Prosthetic Hand
KANDPAL PRATHAMESH LALIT
Dept-Electronics and Telecommunication Engg.
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune
Pune, Maharashtra, India
prathamesh.kandpal16@vit.edu
BHARATI RAJ SUSHIL
Dept-Electronics and Telecommunication Engg.
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune
Pune, Maharashtra, India
raj.bharati16@vit.edu
Guided by- PROF. (Dr.) SHRIPAD BHATLAWANDE
I. ABSTRACT
This Paper gives a brief description on out mini project,
which is Prosthetic hand. We are developing a prosthetic
hand that will take input from one normal hand and send
the output to the prosthetic hand. This project will be
executed using Muscle sensor. Currently we are giving
input just to one DC motor from Arduino. The
implementation is just at its beginning stage. But the
circuit is working properly.
II. AIM & OBJECTIVE
Our aim is to make a lightweight and high accuracy
prosthetic hand. Artificial hands with such pricing points
will attract less customers and the people with this
disability wont be helped they will prefer to live with this
ability because of its affordability as well as such products
are very complex to use. Hence we aim to provide a
solution, which will be affordable to everyone. By using
only necessary components we will be making this project
that will give us output at initial stages of development. We
are going to execute this project by using electromyography
(EMG).
III. INTRODUCTION
The topic for our mini project is Prosthetic Hand using EMG
module. We want to create a project in which we takes
readings of voltages from one arm and transmit that
information to the prosthetic hand and so the prosthetic hand
GAIKWAD OMKAR MOHAN
Dept-Electronics and Telecommunication Engg.
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune
Pune, Maharashtra, India
omkar.gaikwad16@vit.edu
KATKADE PRADIP DNYANOBA
Dept-Electronics and Telecommunication Engg.
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune
Pune, Maharashtra, India
pradip.katkade16@vit.edu
will replicate the actions of the working hand. We are making
this project as cheap and efficient as possible. Those people
who are having an amputated arm can use this. By using
minimal and only useful components we can make it
affordable to anyone and everyone. Our project comes under
the field of Robotics, which is going to have wide range of
applications in future.
IV. MOTIVATION
People with amputated arm face many problems in their day-
to-day life, our vision is to reduce these day-to-day problems
and make their life simple. They face many difficulties like
writing, holding objects and hands are the most important
organs of our body. Without arms many of our activities are
limited. There are many existing solutions for people with
amputated arm but they are either very costly or else the
accessibility is very less. After observing these problems our
group came to conclusion that we will build a prosthetic hand,
which will be affordable to anyone, and all the technical
problems faced by the existing solutions will be solved in this
project. We aim to reduce the difficulties faced by people with
this disability and make them capable to perform their day-to-
day activities.
V. LITERATURE REVIEW
List of some of the available solutions in the market
1. Just prosthetic hand
This will just give a look of hand but one cant perform any
activity by this hand. Also it is very heavy so carrying it for
long time can be a real pain in the muscles.
2.Robohand
Cost: About $2,000
About: For amputees, going through the process of having
a prosthetic fitted can take week—even months. It’s also
outrageously expensive, especially if you’re uninsured. All
the parts of the Robohand can be custom-fitted and 3D-
printed with a Makerbot, which you can now buy at a local
Home Depot for $2,000. So far, it’s been used in places like
Sudan and Haiti.
In 2011, Richard Van As, a carpenter in Johannesburg,
South Africa, accidentally cut off all the fingers on his right
hand in a work accident. Pretty much the same day, he set
out looking for a cheap, prosthetic option, but there was
none. So he went online, connected with an engineer
named Ivan Owen and began collaborating.
Problem- grip is the major problem faced in this program as
well as we need to apply a lot of pressure just to grip small
objects. This product is only applicable for those people
with hands but no fingers and hence the customer base is
limited and it cant be applicable to all the people with
amputated arm.
3.bebionic3
Cost: $25,000 to $35,000
About: Its own tiny motor powers each digit, and each user
operates the grip in a totally unique way.
To enact a grip, its user moves his or her biceps or triceps
in a specific way. As the company explains: “Electronics
[in the artificial hand] measure electrical changes on the
skin covering the control muscles and command individual
actuators in the hand to provide the desired movements.”
bebionic is one of the most popular models on the market
on prosthesis.
Problems Faced-Getting insurance agencies to pay for a
prosthetic can be notoriously difficult but the company told
wired recently that the costs are low enough that most
major carriers in the U.S. should cover it. Also accessibility
and cant do every hand motion
5.DEKA Arm
Cost: $100,000+
What makes it cool: The DEKA Arm—nicknamed by
“The Luke Arm” for Luke Skywalker’s bionic arm—is
brainchild of the famed inventor Dean Kamen. In May, the
DEKA arm, which was funded by a DARPA grant,
became the first bionic arm on the market to receive FDA
approval. Like the other bionic hands, it operates
from electrodes placed on a user’s muscles. But with the
DEKA Arm, the switches that control the hand’s grip are
placed on the user’s toes. Although the DEKA Arm has
been granted FDA approval, it does not yet have any
commercial users.
Eight years ago, in the midst of the Iraq and Afghanistan
wars, DARPA created the “Revolutionizing Prosthetics”
campaign help returning veterans. It has won about $100
million in government grants, and has FDA approval.
Artificial hands with such pricing points will attract less
customers and the people with this disability wont be helped
they will prefer to live with this ability because of its
affordability as well as such products are very complex to use.
Hence we aim to provide a solution, which will be affordable
to everyone.
VI. FLOW CHART
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

4.iLimb
Cost: $80,000 to $120,000
About: The iLimb, like the bebionic, uses tiny motors in
each of the digits to create a series of grip patterns.
Electrodes that are placed directly on the user’s skin also
control it. . It’s helpful if the person wants to, for example,
pick something up that’s at an unusual angle.
Touch Bionics, one of the world’s largest prosthetics firms,
owns the iLimb. The company technically got its start
backs in 1963, when it was creating prosthetics for children
affected by Thalidomide, a skin condition caused by
leprosy.
Problems Faced- Price and accessibility and in Indian
market this product wont be successful because of its price.
Artificial hands with such pricing points will attract less
customers.
V. WORKING
Our goal is to create a prosthetic hand which will emulate
activities performed by normal hand. This can be done by
connecting the PWM pins of the Arduino UNO to the DC
motors of the prosthetic hand. We will be using EMG signal
for measuring the force and grip of our hand, these
measurements will be passes as a command to the prosthetic
hand for dynamic grip. This can be done by connecting the
electrodes to our hand, but first we need to clean our hands for
proper readings. And after then connect the EMG electrode
pin to the muscle sensor. The muscle sensor will detect the
grip and pressure of our normal hand in the form of Voltage
and this signal will be transmitted to the Arduino board.
Now the as Arduino borad has received the signal form emg
sensor, it will further direct this signal to the prostheic hand.
So the prosthetic hand will replicate the movemenets of the
normal hand. The objective of our project is to make the
prosthetic hand which will be easy to use as well as helpful for
handicapped people.
VI. DISCUSSION
Their were many problems faced at the initial stages of this
project like:
 We didn’t know were the exact location was to
connect the electrodes for correct readings.
 As well as even after doing the right connections the
sensor wasn’t showing the proper readings, as the
sensitivity was very less.
 The muscle sensor v3 uses a regulated +5V and -5V
supply, so for generating that supply we used IC7905
and IC7805.
 We developed the circuit of for +5V and -5V supply
on breadboard but due to loose connections the
sensor wasn’t showing correct readings. And this
happened many times.
 After facing so many problems we came to use
another sensor which can detect the muscle activity at
a very high precision so we bought ad8232 which can
give us voltage differences and that’s the only
purpose of muscle sensor
Our aim is to build a project in which we can take readings
easily as wel as implement them in the right manner so that
anyone can use this product without any difficulties.
 AT RELAXATION
VII. CONCLUSION
The prosthetic hand at its early stages was present merely as
a showpiece. Today we have bionic hand prostheses that
give much better functionality, are acceptable to more
patients and are durable and comfortable. However these
prostheses still have to overcome suitable and measurable
difficulties at its initial stage as this project is still
underdevelopment and much research is still to be. The
advancements in this field of medicine are exponential and
it is likely that within 10 years there will be commercially
available limbs that provide both sensation and accurate
motor control from day 1. This topic has huge scope in
future and much research is still to be completed. This
project gave us an overview as well as good knowledge in
the field on prosthesis. We also got to know the pricing
point of the available options in the market. This made us
answer many of our questions like why are there still any
good solutions in the market and why this product is not yet
commercial. Within 5-10 years of span this project will see a
significant rise in the industry and this product will be easily
available with affordable pricing point. This may still sound
more like science fiction than science fact but can cohesive
work between medicine, engineering and materials science
will make this dream come true and by giving our
AT CONTRACTION contribution to this project we learned many things about
prosthesis

References
[1] Bought Emg Signal Sensor Kit & MyoWare Muscle Sensor from:-
Amazon.in(https://www.amazon.in/s/?
ie=UTF8&keywords=emg+sensor&tag=googinhydr1-
21&index=aps&hvadid=183164828602&hvpos=1o2&hvnetw=g&hvr
and=13023568154608763729&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=b&hvde
v=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=1007788&hvtargid=kwd-
683162598&ref=pd_sl_2b7dxkvga0_b)
[2] Reference code for measuring the muscle voltages as we wary the
pressure:-http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/AnalogReadSerial
[3] https://robokits.co.in/sensors/biomedical-sensor/ad8232-ecg-sensor-
with-ecg-cable-and-electrodes
[4]

[4] http://www.iri.upc.edu/files/scidoc/1176-Design-of-a-Robotic-Hand-
and-Simple-EMG-Input-Controller-with-a-Biologically-Inspired-
Parallel-Actuation-System-for-Prosthetic-Applications.pdf
[5] Reference for datsheet of ad8232 Sensor:-
http://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-
pdf/pdf/527942/AD/AD8232.html
[6] All the information gathered for Muscle sensor V3 from:-
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/retired/11776
[7] Reference video on youtube whci helped us on how to take voltage
readings from ad78232:-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JPNoVXht3c
[8] Few Points on future development and about the project taken from a
research paper on Bionic Prostheic Hand:-
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51759015
[9] Literature Review reference: -
http://www.vocativ.com/money/industry/prosthetic-
boom-3d-printed-mind-controlled-limbs/index.html