2.5 9.1
Construction
Perkhidmatan
3,992 6.1 6,688 8.6 10.9
Services
Jumlah
65,078 100.0 78,041 100.0 3.7
Total
1
Jadual A5: Nilai ditambah, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A5: Value added, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Nilai ditambah Sumbangan Nilai ditambah Sumbangan

Value added Share Value added Share
(RM Juta) (%) (RM Juta) (%) (%)

Pertanian
926 6.3 1,107 4.7 3.6
Agriculture

20 0.1 50 0.2 19.8
Mining & quarrying
71
Pembuatan
8,488 57.9 11,903 50.4 7.0
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
582 4.0 986 4.2 11.1
Construction
Perkhidmatan
4,647 31.7 9,587 40.6 15.6
Services
Jumlah
14,662 100.0 23,635 100.0 10.0
Total
1
Jadual A6: Bilangan pekerja, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A6: Number of persons engaged, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Jumlah pekerja Sumbangan Jumlah pekerja Sumbangan

Total number of persons Share Total number of persons Share
engaged engaged
(%) (%) (%)
Pertanian
7,783 4.1 11,771 4.7 8.6
Agriculture

263 0.1 506 0.2 14.0
72
Mining & quarrying
Pembuatan
69,323 36.2 82,694 33.0 3.6
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
17,139 8.9 21,763 8.7 4.9
Construction
Perkhidmatan
97,063 50.7 133,743 53.4 6.6
Services
Jumlah
191,571 100.0 250,477 100.0 5.5
Total
1
Jadual A7: Gaji dan upah yang dibayar, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A7: Salaries and wages paid, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Gaji dan upah yang Sumbangan Gaji dan upah yang Sumbangan
dibayar Share dibayar Share
Salaries and wages paid Salaries and wages paid
(RM Juta) (%) (RM Juta) (%) (%)

Pertanian
109 3.1 196 3.3 12.5
Agriculture

5 0.1 10 0.2 15.2
Mining & quarrying
73
Pembuatan
1,647 47.6 2,716 45.2 10.5
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
317 9.2 478 7.9 8.5
Construction
Perkhidmatan
1,381 39.9 2,610 43.4 13.6
Services
Jumlah
3,459 100.0 6,010 100.0 11.7
Total
1
Jadual A8: Nilai harta tetap, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A8: Value of fixed assets, share and annual growth by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015

2010 2015
Nilai harta tetap Sumbangan Nilai harta tetap Sumbangan

Value of fixed assets Share Value of fixed assets Share
(RM Juta) (%) (RM Juta) (%) (%)

Pertanian
1,144 5.7 1,639 5.2 7.4
Agriculture

20 0.1 97 0.3 36.9
Mining & quarrying
74
Pembuatan
14,021 69.5 16,641 53.2 3.5
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
246 1.2 431 1.4 11.8
Construction
Perkhidmatan
4,736 23.5 12,480 39.9 21.4
Services
Jumlah
20,167 100.0 31,288 100.0 9.2
Total
1
Jadual A9: Perangkaan utama mengikut subsektor, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A9: Principal statistics by sub-sector, state of Melaka, 2015
Subsektor Bilangan Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Bilangan Gaji dan upah Nilai harta
Sub-sector pertubuhan kasar perantaraan Value added pekerja yang dibayar tetap yang
Number of Value of Value of pada bulan Salaries and dimiliki pada
establishments gross output intermediate Disember wages paid akhir tahun
input atau pada Value of fixed
tempoh gaji assets owned
akhir as at the end
Number of of the year
persons
engaged during
December or
the last pay
period
A. Pertanian
491 3,055 1,948 1,107 11,771 196 1,639
Agriculture
1. Tanaman
352 1,058 312 746 8,168 124 1,188
Crops
2. Ternakan
111 1,977 1,627 350 3,371 68 443
75
Livestock
3. Perhutanan dan pembalakan
5 6 2 5 123 2 1
Forestry and logging
4. Perikanan
23 13 7 6 109 1 6
Fisheries
B. Perlombongan & pengkuarian1
18 105 55 50 506 10 97
Mining & quarrying
1. Perlombongan dan pengkuarian
18 105 55 50 506 10 97
Mining and quarrying
2. Aktiviti perkhidmatan sokongan perlombongan
- - - - - - -
Mining support service activities
C. Pembuatan
1,539 79,280 67,377 11,903 82,694 2,716 16,641
Manufacturing
1. Pembuatan produk makanan
294 4,089 3,414 676 9,372 221 951
Manufacture of food products
2. Pembuatan minuman
20 13 8 6 209 3 9
Manufacture of beverages
3. Pembuatan produk tembakau
- - - - - - -
Manufacture of tobacco products
4. Pembuatan tekstil
31 3,506 2,722 783 4,448 101 732
Manufacture of textiles
5. Pembuatan pakaian
258 157 99 58 1,691 39 70
Manufacture of wearing apparel
6. Pembuatan produk kulit dan barangan berkaitan
14 102 68 34 794 16 34
Manufacture of leather and related products
Jadual A9: Perangkaan utama mengikut subsektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 (samb.)
Table A9: Principal statistics by sub-sector, state of Melaka, 2015 (cont.'d)
akhir as at the end
persons
engaged during
December or
the last pay
period
7. Pembuatan kayu dan produk kayu dan gabus, kecuali perabot; pembuatan
bagi artikel jerami dan bahan-bahan anyaman
41 121 91 30 767 16 38
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture;
manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials
8. Pembuatan kertas dan produk kertas
56 1,129 883 246 3,634 91 458
76
Manufacture of paper and paper products

9. Percetakan dan penerbitan semula media rakaman
85 295 215 81 1,366 31 105
Printing and reproduction of recorded media
10. Pembuatan kok dan produk petroleum bertapis
4 36,229 32,989 3,239 1,475 205 6,526
Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
11. Pembuatan kimia dan produk kimia
31 510 420 91 1,038 27 126
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
12. Pembuatan produk farmaseutikal asas, kimia perubatan dan botani
9 261 158 103 1,156 54 222
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations
13. Pembuatan produk getah dan plastik
76 2,030 1,486 543 7,338 209 620
Manufacture of rubber and plastics products
14. Pembuatan produk galian bukan logam lain
59 708 528 179 2,209 81 231
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
15. Pembuatan logam khas
59 1,531 1,293 238 2,749 92 444
Manufacture of basic metals
16. Pembuatan produk logam kecuali mesin dan kelengkapan
148 1,102 786 316 3,103 77 175
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
17. Pembuatan komputer, produk elektronik dan optikal
45 14,811 11,910 2,902 24,701 931 3,968
Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products
18. Pembuatan kelengkapan elektrik
30 758 651 107 1,524 48 141
Manufacture of electrical equipment
19. Pembuatan jentera dan peralatan t.t.t.l
58 1,184 942 243 3,032 108 480
Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.
20. Pembuatan kenderaan bermotor, treler dan semi treler
25 9,169 7,535 1,634 4,893 181 822
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
akhir as at the end
persons
engaged during
December or
the last pay
period
21. Pembuatan kelengkapan pengangkutan lain
9 922 725 197 3,123 97 242
Manufacture of other transport equipment
22. Pembuatan perabot
78 285 213 72 2,134 38 141
Manufacture of furniture
23. Pembuatan lain
38 240 154 86 1,232 26 58
Other manufacturing
77
24. Pembaikan dan pemasangan mesin dan kelengkapan

71 127 87 40 706 22 49
Repair and installation of machinery and equipment
D. Pembinaan
1,457 2,960 1,973 986 21,763 478 431
Construction
1. Bangunan kediaman
414 1,053 718 335 6,910 142 111
Residential buildings
2. Bangunan bukan kediaman
212 505 329 175 3,739 85 107
Non residential buildings
3. Kejuruteraan awam
338 523 339 184 4,570 104 84
Civil engineering
4. Aktiviti pembinaan pertukangan khas
493 879 588 291 6,544 146 129
Specialized construction activities
E. Perkhidmatan
28,218 16,275 6,688 9,587 133,743 2,610 12,480
Services
1. Bekalan elektrik, gas, wap dan pendingin udara
6 1,682 747 935 461 35 4,024
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
2. Bekalan air, pembentungan, pengurusan sisa dan aktiviti pemulihan
42 526 306 221 2,926 50 525
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
3. Perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan
motosikal 13,952 6,462 2,220 4,242 57,616 1,166 2,191
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
4. Pengangkutan dan penyimpanan
1,286 821 465 356 5,855 131 392
Transportation and storage
akhir as at the end
persons
engaged during
December or
the last pay
period
5. Aktiviti perkhidmatan penginapan
264 485 254 231 5,846 114 1,244
Accommodation service activities
6. Aktiviti perkhidmatan makanan dan minuman
7,298 1,755 938 817 29,806 202 317
Food and beverage service activities
7. Maklumat dan komunikasi
87 121 62 59 530 10 56
Information and communication
78
8. Aktiviti kewangan dan insurans/takaful

486 1,308 456 852 3,616 197 932
Financial and insurance/takaful activities
9. Aktiviti hartanah
476 255 74 181 1,429 47 436
Real estate activities
10. Aktiviti profesional, saintifik dan teknikal
833 426 112 314 5,591 127 102
Professional, scientific and technical activities
11. Aktiviti pentadbiran dan perkhidmatan sokongan
728 360 182 178 3,953 64 109
Administrative and support service activities
12. Pendidikan
456 666 184 483 4,866 223 1,244
Education
13. Aktiviti kesihatan kemanusiaan dan kerja sosial
575 777 379 398 5,252 159 356
Human health and social work activities
14. Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi
304 446 219 227 2,567 47 446
Arts, entertainment and recreation
15. Aktiviti perkhidmatan lain
1,425 187 91 96 3,429 38 106
Other service activities
Jumlah
31,723 101,675 78,041 23,635 250,477 6,010 31,288
Total
1
Jadual A10: Bilangan pekerja mengikut jantina dan sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A10: Number of persons engaged by sex and sector, state of Melaka, 2010 and 2015
Sektor 2010 2015

Sector
Bilangan pekerja pada bulan Disember atau pada tempoh gaji akhir Bilangan pekerja pada bulan Disember atau pada tempoh gaji akhir
Number of persons engaged during December or the last day period Number of persons engaged during December or the last day period
Lelaki Perempuan Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan Jumlah

Male Female Total Male Female Total
Pertanian
6,707 1,076 7,783 9,829 1,942 11,771
Agriculture

79
234 29 263 416 90 506

Mining & quarrying
Pembuatan
42,887 26,436 69,323 52,317 30,377 82,694
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
15,685 1,454 17,139 19,103 2,660 21,763
Construction
Perkhidmatan*
55,315 41,748 97,063 77,951 55,792 133,743
Services
Jumlah
120,828 70,743 191,571 159,616 90,861 250,477
Total
1
Jadual A11: Bilangan pekerja mengikut pendidikan dan sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A11: Number of persons engaged by education and sector, state of Melaka, 2015
Sektor Kelulusan
Sector Qualification
Pascasiswazah Ijazah sarjana Diploma STPM atau yang Sijil SPM / SPM(V) atau Di bawah taraf Jumlah
Postgraduate muda / Diploma Diploma setaraf Certificate yang setaraf kelulusan SPM / Total
lanjutan atau STPM or SPM/SPM (V) or SPM(V)
setaraf Equivalent Equivalent Below SPM/SPM
Bachelor / (V) qualification
Advances Diploma
or equivalent
Pertanian
2 424 706 338 800 7,403 2,098 11,771
Agriculture

- 31 58 15 98 54 250 506
Mining & quarrying
80
Pembuatan
753 8,135 9,115 1,964 6,708 36,698 19,321 82,694
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
78 1,477 2,347 854 3,985 7,647 5,375 21,763
Construction
Perkhidmatan
1,795 10,980 16,008 4,933 6,366 67,513 26,148 133,743
Services
Jumlah
2,628 21,047 28,234 8,104 17,957 119,315 53,192 250,477
Total
1
Jadual A12: Perangkaan utama pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Table A12: Principal statistics of women-owned establishments by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 dan 2015
Sektor 2010
Sector
Bilangan pertubuhan Nilai output kasar Nilai input perantaraan Nilai ditambah Bilangan pekerja pada Gaji dan upah yang
Number of Value of gross output Value of intermediate Value added bulan Disember atau dibayar
establishments input pada tempoh gaji akhir Salaries and wages paid
Number of persons
engaged during
December or the last pay
period
(RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta)

(RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million)
Pertanian
5 42 12 30 335 3
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1 - - - - - -

Mining & quarrying
81
Pembuatan
223 46 30 17 685 6
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
46 98 67 32 917 16
Construction
Perkhidmatan
4,153 695 288 407 15,026 107
Services
Jumlah
4,427 882 396 485 16,963 132
Total
Jadual A12: Perangkaan utama pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2010 dan 2015 (samb.)
Table A12: Principal statistics of women-owned establishments by sector, state of Melaka, 2010 dan 2015 (cont'd)
Sektor 2015
Sector
Bilangan pertubuhan Nilai output kasar Nilai input perantaraan Nilai ditambah Bilangan pekerja pada Gaji dan upah yang
Number of Value of gross output Value of intermediate Value added bulan Disember atau dibayar
establishments input pada tempoh gaji akhir Salaries and wages paid
Number of persons
engaged during
December or the last pay
period
(RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta) (RM Juta)

(RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million) (RM Million)
Pertanian
81 545 130 414 2,250 38
Agriculture
Perlombongan & pengkuarian1 - - - - - -

Mining & quarrying
82
Pembuatan
328 179 130 50 1,385 21
Manufacturing
Pembinaan
91 104 65 38 960 19
Construction
Perkhidmatan
6,146 1,358 550 808 22,165 252
Services
Jumlah
6,646 2,186 876 1,310 26,760 331
Total
1
Jadual A13: Bilangan pertubuhan dan jenis perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A13: Number of establishments and type of environmental protection expenditure, state of Melaka, 2015
Jenis perbelanjaan Bilangan pertubuhan Perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar

Type of expenditure yang mempunyai Environmental protection expenditure
perbelanjaan
perlindungan Jumlah Perbelanjaan bagi Perbelanjaan Perbelanjaan Perbelanjaan Perbelanjaan
alam sekitar Total aktiviti perlindungan pengurusan sisa penilaian & audit perlindungan & lain untuk
Number of alam sekitar Waste management alam sekitar dan caj pemuliharaan perlindungan
establishments Environmental expenditure alam sekitar hidupan liar & habitat alam sekitar
with environmental protection activities Environmental Protection & Other environmental
protection expenditure assessment & audits conservation of wildlife protection
and environmental & habitat expenditure expenditure
charges expenditure
(RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000)
Perbelanjaan perlindungan
alam sekitar
245 85,454 54,615 22,821 5,229 - 2,789
E nvironmental protection
expenditure
83
Perbelanjaan modal
perlindungan alam sekitar
245 29,862 25,624 2,001 1,251 - 986
Capital expenditure on
environmental protection
Perbelanjaan operasi
perlindungan alam sekitar
245 55,592 28,991 20,820 3,978 - 1,803
Operating expenditure on
environmental protection
Jadual A14: Bilangan pertubuhan dan pecahan perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A14: Number of establishments and share of environmental protection expenditure, state of Melaka, 2015
Pertubuhan yang mempunyai

perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar Perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar
Establishments with environmental Environmental protection expenditure
protection expenditure
Bilangan Peratus Jumlah Perbelanjaan modal Perbelanjaan operasi

Number Per cent Total Capital expenditure Operating expenditure
(RM'000) (RM'000) (%) (RM'000) (%)
245 2.6 85,454 29,862 34.9 55,592 65.1
Jadual A15: Bilangan pertubuhan yang mempunyai pensijilan alam sekitar, negeri Melaka, 2015
84
Table A15: Number of establishments with environmental certification, state of Melaka, 2015
Pertubuhan yang mempunyai pensijilan alam sekitar

Establishments with environmental certification
Bilangan pertubuhan yang Jumlah ISO 14001 sahaja Lain-lain sijil ISO 14001
mempunyai perbelanjaan Total ISO 14001 only antarabangsa dan lain-lain sijil
perlindungan Other international antarabangsa
alam sekitar certification ISO 14001
Number of establishments and other
with environmental international
protection certification
245 49 45 4 -
Jadual A16: Pendapatan & perbelanjaan e-Dagang dan penggunaan komputer, internet dan web presence di dalam perniagaan, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table A16: Income & expenditure of e-Commerce and usage of computer, internet and web presence in business, state of Melaka, 2015
Negeri e-Dagang Penggunaan dalam perniagaan

State e-Commerce Usage in business
Bilangan pertubuhan Pendapatan Perbelanjaan Penggunaan Penggunaan internet Penggunaan web
yang menjalankan Income Expenditure komputer di dalam di dalam perniagaan presence di dalam
transaksi e-Dagang perniagaan Internet usage in perniagaan
Number of ICT usage in business business Web presence usage
establishment in business
involved in
e-Commerce
transaction
(RM juta) (RM juta)
(RM million) (RM million) (%) (%) (%)
Melaka 3,038 25,881 19,450 73.6 64.8 35.9

85
PKS
2,892 2,146 826 73.3 59.2 24.3
SMEs
BAHAGIAN 4 PART 4
JADUAL TABLES OF
BANCI DAN OTHER
PENYIASATAN CENSUS
LAIN AND
SURVEYS
B1. KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR
B1. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
Jadual B1.1: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) dan KDNK per kapita pada harga semasa, negeri Melaka, (2010-2016)
Table B1.1: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP per capita at current price, state of Melaka, (2010-2016)
Tahun KDNK harga semasa KDNK per kapita pada harga semasa
Year GDP at current prices GDP per capita at current price
(RM Juta) (RM)

(RM Million)
2010 24,187 29,366

89
2011 27,014 32,421
2012 29,483 34,965
2013 30,582 35,699
2014 33,698 38,659
e
2015 35,425 39,848
2016p 37,274 41,363
Data tidak termasuk Supra / Data does not include Supra Sumber : Akaun Negara KDNK Negeri, 2010-2016
e
anggaran / estimation Source : National Accounts GDP by State, 2010-2016
p
permulaan / preliminary
B1. KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR
B1. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
Jadual B1.2: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada harga malar, negeri Melaka, (2010-2016)
Table B1.2: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at constant price, state of Melaka, (2010-2016)
Tahun KDNK harga malar Perubahan peratusan tahunan Peratus sumbangan kepada KDNK Malaysia
Year GDP at constant prices Annual percentage change Percentage change to Malaysia's GDP
(%) (%)
(RM Juta)
(RM Million)
2010 24,187 2.9

90
2011 25,487 5.4 2.9
2012 27,276 7.0 3.0
2013 27,933 2.4 2.9
2014 30,073 7.7 3.0
e
2015 31,712 5.5 3.0
2016p 33,155 4.5 3.0
S
Data tidak termasuk Supra / Data does not include Supra Sumber : Akaun Negara KDNK Negeri, 2010-2016
e u
anggaran / estimation Source : National Accounts GDP by State, 2010-2016
p
permulaan / preliminary
B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.1: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.1: Labour force participation rate by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Jumlah Bandar Luar bandar

Total Urban Rural
Negeri Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan
State Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
Melaka 65.4 76.6 54.0 65.2 76.3 53.9 68.8 81.3 54.9
Jadual B2.2: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.2: Labour force participation rate by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
Negeri / Jantina Jumlah
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
State / Sex Total
91
Melaka 65.4 19.0 59.7 81.7 87.1 86.1 82.0 78.2 74.5 56.0 31.4
Lelaki/Male 76.6 23.9 65.7 92.1 98.8 98.4 96.9 97.2 91.0 74.4 44.9
Perempuan/Female 54.0 13.5 53.4 70.4 75.2 73.5 67.2 61.8 57.9 38.8 18.7
Jadual B2.3: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Jadual B2.3: Labour force participation rate by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
Strata Jumlah
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
Strata Total
Bandar/Urban 65.2 18.7 59.1 81.2 86.8 86.1 82.2 78.3 74.9 56.2 30.6
Luar bandar/Rural 68.8 23.5 70.1 89.5 90.8 86.1 79.8 75.5 69.8 53.2 41.0
Sumber : Laporan Penyiasatan Tenaga Buruh, Malaysia, 2016

Source : Labour Force Survey Report, Malaysia, 2016
B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.4: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian pendidikan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Jadual B2.4: Labour force participation rate by educational attainment, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Pencapaian pendidikan

State / Sex / Strata Educational attainment
Jumlah Tiada pendidikan rasmi Rendah Menengah Tertiari

Total No formal education Primary Secondary Tertiary
Melaka 65.4 46.6 58.2 69.1 61.6

92
Lelaki/Male 76.6 69.2 82.6 81.5 65.1
Perempuan/Female 54.0 35.6 37.3 55.2 58.4
Bandar/Urban 65.2 44.6 57.6 69.0 61.3
Luar bandar/Rural 68.8 61.2 65.3 70.1 68.0

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.5: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut sijil tertinggi diperoleh, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.5: Labour force participation rate by highest certificate obtained, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Jumlah UPSR/UPSRA PT3/PMR/SRP/ SPM atau yang STPM atau Sijil Diploma Ijazah Tiada sijil Tidak
State / Sex / Strata Total atau yang LCE/SRA atau setaraf yang setaraf Certificate Diploma Degree No certificate berkenaan
setaraf yang setaraf SPM or STPM or Not applicable
UPSR/UPSRA PT3/PMR/SRP/ equivalent equivalent
or equivalent LCE/SRA or
equivalent
Melaka 65.4 54.4 51.4 69.4 38.0 87.7 76.0 87.5 58.9 46.6
93
Lelaki/Male 76.6 72.7 64.2 80.7 39.1 94.1 82.9 91.8 88.6 69.2
Perempuan/Female 54.0 35.8 35.4 57.5 37.1 75.7 70.5 84.1 33.8 35.6
Bandar/Urban 65.2 54.2 50.6 69.3 37.2 87.8 75.7 87.3 58.4 44.6
Luar bandar/Rural 68.8 57.3 61.9 70.5 54.7 86.7 83.0 92.2 63.4 61.3

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.6: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut taraf perkahwinan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.6: Labour force participation rate by marital status, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Jumlah Tidak pernah berkahwin Berkahwin Balu/duda Bercerai/berpisah tetap
State / Sex / Strata Total Never married Married Widowed Divorced/permanently
separated
Melaka 65.4 54.7 74.0 48.1 81.1
Lelaki/Male 76.6 60.6 90.8 64.5 88.8

94
Bandar/Urban 65.2 53.9 74.1 47.8 82.3

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.7: Tenaga buruh mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.7: Labour force by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)

Total Urban Rural
Melaka 400.8 236.7 164.1 375.1 220.8 154.3 25.7 16.0 9.8
Jadual B2.8: Tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.8: Labour force by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
State / Sex Total
95
Melaka 400.8 15.6 60.3 67.8 61.1 47.3 39.5 39.6 36.1 23.2 10.3
Lelaki/Male 236.7 10.3 34.0 39.9 35.0 27.4 23.3 22.7 22.1 14.9 7.2
Jadual B2.9: Tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.9: Labour force by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
Strata Jumlah
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
Strata Total
Bandar/Urban 375.1 14.5 56.6 63.2 57.1 44.4 37.4 37.3 33.8 21.7 9.2

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.10: Tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian pendidikan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.10: Labour force by educational attainment, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Pencapaian pendidikan

State / Sex / Strata Educational attainment
Jumlah Tiada pendidikan rasmi Rendah Menengah Tertiari

Total No formal education Primary Secondary Tertiary
Melaka 400.8 3.6 35.0 245.2 117.0
Lelaki/Male 236.7 1.8 22.9 152.9 59.2

96
Bandar/Urban 375.1 3.1 32.1 229.0 110.9

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.11: Tenaga buruh mengikut sijil tertinggi diperoleh, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.11: Labour force by highest certificate obtained, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Jumlah UPSR/UPSRA PT3/PMR/SRP/ SPM atau yang STPM atau Sijil Diploma Ijazah Tiada sijil Tidak
State / Sex / Strata Total atau yang LCE/SRA atau setaraf yang setaraf Certificate Diploma Degree No certificate berkenaan
setaraf yang setaraf SPM or STPM or Not applicable
UPSR/UPSRA PT3/PMR/SRP/ equivalent equivalent
or equivalent LCE/SRA or
equivalent
Melaka 400.8 35.9 54.3 180.6 10.2 15.9 47.6 43.1 9.6 3.6
97
Lelaki/Male 236.7 24.3 37.8 107.3 4.7 11.2 23.0 20.2 6.6 1.8
Bandar/Urban 375.1 33.5 49.2 170.1 9.5 15.1 45.1 41.0 8.5 3.1

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.12: Tenaga buruh mengikut taraf perkahwinan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.12: Labour force by marital status, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Jumlah Tidak pernah berkahwin Berkahwin Balu/duda Bercerai/berpisah tetap
State / Sex / Strata Total Never married Married Widowed Divorced/permanently
separated
Melaka 400.8 137.4 246.4 8.9 8.1
Lelaki/Male 236.7 85.9 146.2 2.1 2.6

98
Bandar/Urban 375.1 127.1 232.0 8.2 7.7

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.13: Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.13: Employment to population ratio by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)

Total Urban Rural
Melaka 64.8 76.1 53.4 64.6 75.7 53.3 68.6 81.1 54.9
Jadual B2.14: Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.14: Employment to population ratio by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
99
State / Sex Total
Melaka 64.8 18.1 58.3 80.5 86.9 85.9 81.9 77.9 74.5 56.0 31.4
Lelaki/Male 76.1 23.0 64.8 91.0 98.5 98.0 96.7 96.7 91.0 74.4 44.9
Jadual B2.15: Nisbah guna tenaga kepada penduduk mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.15: Employment to population ratio by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
Strata Jumlah
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
Strata Total
Bandar/Urban 64.6 17.8 57.7 79.9 86.7 85.9 82.1 78.1 74.8 56.2 30.6

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.16: Penduduk bekerja mengikut strata dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.16: Employed persons by strata and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)

Total Urban Rural
Melaka 397.3 235.0 162.3 371.6 219.1 152.6 25.7 15.9 9.7
Jadual B2.17: Penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan umur dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.17: Employed persons by age group and sex, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
100
State / Sex Total
Melaka 397.3 14.8 59.0 66.8 61.0 47.1 39.4 39.4 36.1 23.2 10.3
Lelaki/Male 235.0 9.8 33.5 39.5 34.8 27.3 23.3 22.6 22.1 14.9 7.2
Jadual B2.18: Penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan umur dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.18: Employed persons by age group and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Kumpulan Umur
Age Group
Strata Jumlah
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64
Strata Total
Bandar/Urban 371.6 13.8 55.2 62.1 57.0 44.3 37.3 37.2 33.8 21.7 9.2

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.19: Penduduk bekerja mengikut pekerjaan, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.19: Employed persons by occupation, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Jumlah Pengurus Profesional Juruteknik dan Pekerja Pekerja Pekerja mahir Pekerja Operator mesin Pekerja asas
State / Sex / Strata Total Managers Professionals profesional sokongan perkhidmatan pertanian, kemahiran dan dan loji; dan Elementary
bersekutu perkeranian dan jualan perhutanan, pekerja pemasang occupations
Technicians Clerical support Service and penternakan, pertukangan Plant and
and associate workers sales workers dan perikanan yang berkaitan machine
professionals Skilled Craft and operators; and
agricultural, related trades assemblers
forestry, workers
livestock and
fishery workers
101
Melaka 397.3 13.7 47.6 47.9 36.6 103.7 10.3 41.3 59.0 37.4
Lelaki/Male 235.0 10.8 19.9 31.7 9.2 53.3 8.3 35.0 41.3 25.6
Bandar/Urban 371.6 13.2 45.0 45.8 35.0 97.9 8.5 38.9 55.8 31.5

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.20: Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B2.20: Employed persons by industry, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata 1 Pertanian, Perlombongan & Pembuatan Bekalan elektrik, Bekalan air; Pembinaan Perdagangan
Jumlah
State / Sex / Strata Total perhutanan dan pengkuarian Manufacturing gas, wap dan pembentungan, Construction borong dan runcit;
perikanan Mining & quarrying pendingin udara pengurusan sisa pembaikan
Agriculture, forestry Electricity, gas, dan aktiviti kenderaan
and fishing steam and air pemulihan bermotor dan
conditioning supply Water supply; motosikal
sewerage, waste Wholesale and
management and retail trade; repair of
remediation motor vehicles and
activities motorcycles
Melaka 397.3 18.2 2.9 93.8 1.9 3.2 27.6 65.4

102
Lelaki/Male 235.0 14.6 2.9 56.3 1.6 2.8 25.0 38.8
Perempuan/Female 162.3 3.5 0.0 37.5 0.2 0.5 2.7 26.6
Bandar/Urban 371.6 13.5 2.8 90.0 1.7 3.1 25.7 62.5
Luar bandar/Rural 25.7 4.6 0.1 3.8 0.1 0.1 1.9 2.9
B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.20: Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 (samb.)
Table B2.20: Employed persons by industry, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016 (cont'd)
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Pengangkutan dan Penginapan dan Maklumat dan Aktiviti kewangan Aktiviti hartanah Aktiviti profesional, Aktiviti Pentadbiran awam
State / Sex / Strata penyimpanan aktiviti komunikasi dan Real estate saintifik dan pentadbiran dan dan
Transportation and perkhidmatan Information and insurans/takaful activities teknikal khidmat sokongan pertahanan; aktiviti
storage makanan dan communication Financial and Professional, Professional, keselamatan sosial
minuman insurance/takaful scientific and scientific and wajib
Accommodation activities technical activities technical activities Public
and administration
food and beverage and defence;
service activities compulsory
social security
activites
Melaka 9.7 44.4 3.5 7.9 0.9 7.9 21.7 24.3

103
Lelaki/Male 8.6 23.3 2.3 3.2 0.5 3.8 15.4 17.1
Perempuan/Female 1.1 21.1 1.2 4.7 0.4 4.1 6.3 7.2
Bandar/Urban 9.1 41.3 3.3 7.7 0.9 7.3 18.7 23.1
Luar bandar/Rural 0.5 3.0 0.1 0.2 . 0.6 3.0 1.1

B2. TENAGA BURUH
B2. LABOUR FORCE
Jadual B2.20: Penduduk bekerja mengikut industri, jantina dan strata, negeri Melaka, 2016 (samb.)
Table B2.20: Employed persons by industry, sex and strata, state of Melaka, 2016 (cont'd)
('000)
Negeri / Jantina / Strata Pendidikan Aktiviti kesihatan kemanusian Kesenian, hiburan dan rekreasi Aktiviti perkhidmatan lain Aktiviti isi rumah sebagai
State / Sex / Strata Education dan kerja sosial Arts, entertainment and Other service activities majikan
Human health and social recreation Activities of households as
network activities employers
Melaka 31.2 22.4 1.9 5.2 3.5

104
Lelaki/Male 10.5 4.3 0.9 2.9 0.1
Bandar/Urban 29.3 21.3 1.8 4.9 3.4
Luar bandar/Rural 1.9 1.1 0.2 0.3 .
Nota / Notes : Sumber : Laporan Penyiasatan Tenaga Buruh, Malaysia, 2016

1
Jumlah termasuk 'Aktiviti badan dan pertubuhan luar wilayah' Source : Labour Force Survey Report, Malaysia, 2016
1
Total includes 'Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies'
B3. PENDUDUK
B3. POPULATION
Jadual B3.1: Anggaran penduduk pertengahan tahun mengikut kumpulan umur, kumpulan etnik dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2017 e
Table B3.1: Mid-year population estimates by age group, ethnic group and sex, state of Melaka, 2017 e
('000)
Jumlah warganegara Malaysia

Total Malaysian citizens
Jantina / Kumpulan umur Jumlah Jumlah Bumiputera Cina India Lain-lain Bukan warganegara
Sex / Age group Total warganegara Bumiputera Chinese Indian Others Malaysia
Malaysia Non-Malaysian
Total Malaysian citizen s
citizens
Jumlah
914.7 865.9 593.3 217.0 50.9 4.7 48.8
Total
0-4 72.2 71.3 56.4 11.1 3.2 0.6 0.9

5-9 68.1 67.6 50.2 12.7 3.9 0.8 0.6
105
10 - 14 71.6 71.2 51.8 14.5 4.0 0.8 0.4

15 - 19 77.7 73.9 52.7 16.3 4.2 0.7 3.8
20 - 24 101.4 89.7 65.3 19.5 4.7 0.3 11.7
25 - 29 95.3 83.5 60.3 17.9 5.1 0.3 11.8
30 - 34 73.8 67.3 47.8 15.2 4.1 0.2 6.5
35 - 39 58.1 53.8 36.8 13.2 3.6 0.1 4.4
40 - 44 48.1 45.4 29.7 12.6 3.0 0.1 2.7
45 - 49 49.3 47.7 30.8 13.7 3.1 0.1 1.6
50 - 54 49.3 47.9 29.3 15.5 2.9 0.1 1.3
55 - 59 43.7 42.7 24.9 14.7 3.0 0.1 1.0
60 - 64 34.7 34.0 19.4 12.2 2.3 0.1 0.7
65 - 69 28.1 27.7 15.4 10.6 1.6 0.1 0.4
70 - 74 18.9 18.6 10.0 7.5 1.1 0.1 0.2
75 - 79 12.2 12.0 6.3 5.1 0.6 0.0 0.2
80 - 84 6.5 6.3 3.0 2.9 0.3 0.0 0.2
85+ 5.6 5.4 3.2 1.8 0.4 0.0 0.2
B3. PENDUDUK
B3. POPULATION
Jadual B3.1: Anggaran penduduk pertengahan tahun mengikut kumpulan umur, kumpulan etnik dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2017 e (samb.)
Table B3.1: Mid-year population estimates by age group, ethnic group and sex, state of Melaka, 2017 e (cont.'d)
('000)

citizens
Lelaki
460.3 428.1 289.8 110.0 26.0 2.4 32.1
Male
0-4 37.3 36.8 29.0 5.8 1.7 0.3 0.5

5-9 34.1 33.8 24.8 6.6 1.9 0.4 0.3
106
10 - 14 36.4 36.2 26.0 7.6 2.1 0.4 0.2

15 - 19 40.9 38.3 27.0 8.5 2.5 0.4 2.6
20 - 24 52.2 44.5 31.4 10.2 2.7 0.2 7.7
25 - 29 49.7 41.4 29.1 9.4 2.7 0.2 8.3
30 - 34 37.3 32.7 22.9 7.8 2.0 0.1 4.6
35 - 39 29.5 26.7 18.0 6.7 1.9 0.1 2.8
40 - 44 24.2 22.6 14.9 6.2 1.6 0.0 1.6
45 - 49 23.1 22.1 14.4 6.3 1.4 0.1 0.9
50 - 54 23.9 23.0 13.9 7.8 1.2 0.1 0.9
55 - 59 21.6 21.0 12.1 7.3 1.5 0.1 0.6
60 - 64 16.8 16.4 9.2 6.1 1.1 0.1 0.4
65 - 69 13.1 12.9 7.0 5.1 0.8 0.0 0.2
70 - 74 8.8 8.6 4.5 3.6 0.5 0.0 0.1
75 - 79 5.8 5.7 2.8 2.7 0.2 0.0 0.1
80 - 84 3.0 2.9 1.4 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1
85+ 2.6 2.5 1.4 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1
B3. PENDUDUK
B3. POPULATION
Jadual B3.1: Anggaran penduduk pertengahan tahun mengikut kumpulan umur, kumpulan etnik dan jantina, negeri Melaka, 2017 e (samb.)
Table B3.1: Mid-year population estimates by age group, ethnic group and sex, state of Melaka, 2017 e (cont.'d)
('000)

citizens
Perempuan
454.4 437.8 303.6 107.0 24.9 2.3 16.6
Female
0-4 34.9 34.5 27.4 5.3 1.5 0.3 0.4

5-9 34.0 33.7 25.4 6.0 1.9 0.4 0.3
107
10 - 14 35.2 35.0 25.8 6.9 1.8 0.4 0.2

15 - 19 36.8 35.6 25.8 7.8 1.7 0.3 1.2
20 - 24 49.2 45.2 33.9 9.3 1.9 0.1 4.0
25 - 29 45.7 42.1 31.2 8.4 2.4 0.1 3.6
30 - 34 36.5 34.6 25.0 7.5 2.0 0.1 1.9
35 - 39 28.7 27.1 18.8 6.4 1.8 0.1 1.6
40 - 44 23.9 22.8 14.9 6.4 1.4 0.1 1.1
45 - 49 26.3 25.5 16.4 7.4 1.7 0.1 0.7
50 - 54 25.4 24.9 15.5 7.7 1.7 0.1 0.5
55 - 59 22.1 21.7 12.8 7.4 1.5 0.1 0.4
60 - 64 17.9 17.6 10.2 6.1 1.3 0.1 0.3
65 - 69 15.0 14.8 8.4 5.5 0.8 0.0 0.2
70 - 74 10.1 10.0 5.5 3.9 0.6 0.0 0.1
75 - 79 6.4 6.3 3.5 2.4 0.4 0.0 0.1
80 - 84 3.4 3.4 1.6 1.5 0.2 0.0 0.1
85+ 3.0 2.9 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1
Nota /Note : Sumber: Anggaran Penduduk Semasa, Malaysia, 2017

e
Anggaran penduduk pertengahan tahun berasaskan data Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan Malaysia 2010 yang disesuaikan Source : Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2017
Mid-year population estimates based on the adjusted Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2010
B4. PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH
B4. HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Jadual B4.1: Pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan penengah dan purata bagi kumpulan isi rumah mengikut pendapatan, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B4.1: Median and mean monthly household gross income of household group by income, state of Melaka, 2016
RM
Penengah Purata
Median Mean
Negeri Terendah 40% Pertengahan 40% Tertinggi 20% Terendah 40% Pertengahan 40% Tertinggi 20%
State Bottom 40% Middle 40% Top 20% Bottom 40% Middle 40% Top 20%
Malaysia 3,000 6,275 13,148 2,848 6,502 16,088
Melaka 3,458 6,572 12,077 3,328 6,723 14,149
Jadual B4.2: Peratusan isi rumah mengikut kumpulan isi rumah, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B4.2: Percentage of household by household group, state of Melaka, 2016
(%)
Negeri Terendah 40% Pertengahan 40% Tertinggi 20%

State Bottom 40% Middle 40% Top 20%
Malaysia 100.0 100.0 100.0
Melaka 2.7 3.5 3.0
108
Jadual B4.3: Agihan pendapatan mengikut kumpulan isi rumah, negeri Melaka, 2016
Table B4.3: Income share by household group, state of Melaka,2016
(%)
Negeri Jumlah Terendah 40% Pertengahan 40% Tertinggi 20%

State Total Bottom 40% Middle 40% Top 20%
Malaysia 100.0 16.4 37.4 46.2
Melaka 100.0 19.4 39.3 41.3
Jadual B4.4: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut strata, negeri Melaka, 2014 dan 2016
Table B4.4: Incidence of poverty by strata, state of Melaka, 2014 and 2016
(%)
2014 2016
Negeri Jumlah Bandar Luar Bandar Jumlah Bandar Luar Bandar
State Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural
Malaysia 0.6 0.3 1.6 0.4 0.2 1.0
Melaka 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nota/Note : Sumber : Laporan Penyiasatan Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, 2016
Mengikut had bagi Malaysia 2016 Terendah/Bottom 40%: < 4,360 Source: Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report, 2016
Refer to cut-off for Malaysia 2016 Pertengahan/Middle 40% : 4,360 - 9,619
Tertinggi/Top 20% : ≥ 9,620
B4. PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH
B4. HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Jadual B4.5: Siri masa pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan penengah, pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan purata, pekali gini,
insiden kemiskinan dan insiden kemiskinan tegar, negeri Melaka
Table B4.5: Time series of median monthly household gross income, mean monthly household gross income, gini coefficient,
incidence of poverty and incidence of hardcore poverty, state of Melaka
Indikator
1970* 1974* 1976 1979 1984 1987 1989** 1992 1995 1997 1999 2002 2004 2007 2009 2012 2014 2016
Indicators
Pendapatan isi rumah kasar

bulanan penengah
(RM) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,391 1,793 1,715 2,051 2,308 2,717 3,005 3,923 5,029 5,588
Median monthly household
gross income
Pendapatan isi rumah kasar

bulanan purata
(RM) 265 410 568 772 1,040 1,034 1,084 1,459 1,843 2,276 2,260 2,650 2,791 3,421 4,184 4,759 6,046 6,849
Mean monthly household
gross income
109
Pekali Gini
.. 0.506 0.558 0.472 0.438 0.403 0.396 0.397 0.399 0.371 0.399 0.386 0.352 0.380 0.411 0.355 0.316 0.337
Gini Coefficient
Insiden kemiskinan
% 44.9 .. 32.4 20.4 15.8 11.7 12.4 8.5 5.3 3.6 5.7 2.7 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Incidence of poverty
Insiden kemiskinan tegar

% .. .. .. .. 5.5 3.8 3.8 1.8 1.6 0.6 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 .. ..
Incidence of hardcore poverty
Nota/Note : Sumber : Laporan Penyiasatan Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas, 2016
* Merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja
Refers to Peninsular Malaysia only
** Mulai tahun 1989, data adalah berdasarkan kepada warganegara Malaysia
Starting 1989, data is based on Malaysian citizens
B5. INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA
B5. CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
Jadual B5.1: Indeks Harga Pengguna (2010=100), nombor indeks kumpulan utama dan perubahan peratus, negeri Melaka, 2017
Table B5.1: Consumer Price Index (2010=100), index numbers for main groups and percentage change, state of Melaka, 2017
Tahun Jumlah Makanan dan Minuman alkohol Pakaian dan kasut Perumahan, air, Hiasan, perkakasan Kesihatan
Year Total minuman bukan dan tembakau Clothing and elektrik, gas dan dan Health
alkohol Alcoholic beverages footwear bahan api lain penyelenggaraan isi
Food & non-alcoholic and tobacco Housing, water, rumah
beverages electricity, gas and Furnishings,
other fuels household equipment
and routine
household
maintenance
2015 112.4 120.6 142.4 89.5 114.0 112.1 113.0
2016 114.7 126.3 167.1 86.9 117.3 114.8 115.0
2016 Jan 114.1 124.2 167.0 88.6 115.9 114.2 113.9

Feb 114.1 125.1 166.9 87.8 116.9 114.3 114.8
Mac 113.4 124.8 167.1 87.0 116.9 114.8 114.5
Apr 113.9 124.9 167.3 87.5 116.9 114.8 115.0
110
Mei 114.1 125.5 166.9 87.7 117.0 114.7 114.9

Jun 114.3 126.6 166.9 86.8 117.0 114.7 115.2
Jul 114.7 126.7 167.0 86.2 117.0 114.6 114.8
Ogo 115.0 127.1 167.1 85.9 117.7 114.8 115.0
Sep 114.6 126.5 166.9 86.6 117.7 115.0 115.2
Okt 115.0 126.3 167.2 86.5 117.7 115.1 115.5
Nov 116.3 128.1 167.2 86.5 118.2 115.1 115.8
Dis 116.5 129.4 167.3 86.2 118.2 115.4 115.8
2017 Jan 118.0 130.5 167.3 86.7 118.2 116.5 116.0

Feb 119.5 131.9 167.2 87.1 118.6 117.4 116.8
Mac 119.4 131.1 167.8 87.2 118.6 117.3 116.8
Apr 119.3 131.6 168.0 87.2 118.6 117.9 116.9
Mei 119.1 132.6 168.4 86.6 119.0 118.2 117.0
Jun 118.9 133.1 168.4 86.4 119.0 118.0 117.0
Jul 118.7 132.8 168.3 86.5 119.0 119.0 118.1
Ogo 119.7 133.3 168.5 87.1 119.4 118.9 118.1
Perubahan Peratus: Ogos 2016 -

4.1 4.9 0.8 1.4 1.4 3.6 2.7
Percentage Change: Ogos 2017
B5. INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA
B5. CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
Jadual B5.1: Indeks harga pengguna (2010=100), nombor indeks kumpulan utama dan perubahan peratus, negeri Melaka, 2017 (samb.)
Table B5.1: Consumer price index (2010=100), index numbers for main groups and percentage change, state of Melaka, 2017 (cont'd)
Tahun Pengangkutan Komunikasi Perkhidmatan rekreasi Pendidikan Restoran dan hotel Pelbagai barangan dan
Year Transport Communication dan kebudayaan Education Restaurants and hotels perkhidmatan
Recreation services and Miscellaneous goods
culture and services
2015 104.7 98.7 107.5 121.4 118.5 109.2
2016 100.2 99.9 109.6 123.6 119.0 112.4
2016 Jan 102.3 99.9 108.2 122.6 118.2 111.7

Feb 99.9 99.9 108.6 122.6 118.5 112.2
Mac 96.4 100.1 108.6 123.2 118.6 112.4
Apr 98.8 100.1 108.3 123.2 119.0 112.5
Mei 98.8 100.0 108.6 123.2 119.1 112.5
Jun 98.7 100.2 108.5 123.2 117.9 112.3
111
Jul 99.8 100.2 109.2 124.2 119.0 112.8

Ogo 99.9 100.1 111.0 124.2 118.6 112.3
Sep 98.6 100.0 111.0 124.2 118.9 112.2
Okt 101.0 99.7 111.2 124.2 119.1 112.4
Nov 104.6 99.3 110.8 124.2 119.1 112.5
Dis 103.4 99.1 111.5 124.2 121.8 112.6
2017 Jan 108.5 99.1 111.9 125.5 121.9 112.9

Feb 113.4 99.0 112.0 125.5 122.7 113.7
Mac 113.8 99.1 111.9 125.5 122.9 114.0
Apr 111.9 99.1 111.9 125.5 123.2 114.6
Mei 109.1 99.1 112.2 125.5 123.5 114.4
Jun 107.4 99.1 112.4 125.5 122.7 114.4
Jul 106.4 99.1 112.4 125.5 123.7 114.7
Ogo 110.4 99.2 112.3 125.5 124.3 114.2
Perubahan Peratus: Ogos 2016 -

10.5 (0.9) 1.2 1.0 4.8 1.7
Percentage Change: Ogos 2017
Sumber : Indeks Harga Pengguna, Ogos 2017

Source: Consumer Price Index, August 2017
BAHAGIAN 4 PART 4
JADUAL TABLES OF
DATA SECONDARY
SEKUNDER: DATA:
AGENSI OTHER
LAIN AGENCIES
JADUAL DATA SEKUNDER EKONOMI
TABLES OF SECONDARY DATA: ECONOMY
Jadual C1 : Bilangan usahawan dan nilai jualan mengikut bidang, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C1 : Number of entrepreneurs and sales value by area, state of Melaka, 2015
Bidang Kraf Bilangan Usahawan Nilai Jualan (RM)
Craft Area Number of Entrepreneurs Sales Value (RM)
Tekstil
22 1,486,493
Textile
Hasil Rimba
27 2,134,275
Forest Products
Logam
20 731,200
Metal
Hasil Tanah
6 546,718
Land Revenue
Aneka Kraf
19 1,123,351
Various Crafts
Jumlah
94 6,022,037
Total
Sumber : Perbadanan Kemajuan Kraftangan Malaysia
Source: Malaysia Handicraft Development Corporation
Jadual C2 : Jumlah pemandu pelancong mengikut jantina dan taraf kewarganegaraan,

negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C2 : Total of tourist guide by sex and citizenship, state of Melaka, 2015
Taraf Warganegara Lelaki Perempuan

Citizenship Male Female
Bumiputera 50 19
Bukan Bumiputera
201 139
Non-Bumiputera
Bukan Warganegara
- -
Non-Citizen
Jumlah
251 158
Total
Sumber : Kementerian Pelancongan
Source: Ministry of Tourism
115
JADUAL DATA SEKUNDER: EKONOMI
Jadual C3 : Bilangan hotel mengikut lokasi, negeri Melaka, 2015

Table C3 : Number of hotels by location, state of Melaka, 2015
Jenis Bandar Pantai Bukit Lain-Lain Jumlah

Type City Beach Hill Others Total
Hotel 125 16 - 3 144
Bilik
9,824 1,678 - 351 11,853
Room
Sumber: Pusat Maklumat Harta Tanah Negara (NAPIC)
Source: National Property Information Centre (NAPIC)
Jadual C4 : Ringkasan penawaran sedia ada bilik hotel mengikut penarafan bintang,
negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C4 : Summary of existing supply of hotel rooms by star rating, state of Melaka, 2015
Penarafan Bintang
Hotel Bilik
Star Rating
5-Bintang
5 1,305
5-Star
4-Bintang
12 3,151
4-Star
3-Bintang
28 3,407
3-Star
2-Bintang
25 1,128
2-Star
1-Bintang
11 330
1-Star
3 Orkid
12 369
3 Orchid
2 Orkid
11 245
2 Orchid
1 Orkid
6 129
1 Orchid
Tiada Penarafan
34 1,789
Unrated
Jumlah
144 11,853
Total
Sumber: Pusat Maklumat Harta Tanah Negara (NAPIC)
Source: National Property Information Centre (NAPIC)
116
JADUAL DATA SEKUNDER: EKONOMI
Jadual C5 : Projek perkilangan diluluskan, negeri Melaka 2015

Table C5 : Projects approved, state of Melaka 2015
Nilai Pelaburan Peratus Sumbangan

Value of Investment Percentage Share
RM (%)
Pelaburan Domestik
4,786,627,570 69.8
Domestic Investment
Pelaburan Asing
2,072,378,184 30.2
Foreign Investment
Jumlah Modal Pelaburan

6,859,005,754 100.0
Total Proposed Capital Investment
Sumber : Lembaga Pembangunan Pelaburan Malaysia
Source : Malaysia Investment Development Authority (MIDA)
117
JADUAL DATA SEKUNDER: SOSIAL
TABLES OF SECONDARY DATA: SOCIAL
Jadual C6 : Ringkasan stok sedia ada, penawaran akan datang dan perancangan penawaran
kediaman, kedai dan hartanah perindustrian, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C6 : Summary of existing stock, incoming supply and planned supply of residential, shop
and industrial properties, state of Melaka, 2015
Unit Unit Unit Luas Luas Pejabat Unit Hotel

Kediaman Kedai Industri Kompleks Tujuan Khas Hotel Units
Residential Shop Industrial Beli-Belah Purpose Built
Units Units Units Shopping Office
Complex Space
Space (m.p. / s.m.)
(m.p. / s.m.)
Stok Sedia Ada

167,784 18,828 6,287 433,023 398,487 144
Existing Stock
Penawaran
Akan Datang 32,895 4,936 1,031 68,110 5,004 14
Incoming Supply
Perancangan
Penawaran 14,148 2,347 1,937 - - 2
Planned Supply
Jumlah
214,827 26,111 9,255 501,133 403,491 160
Total
Sumber : Pusat Maklumat Harta Tanah Negara (NAPIC)
Source : National Property Information Centre (NAPIC)
118
Jadual C7 : Statistik indeks jenayah kekerasan dan indeks jenayah harta benda,
negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C7 : Statistics of violent crime index and property crime index, state of Melaka, 2015
Bilangan Bilangan
Jenayah Kekerasan Kes Jenayah Harta Benda Kes
Violent Crime Number of Property Crime Number of
Cases Cases
Bunuh Curi
8 418
Murder Theft
Rogol Curi Motokar

82 167
Rape Car Theft
Samun Berkawan Bersenjata Api Curi Motosikal

2 1,304
Gang Robbery with Fire Arms Motorcycle Theft
Curi Van/Lori/Jentera berat

Samun Berkawan tanpa Bersenjata Api
208 Van/Lorry/Heavy Machinery 26
Gang Robbery without Fire Arms
Theft
Samun Bersenjata Api Curi Ragut
- 2
Robbery with Fire Arms Snatch Theft
Samun tanpa Bersenjata Api Pecah Rumah dan Curi

94 445
Robbery without Fire Arms Home Break-in and Theft
Mencederakan
192
Causing Hurt
JUMLAH JUMLAH
586 2,362
Total Total
Sumber: Kementerian Dalam Negeri
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs
Jadual C8 : Statistik mengikut jenis kemalangan dan kecederaan, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C8 : Statistics by type of accident and injury, state of Melaka, 2015
Jenis Kemalangan Jenis Kecederaan
Type of accident Type of Injury
Maut
227 256
Fatal Accident
Kemalangan Parah
136 165
Serious Accident
Kemalangan Ringan
63 102
Minor Accident
Rosak sahaja
16,643
Non-Injury Accident
Jumlah
17,069 523
Total
Sumber: Kementerian Dalam Negeri
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs
119
Jadual C9 : Bilangan kes dan kadar kejadian penyakit berjangkit, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C9 : Number of cases and incidence rate of communicable diseases, state of Melaka, 2015
Jenis Penyakit Bil. Kes

Type of Disease Number of Cases
Kolera
-
Cholera
Disenteri
-
Dysentery
Penyakit Bawaan Air Dan Makanan Keracunan Makanan

605
Food and Water Borne Diseases Food Poisoning
HEPATITIS A 1
Tifoid
1
Typhoid
Demam Denggi
2,376
Dengue Fever
Demam Denggi
Berdarah
Penyakit Bawaan Vektor 44
Dengue Haemorrhagic
Vector Borne Diseases Fever
Malaria
2
Malaria
Tifus
-
Typhus
Difteria
-
Diphtheria
Penyakit Cegahan Vaksin
HEPATITIS B 81
Vaccine Preventable Diseases
Campak
85
Measles
Gonorrhoea 67
Penyakit Transmisi Secara Seksual
Sexually Transmitted Disease Sifilis
56
Syphilis
Lain-Lain Penyakit Berjangkit
AIDS 44
Other Infectious Diseases
Sumber: Pusat Informatik Kesihatan, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM)
Source: Health Informatics Centre, Ministry of Health (MOH)
120
Jadual C10: Taburan hospital dan bilangan katil rasmi di sektor awam, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C10 : Distribution of hospitals and official beds strength in public sector, state of Melaka, 2015
Bilangan Hospital Bilangan Katil

Number of Hospital Number of Beds
Hospital 3 1,245
Institusi Perubatan Khas

- -
Specific Medical Institute
Bukan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia

1 144
Non-Ministry of Health
Jadual C11: Bilangan fasiliti kesihatan awam dan nisbah fasiliti kesihatan awam kepada
penduduk, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C11 : Number of public health facilities and public health facility ratio to population, state
of Melaka, 2015
Jenis Klinik Bilangan Fasiliti
Type of Clinic Number of Facilties
Klinik Kesihatan
29
Health Clinic
Klinik Desa
59
Communinity Clinic
Klinik Kesihatan Ibu dan

Klinik Kesihatan Anak
Health Clinic 1
Maternal and Child Health
Clinic
Nisbah Klinik Kesihatan:

Penduduk
1:9,808
Health clinic ratio to
population
Klinik Kesihatan Bergerak (Pasukan)

-
Mobile Health Clinic
Klinik 1 Malaysia
19
1 Malaysia Clinic
Bil. Helikopter
-
Perkhidmatan Doktor Udara Number of Helicopter
Air Doctor Service Pasukan
-
Team
121
Jadual C12: Bilangan kemasukan pesakit mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C12 : Number of admissions by sector, state of Melaka, 2015
Sektor Bilangan Pesakit

Sector Number of Patient
Hospital
87,666
Hospital
Institusi Perubatan
Sektor Awam Khas
-
Public Sector Special Medical
Institutions
Bukan KKM
3,397
Non-MOH
Sektor Swasta
59,029
Private Sector
Jadual C13: Bilangan doktor, doktor gigi, jururawat, ahli farmasi dan optometris mengikut
sektor dan nisbah kepada penduduk, negeri Melaka, 2015
Table C13 : Number of doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists and optometrists by sector and ratio
to population, state of Melaka, 2015
Sektor Awam Sektor Swasta Nisbah kepada Penduduk

Public Sector Private Sector Ratio to Population
Doktor
1,112 499 1:542
Doctor
Doktor Gigi
136 65 1:4,343
Dentist
Jururawat
2,072 1,439 1:249
Nurse
Ahli Farmasi
207 95 1:2,890
Pharmacist
Optometris
6 53 1:14,795
Optometrist
122
Jadual C14: Pemberian sebenar kepada kerajaan negeri Melaka, 2015

Table C14 : Actual grants to state government of Melaka, 2015
Jenis Pemberian Pemberian Sebenar (RM)
Type of Grants Actual Grants
Pemberian Mengikut Bilangan Penduduk
Capitation Grant
84,807,774
Pemberian Penyelenggaraan Jalan Negeri :
15,247,320
State Road Maintenance Grant :
Mutu Minimum
Minimum quality
75,873,115
Substandard
Substandard
8,934,659
Pelancongan
Tourism
-
Pemberian Khas Tahunan

Special Grants
tb
Pemberian Pertambahan Hasil

Revenue Growth Grant
7,049,440
Geran Tahunan Kepada Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan

(Geran Tahunan Berasaskan Kaedah Keseimbangan) 9,887,228
Grants to Local Authorities
Bayaran Perkhidmatan Kepada Negeri-Negeri
Service Charges to the State (Involvement in Federal Project)
11,747,124
Pemberian Di Bawah Senarai Bersama

Concurrent List Grants
12,144,475
Bayaran Pemansuhan Duti Import dan Eksais Atas Barangan

Petroleum Kepada Negeri Sabah & Sarawak
Compensation for Sabah and Sarawak (due to the repeal of
tb
import duty and excise duty on petroleum products)
Pemberian Bantuan Bil. Lampu Jalan dan Lampu Isyarat
kepada PBT
Financial Assistance to the Local Authorities for the Payment of
7,829,642
Electric Bill (Street Lamps and Traffic Lights)
Pemberian Berdasarkan Tahap Pembangunan Ekonomi,
Infrastruktur dan Kesejahteraan Hidup
Grant For States Which Facing Deficit In Operating Expenditure
17,139,000
Account
Pemberian Kekurangan Akaun Mengurus
Grant For States Which Facing Deficit In Operating Expenditure 635,049
Account
Pemberian Kepada Perpustakaan Negeri
Grant to State Library
3,080,364
Pemberian Kepada Muzium Negeri

Grant to State Museum
3,768,857
Jumlah
Total
173,336,273
Sumber: Kementerian Kewangan

Source: Ministry of Finance
123
PENERBITAN INI BOLEH JUGA DIPEROLEH DI JABATAN PERANGKAAN NEGERI SEPERTI BERIKUT:
THIS PUBLICATION IS ALSO AVAILABLE AT THE FOLLOWING STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS:
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Johor, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Perak,
Tingkat 14, Menara Tabung Haji, Tingkat 3, Blok A, Bangunan Persekutuan Ipoh,
Jalan Air Molek, Jalan Dato‟ Seri Ahmad Said (Greentown)
80000 Johor Bahru, Johor. 30450 Ipoh, Perak
Tel : 07 - 225 3700 Tel : 05 - 255 4963
Faks : 07 - 224 9972 Faks : 05 - 255 1073
E-mel : jpjohor@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpperak@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Kedah, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Perlis,
Aras 1, Zon C, Wisma Persekutuan, Tingkat 1, Bangunan Perodua Kangar,
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, No. 2, Persiaran Jubli Perak,
Bandar Muadzam Shah, 01000 Kangar,
06550 Anak Bukit, Alor Setar, Kedah Perlis
Tel : 04 - 700 1240 Tel : 04 - 976 7381
Faks : 04 - 733 8412 Faks : 04 - 976 8950
E-mel : jpkedah@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpperlis@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Kelantan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Selangor,
Tingkat 8, Bangunan Persekutuan, Tingkat 9, Bangunan Darul Ehsan,
Jalan Bayam, Jalan Indah, Seksyen 14,
15514 Kota Bharu, Kelantan. 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor
Tel : 09 - 7419449 Tel : 03 - 5515 0200
Faks : 09 - 7482142 Faks : 03 - 5518 0408
E-mel : jpkelantan@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpselangor@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Melaka, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Terengganu,
Aras 7 & 8, Wisma Persekutuan, Tingkat 9, Wisma Persekutuan,
Jalan MITC, Hang Tuah Jaya, Jalan Sultan Ismail,
75450 Ayer Keroh, Melaka. 20200 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu.
Tel : 06 - 252 2725 Tel : 09 - 622 3062
Faks : 06 - 252 2711 Faks : 09 - 622 9659
E-mel : jpmelaka@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpterengganu@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sembilan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sabah,
Tingkat 12, Wisma Persekutuan, Tingkat 1-3, Blok C, Kompleks Pentadbiran
Jalan Dato‟ Abdul Kadir, Kerajaan Persekutuan Sabah, Jalan UMS,
70000 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. Beg Berkunci No. 2046, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Tel : 06 - 765 5000 Tel : 088 - 484 602
Faks : 06 - 765 5002 Faks : 088 - 484 659
E-mel : jpnsembilan@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpsabah@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Pahang, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sarawak,
Tingkat 7, Bangunan Persekutuan, Tingkat 7 & 8, Bangunan Tun Datuk Patinggi
Jalan Gambut, Tuanku Haji Bujang, Jalan Simpang Tiga,
25000 Kuantan, Pahang. 93514 Kuching, Sarawak.
Tel : 09 - 516 3931/7 Tel : 082 - 240 287
Faks : 09 - 514 4636 Faks : 082 - 242 609
E-mel : jppahang@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpsarawak@stats.gov.my
Pengarah, Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Pulau Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia
Pinang, Wilayah Persekutuan,
Tingkat 6, Bangunan Persekutuan, Tingkat 14 & 15, Wisma Sime Darby,
10400, Jalan Anson, Jalan Raja Laut,
Pulau Pinang. 50350 Kuala Lumpur.
Tel : 04 - 226 6244 Tel : 03 - 2267 2400
Faks : 04 - 229 9499 Faks : 03 - 2274 5075
E-mel : jppulaupinang@stats.gov.my E-mel : jpwpkl@stats.gov.my

Banci Ekonomi 2016 - Statistik MyState Melaka PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Banci Ekonomi 2016 - Statistik MyState Melaka PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BANCI EKONOMI

Dimaklumkan bahawa Kerajaan Malaysia telah mengisytiharkan

Please be informed that the Government of Malaysia has declared

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

Tel. : 03-8885 7000

Harga / Price : RM45.00

Diterbitkan pada Disember 2017 / Published on December 2017

Hakcipta terpelihara / All rights reserved.

“Sumber : Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia”.

“Source : Department of Statistics, Malaysia.”

DATO’ SRI DR. MOHD UZIR MAHIDIN

DATO’ SRI DR. MOHD UZIR MAHIDIN

Penemuan Utama 2015 – Malaysia 2

Penemuan Utama 2015 – Negeri Melaka 3

Ringkasan Penemuan – Negeri Melaka 5

Konsep Asas Statistik 51

A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016

A1 Perangkaan utama mengikut sektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 67

A2 Bilangan pertubuhan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut 68

A3 Nilai output kasar, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 69

A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016 (samb.)

A4 Nilai input perantaraan, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut 70

A5 Nilai ditambah, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 71

A6 Bilangan pekerja, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 72

A8 Nilai harta tetap, sumbangan dan pertumbuhan tahunan mengikut sektor, 74

A9 Perangkaan utama mengikut subsektor, negeri Melaka, 2015 75

A12 Perangkaan utama pertubuhan milikan wanita mengikut sektor, 81

A13 Bilangan pertubuhan dan jenis perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, 83

A14 Bilangan pertubuhan dan pecahan perbelanjaan perlindungan alam sekitar, 84

A. Jadual Utama: Banci Ekonomi 2016 (samb.)

A15 Bilangan pertubuhan yang mempunyai pensijilan alam sekitar, 84

A16 Pendapatan & perbelanjaan e-Dagang dan penggunaan komputer, internet 85

B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain

B1 KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR

B2.1 Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut strata dan jantina, 91

B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain (samb.)

B2.10 Tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian pendidikan, jantina dan strata, 96

B2.12 Tenaga buruh mengikut taraf perkahwinan, jantina dan strata, 98

B. Jadual Banci dan Penyiasatan Lain (samb.)

B4 PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH

B5 INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA

C. Jadual Data Sekunder: Agensi Lain

Jadual Sekunder: Ekonomi

C2 Jumlah pemandu pelancong mengikut jantina dan taraf kewarganegaraan, 115

C3 Bilangan hotel mengikut lokasi, negeri Melaka, 2015 116

C5 Projek perkilangan diluluskan, negeri Melaka, 2015 117

Jadual Sekunder: Sosial

C. Jadual Data Sekunder: Agensi Lain (samb.)

Jadual Sekunder: Sosial (samb.)

C14 Pemberian sebenar kepada kerajaan negeri Melaka, 2015 123

NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

GAJI & UPAH

NILAI HARTA TETAP

NILAI OUTPUT KASAR

GAJI & UPAH

NILAI HARTA TETAP

30,073 6,046 857

33,155 6,849 889

Bilangan Penduduk (‘000) Indeks Harga Pengguna

2. STRUKTUR EKONOMI NEGERI MELAKA 2015

BILANGAN 2015 BILANGAN

GAJI & UPAH

(RM Juta) KASAR