J TPATOBH HALIET CPEQHOBEKOBHOFr MPABA Y TYPCKMM MIPABHAM CIOMEHHUMMA TypcKo mpaso y Bpeme ocnajama namux Kpajesa sacnupaao ce na: 1) wepujary, ucnamckum npaBHum mponucuma, u 2) Kanynuma, WapcKHM ypeOama ca 3akOHCKOM cHarom. Iepujar je cauntasao raaBHy OCHOBy TypcKor mpaba, a KaHyHH, ype6e, cayxune cy Kao weroBa JonyHa. Tlorpe6a onyimabata Typckor mpasHor cucTema oceruaa ce Hapo4uTo y Bpeme yOp3anor Oceajaiba BusaHTUCKHX OGnacTH u O6- wlactu GamKaHckux Hapoga. Oxsupu Taqammer TypcKor npaBa 6unH cy mpeyckn ja Gu ce NOX UX MOrAM MOABECTH CBA OAHOCH y HOBO- OcBojeum Kpajesuma. SaTeyen pyuiTBeHH OZHOCH HuTH cy ce Mora: MaMouhu HuTH Cy ce Nak Mora yBeK noABecTH Hox OnpeRGe koje cy oraqa Ouse wa cHas y TypcKOj ApxaBu. MKuBor je Tpaxuo cBoje 4 Hamarao 4a ce AoTaqawwe TYPCKO NpaBo AonyHH uw npwaarogn, kako 64 ce Moro WeNHCXOAHO ypeAMTH CTaibe y OcBOjeHHM KpajeBuma. Osy creap Typua cy pemapanu Ha 7Ba HayuHa: 1) npH3naBarbem o6uuajHor npawa moKopenHx Hapona 2) H3naBatem ypenada ca 3a- KOHCKOM CHaroM rye cy ycBojeHe mHore npapHe ycraHoBe THX Hapona. Typexa je saucra Ocaaibajyhu ce Ha mepyjarcKa npapHa Havena Mpw3nana nojequuum Munetuma, Bepckum sajequnnama vemycaumana, Mocta iupoke Bepcke camoynpase.! Tlopem ocraor Tum ce sajen- HulamMa fpw3Haio y Hayeay MH Npaso a Mpumemyjy cBoje azere, Bepck€ WH HapoqHe mpasHe oGuyaje Ha ofHoce rpakancKo-npasne upapore.* Jlakae, nowanuyu wencnamcKe pepe mora cy 10 cBOjuM + Vicaam npnsuaje nepexe nosaactime KnraGnjama, caeaGenmutma Mojcujesor u Xpuicrosor yweta. Hbuwa ce npusiaje npaso HcnoBenatba M yuerba Bepe, ynpaBmama BePCKHM H MMOBHHCKHM MOCTOBHMA, H3RABara YpeaaGa M cyhera cpojHm HcToRepHH- uuMa 0 BepcKoM H OGuYajHoM npaay H, Hajsan, mpazo npuOupaa npHaora H nopesa. Osa ce npasa nssoxe 13 Kypawa u Cyneta noctynka Myxamexora Koji je 623 ronune MojleaHo caMoyapasHe HoBjiactTue MOHacHMa Matactapa csete Katapue Ha Cunajy, a 631 roaute xpnmhanuma us Heypana. Tpumep Myxamenos caeaema cy meron Hacacaunun (xazde). Ha ocHony Tora mepijarckm npaBHuuM nocTanmajy Haueaa o HpasuMa Hi AYxHOcTHwa ToaaHHKa xpumhancKe u jenpejcKe Bepe, EG ya’ Xacan — Aan Mapepan, Ex’ axxamy. cyatanuja, Kaupo, 121—147; M6u Pyuia, Buaaja, Kaupo, 1, 308-325, Y tom cuncay nocrynaao ce ny TypeKoj, me cy sepcKe sajeanuue nemy- cauMauta oGpasosaae, Kako ce BeaH, apkany y aprkasu. F. van den Steen de Jehay, De la situation légale des sujets ottomans non-musulmans, Bruxelles 1906, 23. 2 ,Hexa caeaGenunm Jenanhewa cyze no ovome mro uM je Pocnox ty o6jasno* (Kypan, V—47). Canna onpen6a noctoju 3a Jespeje, Koja tpe6a na cyiie no Topu (Kypan, V—44 u 45). O tome noGauxe: Heced, Tehenp, Kanpo 1344, 1, 221 n 222; Bejaann, Tedcup, Kanpo 1320, 1, 195. .He tpe6a crasmata npenpexy y caysajy Kan ce OHM cope o KakBoM mpaBy M OGpate ce cBoMe cTapemlHiH a HM TO mpecyan*. Masepan 8. 1. 140. 5t68 Mexwex Berosuth ageruma, 10 CBOjaM MMcaHHM M HenMcaHHM npaBiuM OGm4ajuMa, pa- cnpaBbaTH cBOje NOpOAM4He, HACMeAHe, CTBAPHO-NpaBHe, TpaxGeHe H tpropayke oauoce. To opzamhere uasonn ce w3 Kypana Koj cmatpa a wepHjarcko mpaso Ma cakpaqHH xKapakTep 4 Ja Ma BHUe HlepcouaaHu Hero TepHTopujaauM KapakTep, 3HayH Ja ce OHO He MpH- melbyj@ y WesocTH H O6aBe3HO Ha CBE MOMAHHKE HETO CaMO Ha CIeL- Genuke ucnama. [lo ce rave CneaOeHuKa Apyrux Bepa, mepujarcKo npaBo Updmeryje ce Ha tux O6aBesHO YTONMKO YKONMKO ce palH © npasHum omHocuma y Kojuma je 3aMHTepecoBana AprkKABa HIM MYCIH- manu, [Ipema TOMe Ha NOZaHuKe HewcmamcKe Bepe TpeOa 2a ce mpH- memyjy 06a8e3H0 Ca MaaquM M3y3ellMMa NpONnHCH KpHBMYHOr, alMMHH- cTpaTHBHor, Hopeckor 4 semubuuHOr mpaBa.* Typcka je TOKOm BpemeHa cy>kaBana Kpyr mpumexe o6muajuor npana a Wak uw wlepHjarcKor mpaaa u3qawarbem KanyHa, ypenada ca 3akoHcKom cHarom. Ose ypea6e umajy TepuTopujaniu kapaxrep u aGapesHe cy 3a cBe NOnaHuKe 6e3 oGsupa Ha Bepy. Tako je TypcKa y XIX weky myrem opux ypemaGa ca 3aKOHCKOM cHaroM OCceTHO orpauwuuaa HainexHoct BepcKux CyqoBa, a C THM y Be3H H NpumenHy oOu4aajHor mpaBa cBojux nowanuKa Hemycnumana. Ox Tora Bpemena oO OOw4ajHOM HM BepcKOM MpaBy Moran cy ce pacnpaBDaTu NopoAMaAH M HacmeqHH onHocH.* Bepckum sajequuuama mpu3uato je no wepujaty “ npaBo cy- hema y coposuma rpalancko-mpaBhe MpHpode HXOBAx ce AOeHMKa- To mpaso cyherba Oumo je Aomyme dakyaraTuBHo. To 3HauM Aa ce caeqoewMuHMa u3BeCHOr BePCKOr yuerba OcTaBbata Moryhuoct fa Gupajy Ko he um pemura cnop oBakse npupoze, Y Tom norsezy octaBbana wm ce Tpojaka moryhuocr: 1) 4a ce o6pate xzyxoBHoM cyay cBoje sajequnye; 2) 1a noBepe pemaBame cuopa 430paHMM Cy M- jama (u36paum cy — TaxKwm), mu 3) Ma ce OSpaTe mepujaTcKom cyay (Kaquja) xa um oH coop peux. Crpauke cy ce y Osaksoj npununu o6w4Ho oGpahane AyxoBHum cynopuMa cpoje BepcKe 3ajequaue. Jlyxosnn cya morao je nyHoBaxHO pemapara uasecuu rpahancKo-npasuu cnop mom ycnoBom: 1) na ce paqu o cnopy eroBHxX HCTOBepHHKa, a He O MemOBHTOM cHopy, y KoMe cy 3aMHTepecoBane crpaike Apyror BepceKor yuewa; 2) ma y cnopy uuje 3auHrepecosawa xpxapa; 3) 4a cy ce crpaHke cmopa- symuo oOparume wa ayxosHw cya® Jlyxopum cyqosu moraM cy pe- ulapaTa Te chopone nO cBOjHM BepCKHM NPONMCHMa HH NO MpaBHAM o6agajuma. ® Ha wax ce npuemyjy nponticH wamer Kpusuutior mpapa aKo ce 0 mbHX orpeme*, Masepan, on. nut. 140. Jlyxosuum cytosmma octapma ce y Hayeny Moryh- Hoct 1a Cyne M3ReCHa KPHBAUHA nena MpoTHB Bepe H UpKBe. “To ce suau ua Xatu-Xymajywa om 18 Il 1856, 4a. XIM .[Moce6an rpahartcxn enoposd Kao HACAEAH H APYCH cHoposH UsMehy NOAaMUKazHcTOr xpaMhaueKor yuera Maw XPYTHX HeMyCaHMAHA MOFY, M10 HHIXOBOM TpaxeMy, OuTH ynyheHM cyAOBHMa natpujapmuckuM A cysoBuMa BepcKx aajenuuua," Tocae tora xoHeT je Aus Npouwca KOjHM ce Orparluana HALAEAHOCT LYXOBHHX CYAOBA Ha NOPOAHAHE H HaCAeAHe OAHOCE. 5 JAKo Teronu ucToBepAMM ONOHjy 1a HM 1HMXOB MoraaBHNA cyAH, OHH Ha TO He Mory OntH npucHsenn* Manepan, H. 2. 62.Tparonn Hamer cpeamoneKosior npasa 69 Crpauke cy takole nosepapane peliapawe opaksux cnopoBa 4 cyaujama Koje Ou one y Ty cBpxy usaGpane.® Crpanke cy y u36paun cya O6u4HO Cupane yraenne Hy Ae cBora Kpaja, cBoje npBake. Ms6pane cyauje peuiapane cy cnopope no HapoxHum npaBium o6muajuma, Hbuxosa ofayKa Ouna je nyHoBaxHa camo y OAHOCy Ha CTpaHKe koje cy wx m3a6paae, Hajsay, aa yrspqumo Kay je u Kako je Kagquja pemiapao rpa- haHcko-mpasHe cnopoBe nOxanHKa HeucaamcKe Bepe. Kanuja je HeKaza 6uO HadexaH 2a O6aBesHO peuiaBa cnopoBe TaKBe BpCTe, a HeKa (bakyaratusno. On je 0GaBe3sno pemaBao oBaKBe cnopose y caexehum cay4ajesuma: 1) Kay je y cnopy saunrepecopana Ap2aBa; 2) Kan je cnop MeulopuTe npupose, cnop usmehy myciuMaHa H HemycaMMana u cnop u3mely HemycaMMana pa3sHux BepcKHx yu4eba. Y OBakKBHM cayuajenuma crpanke cy ce morae oOpatuTu jequno Kaquju 2a uM cnop peu.’ Vunaye, kaquja je ocrane cnopose rpahawcKo-npapue npupose Koja Gu nacraam w3mehy noqauuka Hemycaumana pemiapao cakyara- TuBno, Ou je Morao oBakBe cnopoBe pellaBaTH MOA ycaoBoM Ja cy ce crpanke Ha era cnopasymMHO OOpaTuae. Ou je, Jake, OBAE BPLKO yaory u36panor cyquje m Kao TakaB Morao ce y Hayeay on cyhewa yereruyTH M ynyTHTH crpauKe 7a uM chop pemimM AyxoBHM cyt HIM us6panu cym.® Kanuja ce 4ak y H3necHuM Cy4ajesumMa Mopao ycTer- HyTH On cyhera y rpahancko-npaBuuM cnopoBuma Hemycaumana. Tako ce memy HHje NpHM4H10 a pemaBa cnopoBe O BepCKHM MIMTabuMa HO CTBapMMa Ca KOjuMa je MyCimMaHuMa 3a6paweH MpOMeT, KAO WTO cy cnoposu oO Buny 4 cBHHeTHHH.? Y cayyajy a Kanuja npucrynu pewasary u3Becuor rpahancko-npasHor cnopa Hemycaumana, Ono je Ayan a Takas cnop pacipasu no nponucuma mepujatcKor nmpapa.’? © Ycranona wa6panor cyaa nosuata je w mepujarcxom mpany. Crpankaua ce, Ge3 pasanke Ha tuxoBy Bepy, Aaje Morybioct ga ce Nocay:xKe OBAKBHM CyROM y cBAM cnoposuMa re ce 103B0maBA NOpaBHarbe Mehy crpaukaMa. OjayKa Tora cya oGane- syje camo cTpauke y nitamy M MOXe Ce H3BPLINTH CAMO YKOAMKO ce OAHOCH Ha Te erpauxe. Meyena, § 1790 m § 1841—1851. 7 To ce wHu Ma paazora Aa ce O4YGA BEpCKH wip; HHaYe Mora GH Moh 20 mpuctpachor cyherba 1 40 cykoGa uaMehy BepcKux sajeanuua, [epajat ne no380mana wak 1a caeaGeHuun pasuux Bepa nacaehyjy jeauH mpyre 110 3aKoHCKOM Peay Hacae- hunana. Y Erunty jou # xawac croje Ha cranosauiry ta sepcKu cyaosM Mem ycanwana Mory CYANTH cao cBojHM HcToBepHHuuMa, M. Morand, Efudes de Droit musulman, Alger 1931, 106. 8 ,Ako TH ce onM OOpare, cyaM uM na ce ycTerHH... ako uM cyaHu, cyai npasusno* (Kypan, V—42). Kaauja Gn tpe6aao no Mumsemy Bejaasuje na pacnpasu chop mehy KHtaOujama nodanunHMa Hencaamcke Bepe y cayuajy na My ce o6anse erpanke cnopasymuo oOpate. Kaanja 6m ucTo Tako 6vo WalaexaH 2a pacupaBn cnop ako jeatoj crpann tpeGa npy>XHTH MpHBpeMeHO saINTHTY H OTKTOHHTH On ME HACHde, fa Ma apyra crpawa Ha To He mpucraaa. Bejaasu, Tecpcup, I, 194. ® |He tpe6a ce mematu y cay4ajy Kan HacTaue Hecaarame mehy wtnhenuuama Jespejuma u xpumhanuma nosojom HuXOBe Bepe Ha KAR Mehy HUMa MocTOjM pasi- 4axkeibe y seponamy*, Masepan, x. 2. 140. #2 ,Cyaw mu 10 oHoMe wTo TH je O6jasmeHo* (Kypas, V—48). Hma nocta upumepa aa cy Kaluje y'ectHosane npi cKaanawy mpasHHx Nocaosa H pemaBay cnopona rpahaicko-npasiie npupoxe usMehy wTuhenuka, nolanuKa HeHCaaMcKe Bepe. Onn cy y Taksum caysajesnwa noctynaau iio wepnjatckam mponucuma. To ce Bua, Ha npunep, ws Cryuaa capajesckor cyaa, rae Hwa MpHMepa aa cy mTHhenMUM noweKaN