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Techtopics No. 20: Power Factor Correction Capacitor - Sizing For Motors
Techtopics No. 20: Power Factor Correction Capacitor - Sizing For Motors
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TechTopics No. 20
Power factor correction capacitor - sizing for motors
Use of power factor correction has increased significantly in To understand how to compensate for the poor power factor
recent years as utilities have implemented power factor penalty of a motor, we need to look at the components of the motor
clauses in their supply contracts. Apart from the energy cost current. The real power-producing work is done by the
implications, poor power factor is undesirable because a resistive component of the current, which varies with the
low power factor requires larger size conductors for a given load on the motor. The reactive current of the motor consists
kW load. Higher line currents associated with a low power of two components. The first is the magnetizing current that
factor also result in higher losses in the conductors and in establishes the magnetic flux in the core, which allows the
transformers for a given kW load. motor to function. The magnetizing current is essentially
Power factor basics constant regardless of load.
Power factor is the ratio of the real power (kW) to the apparent The second component of reactive current is the leakage
power (kVA), as shown in the figure below. Mathematically, reactance current, and this component varies according to the
the power factor is the cosine of the angle Θ. load on the motor.
kW (real power)
Θ uncorrected
75 0.262 0.289 0.315 0.342 0.370 0.398 0.412 0.426 0.441 0.456 0.471 0.487 0.503 0.519 0.536 0.553
76 0.235 0.262 0.288 0.315 0.343 0.371 0.385 0.400 0.414 0.429 0.444 0.460 0.476 0.492 0.509 0.526
77 0.209 0.235 0.262 0.289 0.316 0.344 0.359 0.373 0.388 0.403 0.418 0.433 0.449 0.466 0.483 0.500
78 0.183 0.209 0.236 0.263 0.290 0.318 0.332 0.347 0.361 0.376 0.392 0.407 0.423 0.439 0.456 0.474
79 0.156 0.183 0.209 0.236 0.264 0.292 0.306 0.320 0.335 0.350 0.365 0.381 0.397 0.413 0.430 0.447
80 0.130 0.157 0.183 0.210 0.238 0.266 0.280 0.294 0.309 0.324 0.339 0.355 0.371 0.387 0.404 0.421
81 0.104 0.131 0.157 0.184 0.212 0.240 0.254 0.268 0.283 0.298 0.313 0.329 0.345 0.361 0.378 0.395
82 0.078 0.105 0.131 0.158 0.186 0.214 0.228 0.242 0.257 0.272 0.287 0.303 0.319 0.335 0.352 0.369
83 0.052 0.079 0.105 0.132 0.160 0.188 0.202 0.216 0.231 0.246 0.261 0.277 0.293 0.309 0.326 0.343
84 0.026 0.053 0.079 0.106 0.134 0.162 0.176 0.190 0.205 0.220 0.235 0.251 0.267 0.283 0.300 0.317
85 0.000 0.026 0.053 0.080 0.107 0.135 0.150 0.164 0.179 0.194 0.209 0.225 0.240 0.257 0.274 0.291
86 0.000 0.027 0.054 0.081 0.109 0.123 0.138 0.152 0.167 0.183 0.198 0.214 0.230 0.247 0.265
87 0.000 0.027 0.054 0.082 0.097 0.111 0.126 0.141 0.156 0.172 0.187 0.204 0.221 0.238
88 0.000 0.027 0.055 0.070 0.084 0.099 0.114 0.129 0.145 0.160 0.177 0.194 0.211
89 0.000 0.028 0.042 0.057 0.071 0.086 0.102 0.117 0.133 0.149 0.166 0.184
90 0.000 0.014 0.029 0.043 0.058 0.074 0.089 0.105 0.121 0.138 0.156
91 0.000 0.015 0.030 0.045 0.060 0.076 0.093 0.110 0.127
92 0.000 0.015 0.031 0.047 0.063 0.080 0.097
93 0.000 0.016 0.032 0.049 0.067
94 0.000 0.017 0.034
95 0.000
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