LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN PERPINDAHAN PANAS

flowrate cold fluid = 40 L/mnt = 40 L/mnt : 60.000 m3/s = 6,67*10^-4 m3/s

Skala rotatometer hot fluid = 17,19 dan 21
suhu awal fluid = 45 C dan 54 C
panjang HE = 23,6 in = 0,5994 m
Jumlah Tube HE = 5
Diameter dalam (Di) = 0,795 in = 0,020193 m
Diameter luar (Do) = 0,866 in = 0,021996 m
Luas dalam Pipa (Ai) = 5.pi.Di.L
0.1900278419 m^2
Luas luar Pipa (Ao) = 5.pi.Do.L
0.2069951177 m^2

Perhitungan Hot Fluid

Skala Flowrate (L/mnt) Flowrate (m3/s)
17 30 0.0005
19 33.8 0.00056333
21 37.5 0.000625

1. Perhitungan ΔT LMTD
a. Aliran Co-current (45 C)
17 1
t (menit)
Thi Tho Tci Tco Thi
0 45 44 32 34 45
1 45 44 32 34 45
2 45 44 32 34.5 45
3 45 44 32 35 45
4 45 44 32 35 45
5 45 44 32.5 35 45
6 44.5 44 32.5 35 45
7 44.5 43.5 33 35 45
8 44.5 43 33 35 44.5
9 44.5 43 33 35.5 44.5
10 44.5 43 33 35.5 44.5
Rata-rata 44.7727272727 43.6818182 32.4545455 34.8636363636 44.8636364
b. Aliran Co-current (54 C)
17 1
t (menit)
Thi Tho Tci Tco Thi
0 54 53.5 34 34.5 54
1 54 53.5 34 34.5 54
2 54 53 34.5 35 54
3 54 53 35 35.5 53
4 53.5 52 35.5 36 52.5
5 53.5 52 36.5 37 51.5
6 52.5 51.5 36.5 37 51.5
 7 52 51 37 37.5 50.5
8 51.5 51 37.5 38 50.5
9 51.5 50.5 38 38.5 49.5
10 51 50 38.5 39 49
Rata-rata 52.8636363636 51.9090909 36.0909091 36.5909090909 51.8181818

c. Aliran Counter-Current (45 C)

17 19
t (menit)
Thi Tho Tci Tco Thi
0 45 44.5 29.5 33 45
1 45 44.5 29.5 33 45
2 44.5 43 30.5 33.5 45
3 44 43 31 33.5 45
4 44 43 31 34 44.5
5 43.5 43 31 34 44.5
6 43.5 43 31 34 44
7 43 42.5 31.5 34 44
8 42 42 31.5 34 44
9 42 42 32 34 44
10 41.5 41 32 34 43.5
Rata-rata 43.4545454545 42.8636364 30.9545455 33.7272727273 44.4090909

d. Aliran Counter-Current (54 C)

17 19
t (menit)
Thi Tho Tci Tco Thi
0 54 52.5 32 35 54
1 54 52.5 32 35 54
2 53.5 52 32 35 53.5
3 53.5 51.5 32 35 52.5
4 53 51.5 32 35 52
5 52.5 51 32 35 51.5
6 52.5 51 33 35.5 51.5
7 52 50.5 33.2 36 51
8 52 50.5 34 36 51
9 51.5 50.5 34 36.5 50.5
10 51.5 50.2 34.5 37 50.5
Rata-rata 52.7272727273 51.2454545 32.7909091 35.5454545455 52

ΔT LMTD untuk aliran Co-Current :

ΔT LMTD = ΔT2-ΔT1/ln(ΔT2/ΔT1) = (Thi-Tci)-(Tho-Tco)/ln((Thi-Tci)-(Tho-Tco))
ΔT LMTD variabel suhu
Flowrate (L/mnt)
45 C 54 C
30 10.4708701915 16.0344605
33.8 10.7558379878 17.4417539
37.5 10.5468032632 17.8268854
ΔT LMTD untuk aliran Counter-Current :
ΔT LMTD = ΔT2-ΔT1/ln(ΔT2/ΔT1) = (Thi-Tco)-(Tho-Tci)/ln((Thi-Tco)-(Tho-Tci))
ΔT LMTD variabel suhu
Flowrate (L/mnt)
45 C 54 C
30 10.781412637 17.8106035
33.8 11.9792527557 16.1572736
37.5 11.4133443934 16.7188592

2. Perhitungan Sejumlah Panas yang Diberikan

a. Aliran Co-Current (45 C)
Hot fluid
Skala
ΔTh (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3) Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qh (J/s)
17 1.0909090909 4174 990.29 0.0005 2254.62025
19 0.8727272727 4174 990.29 0.0005633333 2032.16439
21 1.4545454545 4174 990.29 0.000625 3757.70042
b. Aliran Co-Current (54 C)
Skala Hot fluid Cold
ΔTh (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3) Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qh (J/s)
17 0.9545454545 4177 987.09 0.0005 1967.83122
19 0.5909090909 4177 987.09 0.0005633333 1372.48419
21 0.4818181818 4177 987.09 0.000625 1241.60779
c. Aliran Counter-Current (45 C)
Hot fluid
Skala
ΔTh (C) Cp (J/kg° C) ρ (kg/m3) Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qh (J/s)
17 0.5909090909 4174 990.47 0.0005 1221.47462
19 0.6818181818 4174 990.47 0.0005633333 1587.917
21 0.7727272727 4174 990.47 0.000625 1996.6412
d. Aliran Counter-Current (54 C)
Skala Hot fluid
ΔTh (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3) Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qh (J/s)
17 1.4818181818 4177 987.07 0.0005 3054.7618
19 0.6363636364 4177 987.07 0.0005633333 1478.02994
21 0.4545454545 4177 987.07 0.000625 1171.30437

3. Perhitungan Harga Uo,Ui dan Ud

Ui = Qh/(Ai*ΔT LMTD)
Uo = Qh/(Ao*ΔT LMTD)
Ud = Uo+Ui/2

Co-current suhu 45 C
Flowrate Ui Uo Ud
0.0005 1133.113442024 1040.23276 1086.6731
0.0005633333 994.2540021335 912.755549 953.504776
0.000625 1874.925742516 1721.23911 1798.08243

Co-current suhu 54 C
Flowrate Ui Uo Ud
0.000533 645.8270907853 592.889 619.358045
0.000567 414.0949736895 380.151837 397.123405
0.0006 366.5149719017 336.471942 351.493457

Counter-Current suhu 45 C
Flowrate Ui Uo Ud
0.000533 596.199410147 547.329273 571.764342
0.000567 697.558819528 640.380307 668.969563
0.0006 920.597667245 845.136784 882.867225

Counter-Current suhu 54 C
Flowrate Ui Uo Ud
0.000533 902.5712177472 828.587952 865.579585
0.000567 481.3909455953 441.931595 461.66127
0.0006 368.676867534 338.456628 353.566748

4. Perhitungan Harga Uc
Flow area tube 0.0016
Flow area shell 0.00122
a. Aliran Co current hot fluid
T V (m3/s) ρ (kg/m3) Gt Ret μ (kg/m.s)
0.0005 990.31 309.471875 10295.1656867792 0.000607
45 0.0005633333 990.22 348.639958 11636.5069068182 0.000605
0.000625 990.32 386.84375 12847.9207956414 0.000608
0.0005 986.85 308.390625 11727.5553495763 0.000531
54 0.0005633333 987.33 347.622438 13023.2650842996 0.000539
0.000625 987.11 385.589844 14553.6742333528 0.000535

b. Aliran Co Current cold fluid

T V (m3/s) ρ (kg/m3) Gs Res μ (kg/m.s)
0.000667 994.4 543.659672 99915.8316349136 0.00074
45 0.000667 994.4 543.659672 99915.8316349136 0.00074
0.000667 994.4 543.659672 99915.8316349136 0.00074
0.000667 993.5 543.167623 105079.3694471 0.000703
54 0.000667 994.3 543.605 99905.7837837838 0.00074
0.000667 994.3 543.605 99905.7837837838 0.00074

c. Aliran Counter-Current hot fluid

T V (m3/s) ρ (kg/m3) Gt Ret μ (kg/m.s)
0.0005 990.7 309.59375 10083.2686995968 0.00062
45 0.0005633333 990.4 348.703333 11543.2236229508 0.00061
0.000625 990.7 386.992188 12810.7102330943 0.00061
0.0005 987.1 308.46875 11642.8214369159 0.000535
54 0.0005633333 987.2 347.576667 12997.4363518518 0.00054
0.000625 987.1 385.585938 14418.7719184028 0.00054
d. Aliran Counter-Current cold fluid
T V (m3/s) ρ (kg/m3) Gs Res μ (kg/m.s)
0.000667 994.9 543.933033 97335.3848144953 0.00076
45 0.000667 994.9 543.933033 96071.2889078135 0.00077
0.000667 994.8 543.878361 97325.6013805005 0.00076
0.000667 994.2 543.550328 99895.735932654 0.00074
54 0.000667 993.8 543.331639 102629.309653916 0.00072
0.000667 993.9 543.386311 102639.636612022 0.00072

Perhitungan Rd
Co-current
T Flowrate
Uc Ud
0.0005 4529.17185 1086.6731
45 0.0005633333 4881.41875 953.504776
0.000625 5485.66077 1798.08243
0.0005 4719.80435 619.358045
54 0.0005633333 5316.07367 397.123405
0.000625 5770.13136 351.493457
Counter-Curr
Rd Uc
0.000699449 4436.265
0.000843904 4775.31221
0.0003738546 5491.60904
0.0014027018 4731.50771
0.0023300002 5324.84193
0.0026716969 5672.11423

5. Perhitungan Ui,Uo dan Ud Teoritis

Aliran CoCurrent
T Ho Hi ri
1501.51281 9462.74605 0.0100965
45 1501.51281 10198.6914 0.0100965
1501.51281 11461.1272 0.0100965
1519.923521 9861.03233 0.0100965
54 1501.51281 11106.8109 0.0100965
1501.51281 12055.4683 0.0100965
ro Ui
0.0109982 483.398524
0.0109982 485.187063
0.0109982 487.742927
0.0109982 487.639205
0.0109982 487.081675
0.0109982 488.768387

Aliran Counter Current

T Ho Hi ri
1489.266691 9268.63686 0.0100965
45 1510.147545 9977.00426 0.0100965
1489.266691 11473.5549 0.0100965
1518.322713 9885.48403 0.0100965
54 1546.54432 11125.1303 0.0100965
1546.54432 11850.6823 0.0100965
ro Ui
0.0109982 473.790042
0.0109982 481.994139
0.0109982 478.490474
0.0109982 479.00185
0.0109982 485.210412
0.0109982 486.509509

6. Mencari nilai α,p dan q

Log Nu=Logα + p LogRe + q LogPr
Data dari Aliran CoCurrent dari Tube
T Re Pr Nu Praktis α p
10295.16569 3.975468 299.500362
46 11636.50691 3.961079 322.793379 0.00000359 0.837
12847.9208 3.978719 362.750066
 11727.55535 3.425808 307.7648
56 13023.26508 3.478717 347.182403 0.00853 0.853
14553.67423 3.454213 376.253589

Data dari Aliran Counter Current dari Tube

T Re Pr Nu Praktis α p
10083.2687 4.055097 293.817244
46 11543.22362 3.986906 315.776876 0.000000946 1.251
12810.71023 3.993453 363.143407
11642.82144 3.450335 308.527943
56 12997.43635 3.468971 347.217552 0.0002133 0.814
14418.77192 3.455052 369.862175

7. Hubungan Nu Teoritis Vs Nu Praktis

Aliran Co Current
T Flowrate Nu Teoritis Nu Praktis % Error
46 0.000533 298.959678 299.500362 0.1805287657
0.000567 322.215606 322.793379 0.1789914679
0.0006 362.104195 362.750066 0.1780484217
56 0.000533 307.671106 307.7648 0.0304433433
0.000567 347.078155 347.182403 0.0300267437
0.0006 376.141933 376.253589 0.0296755963

Aliran Counter Current

T Flowrate Nu Teoritis Nu Praktis % Error
46 0.000533 292.697866 293.817244 0.3809774577
0.000567 314.560873 315.776876 0.3850831344
0.0006 361.733327 363.143408 0.3882985654
56 0.000533 308.240071 308.527943 0.0933048181
0.000567 346.892068 347.217552 0.0937407909
0.0006 369.512667 369.862175 0.0944967238
 19 21
Tho Tci Tco Thi Tho Tci Tco
44.5 32 33 45 44 32 33
44.5 32 33 45 44 32 33
44.2 32 33.5 45 44 32.5 33
44.2 33 33.5 45 44 32.5 33
44 33.3 34 45 44 33 34
44 33.5 34 45 43.5 33 34
44 34 34.5 45 43.5 33.5 34.5
44 34 34.5 44.5 43 34 35
43.5 34 34.5 44.5 43 34 35
43.5 34 35 45.5 42.5 34 35
43.5 34 35 44.5 42.5 34 35
43.99091 33.25454545 34.04545 44.9090909091 43.45455 33.13636 34.04545

19 21
Tho Tci Tco Thi Tho Tci Tco
53.5 33 33.5 54 53.5 32.5 33
53.5 33 33.5 54 53.5 32.5 33
53 33 34 53.5 53 33 33.5
52.5 33 34.5 53 52.5 33.5 34
52 33 34.5 52.5 52 34 34.5
51 33 34.5 52 51.5 34 35
51 33.5 34.5 51.5 51 34.5 35
 50 34 35 51.3 51 34.5 35
49.5 34 35 51 50.5 34.5 35
49 34.5 35.5 50.5 50 34.5 35
48.5 35 36 50.5 50 34.5 35
51.22727 33.54545455 34.59091 52.1636363636 51.68182 33.81818 34.36364

21
Tho Tci Tco Thi Tho Tci Tco
44.5 30 32.5 45 44.5 30 32.5
44.5 30 32.5 45 44.5 30 32.5
44 30 33 44.5 44 30.5 33
44 30.5 33 44.5 44 31 33
44 31 33 44.5 44 31.5 33.5
43.5 31 33.5 44 43.5 31.5 34
43.5 31 33.5 44 43.5 32 34
43.5 31.5 33.5 44 43 32 34.5
43.5 31.5 33.5 44 43 32 34.5
43 31.5 34 44 43 32 34.5
43 31.5 34 44.5 42.5 32.5 35
43.72727 30.86363636 33.27273 44.3636363636 43.59091 31.36364 33.72727

21
Tho Tci Tco Thi Tho Tci Tco
53 32 35 54 53.5 30.5 34
53 32 35 54 53.5 30.5 34
52 32.5 35.5 53.5 53 31.5 35
52 33.5 37 53 52.5 32.5 35.5
51.5 34 37 52.5 52 34 37
51 34.5 37 51.5 51.5 35 37.5
51 35 37.5 51.5 51 35 38
50.5 35 38 51 50.5 35 38
50.5 35 38 51 50.5 35 38
50.5 35.5 38 51 50.5 35.5 38
50 36 38 50.5 50 36 38
51.36364 34.09090909 36.90909 52.1363636364 51.68182 33.68182 36.63636
 Cold fluid
ΔTc (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3)Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qc (J/s)
2.409091 4174 994.418 0.0005 4999.708
0.790909 4174 994.418 0.0005633333 1849.326
0.909091 4174 994.418 0.000625 2358.353

Cold fluid
ΔTc (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3)Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qc (J/s)
0.5 4174 994 0.0005 1037.239
1.045455 4174 994 0.0005633333 2443.484
0.545455 4174 994 0.000625 1414.417

Cold fluid
ΔTc (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3)Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qc (J/s)
2.772727 4174 994.87 0.0005 5757
2.409091 4174 994.87 0.0005633333 5635.564
2.954545 4174 994.87 0.000625 7668.13

Cold fluid
ΔTc (C) Cp (J/kg°C) ρ (kg/m3)Flowrate hot (m3/s) Qc (J/s)
2.754545 4174 993.97 0.0005 5714.071
2.818182 4174 993.97 0.0005633333 6586.583
2.954545 4174 993.97 0.000625 7661.193
jH k (W/m.°C) Pr Hi Hio Uc
190 0.638 1.576318 9462.746051523 8687.09 4529.172
205 0.638 1.574602 10198.6914037199 9362.71 4881.419
230 0.638 1.577174 11461.1272232594 10521.66 5485.661
205 0.647 1.501292 9861.0323272804 9052.729 4719.804
230 0.646 1.509489 11106.8108810534 10196.39 5316.074
250 0.647 1.505014 12055.4683241203 11067.29 5770.131

jH k (W/m.°C) Pr Ho
190 0.639 1.681952 1501.5128104556
190 0.639 1.681952 1501.5128104556
190 0.639 1.681952 1501.5128104556
195 0.642 1.651167 1519.9235210163
190 0.639 1.681952 1501.5128104556
190 0.639 1.681952 1501.5128104556

jH k (W/m.°C) Pr Hi Hio Uc
185 0.637 1.588201 9268.6368601904 8508.892 4436.265
200 0.638 1.578884 9977.0042551937 9159.195 4775.312
230 0.638 1.578884 11473.5548934728 10533.07 5491.609
205 0.647 1.505014 9885.4840257787 9075.176 4731.508
230 0.647 1.509642 11125.1303014141 10213.21 5324.842
245 0.647 1.509642 11850.6822775933 10879.29 5672.114
 jH k (W/m.°C) Pr Ho
190 0.623 1.711078 1489.2666906275
190 0.632 1.71036 1510.1475454572
190 0.623 1.711078 1489.2666906275
195 0.625 1.694292 1518.3227132767
200 0.627 1.677273 1546.5443198151
200 0.627 1.677273 1546.5443198151

Counter-Current
Ud Rd
571.7643 0.001523557
668.9696 0.001285426
882.8672 0.000950577
865.5796 0.000943946
461.6613 0.001978291
353.5667 0.002652019

\
Uo Ud
436.4431 459.9207874
442.1966 463.6918166
440.3002 464.0215394
439.8116 463.7254262
441.5838 464.3327334
443.0939 465.9311216

Uo Ud
434.9458 454.3679328
442.4773 462.235719
439.2609 458.87568
439.7303 459.3660928
445.4299 465.3201469
446.6225 466.5659898

7.611
 2.031

5.727

5.299
 suhu Th untuk holman Tc
17 44.2272727273 33.65909
19 44.4272727273 33.65
21 44.1818181818 33.59091
44.2787878788 33.63333

suhu Th untuk holman Tc

17 52.3863636364 36.34091
19 51.5227272727 34.06818
21 51.9227272727 34.09091
51.9439393939 34.83333
 suhu Th untuk holman Tc
17 43.1590909091 32.34091
19 44.0681818182 32.06818
21 43.9772727273 32.54545
43.7348484848 32.31818

suhu Th untuk holman Tc

17 51.9863636364 34.16818
19 51.6818181818 35.5
21 51.9090909091 35.15909
51.8590909091 34.94242