THE THOMPSON GROUP

The Thompson Group Companies have been providing the drilling industry with quality products for over sixty
years. Our goals are simple: to manufacture quality products; coupled with dependable services and competi-
tive pricing.

The capabilities of our three manufacturing plants, Thompson International Inc., Drilco Industrial, Inc., and
Tooltech Inc., provide our customers with a complete drill string from the top adaptor through the bottom drill
bits.

This catalog represents our continued efforts to meet the demands for quality and performance so important to
you, our customers. Our engineering and research departments are committed to providing our manufactur-
ing facilities with ongoing technological improvements that will assure our customers receive the highest quality
product in the drilling industry.

Drilco Industrial, Inc. is licensed to use the official API monogram of the American Petroleum
Institute in the manufacture of kellys, tool joints, drill stem subs and drill collars under the
conditions specified in the official publication of API SPEC - 7 specification for rotary drilling
equipment.

Thompson Group corporate offices and manufacturing facilities

 THOMPSON INTERNATIONAL
Table of Contents
THOMPSON INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Rotary Drilling Bits..................................................................................................................................3
Circulation Systems................................................................................................................................3
Tungsten Carbide Insert Bits..............................................................................................................4-5
Milled Tooth Bits.....................................................................................................................................6
Tungsten Carbide Insert Types..............................................................................................................7
Bit Type Availability.................................................................................................................................7
Drag Bits...................................................................................................................................................7
Hole Openers...........................................................................................................................................7
Additional Products.................................................................................................................................7
 ROTARY DRILLING BITS
Design Considerations
Rotary drilling bits consist of three primary components;
the cutters, internal bearings, and the bit body. The cutter teeth
may either be of milled steel tooth or tungsten carbide insert
design. Milled steel tooth bits utilize circumferential rows of teeth
machined directly from the cutter element and vary in tooth length,
shape, and spacing depending on the rock characteristics of the
formation being drilled. Tungsten carbide insert bits incorporate
the use of specially selected grades, shapes, and sizes of sintered
tungsten carbide compacts which generate the cutting function.
Again length, spacing, and shape vary with desired drilling perfor-
mance. Cutters are mounted onto the bearing journals of the bit
body and become an integral part of the completed assembly.
Softer formation bits generally require lighter drilling
weights; therefore cutter shells and bearing size are smaller than
those of hard formation bits which perform under heavier drill-
ing loads. Cutter angles and bearing offset vary to produce the
desired cutting action. Soft formation bits drill with a tearing and
gouging effect more suited to softer, unconsolidated formations.
Hard formation bits have cutters on a near true rolling and offset
angle which break the harder rock with a chipping and crushing
action.
Weight on the bearings is distributed through a five-part
anti-friction bearing system. Radial loads are carried by a bal-
anced distribution over the RBF (roller-ball-friction), or RBR
(roller-ball-roller) internal bearing design. Axial thrust loads are
distributed over hardened, low coefficient of friction, hard faced
surfaces. Bearings are matched and ground with precision to ex-
acting tolerances to ensure load distribution and long bearing life.
Ball bearings, used to retain the cutter on an integral leg bearing
race, also provide additional radial and axial load support.
Critical areas prone to excessive wear on the outer
portions of the cutters such as the steel cutter teeth and outer
gauge areas are additionally protected with tungsten carbide alloy
hard-facing to retard wear caused by cuttings removal and abra-
sion. Tungsten carbide insert bits may also utilize small, flush-fit
tungsten carbide compacts along the circumference of the gauge
surface as well as on outer surfaces of the leg component. Stra-
tegic placement of the wear resistant materials lowers the wear
rate in critical areas thus ensuring consistent hole diameters and
reducing outer bearing exposure.
In the completed assembly, pin connection threads are
machined within ( ± .010” ) concentricity limits about the true axis
of the bit. This permits true rolling and equal load distribution on
all cones for optimum cutting structure and bearing life.
application of wear resistant hard-facing and tungsten carbide
compacts.
Circulation Systems
Rotary drilling bits are designed for use with compressed
air or fluid circulation systems. Compressed air circulates through
the bit to pressurize and cool the precision bearings, keeping the
internal structure free of cuttings and contaminates. This same air
drilling system flushes the cuttings from the bottom of the drilled
hole. Fluid systems utilize either water or special drilling muds to
keep the complete bit cool and to lift the cuttings to the surface of
the drilled hole.
Regular Circulation Design
Full hole or regular circulation bits utilize a full diameter
center hole to maximize cutter tooth cleaning. This center hole
may be left fully open or can be restricted in size through the use
of a center orifice plate which will produce higher or lower pres-
sures across bearing surfaces and on hole bottom depending on
the size of the orifice and air compressor or fluid pump output.
Circulation system design, bit size, and drill pipe size are critical
considerations in determining which orifice size, if any, should be
used. Regular circulation air bits have passageways directly to the
internal bearing surfaces to provide cooling and cleaning. For fluid
drilling these passageways may be omitted during manufacture or
plugged prior to service to prevent contaminants from entering the
bearing areas.
Jet Circulation Design
Jet circulation bits incorporate three orifices strategically
placed between the cutters along the outer portion of the bit body.
These orifices are equipped with field replaceable nozzles which
direct the high velocity jet stream to the outside diameter of the
hole being drilled, providing optimum cleaning and retarding the
wear rates of cutter teeth incurred by direct center hole blasting
action. As with regular circulation bits, passageways are machined
into the leg components directly to bearing surfaces for air circula-
tion systems and are omitted or closed off for fluid drilling. Nozzle
size varies with circulation system output, hole diameter, and drill
pipe size. Recommendations based on engineering calculations
for nozzle sizes are found on page 24 of this catalog.
REGULAR CIRCULATION
(Cutaway Showing Bearing Design) Orifice Plate
(Optional)

Soft Formation Bits

Bits designed for the softer drilling formations utilize
longer, wide-spaced cutter teeth in both milled steel tooth and
tungsten carbide insert types. Soft, unconsolidated formations
allow greater cutter angles and bearing offset to provide maximum
penetration rates and cuttings removal.

Medium Formation Bits

Medium and medium-hard formation bits have shorter and
more closely spaced teeth as well as less drastic cutter angle and
bearing offset. As rock formations become slightly harder in com-
pressive strengths, less tearing and gouging and more chipping
and crushing action is necessary to keep the bit drilling efficiently REGULAR CIRCULATION
on the bottom of the hole. There is less vibration generated and
optimum bearing and cutting structure life is ensured.

Hard Formation Bits

The higher compressive strength rock formations are very
hard and usually abrasive. Bits utilized in these drilling conditions
require short, strong, impact and wear resistant cutting structures.
Steel teeth or tungsten carbide inserts are arranged very close to-
gether and cutter angles as well as bearing offset are reduced to a
near true rolling design to provide optimum resistance to abrasion
and impact, as well as to give the crushing action required to ef- JET CIRCULATION
fectively perform in hard drilling conditions. External gauge areas
of the cutter and leg assemblies also receive a more concentrated
3
 TUNGSTEN CARBIDE INSERT BITS

Soft Formation S.E. 52

The S.E. 52 utilizes the largest chisel-shaped tungsten carbide inserts with greater
extension and spacing to perform best in the softest formations. Maximum bearing
offset and cutter angle ensure the highest penetration rates and the most efficient
cuttings removal in a wide variety of soft unconsolidated formations.

Compressive Strengths – 2,000 to 8,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 1,000 to 3,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds 45 to 100 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 411-432

Soft Formation S.E. 53

The S.E. 53 utilizes a high offset which features large chisel-shaped tungsten
carbide inserts to provide high penetration rates in the softest formations. Wide
insert spacing allows effective hole cleaning in low compressive formations such as
shales, clays, limestone, and sands.

Compressive Strengths – 2,000 to 10,000 PSI

Operating Weights - 1,000 to 3,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 45 to 100 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 441-512

Soft to Medium Formations S.E. 54

The S.E. 54 utilizes an offset with large chisel-shaped inserts spaced to provide
high penetration rates in softer formations. It is extremely effective in shales, clays,
soft to medium limestone, and other formations of relatively low compressive
strength with hard streaks or abrasive qualities.

Compressive Strengths – 5,000 to 12,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 1,000 to 4,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 45 to 100 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 521-532

4
Medium Formations S.E. 56
The S.E. 56 is adaptable to a wide variety of formations with higher
compressive strengths, and performs well in sandstones, limestones,
hard shales, and other formations with high abrasive qualities, numer-
ous hard streaks, and broken formations.

Compressive Strengths – 7,000 to 15,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 2,000 to 5,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 40 to 90 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 541-622

Medium to Medium Hard Formations S.E. 57

The S.E. 57 effectively combines chisel and conical inserts to produce
a design to drill slightly harder formations such as hard limestone,
dolomite, hard sands, and other formations with hard cherty streaks.
The arrangement of the tungsten carbide inserts provides maximum
durability, reduces drill vibration, and allows greater drilling weights in
highly compressive strength formations.

Compressive Strengths – 10,000 to 18,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 3,000 to 6,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 40 to 90 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 631-712

Medium Hard to Hard Formations S.E. 58

For maximum penetration rates in harder formations, the S.E. 58
utilizes breakage resistant, projectile shaped tungsten carbide inserts.
They are closely spaced for maximum bottom hole cleaning in hard,
abrasive, and homogeneous limestones, dolomites, basalt, granite,
and chert.

Compressive Strengths – 12,000 to 20,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 4,000 to 7,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 40 to 80 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 721-742

Hard Formation S.E. 59

Extremely hard formations of the highest compressive strengths
require the S.E. 59. It performs best in formations such as taconite,
granite, chert, flint, and quartzite. The specially shaped inserts com-
bined with minimum cutter assure maximum penetration and wear
resistance.

Compressive Strengths – 16,000 PSI and Higher

Operating Weights – 4,000 to 7,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds 40 to 80 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 811-832

5
 MILLED TOOTH BITS

Soft to Medium Soft Formations T4

The T4 is designed with high cone offset and longer, widely spaced teeth to
provide maximum penetration in medium soft to soft formations such as shales,
clays, soft sandstones, and red beds. Also effective in other soft to medium for-
mations with relatively low compressive strengths.

Compressive Strengths – 1,000 to 5,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 1,000 to 3,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 60 to 110 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 131-142

Medium Formations T3
The T3 performs well in medium formations including unconsolidated shales, me-
dium soft limestone, medium sandstones, and other formations of slightly higher
compressive strength with intermittent hard streaks.

Compressive Strengths – 3,000 to 6,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 1,000 to 4,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 50 to 100 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 211-232

Medium to Medium Hard Formations T2

Medium to medium hard formations such as hard sandstones, limestone, and
broken formations with hard, cherty streaks may require the T2. Short, closely
spaced teeth, applied with tungsten carbide hard-facing help reduce vibration
through the harder formations.

Compressive Strengths – 4,000 to 9,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 2,000 to 5,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 40 to 100 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 241-312

Hard Formations T1-H

The T1-H is designed for hard, abrasive formations such as hard sandstone,
dolomite, hard limestone, and granite. The outer gauge rows have webs joining
adjacent heel teeth, which are heavily applied with tungsten carbide hard-facing
to provide maximum resistance to gauge wear.

Compressive Strengths – 8,000 to 14,000 PSI

Operating Weights – 2,000 to 5,000 lbs. per inch of bit diameter
Rotary Speeds – 40 to 90 RPM
Decreased Speed As Weight Is Increased
IADC Code Range – 321-342
6
TUNGSTEN CARBIDE INSERT TYPES
Insert Types □ Denotes Regular Circulation
Tungsten Carbide Inserts are designed ■ Denotes Jet Circulation
in various sizes, shapes, and hardness * Denotes Regular or Jet Circulation
grades, to suit the particular characteris-
tics of the formations to be drilled. Proper Note: All of the sizes and formations as well
selection and placement of the tungsten as special sizes are available on special
carbide inserts assures optimum perfor- quantity order. (REVERSE CIRCULATION
mance and longer bit life in a wide variety BITS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST) Specify Air
of drilling conditions. or Fluid Circulation When Ordering. Specify Jet
Nozzle Sizes When Ordering.

SIZES REGULAR APPX MILLED TOOTH BITS TUNGSTEN CARBIDE INSERT BITS
API PIN SIZE BIT WT. (LBS) T4 T3 T2 T1-H SE52 SE53 SE54 SE56 SE57 SE58 SE59
M MM
REG JET
2 7/8 - 3/1/2 73 - 89 N-ROD4THD 4
3 3/4 - 4 95 - 101 2 3/8 8
4 1/8 - 4 5/8 105 - 117.5 2 3/8 9
4 3/4 - 4 7/8 117 - 124 2 7/8 12
5- 5 1/2 127 - 139.7 2 7/8 14
5 5/8 - 5 7/8 143 -149 3 1/2 22 28
6 - 6 1/4 152 -159 3 1/2 30 35
6 1/2 - 6 3/4 165 -171 3 1/2 44 48
7 3/8 187 3 1/2 50
7 5/8 - 7 7/8 200 4 1/2 72
8 1/2 - 9 216 - 229 4 1/2 95
9 5/8 - 9 7/8 244 - 251 6 5/8 127
10 5/8 - 11 270 - 280 6 5/8 145
12 1/4 311 6 5/8 200
15 381 7 5/8 425

One-Piece Carbide Blade Bits

Durable 3 and 4 blade Chevron and Step type bits for use in mining, construction, exploration,
and water well drilling applications perform best in softer, unconsolidated formations. Made of high
quality alloy steel these are available with full air or water course openings.

Drag Bits
Thompson International, Inc. manufactures quality drag bits ranging in size from 1-7/8” diameter and up. Available in both Step and
Chevron configurations and in 3 and 4-way blade design. Various pin sizes are available to fit your drilling needs. Both 1/8” and 3/16”
carbide depths are utilized in various sizes. Only the highest quality 4140 alloy steel is used for forging material. Bits are of
offered in both
a one piece bit or interchangeable blades. These bits are designed to be used in soft drilling material with compressive strengths of
2000 PSI and under.

Replaceable Blade Bits

Used in a variety of formations and drilling applications, the replaceable blade
feature allows flexibility in blade selection and easy replacement. Available in sizes
from 3-7/8” Chevron & Step through 5-5/8” Chevron and 6-1/4” Step. The total unit
consists of a set of blades, head & bowl, and adapter sub in a variety of pin sizes
and options.

Hole Openers
Fabricated Hole Openers utilize leg and cutter sections which are strategically mounted on an
alloy center body assembly. They are manufactured with single or multiple stage cutting arrange-
ments depending on specific, individual requirements. Ample clearance is provided around the
cutters to allow efficient removal of the cuttings. Replacement cutter sections can be welded into DEMOUNTABLE
place to provide re-use of the body assembly. Available in sizes from 8” to 72” diameter.
When ordering specify soft, medium, or hard formation. Cutters are available in milled tooth or
tungsten carbide insert. When ordering give pilot hole size and top threaded connection for attach-
ment to the drill string.

Additional Products
The additional products listed are available for alternative drilling requirements or to supplement
our other products as an added service to our customers.

·Rotary Deck Bushings ·Deck Bushing Sleeves ·Tool Joint Lubricants ·Thread Protectors

7
 DRILCO INDUSTRIAL
Table of Contents
DRILCO INDUSTRIAL, INC. / BLAST HOLE
8700 Series Shock Sub...........................................................................................................................9
The Drilco Industrial Roller Stabilizer..................................................................................................10
Model 63-B Roller Stabilizer..................................................................................................................11
Welded Blade Stabilizer.........................................................................................................................11
Drill Steel................................................................................................................................................12

DRILCO INDUSTRIAL / WATER WELL / MINERAL EXPLORATION

Drill Collars.......................................................................................................................................13-14
Special Features for Drill Collars.........................................................................................................13
Drill Pipe-Upset and Flush Type..........................................................................................................14
Kellys-Square and Fluted.....................................................................................................................15
Thread Protectors.................................................................................................................................15
Lift Subs, Lift Plugs, Rotary Substitutes......................................................................................16-17
 8700 SERIES SHOCK SUB
The 8700 Series Shock Sub has been designed and proven to significantly reduce axial and torsional vibration between the rotary head
and drill string.
Shock and vibration are effectively and efficiently absorbed through a series of field-replaceable shock elements, resulting in increased
drilling rates and bit life, reduced drilling machine maintenance and improved operator comfort.
The entire unit is sealed to protect it from gearbox oil, the elements, and drilling debris.
Rebuild kits are available and the only tools needed to replace the shock absorption units are sockets, screwdrivers, and a pry bar. In
the field element replacement can be accomplished quickly, and the shock sub is returned to service in a timely manner. Materials and
manufacturing process are controlled by our Quality Assurance Department. Rotary shouldered connections are gauged by API Certi-
fied and Drilco Industrial hardened-and-ground gauges.

SPECIFICATIONS
SIZE AXIAL LOAD RANGE HP RATING @ 100 RPM WT / LBS OD TYPICAL RIG CLASS

*8730-D 15,000 - 25,000 40/80 210 10 3/4 SCHRAMM; RDC 16, 16B. special hammer applications - contact engineering

*8740 25,000 - 40,000 120/240 525 15 1/2 ROBBINS RR 10S, RR, 10HD; DRILTECH D25K, D40K; IRT4; GD25, 35, 45;
DAVEY; REEDRILL SK35/40 REICHdrill C750, T750; CHICAGO PNEUMATIC

*8750 55,000 - 80,000 215/430 860 17 7/8 BE 61R, IR DMM, DMH; DRILTECH D80K; Intermediate GARDENER DENVER,
BE 40, 45

8760 74,000 - 100,000 400/800 1400 to 1950 23 1/2 Large BE, G.D., Marion applications, DMH

NOTE: Due to the many varied applications present, the above listed rig examples are to be intended as examples only. The following
items should be taken into account before determining a shock sub size.

(a) Axial Load

(b) Bit Size (tricone, drag or hammer)
(c) Pipe OD and wall
(d) Rotary torque/single or dual motor
(e) Formation being drilled/characteristics of
(f) Angle or vertical drilling
(g) Compressor size/no of compressors/air pressure
(h) RPM
(i) Carousel present (longer neck required and if so, length)
(j) Upper and lower connections
(k) Any overall length restrictions/OD restrictions

*Available in a dual purpose design, which may be used on rotary or down-the-hole hammer applications.

8700 Series Shock Sub Rebuild Kit

9
 THE DRILCO INDUSTRIAL
ROLLER-STABILIZER
WHY USE A STABILIZER IN DRILLING A
BLAST HOLE?
For reasons of economy. To reduce the cost per ton of rock
removed, the most efficient use of expendable items such as rock
bits and drill steel must be achieved.
Rock Bits are designed to rotate about their own center. Stabiliza-
tion assures that the bit will do this and thus cause the energies
and forces exerted on it to be most efficiently utilized in an axial
direction. Lateral movement or stumbling is restricted and the hole
is produced in the direction intended. More footage per bit and
an increased penetration rate is achieved by proper utilization of
the forces applied to the bit. Dull conditions of bits give evidence
of this effective stabilization. Gauge wear is uniform and less se-
vere. Shirt-tail wear problems are reduced. The inner row cutting
structure is more uniformly worn – inner and outer flank wear is
reduced.
HOW DOES A STABILIZER AFFECT DRILL
STEEL LIFE?
Without stabilization, rough spiral bores, ledges and other un-
conformities are obtained; the possibilities of crooked hole are
enhanced. Drill steel rotating in these rough and crooked bores
scrubs and scrapes against the bore wall and thereby abrades.
WHAT TYPE OF STABILIZER IS MOST
EFFICIENT?
A stabilizer which maintains guiding elements close to hole wall
is most efficient. The conventional welded rib or cast rib stabi-
lizer does an adequate job when new and unworn, provided the
ribs are concentric. The problems with this type of stabilizer are
wear rate and maintenance cost. Rib-type stabilizers, due to their
construction, necessarily drag and scrape against the bore wall
and abrade rapidly. Due to the cost in maintaining close-to-hole
wall contact, these stabilizers are left in the drill string long after
adequate stabilization has been lost.
The major objective should be to drill a smooth bore “useful” hole
with a minimum of hole angle changes.
The most efficient stabilizer is one with true-rolling centralizers
that are in rolling contact with the bore wall. Scraping and gouging
of the guiding elements are eliminated and concentricities are
maintained. Roller-stabilizers provide adequate stabilization with-
out imposing excessive torque.

HOW DOES A STABILIZER AFFECT DRILL

AVAILABILITY?
In addition to faster penetration rate due to more efficient rock bit
performance, the smooth bore produced with adequate stabiliza-
tion permits faster rock bit and drill steel retraction from the bore
hole. Further, the smooth bore sloughs less than a rough bore.
This means that less rock particles fall to the bottom of the hole.
Redrill time required is normally eliminated or drastically reduced.

HOW DOES STABILIZER AFFECT

POWDER LOADING EFFICIENCY?
Bulk powder loading in stabilized bore holes is easier. The smooth
bore without ledges and unconformities allows more uniform
loading and better distribution of explosive in the hole. This means
more blasting efficiency and a reduction in secondary blasting.

WHAT IS MEANT BY ADEQUATE

STABILIZATION?
Unless the guiding elements of a stabilizer are very near the bore
wall, adequate stabilization of the bit is not achieved. Theoretical-
ly, the guiding elements should have the same diameter as the bit.
Unfortunately, this is not practical because of the normal attrition
of rock bit gauge wear surfaces. The stabilizer should therefore,
be held at the largest diameter practicable. Concentricity of guid-
ing elements with the axis of the bit and steel is also quite impor-
tant to proper stabilization. Eccentricities of these elements tend
to void any hope of reducing drilling costs with a stabilizer.

10
 MODEL 63-B ROLLER STABILIZER
The introduction of Drilco Industrial’s Model 63 series of Roller-
Stabilizers opened a new era in blast hole stabilization. It was the
original Roller-Stabilizer designed especially for blast hole drilling.
The elimination of maintenance time and labor costs normally re-
quired for replacement of worn components of more conventional
stabilizers resulted in wide acceptance of the Model 63-B which
provides increased torsional strength and larger air circulation
area. Increased life and reduced operating costs are achieved
with the 63-B design through the use of rollers and bearings of
the largest diameter practical within a given hold size. Rollers with
pressed-in tungsten carbide compacts, working against deeply
carburized precision honed, air-cooled bearings, assure long life.
Increased air circulation area is accomplished by the use of a
patented aero construction which conducts air through the bearing
pins to the drilling bit.
A six-point stabilizer design is available for angle hole drilling or
severe conditions where increased stabilization or minimal hole
deviation is required. This design features six tungsten carbide
studded rollers in two levels, with each level of rollers staggered
to produce maximum hole-wall contact.

HOLE SIZE (in) APPX. S/S LENGTH* (in) BODY DIAMETER (in) APPX. WEIGHT (lbs)
6 1/4 26 1/2 5 1/8 130
6 3/4 26 1/2 5 7/8 165
7 7/8 26 1/2 7 220
9 28 1/2 7 7/8 290
9 7/8 30 3/4 8 3/4 400
10 5/8 30 3/4 9 1/4 460
11 30 3/4 9 5/8 510
12 1/4 34 1/4 10 3/4 650
13 3/4 41 12 1000
15 41 13 3/4 1300

* Shoulder length varies with different wrenching configurations

CAUTION: To avoid injury, do not strike tungsten carbide with hardened steel.
* Patented Aero construction of assembly circulates air through bearings to reduce water.

When ordering please specify: 1. Hole size; 2. Drill make and model; 3. Drill pipe OD; 4. Connec-
tions and any special requirements.

STABILIZATION IN BLAST HOLE DRILLING

Drilco Industrial has long recognized the need for use of a stabilizer when drilling blast
holes. Benefits derived from the use of a stabilizer are as follows:

(1) Decreased gauge and shirttail wear of the drill bit since the stabilizer forces the
bit to drill in a straight line.

(2) Smoother hole walls make for easier loading of explosives since the blasting
agents do not tend to hang up on a rough hole wall.

(3) Smoother drill operations because the stabilizer forces the bit to drill in a straight
line, thus decreasing the vibrations caused by the drill pipe rubbing against the
hole wall and deck bushing.

When the above benefits are analyzed, the results are reduced drill bit cost, reduced
explosive cost, reduced drill pipe cost, and reduced maintenance cost on the drill. All
factors combined reduce the total cost per foot drilled.

Drilco Industrial offers the following types of stabilizers:

1. Welded Blade Stabilizers

2. Model 63B Roller Stabilizer

WELDED BLADE STABILIZERS

The welded blade stabilizer is manufactured with a body of alloy steel with steel wear
bars welded to the body and covered with hard metal. This stabilizer can have either
straight or spiral ribs and is effective in soft to medium formations which are either wet
or dry.

11
 DRILL STEEL
Drill Steel for blast hole drills is manufactured in both integral
and fabricated designs.
THE FABRICATED DRILL STEEL design features tool joints
made from steels selected specifically for each application.
All welds are made by selected shielded arc methods and are
post heated to remove residual welding stresses. Welds are ma-
chine blended to tool joint and tube and ultrasonically inspected.
Axial alignment and concentricity of the fabricated assembly are
held to a close tolerance.
Wrench slots or flats are milled to suit the requirements of the
drill. All rotary shouldered connections are treated for protection
against galling in the break-in period.
INTEGRAL DRILL STEEL is made from premium quality alloy
steel bars. Bores are trepanned to sizes that result in proper bal-
ance for the selected rotary shouldered connection. Concentricity
and axial alignment of the connections to the drill steel are held to
close machine tolerance. Wrench slots or flats are milled to suit
the requirements of the drill.
Options: 1. Step bore to reduce weight
2. O.D. Hard-facing to reduce wear rate.
A hard face application of tungsten carbide is available to protect
both fabricated and integral designs from abrasion and erosion.
DRILL STEEL: Aids to Selection
For long steel life and overall economy, the thickest wall should be
selected which is consistent with the limitations of the drill or the
operation. The resistance to buckling of steel used in compression
is a function of the wall thickness and diameter of the tube.
The initial cost of fabricated steel increases with wall thickness.
The cost of smaller diameters and shorter lengths of integral steel
compares favorably with fabricated steel.
Whenever practical, length of drill steel should be the same so
that the bottom joint which wears most rapidly can be placed at
the top for further service and also for reduced inventory burden.
Further, the following should be considered in the selection of drill
steel:
FABRICATED
DRILL STEEL
INTEGRAL
DRILL STEEL
12
1. Drill hoisting capacity
2. Size and depth of hold to be drilled
3. Volume of circulation media available
4. Makeup and breakout wrenching available
6. Transportation and handling limitations
The selection of rotary shouldered connections should be based
on the following:
1. Torsional strength required
2. Facilities available to make and break connection
3. Care and maintenance precautions practiced
4. Pin and box balance in tensile, torsional and bending strength
All popular rotary shouldered connections are available.
CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF ROTARY SHOULDERED CON-
NECTIONS
A rotary shouldered connection is a precision machined part. For
maximum service life and return on investment, proper care and
maintenance must be used. Damage in handling that is not rem-
edied before using can ruin a connection and shorten the service
life of an entire drill string. The following procedures are recom-
mended:
1. Prior to each use, clean and visually inspect
each pin and box for thread and shoulder damage.
2. Use a lubricant that is recommended for rotary
shouldered connections and apply thoroughly to all threads
and shoulder surfaces.
3. Stab the connections carefully.
4. Make-up to the recommended torque.
Caution: Avoid skin or eye contact with lubricant
Drilco Industrial representatives are available to study your needs
and help you select the proper drill steel and rotary connection for
your particular application.
 FABRICATED AND INTEGRAL DRILL STEEL BECO CONNECTIONS ARE
RECOMMENDED FOR LONG
FABRICATED DESIGN INTEGRAL DESIGN
TROUBLE FREE LIFE
O.D. (in) NOMINAL NOMINAL NOMINAL NOMINAL
WALL (in) WEIGHT/FT (lbs) I,D. (in) WEIGHT/FT (lbs) O.D (in) Recommended Beco
4 1/2 19 1 1/2 37 Connection
4 1/2 3/8 16 1 3/4 46 5 3 1/2
1/2 22 51/2 4
5 1/2 24 2 1/16 56 6 1/4 - 6 1/2 4 1/2
3/4 34 7 5 1/4
5 1/2 1/2 27 2 5/16 67
7 5/8 - 8 5/8 6
3/4 38
6 1/4 3/4 44 2 13/16 84 10 3/4 - 12 3/4 8
6 1/2 3/4 48 2 13/16 96 13 3/8 10
7 3/4 50 2 13/16 110
1 64 When ordering or requesting a quotation please specify:
7 5/8 3/4 56 2 13/16 134 1. OD size
8 5/8 1 82 3 1/4 172 2. Integral or Fabricated
1 1/2 114
3. Bore or wall thickness
9 1/4 1 88 3 1/4 202
10 3/4 1 104 4. Connections
1 1/2 148 4 3/4 250 5. Length
2 187 6. Make and Model of drill or wrench slots, description and
12 3/4 1 126 4 3/4 377 location
13 3/8 1 148 4 3/4 394
1 1/2 184
Other sizes available upon request.

DRILL COLLARS
Drill collars are heavy drill string members used as weight which num alloy steel (AISI 4145 H for smaller sizes and AISI 4145 H
forces the bit to penetrate the formation being drilled. modified analysis for larger sizes.)

All drill collars are full length heat treated to obtain the best physi- Drill collars are bored by trepanning to ensure close tolerance of
cal properties and to provide a combination of hardness, strength bore alignment. (All drill collars are drifted to API specifications
and ductility. and we are licensed to use the SPI-Spec 7 monogram.)

The collars are made from selected bars of chromium molybde-

GENERAL NOTES ON DRILCO INDUSTRIAL DRILL COLLARS

1. SURFACE FINISH
(a) “As Rolled” – This is the regular on the bar as received from 5. SPECIAL FEATURES
the mill. It is satisfactory for all nominal drill collar requirements. The following special features are also available on request:
Mill finish bars meet API specifications on O.D. tolerances. “As
Rolled” drill collars offer a savings to the user with no effect on (a) API Relief Groove on Pin or Box
performance. (b) Drilco Boreback Box

(b) “Machined” – To obtain a machined finish drill collar, 1/8” to
1/4” of steel is machined off the O.D. of the raw stock. Because of
improved mill rolling practices, expense of machining, and loss of
material, “As Rolled” collars are generally recommended.
2. LENGTH
Drilco Industrial standard water well drill collars are available in
10, 15, 20, and 30 foot lengths, or as specified.
3. BORE
Standard bores are noted in the drill collar chart. Special bores
for particular projects as well as step bores for increased joint
strength and/or improved hydraulic conditions are available at
extra cost.
6. WHEN ORDERING PLEASE SPECIFY:
(a) Outside diameter – Bore – Length
(b) Size and type of tool joint – each end of
collar – and Special joint features.
(c) Step Bore or Straight Bore
(d) Surface Finish – “As Rolled” or Machined
(e) Other special features such as elevator
and slip recesses, wrench squares, flats, slots or special
breakout configurations. Drawings with dimensions must be
supplied for all breakout configurations.
(f) The drill rig make and model with a description of the use of
the collars will help assure satisfactory field performance.

4. CONNECTIONS Caution: Safety precautions should be taken when handling drill

Standard connections are precision machined to API specifica-
tions. Additional connections such as: DI Series, Failing Explo-
ration, Mayhew, Joy Full Hole, Winter Weiss, and others are
available on request. All connections are protected by phosphate
surface coating to minimize galling during makeup. Pressed steel
or plastic thread protectors are furnished on most popular size drill
joints.
collars. If a lift-type thread protector is used, do not exceed the
maximum lifting load capacity for a given size and type. (Check
load rating page 15). When lifting heavy collars vertically, we rec-
ommend the use of heavy-duty lift plugs or lift subs, and be sure
they are shouldered up.

13
 STANDARD SIZES, BORES AND CONNECTORS FOR DRILCO
INDUSTRIAL DRILL COLLARS
STANDARD LENGTHS OF 10, 15, 20, 25 AND 30 FEET
ARE AVAILABLE OR SPECIAL LENGTHS AS SPECIFIED

DRILL COLLAR OUTSIDE DIAMETER BORE INCHES BENDING STRENGTH APPX. WEIGHT OF
NUMBER* OR SIZE & INCHES MINIMUM TOLERANCE + 1/16-0 RATIO DRILL COLLARS
STYLE LBS/FT
NC 26-35 (2 3/8 IF) 3 1/2 1 1/2 2.42:1 26.7
NC 31-41 (2 7/8) 4 1/8 2 2.43:1 34.7
NC 35-47 4 3/4 2 2.58:1 49.6
NC 38-50 (3 1/2 IF) 5 2 1/4 2.38:1 53.3
NC 44-60 6 2 1/4 2.49:1 82.6
NC 44-60 6 2 13/16 2.84:1 75.9
NC 44-62 6 1/4 2 1/4 2.91:1 90.5
NC 46-62 (4 IF) 6 1/4 2 13/16 2.63:1 83.8
NC 46-65 (4 IF) 6 1/2 2 1/4 2.76:1 99.5
NC 46-65 (4 IF) 6 1/2 2 13/16 3.05:1 92.8
NC 46-67 (4 IF) 6 3/4 2 1/4 3.18:1 108
NC 50-70 ( 4 1/2 IF) 7 2 1/4 2.54:1 117
NC 50-70 ( 4 1/2 IF) 7 2 13/16 2.73:1 111
NC 50-72 ( 4 1/2 IF) 7 1/4 2 13/16 3.12:1 120
NC 56-77 7 3/4 2 13/16 2.70:1 140
NC 56-80 8 2 13/16 3.02:1 151
6 5/8 Reg 8 1/4 2 13/16 2.93:1 162
NC 61-90 9 2 13/16 3.17:1 196
7 5/8 Reg 9 1/2 3 2.81:1 217
NC 70-79 9 3/4 3 2.57:1 230
NC 70-100 10 3 2.81:1 243
8 5/8 Reg 11 3 2.78:1 299

* The drill collar consists of NC (Number Connection), a two digit number indicating the pitch diameter of the connection in units and
tenths, a 2 or 3 digit number consisting of the outside diameter in units and tenths. The size and style in parentheses indicate
connections.
** Low torque face.

INERTIA WELD DRILL PIPE

Drilco Industrial drill pipe is manufactured to specifications estab-
lished specifically for water well and mineral exploration drilling
requirements. Available with either flush O.D. or elevator shoul-
dered tool joints, standard recommended sizes are shown in the
charts.
Tool joints are made from high quality alloy steel, heat-treated to
obtain the best physical properties in a combination of hardness,
strength and ductility by exacting control during quenching and
tempering operations. Machine operations are performed in a se-
quence that assures close tolerance concentricity and alignment
of the O.D., I.D. and threads. Each machine operation is checked
by quality assurance technicians. The final check being made of
the thread, lead, pitch, taper and shoulder stand-off using fre-
quently calibrated precision gages. Thread and shoulder surfaces
are then treated with a phosphate coating to minimize galling on
the initial makeup of the connection. Tool joints are attached to
the pipe or tubing by inertia welding.
The combination of elevator shouldered tool joints to plain end
tubing is also available for limited service requirements. Other
customer options include square or 18” elevator shoulders and
tungsten carbide hard banding for O.D. wear resistance.

FLUSH OD DRILL PIPE

FLUSH OD DRILL PIPE SIZES
Tube Appreciated Weight/Piece Length
OD WALL GRADE WEIGHT RECOMMENDED ID
(in) (in) (lbs/ft) CONNECTION (in) 15 20 25 30
2 3/8 .280 D 6.26 N-ROD 1 110 135 ---- ----
2 7/8 .362 D 9.72 2 3/8 MAYHEW JR. 1 1/2 150 205 ---- ----
3 1/2 .368 D 12.31 2 3/8 IF 1 3/4 210 270 330 390
4 .330 D 12.93 3 1/2 REGULAR 1 1/2 230 295 360 425
4 1/2 .337 D 14.98 2 7/8 IF 2 1/8 265 340 415 490
5 .362 D 17.83 3 1/2 IF 2 11/16 310 400 490 580
5 1/2 .415 D 22.54 4 FH 2 13/16 400 510 625 735

Other popular connections, tubing dimensions, grade and/or (2) Class or Grade Tubing
special combinations are available to accommodate cus- (3) Tubing Dimensions (Outside Diameter,
tomer requirements. Wall Thickness, Weight Per Foot)
(4) Tool Joint Connections (Size and Type)
When ordering or requesting please specify: (5) Drill Pipe Length
(6) Special Features
(1) Drill Pipe Type (Flush OD or Elevator Shouldered)

14
 ROTARY KELLYS
Drilco Industrial Kellys are made from and AISI 4145 H modified strength and ductility. All ends and center drive sections are ma-
alloy bar. The bar is full length heat treated to obtain the best chined. All Kellys are precision bored on a trepanner to provide
physical properties and to provide a combination of hardness, true bore and are drifted to API SPECIFICATIONS.

FLUTED KELLYS
X Y
H

120° G
TYP.

F
E
6” WORKING LENGTH — B ± 2” 6”

A ± 2”

ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES

SIZE FLUTE STANDARD
O.D. BORE RECOMMENDED BOTTOM APPX
(+ 3/64 - 1/64) + 1/16 - 0 LENGTH TOP CONNECTION WIDTH RADIUS WT/FT
(E) (F) (A/B) CONNECTION* (X) (Y) (G) (H) (LBS)

3 1 1/2 2 3/8 REG 3/4 3/8 18

3 5/16 1 5/8 SPECIFY 2 3/8 IF RIGHT HAND OR LEFT HAND RIGHT 3/4 3/8 21
3 3/8 1 3/4 OVERALL 2 3/3 IF HAND 1 1/2 22
3 3/4 1 3/4 LENGTH 2 7/8 REG CONNECTION 1 1/2 29
4 1/8 2 AND/ OR 2 7/8 IF AS 1 1/2 35
4 1/4 2 REQUIRED 2 7/8 IF SPECIFIED 1 1/2 28
4 1/2 2 WORKING 2 7/8 IF BY 1 1/2 43
4 5/8 2 1/4 LENGTH (B) 3 1/2 FH CUSTOMER 1 1/4 5/8 44
4 3/4 2 1/4 3 1/2 IF 1 1/4 5/8 47
5 2 1/2 3 1/2 IF 1 1/4 5/8 50
5 1/4 2 1/2 4 FH 1 1/4 5/8 57
5 3/4 3 4 IF 1 1/2 3/4 64

When ordering, please specify:

1. Type Kelly fluted 5. Top connection

2. Nominal size & length 6. Bottom connection
3. Required working length 7. If shipping scabbard is desired
4. Bore 8. Flute width and radius
ACCESSORIES
THREAD PROTECTORS PIN PROTECTOR BOX PROTECTOR
CONNECTION PART NO. MAX LIFTING WT PART NO. MAX LIFTING WT
HEAVY DUTY CAST STEEL WITH TYPE & SIZE CASTING LOADS (LBS) EACH CASTING LOADS (LBS) EACH
LIFTING BAILS 033125-001
NC-23 1500 15 034522-001 2500 14
2 3/8 REG 033124-001 1500 15 034520-001 2500 20
Made from steel castings meeting ASTM NC-26 2 2/8 IF 033122-001 1500 12 034523-001 2500 15
NC-31 2 7/8 IF 032969-001 2500 35 034524-001 2500 17
Spec. No. A27 Grade 60-30 (60,000) psi 2 7/8 XH 032972-001 2500 21 034526-001 2500 20
3 1/2 REG 033121-001 2500 19 034519-001 2500 25
tensile - 30,000 psi yield), with heavy duty NC-35 032986-001 2500 034525-001 2500 19
12
bails. Threads and shoulders are precision NC-38 3 1/2 IF 033622-001 4000 34 034502-001 4000 25
3 1/2 XH 032987-001 2500 18 034527-001 2500 20
machined. 3 1/2 H90 033132-001 4000 32 034510-001 4000 25
NC-40 4FH 033127-001 4000 32 034513-001 4000 25
4 H90 032984-001 4000 27 034511-001 4000 25
4 1/2 REG 032981-001 4000 30 034509-001 4000 25
NC-44 032982-001 4000 25 034503-001 4000 25
NC-46 4 IF 4 1/2 XH 033131-001 4000 25 034504-001 4000 25
4 1/2 FH 032983-001 4000 25 034514-001 4000 25
4 1/2 H90 033131-001 4000 26 034512-001 4000 25
5 H90 039599-001 4000 25 039600-001 4000 20
5 1/2 REG 033135-001 7000 034538-001 6500 39
PIN BOX 5 1/2H90 033142-001 7000
50
50 034536-001 6500 39
PROTECTORS NC-50 4 1/2 IF 033136-001
032957-001
7000 50 034540-001 6500 39
5 1/2 FH 7000 37 034541-001 6500 30
6 5/8 REG 033138-001 7000 36 034537-001 6500 39
6 5/8 H-90 033139-001 7000 35 034533-001 6500 39
When ordering please specify: NC-56 032960-001 7000 40 034539-001 6500 39
7 5/8 H-90 033137-001 7000 33 034534-001 6500 39
NC-61 033140-001 7000 35 034535-001 6500 39
1. Drill collar diameter 7 REG 033149-001 12500 95 034552-001 10000 71
2. Drill collar joint size 8 5/8 REG 032990-001 12500 75 034549-001 10000 65
8 5/8 H-90 033025-001 12500 65 034545-001 10000 62
NC-77 032991-001 12500 74 034547-001 10000 65

15
 PLASTIC THREAD PROTECTORS
MEDIUM DUTY Drilco Industrial Plastic Thread Protectors are
MALLEABLE IRON LIGHT DUTY PRESSED STEEL excellent, durable and low cost protection for
(Without Lifting Bail) (No Lifting Bail) your threads during shipping and storage of
your drill system components.

PIN BOX PIN BOX PIN BOX

PROTECTORS PROTECTORS PROTECTORS

For shipping and storing drill stem

For large size connections components at warehouse or on the rig

Drill Pin Box Wt. STOCKING SIZES STOCKING SIZES

Collar Connection Protector Protector Per
Size O.D. Type Wt. Wt. Set
9” -10” 7 5/8 REG 21.5 11.5 33.0 2 3/8 IF 2 3/8 REG 3 1/2 FH 3 1/2 HX 3 1/2 H90 2 3/8” HUGHES SLIMLINE H-90
7 5/8 H90 20.0 14.0 34.0 2 7/8” API INTERNAL FLUSH
2 7/8 IF 2 1/2 REG 4 FH 4 1/2 XH 4 H90
NC 70 21.0 13.5 34.5 3 1/2” EXTRA HOLE
10”- 11” 8 5/8 REG 27.0 13.5 40.5 3 1/2 IF 3 1/2 REG 4 1/2 FH 4 1/2 H90
3 1/2” API INTERNAL FLUSH
8 5/8 H90 25.0 17.0 42.0 4 IF 4 1/2 REG 5 1/2 FH 5 H90
NC 77 26.5 14.0 40.5 4 1/2” API FULL HOLE
4 1/2 IF 5 1/2 REG 6 5/8 FH 5 1/2 H90 4” API INTERNAL FLUSH (4 1/2” xH)
5 1/2 IF 6 5/8 REG 6 5/8 H90 4 1/2” API INTERNAL FLUSH (5” xH)

LIFT SUBS SOLID STOCK TYPE NS

HEAVY DUTY LIFT SUB-TYPE NS
Size Range
One piece construction machined (Drill Collar Appx. Weight
from single piece of AISI 4145 Size A) (lbs)
alloy steel stock to dimensions
3 1/2 - 3 7/8 40
shown.
4 - 4 3/8 50
When ordering, please specify: 4 1/2 - 4 7/8 84
5 - 5 3/8 88
5 1/2 - 5 7/8 120
1. Drill Collar OD - (A) 6 - 6 3/8 150
2. Tool Joint OD - (B) tapered or square shoulder 6 1/2 - 6 7/8 168
3. Drill Pipe OD - (C) 7 - 7 3/8 169
4. Drill Collar Connecting Size (D) 7 1/2 - 7 7/8 242
5. Bore (E) 8 - 8 3/8 257
8 1/2 - 8 7/8 280
9 - 9 3/8 305
*For a box in top of lift sub add 6” to overall length. 9 1/2 - 9 7/8 320
10 - 333
Caution: All lift subs should be made up to recom- 11 1/4 - 368
mended connection torque before being used to lift
drilling string.

Size Range
(Drill Collar Appx. Weight
Size A) (lbs)
LIFT PLUGS
3 1/2 - 3 7/8 35
Threaded section made from AISI 4 - 4 3/8 40
4145 heat treated alloy stock. 4 1/2 - 4 7/8 50
5 - 5 3/8 58
Center section bored out to reduce 5 1/2 - 5 7/8 70
weight. 6 - 6 3/8 82
6 1/2 - 6 7/8 90
7 - 7 3/8 100
When ordering, please specify:
7 1/2 - 7 7/8 118
8 - 8 3/8 128
1. Drill Collar OD - (A) 8 1/2 - 8 7/8 132
2. Lift Plate OD - (B) 9 - 9 3/8 150
9 1/2 - 9 7/8 165
3. Drill Collar 10 - 178
Connection Size - (C) 11 1/4 - 245

16
 ROTARY SUBSTITUTES
Drilco Industrial Rotary Subs are machined from quality AISI 4145H alloy steel. All threads are precision machined and protected by a
phosphate surface coating after machining to prevent galling on initial makeup.

Rotary subs are used where threads of one size or type must be coupled together with threads of another size or type. Other subs are
used as wear prevention at connection points that are frequently made up and broken out, such as Kelly Saver Subs.

If you desire subs with special configurations, send drawings and specifications when requesting a quotation.

When ordering, please specify: 5. Size and type of connections

pin or box
On all subs ordered:
1. Give subs use, example: On reduced section subs, give
Kelly sub this additional information:
X - over drill pipe to drill collars 1. Diameter of reduced section
X - over drill collar to drill collar 2. Length of reduced section
Bit sub, etc.
2. Overall length On bit subs give:
3. Largest diameter 1. Float size (If desired)
4. Bore

17
 TOOLTECH, INC.
Table of Contents
TOOLTECH, INC.
Drill Pipe for Portable Rotary Rigs......................................................................................................19
Elevated Shoulder Drill Pipe................................................................................................................20
 DRILL PIPE FOR PORTABLE
ROTARY RIGS
At Tooltech, Inc., we produce drill pipe for portable rotary rigs in the water well, mining, construction,
environmental, oil and gas drilling industries. We have combined a team of experienced people,
utilizing their expertise with the latest technology to meet the highest standards of quality assurance.
We are dedicated to providing you with a single item or a complete drill string in the shortest delivery
time within the industry, virtually anywhere in the world.

We start by purchasing (in accordance with Tooltech specified chemistry and physical properties) the
finest quality seamless tubing available from industry recognized steel mills. Tool joints are manufac-
tured on the site from heat treated alloy steel ordered under strict Tooltech specifications.

Using the latest CNC equipment available, all tool joints are precisely machined to API specifications,
and each joint must pass rigid quality control inspections. By checking thread lead, taper, pitch, and
form along with gauging every joint, we assure interchangeability on site during actual drilling opera-
tions. Threads and shoulder faces are treated to provide corrosion resistance and lubricating prop-
erties to help prevent galling during the initial break-in period. Hard banding of the tool joints is also
available.

In-house upsetting gives us the flexibility and versatility to satisfy your complete range of require-
ments for internal, external, and internal/external upset pipe. The upset provides a greater wall thick-
ness and weld surface area at the point where the mid-body tube is jointed to the alloy tool joint. The
resulting configuration provides the necessary gradual transition of forces from the pipe, through the
weld area, into the tool joint. Tooltech also offers plain end drill pipe for your rotary drilling needs.

Inertia welding, when applicable, is the best method of joining tool joints to drill pipe. Technically
speaking, “space age” inertia welding is an autogenous welding process in which heat for coales-
cence is produced by direct conversion of mechanical energy to thermal energy at the joint interface.
The mechanical energy is generated by the sliding-action friction between the rotating or rubbing
surfaces at the point of the weld interface. Plainly speaking, inertia welding produces a uniform, fine-
grained, clean, high quality, stronger weldment without the injection of filler material.

Finishing provides the final high-quality touch. All weld areas are properly heat treated to restore the
physical and metallurgical properties affected during inertia welding. Tooltech machines and grinds
the weld areas. With final inspection of the weld zone for defects, the most reliable method of attach-
ing tool joints to pipe is complete.

19
 ELEVATOR SHOULDERED DRILL PIPE UPSET TUBING

Note: When drill pipe is racked or transported in the field, Tooltech recommends that pin and box protectors be used to prevent damage
to the threaded connections.

* Refer to API RP7G for additional “Recommended Practice For Drill Stem Design and Operating Limits.”

EXTERNAL UPSET DRILL PIPE

TOOL JOINT DRILL PIPE
TONG LENGTH
OD ID PIN BOX OD WALL WEIGHT APPX. WT/ PIECE
CONNECTION (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (lbs/ft) RANGE 1 RANGE 2

NC-26 (2 3/8 IF) 3 3/8 1 3/4 7 8 2 3/8 .280 6.65 160 225
NC-31 (2 7/8 IF) 4 1/8 2 1/8 7 9 2 7/8 .362 10.40 250 350
NC-38 (3 1/2 IF) 4 3/4 2 11/16 8 10 1/2 3 1/2 .368 13.30 320 450
NC-46 (4” IF) 6 3 1/4 7 10 4 .330 14.00 380 520
NC-50 (4 1/2 IF) 6 3/8 3 3/4 7 10 4 1/2 .337 16.60 4.0 585

INTERNAL UPSET DRILL PIPE

TOOL JOINT DRILL PIPE
TONG LENGTH
OD ID PIN BOX OD WALL WEIGHT APPX. WT/ PIECE
CONNECTION (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (lbs/ft) RANGE 1 RANGE 2

NC-40 (4” FH) 5 1/4 2 13/16 7 10 4 .330 14.00 350 490

4 1/2 FH 5 3/4 3 7 10 4 1/2 .337 16.60 420 590

INTERNAL-EXTERNAL UPSET DRILL PIPE

TOOL JOINT DRILL PIPE
TONG LENGTH
OD ID PIN BOX OD WALL WEIGHT APPX. WT/ PIECE
CONNECTION (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (lbs/ft) RANGE 1 RANGE 2

NC-46 (4 “IF) 6 1/4 3 1/4 7 10 4 1/2 .337 16.60 440 605

NC-50 (4 1/2) IF 6 3/8 3 3/4 7 20 5 .362 19.50 490 685
5 1/2 IF 7 4 7 10 5 1/2 .361 21.00 560 780

20
 TECHNICAL DATA
& MISCELLANEOUS
Table of Contents
TECHNICAL DATA AND MISCELLANEOUS
Air Velocity Chart..................................................................................................................................22
Tips for Top Performance.....................................................................................................................23
Drill String Components.......................................................................................................................23
Torque for Drill Collars.........................................................................................................................24
U.S. and Metric System Equivalents...................................................................................................25
Telephone Numbers & Addresses.......................................................................................................25
AIR VELOCITY CHART
For determination of drill steel diameter for ad-
equate bailing-given compressor output (at oper-
ating pressure) and hole size

Chart is based on equation Q=AV

Where Q=Quantity of air input to drill steel (cubic
ft. per minute)

A=Annular area between drill steel and

wall of drilled hole in square feet

V=Velocity of air traveling between

drill steel and wall of drilled hole
in feet per minute

Uphole bailing velocities of 5,000 fpm are desired, minimum of 3,000 fpm to a maximum of 7,000 fpm
are generally considered adequate.

EXAMPLE: What drill steel diameter is required to give 5000 fpm bailing velocity in 9 7/8” hole with
1000 cfm air available? Starting with 1000 on the left side of the chart and traveling to the right to
the 5000 fpm line in the column marked 9 7/8” on the bottom line of the chart, we find an intersection
between the 7 and 8 vertical lines or approximately 7 3/4” drill diameter is required.
22
 TIPS FOR TOP PERFORMANCE
1. The suggested bit down pressure and rotational speeds in this
catalog are guidelines. Best performance is achieved at the drill-
ing site through testing along these basic guidelines.
2. Drill steel should be straight with properly maintained threaded
connections. Bent drill steel could drastically reduce drilling per-
formance and bit life.
3. Care should be used when attaching or removing the bit from
the drill steel.
4. Tool joint lubricants are recommended for the threaded con-
nections and shoulder of the drill steel and bits. These lubricants
reduce friction, help prevent thread galling, and ease the make-up
and break-out operation while adding or removing joints of drill
steel.
5. Make sure air valves are open before starting to drill and keep
the air on until the bit is out of the hole.
SAMPLE OF
DRILL STRING COMPONENTS
23
6. A new bit should be broken in by drilling with reduced down
pressure and rotational speed for a short period.
7. Guard against dropping the bit and drill steel to the bottom of
the hole. This impact can result in serious damage to the bit.
8. In wet holes, maintain as high a pressure drop as possible
across the bit to ensure adequate cleaning and to avoid stoppag-
es within the air courses of the bit which may result in premature
bearing failure.
9. Inspect the bit regularly after drilling the hold to assess
impending failure or damage. Cone temperatures should be
uniform. Otherwise, obstructed air courses and potential bearing
failure may be indicated.
10. Before an idle period, the bit may be cleaned by opening the
air valves and rotating the cutters by hand. Make certain the cut-
ters turn freely before re-using the bit after an idle period.
 _______________________________WATER WELL AND MINERAL EXPLORATION DRILLING TOOLS

MINIMUM RECOMMENDED MAKE-UP TORQUE FOR DRILL COLLARS (FT. LBS.)

MEMBER

MEMBER
+ WEAK

+ WEAK
CONNECTION BORE OF DRILL COLLAR INCHES CONNECTION BORE OF DRILL COLLAR INCHES
SIZE TYPE OD 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 1-3/4 2 2-1/4 2-1/2 213/16 3 SIZE TYPE OD 2-1/4 2-1/2 2-13/16 3 3-1/4 3-1/2 3-3/4
API NC 23 3 2,500 2,500 2,500 BOX 4-1/2 API IF or 6-1/4 22,800 22,800 22,800 22,800 22,800 BOX
3-1/8 3,300 3,300 2,600 PIN API NC 50 or 6-1/2 29,500 29,500 29,500 29,500 26,500 PIN
3-1/4 4,000 3,400 2,600 PIN 5 EXTRA HOLE 6-3/4 36,000 35,500 32,000 30,000 26,500 PIN
2-3/8 PAC 3 3,800 3,800 2,900 PIN 5 MOD OPEN or 7 38,000 35,500 32,000 30,000 26,500 PIN
(SEE NOTE 4) 3-1/8 4,900 4,200 2,900 PIN 5-1/2 DBL STREAMLINE 7-1/4 38,000 35,500 32,000 30,000 26,500 PIN
3-1/4 5,200 4,200 2,900 PIN 5 or SEMI-IF
2-3/8 API IF or 3-1/2 4,600 4,600 3,700 PIN 5-1/2 API FULL HOLE 7 32,500 32,500 32,500 32,500 BOX
API N 26 or 3-7/8 5,500 4,700 3,700 PIN 7-1/4 40,500 40,500 40,500 40,500 BOX
2-7/8 SLIM HOLE 7-1/2 49,000 47,000 45,000 41,500 PIN
2-7/8 EXTRA HOLE or 3-3/4 4,100 4,100 4,100 BOX 7-3/4 51,000 47,000 45,000 41,500 PIN
3-1/2 DBL STREAMLINE 3-7/8 5,300 5,300 5,300 BOX API NC 56 7-1/4 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 BOX
2-7/8 or MOD OPEN 4-7/8 8,000 8,000 7,400 7-1/2 48,500 48,000 45,000 42,000 PIN
2-7/8 API IF or 3-7/8 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,600 BOX 7-3/4 51,000 48,000 45,000 42,000 PIN
API NC 31 or 4-1/8 7,300 7,300 7,300 6,800 PIN 8 51,000 48,000 45,000 42,000 PIN
3-1/2 SLIM HOLE 4-1/4 8,800 8,800 8,100 6,800 PIN 6-5/8 API REGULAR 7-1/2 46,000 46,000 46,000 46,000 PIN
4-1/2 10,000 9,300 8,100 6,800 PIN 7-3/4 55,000 53,000 50,000 47,000 PIN
API NC 35 4-1/2 8,900 8,900 8,900 7,400 PIN 8 57,000 53,000 50,000 47,000 PIN
4-3/4 12,100 10,800 9,200 7,400 PIN 8-1/4 57,000 53,000 50,000 47,000 PIN
5 12,100 10,800 9,200 7,400 PIN 6-5/8 H-90 7-1/2 46,000 46,000 46,000 46,000 BOX
3-1/2 EXTRA HOLE or 4-1/4 5,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 BOX (See Note 3) 7-3/4 55,000 55,000 53,000 49,500 PIN
4 SLIM HOLE or 4-1/2 8,400 8,400 8,400 8,200 PIN 8 59,500 56,000 53,000 49,500 PIN
3-1/2 MOD OPEN 4-3/4 11,900 11,700 10,000 8,200 PIN 8-1/4 59,500 56,000 53,000 49,500 PIN
5 13,200 11,700 10,000 8,200 PIN API NC 61 8 54,000 54,000 54,000 54,000 BOX
5-1/4 13,200 11,700 10,000 8,200 PIN 8-1/4 64,000 64,000 64,000 61,000 PIN
3-1/2 API IF or 4-3/4 9,900 9,900 99,00 9,900 8300 PIN 8-1/2 72,000 68,000 65,000 61,000 PIN
API NC 38 or 5 13,800 13,800 12,800 10,900 8300 PIN 8-3/4 72,000 68,000 65,000 61,000 PIN
4-1/2 SLIM HOLE 5-1/4 16,000 14,600 12,800 10,900 8300 PIN 5-1/2 API-IF 8 56,000 56,000 56,000 56,000 56,000 BOX
5-1/2 16,000 14,600 12,800 10,900 8300 PIN 8-1/4 66,000 66,000 66,000 63,000 59,000 PIN
3-1/2 H-90 4-3/4 8,700 8,700 8,700 8,700 8700 BOX 8-1/2 74,000 70,000 67,000 63,000 59,000 PIN
(See Note 3) 5 12,700 12,700 12,700 12,700 10400 PIN 8-3/4 74,000 70,000 67,000 63,000 59,000 PIN
5-1/4 16,900 16,700 15,000 13,100 10400 PIN 9 74,000 70,000 67,000 63,000 59,000 PIN
5-1/2 18,500 16,700 15,000 13,100 10400 PIN 9-1/4 74,000 70,000 67,000 63,000 59,000 PIN
4 FULL HOLE or 5 10,800 10,800 10,800 10,800 10800 BOX 6-5/8 API FULL HOLE 8-1/2 67,000 67,000 67,000 67,000 66,500 PIN
API NC 40 or 5-1/4 15,100 15,100 15,100 14,800 12100 PIN 8-3/4 78,000 78,000 76,000 72,000 66,500 PIN
4 MOD OPEN or 5-1/2 19,700 18,600 16,900 14,800 12100 PIN 9 83,000 80,000 76,000 72,000 66,500 PIN
4-1/2 DBL STREAMLINE 5-3/4 20,400 18,600 16,900 14,800 12100 PIN 9-1/4 83,000 80,000 76,000 72,000 66,500 PIN
6 20,400 18,600 16,900 14,800 12100 PIN 9-1/2 83,000 80,000 76,000 72,000 66,500 PIN
4 H-90 5-1/4 12,500 12,500 12,500 12500 BOX API NC 70 9 75,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 BOX
(See Note 3) 5-1/2 17,300 17,300 17,300 16500 PIN 9-1/4 88,000 88,000 88,000 88,000 88,000 BOX
5-3/4 22,300 21,500 19,400 16500 PIN 9-1/2 101,000 101,000 100,000 95,000 90,000 PIN
6 23,500 21,500 19,400 16500 PIN 9-3/4 107,000 105,000 100,000 95,000 90,000 PIN
6-1/4 23,500 21,500 19,400 16500 PIN 10 107,000 105,000 100,000 95,000 90,000 PIN
4-1/2 API REGULAR 5-1/2 15,400 15,400 15,400 15400 BOX 10-1/4 107,000 105,000 100,000 95,000 90,000 PIN
5-3/4 20,300 20,300 19,400 16200 PIN API NC 77 10 107,000 107,000 107,000 107,000 BOX
6 23,400 21,600 19,400 16200 PIN 10-1/4 122,000 122,000 122,000 122,000 BOX
6-1/4 23,400 21,600 19,400 16200 PIN 10-1/2 138,000 138,000 133,000 128,000 PIN
API NC 44 5-3/4 20,600 20,600 20,600 18000 PIN 10-3/4 143,000 138,000 133,000 128,000 PIN
6 25,000 23,300 21,200 18000 PIN 11 143,000 138,000 133,000 128,000 PIN
6-1/4 2,500 23,300 21,200 18000 PIN
6-1/2 2,500 23,300 21,200 18000 PIN CONNECTIONS WITH FULL FACE
4-1/2 API FULL HOLE 5-1/2 12,900 12,900 12,900 12900 12900 BOX 7 H-90 8 53,000 53,000 53,000 53,000 BOX
5-3/4 17,900 17,900 17,900 17900 17700 PIN (See Note 3) 8-1/4 63,000 63,000 63,000 50,500 PIN
6 23,300 23,300 22,800 19800 17700 PIN 7-5/8 API REGULAR *8-1/2 71,500 68,500 65,000 60,500 PIN
6-1/4 27,000 25,000 22,800 19800 17700 PIN 8-1/2 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 BOX
6-1/2 27,000 25,000 22,800 19800 17700 PIN 8-3/4 71,000 71,000 71,000 71,000 BOX
4-1/2 EXTRA HOLE or 5-3/4 17,600 17,600 17600 17600 PIN 9 83,000 83,000 79,000 74,000 PIN
API NC 46 or 6 23,200 23,200 22200 20200 PIN 9-1/4 88,000 83,000 79,000 74,000 PIN
4 API IF or 6-1/4 28,000 25,500 22200 20200 PIN *9-1/2 88,000 83,000 79,000 74,000 PIN
4-1/2 SEMI IF or 6-1/2 28,000 25,500 22200 20200 PIN 7-5/8 H-90 9 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 BOX
5 DBL STREAMLINE 6-3/4 28,000 25,500 22200 20200 PIN (See Note 3) 9-1/4 85,500 85,500 85,500 85,500 BOX
4-1/2 or MOD OPEN *9-1/2 98,000 98,000 98,000 95,500 PIN
4-1/2 H-90 5-3/4 17,600 17,600 17600 17600 BOX 8-5/8 API REGULAR 10 108,000 108,000 108,000 108,000 BOX
(See Note 3) 6 23,400 23,400 23000 21000 PIN 10-1/4 123,000 123,000 123,000 123,000 PIN
6-1/4 28,500 26,000 23000 21000 PIN *10-1/2 139,000 134,000 129,000 123,000 PIN
6-1/2 28,500 26,000 23000 21000 PIN 8-5/8 H-90 10-1/4 125,000 112,500 112,500 112,500 BOX
6-3/4 28,500 26,000 23000 21000 PIN (See Note 3) *10-1/2 128,500 128,500 128,500 128,500 BOX
5 H-90 6-1/4 25,000 25,000 25000 25000 BOX
(See Note 3) 6-1/2 31,500 31,500 29500 27000 PIN
6-3/4 35,000 33,000 29500 27000 PIN CONNECTIONS WITH LOW TORQUE FACE
5-1/2 H-90 7 35,000 33,000 29500 27000 PIN 7 H-90 8-3/4 67,500 67,500 66,500 62,000 PIN
(See Note 3) 6-3/4 34,000 34,000 34000 34000 PIN (See Note 3) 9 74,000 71,000 66,500 62,000 PIN
7 41,500 40,000 36500 34000 PIN 7-5/8 API REGULAR 9-1/4 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 BOX
7-1/4 42,500 40,000 36500 34000 PIN 9-1/2 85,000 85,000 82,000 77,000 PIN
5-1/2 API REGULAR 7-1/2 42,500 40,000 36500 34000 PIN 9-3/4 91,000 87,000 82,000 77,000 PIN
6-3/4 31,500 31,500 31500 31500 BOX 10 91,000 87,000 82,000 77,000 PIN
7 39,000 39,000 36000 33500 PIN 7-5/8 H-90 9-3/4 91,000 91,000 91,000 91,000 BOX
7-1/4 42,000 39,500 36000 33500 PIN (See Note 3) 10 105,000 105,000 103,500 98,000 PIN
7-1/2 42,000 39,500 36000 33500 PIN 10-1/4 112,500 108,000 103,500 98,000 PIN
10-1/2 112,500 108,000 103,500 98,000 PIN
8-5/8 API REGULAR 10-3/4 112,000 112,000 112,000 112,000 BOX
11 129,000 129,900 129,000 129,000 BOX
8-5/8 H-90 10-3/4 92,000 92,500 92,500 92,500 BOX
(See Note 3) 11 11,0000 110,000 110,000 110,000 BOX
11-1/4 12,8000 128,000 128,000 128,000 BOX
(1) Basis of calculations for recommended makeup torque assumed the use of a thread compound contain- (3) H-90 connection makeup torque based on 56,250 PSI stress and other factors as stated in Note (1)
ing 40-60% by weight of finely powdered metallic since or 60% by weight of finely powdered metallic lead
applied thoroughly to all threads and shoulders and using the Modified Jack Screw Formula as shown in (4) 2-7/8 PAC makeup torque based on 87,500 PSI stress and other factors as stated in Note (1)
the IADC Tool Pusher’s Manual, Sec. B. 1, p. 7 and API RP 7G, Fifth Edition, April, 1974, Appendix A, Sec. A.B.,
and a unit stress of 62,500 PSI in the box or pin, whichever is weaker. *Largest diameter shown is the maximum recommended for these full faces connections. If larger diam-
eters are used, machine connections with low torque faces and use the torque values shown under low
(2) Normal torque range- Tabulated minimum value to 10% greater. Largest diameter shown for each con- torque face tables. If low torque faces are not used, see Note (2) for increased torque values.
nection is the maximum recommended for that connection. If connections are used on drill collars larger
than the maximum shown, increase the torque values shown by 10% for a minimum value. In addition Notation in this column indicates cross section area (3/4” from base on pin or 3/8” from shoulder on box) is
to the increased torque value, it is also recommended that a finishing neck machined to the maximum smaller on the member indicated.
diameter shown.
24
 LENGTH EQUIVALENTS
WATER WELL 1
UNIT

Millimeter =
Millime-
ters
Centi-
meters Inches Feet Yards Meters

AND MINERAL
1 .1 .03937 .003281 .001094 .001
1 Centimeter = 10 1 .3937 .032808 .010936 .01
1 Inch = 25.4001 2.54001 1 .083333 .027778 .025400
1 Foot = 304.801 30.4801 12 1 .333333 .304801

EXPLORATION 1
1
Yard =
Meter =
914.402
1000
91.4402
100
36 3
39.37 3.28083
1
1.09361
.914402
1

DRILLING 1
1
Rod =
UNIT

Furlong =
Feet
16.5
Yards Meters Rods Furlongs
5.5 5.02921 1
Miles
(Statute)
.025 (1/40) .003125 (1/320)

TOOLS
660 220 201.168 40 1 .125 (1/8)
1 Mile (Statute) = 5280 1760 1609.35 320 8 1
1 Nautical Mile = 6080.2 feet = 1.15155 statute miles = 1/3 league
1 Light Year = 5.879 trillion miles = 9.46 trillion kilmoeters

METRIC SYSTEM
LENGTH: WEIGHT EQUIVALENTS
10 decimeters (dm) UNIT Grains Grams Ounces Ounces Pounds Pounds Kilograms
1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm) (Troy) (Avoir.) (Troy) (Avoir.)
1,000 millimeters (mm) 1 Grain = 1 .064799 .002083 .002286 .000174 .000143 .000065
1 Gram = 15.4324 1 .032151 .035274 .002679 .002205 .001
1 Ounce (Troy) = 480 31.1035 1 1.09714 .083333 .068571 .031104
1 decameter (dkm) = 10 meters (m) 1 Ounce (Avoir.) = 437.5 28.3495 .911458 1 .075955 .0625 .028350
1 hectometer (hm) = 100 meters (m) 1 Pound (Troy) = 5760 373.242 12 13.1657 1 .822857 .373242
1 Pound (Avoir.) = 7000 453.592 14.5833 16 1.21528 1 .453592
1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 (m) 1 Kilogram = 15432.4 1000 32.1507 35.2740 2.67923 2.20462 1

Pounds Pounds Metric Net (Short)

WEIGHT: UNIT Kilograms Gross
(Troy) (Avoir.) Tons Tons (Long) Tons
10 decigrams (dg) 1 Metric Ton = 1000 2679.23 2204.62 1 1.10231 .984206
1gram (g) = 100 centigrams (cg) 1 Net (Short) Ton = 907.185 2430.56 2000 .907185 1 .892857
1,000 milligrams (mg) 1 Gross (Long) Ton = 1016.05 2722.22 2240 1.01605 1.12 1

1 dekagram (dkg) = 10 grams (g)

1 hectagram (hg) = 100 grams (g) VOLUME & CAPACITY EQUIVALENTS
1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g)
Cubic
UNIT Centime- Cubic Liters Quarts Quarts Gals. Gals. Cubic
1,000 kilograms (kg) ters Inches (Liquid) (Dry) (Liquid) (Dry) Feet
1 metric ton = 1,000,000 grams (g)
1 Cu. Centimeter = 1 .06102 .001 .00106 .00091 .00026 .00023 .00004
1 Cubic Inch = 16.387 1 .01639 .01732 .01488 .00433 .00372 .00058
VOLUME & CAPACITY: 1 Gill = 118.29 7.2188 .11829 .125 .10742 .03125 .02686 .00418
1 cubic decimeter (dm³) 1 Pint (Liquid) = 473.18 28.875 .47318 .5 .42968 .125 .10742 .01671
1 Pint (Dry) = 550.62 33.600 .55062 .58182 .5 .14546 .125 .01945
10 deciliters (dl) 1 Liter = 1000 61.023 1 1.05867 .90808 .26417 .22702 .03531
1 liter (l) = 100 centiliters (cl) 1 Quart (Liquid) = 946.36 57.75 .94636 1 .85937 .25 .21484 .03342
1,000 milliliters (ml) 1 Gallon (Liquid) = 3785.4 231 3.7854 4 3.4375 1 .85937 .13368
1 Gallon (Dry) = 4404.9 268.80 4.4049 4.6546 4 1.1636 1 .15556
1,000 cubic centimeters (cm³ or cc) 1 Peck = 8809.8 537.61 8.8098 9.3092 8 2.3273 2 .3111
1 Cu. Foot = 28317.0 1728 29.317 29.922 25.714 7.4805 6.4285 1
1 dekaliter (dkl) = 10 liters (l) 1 Bushel = 35239.3 2150.4 35.239 37.237 32 9.3092 8 1.2445
1 Barrel = 119241.2 7276.5 119.24 126 108.28 31.5 27.070 4.2109
1 hectoliter (hl) = 100 liters (l) 1 Cu. Yard = 764559.4 46656 764.56 807.90 694.28 201.97 173.57 27
1 Cu. Meter = 1000000 61023.4 1000 1056.7 908.08 264.17 227.02 35.314
1 cubic meter (m³)
1 kiloliter (kl) = 1 stere (s)
1,000 liters (l) AREA EQUIVALENTS
AREA: UNIT Square Square Square Square
Inches Feet Yards Meters
1 square meter (m³)
100 square decimeters (dcm²) 1 Square Foot = 144 1 .1111 .09290
1 centare (ca) = 10,000 square centimeters (cm²) 1 Square Yard = 1296 9 1 .83613
1 Square Meter = 1550 10.7639 1.19599 1
1,000,000 square millimeters (mm²) 1 Square Rod = 39204 272.25 30.25 25.293
1 Are = 155000 1076.39 119.599 100
1 square dekameter (dkm²) 1 Acre = 6272640 43560 4840 4046.86
1 Square Mile (640 Acres) -- 27878400 3097600 2589999
1 are (a) = 100 square meters (m²) 1 Square Kilometer = -- 10763867 1195985 1000000

100 ares (a)

1 hectare (ha) = 10,000 square meters (m²) THOMPSON GROUP COMPANIES
1 square kilometer (km²) = 1,000,000 square meters (m²) P.O. Box 656, 5840 Airline Road
HENDERSON, KY 42420
Other prefixes occasionally used:
micro - one millionth
deca - 10 times (same as deka)
1-800-626-7054
myria - 10,000 times 1-270-826-3751
mega - 1,000,000 Fax 1-270-826-3881
CANADIAN 1-800-626-7054
DRILCO 270-826-3751
25
 THOMPSON INTERNATIONAL, INC.
PO BOX 656, HENDERSON, KY 42419-0656

PH. 270-826-3751 FX. 270-826-3881 TF. 1-800-626-7054

www.thompsoninternational.com www.drilcoindustrial.com