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REG.NUMBER: R165932Q
LAB PRACTICAL: NO LOAD AND
LOAD EXTERNAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF DC GENERATOR
DEPARTMENT: AGRICULTURAL
ENGINEERING
COURSE: EE202
LECTURER: ENG RASHAYI
TITTLE: The no-load external characteristic of a separately excited DC generator.
AIM: To verify the no load and external characteristics of a separately excited DC generator.
1.1 No-load Characteristics
The no-load characteristics represses the relationship between the armature voltage VA and
the field current If that is VA =f (If) at a constant speed.
Normally for If = 0, due to a certain residual magnetization, there is small residual voltage on
the generator’s output terminals VA =(2-3)% of Vrated.
PROCEDURE:
(i) Initially the resistance of the measuring instruments was measured.
(ii) The DC generator was connected as shown in Fig 1. The generator was started
and until it reached its rated speed.
(iii) The field current was gradually increased from zero until it reached the rated
field current. Readings of If and the armature voltage VA were recorded.
(iv) The current was then gradually decreased and readings were taken again and
results were stored in Table 2
EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGMENT OF APPARATUS
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Table 1
If (A) 0.18 0.38 0.62 1.04 1.68 2.00 2.20 2.40
VA (V) 24 56 88 118 136 143 147 150
Table 2
If (A) 2.40 2.10 1.84 1.65 1.42 1.09 0.74 0.42
VA (V) 150 144 142 138 133 122 104 72
D.C GENERATOR
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
As the field current is increased the armature voltage also increases but for greater values of
the field current the corresponding armature voltage increase gradually decreases in
magnitude as shown by the progressive decrease in the gradient.
On reversing the field current, the graph follow almost the same path.
During all the changes in field current, the rotor speed vary slightly, we can take it as
constant
Table 3
IA (A) 0.7 1.2 3.3 4.3 6.1 7.6 9.2 9.9
VA (A) 144 141 138 136 132 128 126 124
150
145
135
Generated Voltage(V)
130
125
120
115
110
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
= {
144 − 124
144 } ×100
= 13.9 %
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
As the armature current was increased the generated voltage magnitude decreased
linearly as shown in the graph above.
And as the armature current increases, the rotor speed decreases and its torque
increases.
The Voltage regulation value is too big, this is maybe due to error encountered during
the experiment.