Name ____________________________ Chem 21B

Lipids practice problems

1) Define the term lipid and describe the two major classes of lipids.

2) The basic hydrolysis of fats and oils is known as ___________________________.

3) In the formation of a triglyceride, what functional groups chemically combine and what functional group is
formed?

4) How does the presence of a double bond in a fatty acid (or a molecule containing a fatty acyl chain) affect its
physical properties.

5) Arrange the following fatty acids in order of increasing melting point:

stearic acid
linolenic acid 18:3( 9,12,15)

linoleic acid
oleic acid

6) Which of the following terms best describes the compound below?

A) a phosholipid
B) a triglyceride
C) a steroid
D) a prostaglandin
E) a sphingolipid

7) Long chain fatty acids are joined to long chain alcohols by a(n) _________________ linkage to form the class of

compounds known as _____________________.

1
8) Provide the structures of the products which result when the following molecule is heated in aqueous solution
of sodium hydroxide:

1-stearoyl, 2-linoleoyl, 3-oleoyl glycerol

9) Draw the structure of the product which results when the following compound is completely hydrogenated
using excess H2 :

1-palmitoyl, 2-linoleoyl, 3-oleoyl glycerol

2
10) Draw structures for each of the following:

a) palmitate ion

b) sodium oleate

c) arachadonic acid - 20:4( 5,8,11,14)

d) phosphatidate (2-linoleoyl, 3-stearoyl)

e) phosphatidyl choline (2-lauroyl, 3-myristoyl)

f) cholesterol