The Civil War

Civil War
Basics
What is a Civil War?

 A Civil War is a
war between
two or more
groups inside
the same
country.

 The American
Civil War was
the North versus
the South.
When was the Civil War
Fought?
 TheCivil War
was fought
from 1861-
1865.
Who was the
Confederacy?
 The
Confederacy
was the South.

 Pro Slavery
 Anti Tariffs
 Anti Federal
Power
Confederacy Flag and
Uniform
Who was the Union?

 TheUnion was
the North.

 Anti Slavery
(mostly)
 Pro Tariffs
 Pro Federal
Power
Union Flag and Uniform
 What were the main
causes of the Civil War?
• The North/Union and
the South/
Confederacy
disagreed about:
1. Slavery
2. Tariffs
3. The power of the
Federal
Government
 Why is the Civil War
Important?
• The Civil War:
1. Ended slavery.
2. Established the
superiority of the
Federal Government.
3. The bloodiest war in
American history
(600,000+
Casualties).
Causes of the
American Civil
War
 What is Sectionalism?
 Loyaltyor support
to a region or state
instead of the
Nation.

 Northerners and
Southerners were
loyal to their
regions, not the
United States.
Example of Southern and Northern
Sectionalism. Southern Senator attacks
Northern Senator.
 What are Tariffs?
 Taxesand goods from
other nations.

 The purpose of tariffs

is to make products
from other nations
more expensive, so
that customers will
buy home made
products.
What was the impact of tariffs
on the North?
 Tariffs helped
Northern
Businesses.

 Tariffs made
European goods
more expensive
and Northern
goods more
affordable by
comparison.
 What was the impact of tariffs
 The Southern
on the South?
Economy did not
benefit from tariffs.

 Southerners had a
harder time
exporting their
cotton and had to
pay extra for goods
because of the
tariff.
 What was the impact of tariffs
on the West?
 The West benefit from
tariffs.

 The money from tariffs

went toward building
railroads, bridges, roads,
dams, and canals in the
West which allowed
people to move
westward.
 What was the impact of
slavery on the North?
 Northerners felt violated
when Southern slave
catchers went to Northern
homes and businesses
looking for slaves.

 Northerners were also

against the expansion of
slavery to the West.
What was the impact of
slavery on the
 Over 75% of the
South?
South’s crops
were made in
large scale
plantations with
20 or more slaves.

 Cotton was seen

as King Cotton
because of its
value.
What was the impact of
slavery on the West?
 As Western territories
became states,
Northerners and
Southerners battled in
the West to ensure their
side would win control of
the new governments.
 What was Dred Scott v.
Sanford?
 Dred Scott sued for his
freedom.

 The Supreme Court stated

that African-Americans were
not citizens and the only way
to end slavery would be an
amendment. The North was
angered by the decision.
Congressional Conflicts
and Compromises
Before the Civil War
What were the effects of
the 3/5’s Compromise?
 Southern States received
extra representation
because their slaves
counted as 3/5’s a
person.

 Most Presidents were

Southern, The Supreme
Court and Congress were
also controlled by the
South.
What was the Missouri
Compromise (1820)?
 Missouri was allowed
to have slavery.

 Maine became a
free state.

 Slavery was only

allowed below the
36’30’ latitude line.
What were the effects of
the Missouri Compromise?
 Thepurpose of the
Missouri
Compromise was
to keep an even
number of slave
and free states to
keep them from
fighting each
other.
 What was the
Compromise of 1850?

1. California is allowed as a free

state.
2. Ends the Missouri
Compromise and allows
states to decide about
slavery (popular sovereignty).
3. Stronger Fugitive Slave Act
which made the North angry.
What were the effects of
the Compromise of 1850?

 TheFugitive Slave Act

turned many
Northerners into
Abolitionists.
What was the Kansas-
Nebraska Act? (1854)
 The Kansas-
Nebraska act
allowed Citizens
in Kansas and
Nebraska to
chose for
themselves
whether or not
to allow slavery
in their territories.
What were the effects
of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act? (1854)
 Abolitionist and Pro
Slavery groups
fought for control
of the
governments.

 Kansas actually
turned into a war
zone as each
group attacked
the other.
The Battles,
People, and
Events of the
Civil War
What was the importance
of the Election of 1860?
 Abraham Lincoln wins the
election despite not even
being in most Southern
ballots.
 The South is worried that
the North now has too
many people for them to
win elections. Southern
States decide to secede
(leave).
Who was Abraham
Lincoln?
 16th President of the
United States.

 Republican

 Against the expansion of

slavery.

 Union must be Preserved.

What was the Significance
of the Battle of Ft. Sumter?
 The first of battle
of the Civil War
was in Ft.
Sumter, South
Carolina.

 The South wins

as Northern
troops abandon
the fort.
What is Secession?

 Theact of a
state leaving
a nation.
Which States seceded?

 South Carolina,
Mississippi, Florid
a,
Alabama, Geor
gia,
Louisiana, Texas,
Virginia, Arkans
as, North
Carolina,
and Tennessee .
 Who was Jefferson Davis?
 Mississippi Senator

 Presidentof the
Confederate
States of America
(South/Confedera
cy).
Who was Robert E. Lee?

 Virginian

 America’s best
and most
famous
General.

 The General of
the
Confederacy.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?

 TheFinal
General of
the
Union/North.
What was the Significance
of the Battle of Antietam?
 September 17,
1862.

 The bloodiest
day in American
History.

 Over 22,000
dead or
wounded.
What was the Significance
of the Emancipation
Proclamation?

 Slaves
in the
Confederacy
were now free.
 What was the Significance
of the Battle of
Gettysburg?
 July 1-3, 1863.

 The turning point of

the Civil War.

 The South’s invasion of

the North is ended.
What was the Significance
of the Gettysburg
Address?
 “For the People,
by the People”.

 Lincoln inspires the

nation by saying
the Civil War’s
purpose was to
save Democracy.
What was the Significance
of the Siege at Vicksburg?
 May-July
1863.

 The Union
took control
of the
Mississippi
River.
What was the Significance of the
Surrender at Appomattox Court
House?

 Robert E. Lee surrenders

officially to Ulysses S.
Grant on April 9, 1865.

 Unfortunately, President
Lincoln was shot 2 days
later.