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The Condenser Performance Test and Thermal Performance Analysis of Variable Conditions in TQNPC
The Condenser Performance Test and Thermal Performance Analysis of Variable Conditions in TQNPC
ABSTRACT
Condenser is one of the important auxiliary equipments in nuclear power plants. The thermal efficiency of the entire
unit was depended on the condenser performance. Cleanliness factor and condenser corrected pressure are the two most
important evaluation indexes. The definition and derivation of these two evaluation indexes were elaborated and clari-
fied in this paper. And the condenser performance at variable conditions was analyzed. The seawater temperature, pipe
plugging rate and seawater volume rate effect on unit output was calculated. The calculation method was simple, which
can provide reference guidance for similar power plant.
old cooling pipes of the heat transfer coefficient was Kf, Then we calculated the condenser performance of
so cleanliness coefficient as follows[2]: TQNPC using the equation 12 and test data. The results
C f K f / Kc (6) were shown in Table 1.
We can get the values of the pipes cleanliness using
Hu Honghua [3] proposed another algorithm of Cf, as the above equations, and we can also get the amount of
follows. influence of factors on heat transfer coefficient. The
KT condenser cleanliness coefficient was 0.82 in PT-01,
Cf C fD (7) which reduced the rate of 3.12% compared with the de-
K HEI
sign value. In PT-02 the condenser cleanliness coeffi-
CfD was the selected cleanliness coefficient during the cient was dropped to 0.77, which reduced the rate of
calculation of KHEI according the HEI standard [4]. 10.23% compared with the design value.
In addition, the reference [5] proposed the following
cleaning coefficient calculation method. 4. The Condenser Correction Pressure
K We can get the following conclusions according to the
c (8)
K0 t m condenser heat transfer equation in HEI standard [4]. The
higher the cooling temperature, the higher the heat trans-
βC was cleanliness coefficient, K0 was heat transfer coef- fer coefficient; larger the cycle water volume flow, the
ficient, βt was the cooling water inlet temperature correc- higher the heat transfer coefficient. In the same, the
tion factor, βm was Pipe material and tube wall thickness cleaner the cooling water pipes, the higher the heat
correction factor. transfer coefficient, and vice versa.
These cooling pipe cleaning coefficient formulas The cooling water temperature was not likely to be
seemed contradict, their relationship was as follows. exactly the design value (eg. 20℃) when the condenser
Kf and Kc in formula 6 was heat transfer coefficients of performance test carried on. Neither was the cooling wa-
fouling pipes and new pipes,respectively. But they were ter volume flow.
measured by the fouling resistance test. In formula 7, the The heat transfer coefficient correction equation was
author proposed that the cleanliness coefficient was the as follows:
ratio of test transfer coefficient and KHEI, and was cor- K c K t Fv Ft Fc (13)
rected with CfD. In formula 8, the expression of cleanli-
ness coefficient was different with formula 7, it was de- VD
duced by formula 6, and corrected CfD was eliminated. Fv (14)
VT
So formulas 7 and 8, actually were a calculation method.
The formula 6 and 7 and 8, although the same physical
meaning, but has a completely different calculation and Table 1. The calculation of condenser cleanliness coefficient.
methods of expression. Design
Reference [4] lists various components test data which Parameters Unit PT-01 PT-02
value
impacted the heat transfer coefficient. These experimen- Pipe diameter mm 25.4 25.4 25.4
tal data had proven to be more accurately. In China we
Wall thickness mm 0.65 0.65 0.65
also refer to these data in national standard. Therefore,
these test data was used to judge the condenser cleanli- seawater flow rate m/s 1.97 2.02 1.98
ness coefficient. Inlet Water temperature ℃ 18.8 18.8 14.9
The following equations were obtained by fitting these Outlet Water temperature ℃ 27.8 27.5 23.8
test data in HEI standard. Cleanliness coefficient 0.85 0.82 0.77
K 0 1260.7 1609.63V 162.88V 2 (9) Heat transfer coefficient 2
kW/(m ·℃) 2880 2825 2483
tD
Ft (15) 9
1T
condenser pressure(kPa)
8
C fD
Fc cD (16) 7
cT C fT
In the above equations, Kc was the corrected heat 6
sure was 4.91kPa, which was larger than the design value seawater temperature(℃)
4.90 kPa. It indicated than the condenser performance
was worse than the design value. Figure 1. Condenser pressure curve under different sea-
water temperature.
5. Condenser Thermal Performance
Analyses of Variable Conditions 3.75
pressure and unit output with the cooling pipes plugging -0.05
rate using the above equations. The results were shown
in Figures 2 and 3.
-0.10
Table 2. The results of condenser corrected pressure.
Design
Parameter Unit PT-01 PT-02
value
-0.15
Condenser heat load kW 1328146 1340349.9 1338410.7 0 0.5% 1% 1.5% 2% 2.5%
0.4
indexes were elaborated and clarified in this paper. And
0.3 the condenser performance at variable conditions was
0.2 analyzed. The seawater temperature, pipe plugging rate
0.1
and seawater volume rate effect on unit output were cal-
culated. The calculation method was simple, which could
0.0
provide reference guidance for similar power plant.
-0.1
-0.2
REFERENCES
-0.3
design flow test flow 5% 10% 15% 20% [1] The People’s Republic of China National Development
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Test Code on Steam Surface Condensers operation,” Bei-
Figure 4. The unit output under different seawater volume jing, 2007.
flow. [2] The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, “ASME
PTC12.2 1998, Performance Test Code on Steam Surface
The seawater volume flow at test conditions was larger Condensers,” New York.1998.
than design values. So the impact of seawater volume [3] H. H. Hu, X. P. Wang and Y. Yang, “Test and Correction
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results were shown in Figure 4. Unit,” Power Station Power Station Auxiliaries, No. 12,
The seawater mass flow was 39441.2 kg/s, which was 2004, pp. 13-17
6.5% larger than the design value 36833.5 kg/s. Ac cord- [4] Heat Exchange Institute, “Standards for Steam Surface
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seawater mass flow decrease to design value, the unit [5] The People’s Republic of China National Development
output decrease 1.7 MW. If the seawater flow increase and Reform Commission, “DL/T932-2005 Guide of Op-
eration and Maintenance for the Condenser and Vacuum
10%, and the unit output can improved 1.9 MW.
System of Power Plant,” Beijing, 2005.
Based on the seawater pump curve and the pump
power, it calculated that the pump power could save [6] D. M. Xu, Y. Ke and S. Y. Wang Shiyong, “The General
Calculation Method and Its Application of Turbine Back
380.7 kW, but the unit output decrease 1.7 MW, so the Pressure,” Thermal Power Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 6,
unit economic efficiency at test condition was better than 2010, pp. 605-684
the design volume flow. [7] Q. S. Zhao, D. B. Deng and Y. Liu, “The Accurate Ther-
mal Performance History Files of Wet Steam Turbine in
6. Conclusions Nuclear Power Plant,” 2012 Asia-Pacific Power and En-
ergy Engineering Conference, shanghai, 28-31 March
Condenser is one of the important auxiliary equipments 2012.
in nuclear power plants. The thermal efficiency of the
entire unit was mostly depended on the condenser per-