Depression is a common mental disorder, characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure,

feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness and poor
concentration.

It can be long lasting or recurrent, substantially impairing a person’s ability to function at work or
school, or cope with daily life. At its most severe, depression can lead to suicide. When mild,
depression can be treated without medicines but, when moderate or severe, people may need
medication and professional talking treatments.

Non-specialists can reliably diagnose and treat depression as part of primary health care. Specialist
care is needed for a small proportion of people with complicated depression or those who do not
respond to first-line treatments.

Depression often starts at a young age. It affects women more often than men, and unemployed
people are also at high risk.

Depression is a leading cause of non-fatal disease burden worldwide

http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/noncommunicable-
diseases/pages/news/news/2012/10/depression-in-europe/depression-definition

Mood disorders are prevalent in hospitalized patients.

Exclusion

1. those who unable to communicate because of the

severity of illness and
2. with diagnosis of major depressive disorders and other
mental illness, and
3. those who were in the operation room during the study
period were excluded from the study.
4. Age less than 18

Word Health Organisation. Depression Fact Sheet. [Online]2014 [Cited 201 June 10]. Available from:
URL:http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en/index. html