44D UserManual 180703

44D User Manual
44D Digital/Analog Broadband RF

Wattmeter - User Manual
3 Jul 2018
Firmware Version TiE.01.00
Telewave, Inc.
660 Giguere Court Phone 408-929-4400
San Jose, CA 95133 Toll Free 800-331-3396
www.telewave.com sales@telewave.com
support@telewave.com
Copyright © 2018 Telewave, Inc. Page 1 of 29 Specifications subject to change without notice
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Table of Contents
COPYRIGHT/DISCLAIMER/WARRANTY ...........................................................................................................4
PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................................................5
NOTES REGARDING LITHIUM BATTERIES ...................................................................................................................5
QUICK START GUIDE .............................................................................................................................................6
OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................................... 7
CHARGING POWER SUPPLY & INTERNATIONAL POWER ADAPTERS...........................................................................7
CHARGING THE BATTERY ..........................................................................................................................................7
POWER CONTROL ......................................................................................................................................................8
SLEEP MODE ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
MENU TREE ............................................................................................................................................................... 9
HOME SCREEN AND FIELDS DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................9
MAIN MENU ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
Modulation (no Menu) ....................................................................................................................................... 10
Frequency Range Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 10
Settings Menu ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
Info & Help Menu .............................................................................................................................................. 10
SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 11
FREQUENCY RANGE ................................................................................................................................................ 11
POWER RANGE (CONSTANT ENV) MODULATION..................................................................................................... 11
POWER RANGE (NON-CONSTANT ENV) MODULATION ............................................................................................ 11
RF AND MEASUREMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 11
USB CONNECTOR, BATTERY AND CHARGING ......................................................................................................... 12
MECHANICAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
ENVIRONMENTAL .................................................................................................................................................... 12
Operating ........................................................................................................................................................... 12
Storage ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY (FUTURE)....................................................................................................................... 13
MISCELLANEOUS: ACCESSORIES, OPTIONS, MAINTENANCE................................................................ 14
INCLUDED ACCESSORIES ......................................................................................................................................... 14
OPTIONAL LEATHER CASE ...................................................................................................................................... 14
OPTIONAL CONNECTOR ADAPTER KIT .................................................................................................................... 14
OPTIONAL “QC – QUICK CONNECT” THRU-LINE CONNECTORS .............................................................................. 14
OPTIONAL THRU LINE ADAPTERS ........................................................................................................................... 14
MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................................................ 15
STORAGE ................................................................................................................................................................. 15
CLEANING ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
CALIBRATION .......................................................................................................................................................... 16
APPENDIX: CONNECTING THE METER TO THE CIRCUIT........................................................................ 17
CONCEPTS ............................................................................................................................................................... 17
METER CONNECTION DIAGRAM .............................................................................................................................. 17
CALCULATING THE PRIMARY & SECONDARY CABLE CUT LENGTH ........................................................................ 18
SAMPLE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CABLE LENGTHS ............................................................................................ 18
Velocity Factor 66% .......................................................................................................................................... 18
Velocity Factor 85% .......................................................................................................................................... 20
APPENDIX: RF SAMPLE PORT ISOLATION .................................................................................................... 22
APPENDIX: SUPPORTED MODULATION TYPES ........................................................................................... 23
APPENDIX: SPECIAL TEST CASES .................................................................................................................... 26
POSITIVE TRAIN CONTROL (PTC) RADIOS .............................................................................................................. 26
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TETRA SUBSCRIBER RADIOS.................................................................................................................................. 26
MONITORING AN ANTENNA THAT FOLLOWS A TX COMBINER................................................................................. 26
APPENDIX: SPECIFICATION VALIDATION .................................................................................................... 27
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................... 27
BASELINE TEST SETUP ............................................................................................................................................ 27
THRU LINE POWER MEASUREMENT VERIFICATION ................................................................................................. 28
THRU LINE DIRECTIVITY VERIFICATION ................................................................................................................. 28
THRU LINE MATCH VERIFICATION .......................................................................................................................... 28
RF SAMPLE PORT MATCH VERIFICATION................................................................................................................ 28
THRU LINE TO RF SAMPLE PORT ISOLATION VERIFICATION ................................................................................... 29
RF SAMPLE PORT TO THRU LINE ISOLATION VERIFICATION ................................................................................... 29
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Copyright/Disclaimer/Warranty
Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 by Telewave, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Disclaimer of Liability:
This manual contains Telewave, Inc. proprietary information, which is exempt from disclosure
under the Freedom of Information Act (5 USC 552). No part of this manual may be reproduced
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, or information recording and retrieval systems, for any purpose, without the written
consent of Telewave, Inc.
Warranty:
Products sold by Telewave, Inc. and covered by this Warranty are warranted to be free from defects
in material and workmanship at the time of and for a specified period after delivery to the Buyer.
Seller's entire warranty obligation is limited to making adjustments by repair, replacement, or
refunding the purchase price of any product which is returned to the Seller as provided below within
the specified period from the date of shipment by the Seller. In no event shall Seller be liable for
direct, special, or consequential damages for breach of warranty.
Adjustment will not be allowed for products which have been damaged by lightning, subjected to
abuse, improper application or installation, alteration or accident, or negligence in use, storage,
transportation or handling. Alteration or removal of the serial number or identification markings
voids the Warranty. Seller shall have the right of final determination as to the existence and cause of
a defect, whether adjustment will be allowed, and if allowed, whether adjustment will be by repair,
replacement, or refund. Where adjustment is not allowed, a charge of 5% of the original purchase
price will be made to the Buyer to cover the Seller's cost of inspection and handling.
Shipping and packaging instructions must be obtained from the Seller before products are returned
for adjustment. The Buyer will pay for packing, transportation, and transit insurance costs for
returned products. The Seller reserves the right to discontinue models at any time or change
specifications, design, or price without notice and without incurring any obligation. Products will be
returned to the Buyer with transportation cost collect.
Subject to the provisions of its "Patent Indemnity" clause, the Seller also warrants that it has the right
to sell its products, that the Buyer shall have and enjoy quite possession thereof as against any lawful
claims existing at the time of the sale by the Seller, and that said products are free from any charge of
encumbrance in favor of third persons existing at the time of sale by the Seller.
The foregoing constitutes the Seller's entire warranty, express, implied or statutory with respect to its
products and states the full extent of its liability for breach of Warranty and for damages, whether
direct, special or consequential resulting from any such breach. No change whatsoever thereto shall
be binding upon the seller unless made in writing and signed by a duly authorized representative of
the Seller.
Warranty Periods:
 Antennas and antenna mounting hardware - 5 years
 All other products - 1 year
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Precautions and Safety Instructions
1. Read the user manual carefully. All Warnings and Cautions should be noted.
 Contact Telewave Support with any questions.
 Keep the user manual(s) for future reference.
2. Keep the meter away from sources of moisture or excessive humidity.

 Never pour any liquid into the openings or connectors.
 Do not immerse into any liquid. The meter is water resistant, not water proof
3. Do not store this meter in an unconditioned environment for an extended time. Prolonged
exposure to extreme heat, cold or moisture may cause damage.
4. Check the current capacity of the USB charger/power supply before connecting to the meter.
5. Do not attempt to disassemble the meter, there are no user serviceable parts inside.
6. Inspect the meter if it has been dropped or exposed to excessive vibration.
7. Contact Telewave Support if any of the following conditions arise:
 There are any obvious signs of damage – case, display, connectors, switches, or etc.
 Any liquid appears to have penetrated into the case.
 The meter appears to malfunction or is giving obviously incorrect readings.
 The meter has been tampered with, or opened by anyone other than Telewave.
8. Follow all normal Radio Frequency safety rules and High Voltage safety rules.
 Double check all connections and configurations before applying power to transmitters
 Double check all connections and configurations before keying any transmitters
 Be mindful of short and long-term exposure risks to Radio Frequency Radiation
WARNING: This symbol alerts you to the risk of personal injury, hardware damage or
irrevocable loss of data.
CAUTION: This symbol denotes situations where instructions must be followed carefully
to avoid personal discomfort or to obtain expected results.
Notes regarding Lithium Batteries

WARNING: The batteries in this meter must be discharged to 1/3 or less capacity before
the unit can be transported by Air. This is a legal and safety requirement for all lithium batteries.
WARNING: The internal batteries are not user serviceable. The meter must be returned
to Telewave for service if the batteries no longer accept or retain a sufficient charge.
Telewave recommends returning the wattmeter to the factory every two years for inspection &
calibration. Calibration must be done at Telewave, contact Telewave sales for a quote.
The inspection includes checking the health of the batteries and creating a battery health report.
To return a meter to Telewave; complete the RMA request form located on our web site
www.telewave.com, or call 408-929-4400 Option 1 if assistance is needed to compete the RMA.
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Quick Start Guide
The complete 44D User Manual is available for download at www.telewave.com.
1. Unpack and inspect the 44D and accessories (USB cable, AC power supply, & AC adapter kit)
a. Check the box and contents for any damage immediately after it arrives
b. In case of any damage or missing item, contact Telewave immediately, 408-929-4400 Opt 1.
2. Charge the Batteries
a. Plug the B side of the USB cable into the meter (the connector is located on the back)
b. Plug the A side of the USB cable into the supplied AC power supply or any other USB power
source capable of supplying at least 2.4 amps of charging current
c. Depleted batteries will require about 8 hours of charging time to reach a full charge.
CAUTION: Fully charge the batteries after long term storage.
3. Build or procure “Primary Cables” (see “Appendix - Connecting the Meter to the Circuit”)
4. Press and hold the power button until the blue power indication in the switch illuminates
5. The meter will be functional in three to five seconds as indicated by:
a. Backlight will be illuminated
b. Frequency, temperature & battery indicators are displayed
6. The menu tree is as follows:
HOME
Soft Key MENU ^MEAS ^CALC
V Measurements Calculations
Freq Range > Set low, medium or high frequency range
Settings > Modify some look & feel parameters
Info & Help > Show Version, Telewave contact
Exit > Return to the HOME screen
7. When in any MENU screen other than the HOME Screen, the
function buttons will be UP, SELECT/EXIT, and DOWN.
a. Press SELECT implements the selection & returns HOME
b. Press EXIT aborts the selection and returns HOME
c. On read only screens EXIT returns HOME
8. Set the Frequency Range before use, all other settings are optional
9. Once the meter has been configured, the cables can be connected
a. Connect the primary cable to the port labeled TX on the left side of the meter (RF input)
b. Connect the cable leading to the antenna to the port on the right side of the meter (RF output)
10. The RF Sample port can be connected to any monitor or source test equipment. The sample
port is bi-directional, with connectivity to both the Thru Line TX and Thru Line ANT port.
Wiring Diagram
Original Circuit ½ WL Increment
Insert test cables 44D

& 44D at the TX ANT
Component output
Primary Cable (1/2 WL increment minus 5”) Secondary Cable (Optional = ½ WL increment)
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Operation
Charging Power Supply & International Power Adapters
The included power supply for charging the batteries supports 90 to 250 volts at 50 or 60 hertz.
The power plug on the power supply is an IEC international “Plug Type A”.
Type A to Type C, G, and I adapters are included with the wattmeter. This AC adapter kit will
allow the power supply to be safely connected to the power sockets in most countries.
Visit the International Electro technical Commission (IEC) website for a complete list of socket
types, and power voltage/frequencies used in various countries: http://www.iec.ch/worldplugs/.
Description Picture Short list of Areas/Countries where the “Type” is used
Type A North and Central America, Japan
Plug on the Directly compatible with Type B sockets
power supply
Type C Europe (except UK), Ireland, Cyprus, Malta

Universal to Directly compatable with Type E, F, J, K, & N sockets
Euro 2P AC
Power Plug
Type G UK, Ireland, Cyprus, Malta, Malaysia, Singapore,

Universal to Hong Kong
UK 3P AC
Power Plug
Type I Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Argentina,

Universal to China
AUS 3P AC
Power Plug
Charging the Battery

The battery can be charged when the meter is on or off, and can be charged from any USB
source that supports a 2.4 amp load (laptop USB port, vehicle charging adapter, etc.) Connect
the supplied USB cable between the power source and the meter, charging will begin as soon as
the meter detects voltage on the USB connector.
CAUTION: When the meter off the display is blank. There is no indication that the meter
is charging, fully charged, or that the USB cable is disconnected or not suppling charge current.
Battery charge indication:
Bars 3 equals >3/4, 6-8 hours awake time remain
Flashing equals <1/4, 0-2 hours awake time remain
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Though not recommended, the wattmeter can be left connected to the USB power source for an
extended period of time. The internal charging controller can detect when the batteries are fully
charged, and stop charging the batteries until they have been partially discharged.
WARNING: Charge the batteries at least once every six months to prevent battery damage
CAUTION: Fully charge the batteries after removing the meter from long term storage.
Power Control
The meter has a latching push power button in the lower left corner of the front panel.
To turn the meter ON, push the power button until you hear a clicking sound and/or you see that
the power switch rim is illuminated with a blue glow. After a few seconds the display backlight
will illuminate, and the power up sequence will be shown in the display.
The power up sequence, as is seen in the display is:
 The screen backlight will illuminate after about two seconds
 Then the HOME screen will display
 After that the frequency, temperature and battery status indications will be displayed
Once the power up sequence is complete the HOME screen will indicate the settings that were
selected when the meter was previously turned off (units of measurement, backlight level, etc.)
The power switch will remain partially depressed while the meter is turned on.
To turn the meter OFF, push the power button in slightly further, and release. The switch will
return to the flush position, the blue rim light will extinguish, the display backlight will turn off
and the display will become blank. There are no lights or display activity when the unit is off.
Sleep Mode
The meter can be configured to go to “sleep” after few of minutes of inactivity. Inactivity is
defined as no function select buttons have been pushed. If the meter is connected to a transmitter
and is reading power, it will still go to sleep if the sleep timer expires (no buttons were pushed.)
Sleep mode is indicated by the following:
 The display backlight will extinguish and the display will be blank/dark
 The meter will emit a beep sound as it is going to sleep
 The blue ring around power button will remain lit
To wake the meter, turn off the power button and then turn it back on.
The meter will boot back to the previous configuration in a few seconds.
CAUTION: The meter will only go into sleep mode when the HOME screen is displayed.
When any screen other than HOME is displayed and the sleep timer expires, the meter will wait
for the user to complete the pending action; and then go to sleep.
NOTE: RF signals will flow though the through line sensor un-impeded with the wattmeter
power turned on or off. Any live circuits that are monitored with the wattmeter will not be
affected if the wattmeter goes to sleep or is turned off while connected to the circuit.
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Menu Tree
HOME Screen and Fields Description
HOME Screen Description
Battery Status
FWD (measured forward power) Measured Value Avg (W/dBm) or Peak (W/dBm)
REFL (measured reflected pwr) Measured Value Avg (W/dBm)
Calculated Info Calculated Value VSWR / Return Loss / Crest
Measured Frequency MHz Measured Temperature C or F
MENU ^MEAS ^CALC
After the system has completed the power up sequence the default screen configuration is shown.
Top Row indicates the Battery Life
The second and third rows indicate results measured from the main thru line connectors.
These measurements are the primary function of the meter.
The forth row indicates calculated results based on the measurements from rows two and three.
The fifth row indicates the measured frequency of the RF signal, and the ambient temperature of
the critical RF detector circuits. The meter compensates for temperature changes, allowing high
accuracy at any ambient temperature within the specification range.
NOTE: All measured and calculated indications will be zero “0” or dash “---“ until the
average power level detected on the forward through line connector exceeds 1 watt (minimum.)
The bottom row indicates the current function of the three buttons located just below the screen.
The purpose of each of these buttons change as the needed for easy configuration of the meter.
The HOME screen function buttons are:
 MENU Open the MAIN menu
 ^MEAS Rotate the Measured results display between Average or Peak Power
in Watts or dBm.
 ^CALC Rotate the Calculated results display between VSWR / Return Loss,
and Crest Factor (indicated in dB in place of PAPR, no linear indication)
The meter is auto ranging for any power or frequency within the ranges indicated in the specs.
MAIN Menu
The main MENU allows access to these categories:
 FREQ RANGE Configure the meter to High freq (>100 MHz) or Low freq range
 SETTINGS Adjust meter display parameters
 INFO & HELP Read only meter attributes and Telewave contact information
 EXIT Return to the HOME screen
For the main MENU and all Sub-Menus
 Scroll up and down in the options by pressing the UP and DOWN buttons.
 Pressing the SELECT key will select the currently highlighted item.
 Selecting EXIT will return to the HOME screen without making any changes.
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Modulation (no Menu)
There is no menu for selecting the modulation to be measured. The currently supported
modulation types are all accurately measured without any special meter configuration.
A complete listing of the modulation types supported as of the publication of this version of the
User Manual is listed in “Appendix – Supported Modulation Types”.
Frequency Range Menu
The menu will list all modulation types supported by the current hardware & firmware version
 88-100 MHz Select for measuring frequencies between 88 and 101 MHz
 101-700 Mz Select for measuring frequencies between 101 and 701 MHz
 701-1000 M Select for measuring frequencies between 701 and 1000 MHz (1 GHz)
CAUTION: The Frequency Range is the only mandatory setting. The meter will not be
able to accurately measure the absolute power of the signal if the range is not set correctly.
Settings Menu
This menu is for setting the units of measurements and other behavioral parameters of the meter:
 Power Units Select forward and reverse power display in Watts or dBm
 Temperature Select temperature display in Fahrenheit or Celsius
 Backlight Select the backlight intensity: Low, Medium, High
 Power Saving Select duration of sleep initiation timer
 WLAN Select the WLAN radio on or off (future use – leave off)
Power saving selections:
 OFF Select never sleep
 30 Minutes Select sleep after 30 minutes of inactivity
Info & Help Menu
This menu is for query of the attributes of the meter:
 About Display the hardware and firmware version of the meter
 Help Display the phone number and email address of Telewave support
 LAN IP Display the IPv4 Address of the internal WLAN Radio (future use)
 MAC Add Display the MAC Address of the internal WLAN Radio (future use)
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Specifications
If the meter is reading a signal that is outside the range of these specifications; the meter will
indicate that it is “Out of Range”. Accuracy of the meter is compromised when out of range.
Frequency Range
Calibrated Range 88 MHz to 1000 MHz (1 GHz)
Power Range (Constant Env) Modulation

Forward and Reverse (Min to Max) 1 Watt to 500 Watts (30 dBm to 57 dBm)
Power Range (Non-Constant Env) Modulation

Forward and Reverse Average (Min to Max) 1 Watt to 250 Watts (30 dBm to 54 dBm)
Forward Peak (Min to Max) 1 Watt to 500 Watts (30 dBm to 57 dBm)
RF and Measurement
RF Impedance of all RF Ports 50 Ohms
Main RF Connectors Supported (Female) Standard = N (field swappable)
Optional = BNC, TNC, UHF
RF Sample Port Connector (Female) Standard = SMA (only)
Worse case VSWR (Return Loss) 50 Ohm Line < 1.21:1 (> 20.5 dB)
RF Insertion Loss (through main RF connectors) Less than 0.02 dB up to 500 MHz
Less than 0.04 dB up to 1 GHz
RF Sample Port Insertion Loss -50 dB +/- 2 dB from 200 MHz to 1 GHz
-50 dB +0/-12 dB from 88 MHz to 200 MHz
See “Appendix – RF Sample Port Isolation” for isolation by frequency details
Frequency Counter Accuracy +10/-20 KHz at all frequencies
Maximum Settling Time 2 Seconds (Pulsed Digital/Analog)
(Time required to capture, 2 Seconds (Continuous Digital)
Process, and display the result) 1 Second (Continuous Analog)
Thru Line Coupler Directivity Minimum >20 dB
RMS RF Power Measurement Accuracy +/- 6% from 88 MHz to 1 GHz
Peak RF Power Measurement Accuracy +/- 6% from 88 MHz to 1 GHz
Crest Factor 1 to 3 (1:1 to 3:1)
Peak amplitude of the waveform divided by the RMS value of the waveform
Peak-To-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) 0 to 12 dB
Peak amplitude squared divided by the RMS value squared expressed in decibels
CAUTION: Usually the RMS measurement accuracy is greater than the peak measurement
accuracy. When the Crest Factor indicates higher than 3 or the PAPR indicates higher than 12
dB, the RMS measurement becomes inaccurate/unusable, and only the Peak reading is reliable.
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USB Connector, Battery and Charging
Battery Life 8 hours on time for fully charged batteries
Battery Charge Time 8 hours to fully charge depleted batteries
USB Charger VAC Requirements 90 to 250 VAC at 50 or 60 Hz
Universal Power Plug Adapter Kit Charger comes with an IEC Type A plug
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Adapter kit converts to Type C, G or I plug
Compatible Type B, E, F, J, K, & N socket
USB Charger VDC Requirements 5 Volts DC at maximum 2.4 Amps
(Simultaneous charging and operation)
USB Connector USB 2.0 Type B Jack
Mechanical
Meter weight 3 lb (1.4 kg)
Meter dimensions (LWH) inches (CM) 6.75” x 5.50” x 4.00”
Incl. knobs/feet/connectors - not incl. the handle (17.15 x 14.00 x 10.15 cm)
Shipping weight meter only 4 lb (1.8 kg)
Shipping weight with optional case 5 lb. (2.3 kg)
Shipping dimensions (LWH) inches (cm) 10.00” x 8.00” x 6.00"
(25.40 x 20.30 x 15.25 cm)
Environmental
International Protection Marking IEC Standard 60529, IP54 (internal test)
Temperature (High – Storage & Operation) MIL-810-F, Method 501.4
Humidity MIL-810-F, Method 507.4
Shock MIL-810-F, Method 516.5
Humidity Range (Operating / Storage) 35% to 85% non-condensing
WARNING: The meter is water resistant, but not water proof. If it appears that any liquid
has entered the meter (dropped in water), return the meter to Telewave for an internal inspection.
Operating
Operating Temperature Range (USB Connected) +32°F to +113°F (0°C to +45°C)
Operating Temperature Range (USB Disconnected) -4°F to +122°F (-20°C to +50°C)
Storage
Storage (Long Term) Temperature Range +68°F to +86°F (+20°C to +30°C)
WARNING: Charge the batteries at least once every six months to prevent battery damage
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Wireless Connectivity (Future)
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n internal antenna
The WLAN radio is turned off in this firmware. Leave the radio turned off.
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Miscellaneous: Accessories, Options, Maintenance
To order replacement or optional parts, contact Telewave sales at sales@telewave.com, or call
408-929-4400 Option 1. Refer to the descriptions and part numbers listed below.
Included Accessories
The Wattmeter comes with:
 Universal (wall wart type) power supply 10769 Telewave Part Number
 USB type A to type B cable 10771 Telewave Part Number
 Universal AC Plug Adapter Kit (complete adapter kit) 10770 Telewave Part Number
 US to Type C Adapter (1 each) 10776 Telewave Part Number
 US to Type G Adapter (1 each) 10777 Telewave Part Number
 US to Type I Adapter (1 each) 10778 Telewave Part Number
Optional Leather Case

For transport and storage of the wattmeter and accessories. TC44 Telewave Part Number
Optional Connector Adapter Kit

The Tele-Dapt 2000™ Adapter Kit is available for easy connection of the wattmeter to cables
that do not have the same type of connectors as is fitted on the wattmeter. The kit can also be
used as a general adapter kit when connecting various test equipment to the system under test.
 Tele-Dapt 2000™ (complete adapter kit) CO2000 Telewave Part Number
 Universal Center Bullet (6 each in kit) CO2013 Telewave Part Number
 UHF Male (PL-239) (2 each in kit) CO2001 Telewave Part Number
 UHF Female (SO-239) (2 each in kit) CO2007 Telewave Part Number
 N Male (2 each in kit) CO2003 Telewave Part Number
 N Female (2 each in kit) CO2009 Telewave Part Number
 BNC Male (2 each in kit) CO2004 Telewave Part Number
 BNC Female (2 each in kit) CO2010 Telewave Part Number
Optional “QC – Quick Connect” Thru-Line Connectors

The wattmeter can be ordered with the following thru-line connectors:
 N Female (default) (1 each) QC44N Telewave Part Number
 BNC Female (1 each) QC44B Telewave Part Number
 TNC Female (1 each) QC44T Telewave Part Number
 UHF Female (1 each) QC44S Telewave Part Number
Let the sales representative know what type of connectors are required at the time of order.
The SMA Female connector is the only type supported on the front facing RF Sample Port.
Optional Thru Line Adapters

The wattmeter can be ordered with the following thru-line adapters:
 DIN 7/16 F to N-M adapter (1 each) 10772 Telewave Part Number
 DIN 4.3-10 F to N-M adapter (1 each) 10773 Telewave Part Number
 Mini-UHF F to N-M adapter (1 each) 10774 Telewave Part Number
 SMA F to N-M adapter (1 each) 10775 Telewave Part Number
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Maintenance
There are no user serviceable parts inside the wattmeter. Opening the cover voids the warranty.
To return a meter to Telewave; complete the RMA request form located on our web site at
www.telewave.com, or call 408-929-4400 Option 1 if assistance is needed to compete the RMA.
The meter will not be damaged by mist, fog, or light rain. Wipe the moisture off with a dry cloth.
WARNING: The meter is water resistant, but not water proof. If it appears that any liquid
has entered the meter (dropped in water), return the meter to Telewave for an internal inspection.
WARNING: Contact Telewave support at support@telewave.com or call 408-929-4400

Option 2 if the meter appears to malfunction or is giving obviously incorrect readings.
Storage
The meter can be stored for long periods of time with no damage. It is recommended to store the
meter in the TC44 Case, or it can be wrapped in a cloth and placed into a box or other container.
If the meter is accidently left on or turned on when placed into storage, the power controller will
eventually turn off the meter. Even when turned off, the batteries will discharge during storage.
WARNING: Store the meter in a dry, temperature controlled environment. Long term
exposure to temperatures outside specification, or moisture may damage the meter.
WARNING: Charge the batteries at least once every six months to prevent battery damage.
Cleaning
To clean the wattmeter, put some mild liquid soap onto a soft but moist cloth. Wipe the dirt
from the wattmeter with a light touch. Use a rinsed moist towel or a second moist towel to clean
any residual soap from the wattmeter. The meter can air dry or be dried with a third soft cloth.
The accessories or optional case can be cleaned using the same procedure as for the meter.
WARNING: Make sure the power supply and USB cable are dry before connecting to AC
power. An electrical shock hazard exists if the components are wet when plugged in to an outlet.
WARNING: Do not use more than a few drops of water or soap when cleaning the meter.
Excessive water or soap could leak into the meter and may cause damage or a malfunction.
CAUTION: Do not use powder or abrasive soap. These soaps may scratch the case or
display cover glass. Scratches or similar damage to the display cover glass are not warrantied.
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Calibration
Telewave recommends returning the wattmeter to the factory every two years for inspection &
calibration. Calibration must be done at Telewave, contact Telewave sales for a quote.
Before each meter is calibrated it will be inspected. A report will be provided detailing any
issues found (including battery health test report.) Any deficiencies will be repaired (warranty
for free, non-warranty if customer authorized) and then the meter will be calibrated. Unrepaired
deficiencies may cause calibration failure. Firmware version will be updated to latest, no charge.
Accuracy is guaranteed as long as the frequency that is measured and the ambient temperature
are within the specified range. There are no field offset tables for frequency or temperature.
CAUTION: Accuracy also depends on properly cabling the wattmeter into the circuit to be
tested. Carefully follow the instructions for connecting the meter as described below.
To return a meter to Telewave; complete the RMA request form located on our web site at
www.telewave.com, or call 408-929-4400 Option 1 if assistance is needed to complete the RMA.
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Appendix: Connecting the Meter to the Circuit
Concepts
RF power will transfer from the source to the destination with the most efficiency when:
 The source and load impedance are the same
 The source and the load are separated from each other by a cable that has been cut so that the
electrical length of that cable is a ½ wavelength increment.
When the cables are ½ electrical wavelength increment long, any reflected energy from a load or
source mismatch will arrive at the source 180 degrees out of phase compared to the energy
emanating from that source. The reflected energy will cancel a portion of the source energy.
Cutting the cables to the proper length in the LMR environment has the following advantages:
 Energy reflected by mismatches is dissipated, rather than bounce back and forth
 Power amplifiers and other components will run cooler (less energy to dissipate)
 Power meters can more accurately read forward vs. reverse power in the circuit
 Impedance mess-matches at an antenna/feed interface are less likely to be masked by the losses
encountered with long feed lines.
 Inserting a meter into the circuit has less impact on the behavior of the circuit.
To properly connect the wattmeter to the circuit to be tested, the cables used to insert the meter
into the circuit should be of a length that is close (within 10%) to an increment of ½ wavelength.
These cables are a “Primary Cable” (always need) and a “Secondary Cable” (sometimes need).
When calculating the length of the “primary cable”, subtract 5 inches (12.5 cm) from the length
of the cable to allow for the insertion of the wattmeter.
When calculating the length of the “secondary cable”, do NOT subtract any length for the meter.
This cable should be an exact ½ wavelength increment in length.
It is suggested to have one or two primary cables built for each band that needs to be tested. For
example, a cable built to 159 MHz would cover 144 MHz to 174 MHz. Another cable built for
455 MHz would cover 440 to 470 Mhz. The key is using the same cables in a consistent manner
so that the test results are repeatable, and any system changes are noticed during maintenance.
CAUTION: The formulas for calculating the cut length of the cable does not consider the
length of any lead wire from a connector on a radio, amplifier, cavity or other device in the RF
system. In some situations, the length of internal leads and/or cavity loop lengths may need to be
considered and the length of the primary and secondary cables shortened to properly compensate.
Meter Connection Diagram

Original Circuit ½ WL Increment
Insert test cables 44D

& 44D at the TX ANT
Component output
Primary Cable (1/2 WL increment minus 5”) Secondary Cable (Optional = ½ WL increment)
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44D User Manual
Calculating the Primary & Secondary Cable Cut Length
The steps to calculate the length of the cables are:
Find the base cable length:

(Speed of Light in a vacuum (299,792,458 Meters/Second) divided by (Frequency in Hertz))
Times (Velocity Factor of the cable in %) Times (wave length required… 0.5 for ½ etc.)
Sample = ((299792458/445000000) * 0.85 *0.5) = 0.29 meters or 28.6 cm
Subtract 2 cm for the 2 N Male connectors on the end of the cable:

Sample = 28.6 cm minus 2 cm (for two each N Male connectors = 26.6 cm
Subtract 12.5 cm for the meter:

Sample = 26.6 cm minus 12.5 cm (the distance across the thru line meter) = 14.1 cm
In this example, the final cut length for the cable would be 14.1 cm.
If a cable is required after the meter (to reach back to the feed line as an example), that cable
should be built to ½ wave length without compensating for the meter = 26.6 cm cut length
CAUTION: The samples above are for a ½ wave length cable. The cables can be made
longer as needed. Make the cables lengths at a ½ wave length increment: 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, etc.
Sample Primary and Secondary Cable Lengths

The tables assume that the cables will have N Male connectors at each end, thus 2 cm will be
subtracted already for the cable cut length.
CAUTION: The formulas for calculating the cut length of the cable does not consider the
length of any lead wire from a connector on a radio, amplifier, cavity or other device in the RF
system. In some situations, the length of internal leads and/or cavity loop lengths may need to be
considered and the length of the primary and secondary cables shortened to properly compensate.
Velocity Factor 66%

For cables such as: RG-214, RG-213, RG-174, RG-58, and RG-6A
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44D User Manual
1 Wave Length Cables
Cable Lengths (Primary Cable and Secondary Cable)
VF 66.0% Meters Centimeters Feet Inches
WL 1.0 Pri Sec Pri Sec Pri Sec Pri Sec
MHz 30.0 6.450 6.575 645.0 657.5 21.2 21.6 254.0 258.9
MHz 40.0 4.802 4.927 480.2 492.7 15.8 16.2 189.0 194.0
MHz 50.0 3.812 3.937 381.2 393.7 12.5 12.9 150.1 155.0
MHz 60.0 3.153 3.278 315.3 327.8 10.3 10.8 124.1 129.0
MHz 70.0 2.682 2.807 268.2 280.7 8.8 9.2 105.6 110.5
MHz 80.0 2.328 2.453 232.8 245.3 7.6 8.0 91.7 96.6
MHz 90.0 2.053 2.178 205.3 217.8 6.7 7.1 80.8 85.8
MHz 100.0 1.834 1.959 183.4 195.9 6.0 6.4 72.2 77.1
MHz 110.0 1.654 1.779 165.4 177.9 5.4 5.8 65.1 70.0
MHz 120.0 1.504 1.629 150.4 162.9 4.9 5.3 59.2 64.1
MHz 130.0 1.377 1.502 137.7 150.2 4.5 4.9 54.2 59.1
MHz 140.0 1.268 1.393 126.8 139.3 4.2 4.6 49.9 54.9
MHz 150.0 1.174 1.299 117.4 129.9 3.9 4.3 46.2 51.1
MHz 160.0 1.092 1.217 109.2 121.7 3.6 4.0 43.0 47.9
MHz 180.0 0.954 1.079 95.4 107.9 3.1 3.5 37.6 42.5
MHz 190.0 0.896 1.021 89.6 102.1 2.9 3.4 35.3 40.2
MHz 200.0 0.844 0.969 84.4 96.9 2.8 3.2 33.2 38.2
MHz 210.0 0.797 0.922 79.7 92.2 2.6 3.0 31.4 36.3
MHz 220.0 0.754 0.879 75.4 87.9 2.5 2.9 29.7 34.6
MHz 230.0 0.715 0.840 71.5 84.0 2.3 2.8 28.2 33.1
MHz 240.0 0.679 0.804 67.9 80.4 2.2 2.6 26.7 31.7
MHz 240.0 1.504 1.629 150.4 162.9 4.9 5.3 59.2 64.1
MHz 260.0 1.377 1.502 137.7 150.2 4.5 4.9 54.2 59.1
MHz 280.0 1.268 1.393 126.8 139.3 4.2 4.6 49.9 54.9
MHz 300.0 1.174 1.299 117.4 129.9 3.9 4.3 46.2 51.1
MHz 320.0 1.092 1.217 109.2 121.7 3.6 4.0 43.0 47.9
MHz 340.0 1.019 1.144 101.9 114.4 3.3 3.8 40.1 45.0
MHz 360.0 0.954 1.079 95.4 107.9 3.1 3.5 37.6 42.5
MHz 380.0 0.896 1.021 89.6 102.1 2.9 3.4 35.3 40.2
MHz 400.0 0.844 0.969 84.4 96.9 2.8 3.2 33.2 38.2
MHz 420.0 0.797 0.922 79.7 92.2 2.6 3.0 31.4 36.3
MHz 440.0 0.754 0.879 75.4 87.9 2.5 2.9 29.7 34.6
MHz 460.0 0.715 0.840 71.5 84.0 2.3 2.8 28.2 33.1
MHz 480.0 0.679 0.804 67.9 80.4 2.2 2.6 26.7 31.7
MHz 500.0 0.646 0.771 64.6 77.1 2.1 2.5 25.5 30.4
MHz 520.0 0.616 0.741 61.6 74.1 2.0 2.4 24.3 29.2
MHz 540.0 0.588 0.713 58.8 71.3 1.9 2.3 23.1 28.1
MHz 560.0 0.562 0.687 56.2 68.7 1.8 2.3 22.1 27.0
MHz 580.0 0.537 0.662 53.7 66.2 1.8 2.2 21.2 26.1
MHz 600.0 0.515 0.640 51.5 64.0 1.7 2.1 20.3 25.2
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MHz 600.0 1.174 1.299 117.4 129.9 3.9 4.3 46.2 51.1
MHz 625.0 1.121 1.246 112.1 124.6 3.7 4.1 44.1 49.1
MHz 650.0 1.073 1.198 107.3 119.8 3.5 3.9 42.2 47.2
MHz 700.0 0.986 1.111 98.6 111.1 3.2 3.6 38.8 43.7
MHz 725.0 0.947 1.072 94.7 107.2 3.1 3.5 37.3 42.2
MHz 750.0 0.910 1.035 91.0 103.5 3.0 3.4 35.8 40.8
MHz 775.0 0.876 1.001 87.6 100.1 2.9 3.3 34.5 39.4
MHz 800.0 0.844 0.969 84.4 96.9 2.8 3.2 33.2 38.2
MHz 825.0 0.814 0.939 81.4 93.9 2.7 3.1 32.1 37.0
MHz 850.0 0.786 0.911 78.6 91.1 2.6 3.0 30.9 35.9
MHz 875.0 0.760 0.885 76.0 88.5 2.5 2.9 29.9 34.8
MHz 900.0 0.734 0.859 73.4 85.9 2.4 2.8 28.9 33.8
MHz 925.0 0.711 0.836 71.1 83.6 2.3 2.7 28.0 32.9
MHz 950.0 0.688 0.813 68.8 81.3 2.3 2.7 27.1 32.0
MHz 975.0 0.667 0.792 66.7 79.2 2.2 2.6 26.2 31.2
MHz 1000.0 0.646 0.771 64.6 77.1 2.1 2.5 25.5 30.4
Velocity Factor 85%

For cables such as: LMR-400/240, RG-8U, RG-8X, EcoFlex, CXP-1318, and RF600/400/240
VF 85% Meters Centimeters Feet Inches
MHz 30 8.349 8.474 834.9 847.4 27.4 27.8 328.7 333.6
MHz 40 6.226 6.351 622.6 635.1 20.4 20.8 245.1 250.0
MHz 50 4.951 5.076 495.1 507.6 16.2 16.7 194.9 199.9
MHz 60 4.102 4.227 410.2 422.7 13.5 13.9 161.5 166.4
MHz 70 3.495 3.620 349.5 362.0 11.5 11.9 137.6 142.5
MHz 80 3.040 3.165 304.0 316.5 10.0 10.4 119.7 124.6
MHz 90 2.686 2.811 268.6 281.1 8.8 9.2 105.8 110.7
MHz 100 2.403 2.528 240.3 252.8 7.9 8.3 94.6 99.5
MHz 110 2.172 2.297 217.2 229.7 7.1 7.5 85.5 90.4
MHz 120 1.979 2.104 197.9 210.4 6.5 6.9 77.9 82.8
MHz 130 1.815 1.940 181.5 194.0 6.0 6.4 71.5 76.4
MHz 140 1.675 1.800 167.5 180.0 5.5 5.9 66.0 70.9
MHz 150 1.554 1.679 155.4 167.9 5.1 5.5 61.2 66.1
MHz 160 1.448 1.573 144.8 157.3 4.7 5.2 57.0 61.9
MHz 180 1.271 1.396 127.1 139.6 4.2 4.6 50.0 54.9
MHz 190 1.196 1.321 119.6 132.1 3.9 4.3 47.1 52.0
MHz 200 1.129 1.254 112.9 125.4 3.7 4.1 44.5 49.4
MHz 210 1.068 1.193 106.8 119.3 3.5 3.9 42.1 47.0
MHz 220 1.013 1.138 101.3 113.8 3.3 3.7 39.9 44.8
MHz 230 0.963 1.088 96.3 108.8 3.2 3.6 37.9 42.8
MHz 240 0.917 1.042 91.7 104.2 3.0 3.4 36.1 41.0
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MHz 240 1.979 2.104 197.9 210.4 6.5 6.9 77.9 82.8
MHz 260 1.815 1.940 181.5 194.0 6.0 6.4 71.5 76.4
MHz 280 1.675 1.800 167.5 180.0 5.5 5.9 66.0 70.9
MHz 300 1.554 1.679 155.4 167.9 5.1 5.5 61.2 66.1
MHz 320 1.448 1.573 144.8 157.3 4.7 5.2 57.0 61.9
MHz 340 1.354 1.479 135.4 147.9 4.4 4.9 53.3 58.2
MHz 360 1.271 1.396 127.1 139.6 4.2 4.6 50.0 54.9
MHz 380 1.196 1.321 119.6 132.1 3.9 4.3 47.1 52.0
MHz 400 1.129 1.254 112.9 125.4 3.7 4.1 44.5 49.4
MHz 420 1.068 1.193 106.8 119.3 3.5 3.9 42.1 47.0
MHz 440 1.013 1.138 101.3 113.8 3.3 3.7 39.9 44.8
MHz 460 0.963 1.088 96.3 108.8 3.2 3.6 37.9 42.8
MHz 480 0.917 1.042 91.7 104.2 3.0 3.4 36.1 41.0
MHz 500 0.874 0.999 87.4 99.9 2.9 3.3 34.4 39.3
MHz 520 0.835 0.960 83.5 96.0 2.7 3.1 32.9 37.8
MHz 540 0.799 0.924 79.9 92.4 2.6 3.0 31.4 36.4
MHz 560 0.765 0.890 76.5 89.0 2.5 2.9 30.1 35.0
MHz 580 0.734 0.859 73.4 85.9 2.4 2.8 28.9 33.8
MHz 600 0.704 0.829 70.4 82.9 2.3 2.7 27.7 32.7

MHz 600 1.554 1.679 155.4 167.9 5.1 5.5 61.2 66.1
MHz 625 1.486 1.611 148.6 161.1 4.9 5.3 58.5 63.4
MHz 650 1.423 1.548 142.3 154.8 4.7 5.1 56.0 61.0
MHz 700 1.311 1.436 131.1 143.6 4.3 4.7 51.6 56.5
MHz 725 1.261 1.386 126.1 138.6 4.1 4.5 49.6 54.6
MHz 750 1.214 1.339 121.4 133.9 4.0 4.4 47.8 52.7
MHz 775 1.170 1.295 117.0 129.5 3.8 4.2 46.1 51.0
MHz 800 1.129 1.254 112.9 125.4 3.7 4.1 44.5 49.4
MHz 825 1.091 1.216 109.1 121.6 3.6 4.0 42.9 47.9
MHz 850 1.054 1.179 105.4 117.9 3.5 3.9 41.5 46.4
MHz 875 1.020 1.145 102.0 114.5 3.3 3.8 40.2 45.1
MHz 900 0.988 1.113 98.8 111.3 3.2 3.7 38.9 43.8
MHz 925 0.957 1.082 95.7 108.2 3.1 3.5 37.7 42.6
MHz 950 0.928 1.053 92.8 105.3 3.0 3.5 36.5 41.5
MHz 975 0.900 1.025 90.0 102.5 3.0 3.4 35.5 40.4
MHz 1000 0.874 0.999 87.4 99.9 2.9 3.3 34.4 39.3
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Appendix: RF Sample Port Isolation
The “RF Sample Port” provides a simple and safe path to connect test equipment to the circuit
under test. The port is bi-directional, meaning that a signal from either direction of the thru line
coupler can be monitored, or a signal can be injected into both directions of the thru line coupler.
The Sample Port is passive and has a usable bandwidth from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
The active components of the meter have a narrower bandwidth of 88 MHz to 1 GHz.
The isolation provided by the sample port is consistent at 50 dB +/- 2 dB from 200 MHz up
though 1 GHz (the highest frequency supported by the wattmeter.)
Below 200 MHz the isolation begins to increase as shown in the tables below until it reaches a
maximum of ~62.5 dB at 30 MHz. The response is detailed below for situations where absolute
power levels need to be measured (from the circuit under test) or injected (into the circuit).
Sample Port response across the full 30 to 1000 MHz

RF Sample Port Isolation in dB
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
30 40 50 100 200 300 400 500 800 1000
45
50
50.1 49.4 49.9 49.3
51.2 50.4
55
54.1
60
59.1
65 62.4 61.9
Sample Port response across 30 MHz to 200 MHz

RF Sample Port Isolation in dB
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
30 40 50 100 200
45
50
51.2
55
54.1
60
59.1
65 62.4 61.9
NOTE: RF signals will flow though the through the sample port un-impeded with the
wattmeter power turned on or off. Any live circuits that are monitored with the wattmeter will
not be affected if the wattmeter goes to sleep while connected to the circuit.
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Appendix: Supported Modulation Types
The modulation types are sorted into and listed by family.
New types will be added as they are requested, discovered, and defined.
Analog Frequency Modulation FDMA
Modulation Type Designation Description
CW 150HA1A, Continuous Wave – No Modulation
100HN0N
FM (Narrow) 11K0F3E,
11K2F3E,
11K3F3E Narrow Band FM / 12.5 kbps (2.5 KHz Deviation)
FM (Wide) 20K0F3E,
14K0F1D,
16K0F3E,
16K0F1D,
16K0G3E Wide Band FM / 25 kbps (5 KHz or 4 KHz Deviation)
FM (Broadcast) 200KF8E Broadcast FM with Subsidiary Communications Subcarrier (SCS)
GSC Paging 2K60F1D,
2K60F1E, Motorola
8K30F1D, 2 level Frequency Shift Keying (2-FSK) 12.5 KBs
8K30F1E Encoded with “Golay Sequential Code” (GSC)
POCSAG 11K2F1D, POCSAG (Post Office Code Standardization Advisory Group) UK
16K0F2D FSK +/- 4.5 KHz Shift WB (+/- 2.5 KHz Shift NB)
512, 1200, or 2400 Bits Per Second
SCADA Carrier 6K00F1D,
9K30F1D Carrier Frequency Shift Key (FM)
SCADA Audio 6K00F2D,
6K00F3D Audio Frequency Shift Key or DTMF
Analog Amplitude Modulation FDMA

6K00A3E,
AM (DSB-FC) 3K20A3X Double-Sideband Full-Carrier - Amplitude Modulation
SSB-FC 2K80J3E Single-Sideband Full-Carrier - Amplitude Modulation
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Digital Frequency Modulation FDMA
YAESU Amateur (System Fusion)
C4FM / Fusion 11K2F7W Continuous 4 Level FM (special type of 4FSK modulation) 12.5 KHz
ICOM Amateur (Digital Smart Technologies for Amateur Radio)
D-Star 6K00F7W Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) 6.25 KHz
DMR / d-PMR 7K60FXD, Digital Mobile Radio
Base 7K60FXE 12.5 KHz
5K76G1E, APCO (Assoc of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International)
9K70F1D, 12.5 KHz FDMA – C4FM
P25-I Base 9K70F1E 4800 Symbol Rate = 9600 Data Bit Rate
8K10F1D,
8K10F1E,
8K30F1W, APCO (Assoc of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International)
16K0F1D, 12.5 KHz FDMA – C4FM Only
P25-I Subscriber 16K0F1E 4800 Symbol Rate = 9600 Data Bit Rate
4K00F1D,
4K00F1E,
4K00F1W,
4K00F2D,
8K30F1D,
8K30F1E,
8K30F7W, ICOM / Kenwood (NEXEDGE)
IDAS / NXDN 8K30F2D 6.25 or 12.5 KHz FDMA
Digital Frequency Modulation TDMA

7K60FXD, Digital Mobile Radio
DMR / d-PMR Sub 7K60FXE 12.5 KHz 2-slot TDMA – Subscriber 30ms on/off cycle
APCO (Assoc of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International)
12.5 KHz 2-slot TDMA – H-CPM
P25-II Subscriber 8K10F1W 6000 Symbol Rate = 12000 Data Bit Rate, Subscriber 30ms on/off cycle
PTC - Positive Train Control (North East USA Only) Typ 220-222 MHz
Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System (ACSES) II
12.5 or 25 KHz GMSK (TDMA)
PTC GMSK To measure pwr., radio must be set to transmit on all time slots
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Digital XQPSK Modulation FDMA
PTC QPSK 8K90DXW, PTC - Positive Train Control (All of USA except NE) Typ 217-219 MHz
17K8DXW Interoperable Electronic Train Management System (I-ETMS)
Interoperable Train Control (ITC)
12.5 or 25 KHz Pi/4 DQPSK (TDMA)
To measure pwr., radio must be set to transmit on all time slots
5K76G1E, APCO (Assoc of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International)
9K70F1D, 12.5 KHz FDMA – CQPSK
P25-I Base LSM 9K70F1E 4800 Symbol Rate = 9600 Data Bit Rate
9K80D7W, APCO (Assoc of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International)
9K80F1D, 12.5 KHz 2-slot TDMA – H-DQPSK
P25-II Base 9K80F1E 4800 Symbol Rate = 9600 Data Bit Rate
TETRA1 Base 20K0D1E, Terrestrial Trunked Radio
20K0D1W, ETSI Standard (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
20K0D7D, Allowed Power level = 28 to 46 dBm (.6 to 40 W) in 5 dB steps
20K0D7E, 25 KHz Pi/4 DQPSK (TDMA)
20K0D7W, Base transmits in all time slots any time it is transmitting anything
21K0D1W,
22K0D7D,
22K0D7E,
22K0D7W,
22K0DXW
TETRA2 Base 25K0D7W, Terrestrial Trunked Radio - also known as TEDS (TDMA+OFDMA)
100KD7W, Enhanced Data Services = 25 kB, 50 kB, 100 kB or 150 kB Channel BW
150KD7W Base transmits in all time slots any time it is transmitting anything
Digital XQPSK Modulation TDMA

TETRA1 Sub 20K0D1E, Terrestrial Trunked Radio
20K0D7D, Allowed Power level = 15 to 45 dBm (.03 to 30 W) in 5 dB steps
20K0D7E, 25 KHz Pi/4 DQPSK (TDMA) 4.8 KB Voice or up to 7.2 KB data per slot
20K0D7W, One Slot = 14.167 ms TX & 42.500 ms Off
21K0D1W, Two Slot = 28.334 ms TX & 28.334 ms Off
22K0D7D, Three Slot = 42.500 ms TX & 14.167 ms Off
22K0D7E, Four Slot = TX continuously (all 56.667 ms Frame)
22K0D7W, To measure pwr., subscriber must TX on talk group that uses all time slots
22K0DXW
TETRA2 Sub 25K0D7W, Terrestrial Trunked Radio - also known as TEDS (TDMA+OFDMA)
100KD7W, Enhanced Data Services = 25 kB, 50 kB, 100 kB or 150 kB Channel BW
150KD7W One Slot = 14.167 ms TX & 42.500 ms Off
Two Slot = 28.334 ms TX & 28.334 ms Off
Three Slot = 42.500 ms TX & 14.167 ms Off
Four Slot = TX continuously (all 56.667 ms Frame)
To measure pwr., subscriber must TX on talk group that uses all time slots
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Appendix: Special Test Cases
Positive Train Control (PTC) Radios
For all PTC radios (Base, Wayside or Locomotive) set the radio to transmit a PN9 test pattern
while taking a power measurement with the 44D. When in test mode the radio will transmit in
all time slots, giving the meter a stable signal to measure.
When a PTC radio is in normal mode, the 44D does not know what or how many time slots have
transmit energy; thus only the peak power measurement will be accurate, the average power and
calculated values may not be accurate.
TETRA Subscriber Radios

For all Tetra 1 & 2 subscriber radios (mobile or hand held) create a test talk group that requires
all time slots. When testing any subscriber radio in the field, tune the “channel” to this talk
group before attempting to take a power measurement. When the radio is transmitting in all time
slots, the meter has a stable signal to measure
When a Tetra subscriber radio is in normal mode, the 44D does not know what or how many
time slots have transmit energy; thus only the peak power measurement will be accurate, the
average power and calculated values may not be accurate.
Tetra base and repeater radios do not need a special talk group, the repeaters always transmit in
all time slots.
Monitoring an Antenna that follows a TX Combiner

The 44D relies on the ability to know the frequency of the signal being measured in order to
provide the high absolute accuracy indicated in the specifications. The frequency counter of the
44D may or may not resolve an accurate frequency of any carrier when multiple transmitters are
transmitting at the same time (such as the case with a combiner output.)
Even though the meter may calculate an incorrect absolute power measurement when two or
more carriers are seen at the same time; the meter still can indicate the health of the system,
feedline or antenna. The meter is still able to accurately measure calculated ratios
(VSWR/Return Loss.) The meter is also able to measure the difference in average and peal
power seen (Crest factor measurement.)
Over time, changes in the “apple to apples” measurements of individual transmitters, the output
power reading of the combiner, and the antenna VSWR/return loss – help to indicate and localize
problems in a combiner or antenna system.
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Appendix: Specification Validation
This section is a simplified and brief overview of the engineering and production tests that are
applied to the 44D to verify that it meets published specifications.
Measuring Instruments and Ancillary Equipment

The items listed below are used in one or more of our engineering or production test setups.
Description Make Model
Signal Generator Keysight NS5172B
FM Broadcast Transmitter WNRF FMT 2.0 (1000 W)
Power Amplifier HD Communications HD18869
Power Amplifier SMX100 T1909-1015
Power Amplifier Mini Circuits ZHL-100W-GANT
Coax Cable Telewave M17/060 – RG142
50 Ohm 30 dB High Pwr Attn. Bird 8329-300
50 Ohm 30 dB Med Pwr Attn. Bird 500-WA-MFN-30
50 Ohm 10 dB Med Pwr Attn. Bird 10-A-MFN-10
50 Ohm Precision Termination Telewave TWL-150/60/35
Directional Coupler NARDA 3020
Signal Analyzer Agilent Technologies N9000A
Reference Power Sensor Mini Circuits PWR-SEN-4GHS
Baseline Test Setup

This test setup is used to verify the power reading of the 44D.
Harmonics on amplifier output suppressed to be below -20 dBc.
For all test cases the cables and attenuator between the DUT and the reference meter have been
labeled and checked for absolute attenuation across the entire frequency bandwidth of the DUT.
Blue Line = RF Signal

Green Line = Control Signal
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Thru Line Power Measurement Verification
Using the Baseline Test Setup
1. Calibrate the DUT to reference meter components
2. The DUT is inserted into the assembled baseline setup
3. At multiple frequencies the forward power reading of the DUT is compared to the reference
meter minus the calibrated insertion loss
4. The input and output cables are reversed on the DUT
5. At multiple frequencies the reverse power reading of the DUT is compared to the reference
meter minus the calibrated insertion loss
Thru Line Directivity Verification

1. Calibrate the DUT to reference meter components
2. The DUT is inserted into the assembled baseline setup
3. Terminate the DUT with a precision load.
4. At multiple frequencies the reverse power reading of the DUT is compared to the forward
power reading (the forward directivity is calculated from the difference.)
6. At multiple frequencies the forward power reading of the DUT is compared to the reverse
power reading (the reverse directivity is calculated from the difference.)
Thru Line Match Verification

1. Calibrate the losses of a cable to insert between the power amplifier and the DUT.
2. Insert a forward and reverse power meter between the power amplifier and the DUT.
3. Terminate the DUT with a precision load.
4. At multiple frequencies check the forward and reverse power seen on the reference meter
(the forward VSWR/Return Loss is calculated from the difference.)
6. At multiple frequencies check the forward and reverse power seen on the reference meter
(the reverse VSWR/Return Loss is calculated from the difference.)
RF Sample Port Match Verification

Starting from the Baseline Test Setup
1. Terminate the DUT thru line input and output connectors with precision terminations
2. Calibrate cables to connect between the:
a. DUT RF sample port and the directional coupler
b. directional coupler and the reference power meter
c. directional coupler and the signal generator
3. Connect one calibrated cable from the signal generator to the reference power meter
4. At multiple frequencies check the power measured on the reference meter (baseline)
5. Calculate the loss through the final cable setup and the directional coupler
6. Connect the directional coupler to the: DUT, signal generator and reference power meter
7. At multiple frequencies check the power measured on the reference meter (delta)
8. Calculate the RF Sample Port VSWR/Return Loss from the difference between the baseline
measurement and the delta + calculated loss of the cables and directional coupler
3 Jul 2018
44D User Manual
Thru Line to RF Sample Port Isolation Verification
a. DUT RF sample port and the reference power meter
b. DUT thru line input/output connector and the signal generator
2. Terminate the DUT thru line output connector with a precision termination
3. Connect one calibrated cable from the RF sample port to the reference power meter
4. Connect one calibrated cable from the DUT thru line input connector to the signal generator
5. At multiple frequencies check the power measured on the reference power meter
6. Insertion loss @ frequency = ((Generator dBm + Cable Loss dBm) - Reference meter dBm)
7. Terminate the DUT thru line input connector with a precision termination
8. Connect one calibrated cable from the DUT thru line output connector to the signal generator
RF Sample Port to Thru Line Isolation Verification

a. DUT RF sample port and the signal generator
b. DUT thru line input/output connector and the reference power meter
2. Terminate the DUT thru line output connector with a precision termination
3. Connect one calibrated cable from the RF sample port to the signal generator
4. Connect one calibrated cable from the DUT thru line input connector to the power meter
7. Terminate the DUT thru line input connector with a precision termination
8. Connect one calibrated cable from the DUT thru line output connector to the power meter
3 Jul 2018

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44D User Manual

44D Digital/Analog Broadband RF

2. Keep the meter away from sources of moisture or excessive humidity.

Notes regarding Lithium Batteries

Original Circuit ½ WL Increment

Insert test cables 44D

Type C Europe (except UK), Ireland, Cyprus, Malta

Type G UK, Ireland, Cyprus, Malta, Malaysia, Singapore,

Type I Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Argentina,

Charging the Battery

Power Range (Constant Env) Modulation

Power Range (Non-Constant Env) Modulation

Optional Leather Case

Optional Connector Adapter Kit

Optional “QC – Quick Connect” Thru-Line Connectors

Optional Thru Line Adapters

WARNING: Contact Telewave support at support@telewave.com or call 408-929-4400

Meter Connection Diagram

Insert test cables 44D

Find the base cable length:

Sample = ((299792458/445000000) * 0.85 *0.5) = 0.29 meters or 28.6 cm

Subtract 2 cm for the 2 N Male connectors on the end of the cable:

Subtract 12.5 cm for the meter:

Sample Primary and Secondary Cable Lengths

Velocity Factor 66%

Velocity Factor 85%

4 Wave Length Cables

Sample Port response across the full 30 to 1000 MHz

Sample Port response across 30 MHz to 200 MHz

Analog Amplitude Modulation FDMA

Digital Frequency Modulation TDMA

Digital XQPSK Modulation TDMA

TETRA Subscriber Radios

Monitoring an Antenna that follows a TX Combiner

Measuring Instruments and Ancillary Equipment

Baseline Test Setup

Blue Line = RF Signal

Thru Line Directivity Verification

Thru Line Match Verification

RF Sample Port Match Verification

RF Sample Port to Thru Line Isolation Verification

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