INTRODUCTION: THE IDEOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF GLOBALIZATION. From it beginnings in the ealy 1990s, the Aedalig Mel of pba sade was dom ‘ated by acount focusing przaiy on he conom:c and technological agpets of go Dalizatin, To be sre, proper recognition ofthe crucial zoe of Integrating markets ‘nd se information technologies should be pat of any comprebensve undertan tng of glbaization, bt tis equal impor {aot fo avoid the trap of technological ond ‘scobomi reductions. Ae Malem Waters (2001) ooeerves, the inreusiagy symbol cally mediated ant reflexive character of today's conomie exchanges sugges at ‘both the ultral and politcal stenas ae becoming more aetvated and energetic Ad ye, despite the burgeoning feent lit frture on crucial cltural ant politcal "spect of globalization, researchers have aid isuiient stot othe global ei falation cf ideas andthe mnpact onthe ‘pid extiason of social interactions and Imerdependecies across tine and apace 2 Market Globalism Manfred 8. Steger Save fr few notale exceptions (Raper, 2000; Sas 2002; Mitelman, 2004, Sores 2008, 2008), globalization scholars eve been suprisingly reluctant To ene the sty ran of ideology Bucking the tend, is chapter explores the ideological dimension of globalization with paticnar stertion tots portant Adscurive futures Afr n genceal vee ‘view af the role and function of poles ieologes within a) overarching la ‘imaginary’ suggest thatthe demi ide ology nf aur tine — market glbslouy ons ef seta ve coe clas thay uci semantic and poles! ros. With egard to semantics, 1 argue that these laims asorb and raring tls and pices of sever exablished ideologies ade site hen with new concepts into ese salobal political belief systcn whose toe onsts chiety of preserving ad ensctng symmetical power situs that beet Patcular sci groups wedied tothe =n es of newliberalsm (Steger, 2010) 1 sud fhe chapiee with + shor discussion of how, dung the yeas of President Gerge2 “HE SE HANDBOOK OF GLOBALIZATION 1. Bush's administration (2001-9) market soba way "toughened op ino what fall pec gba” ool f0 cela ‘nisin econumisiarteslaton inte wake Gf he Global Financial Crisis 2008-9) and the ongoing Euopesn Debt Crisis POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES AND THE GLOBAL IMAGINARY Following Mise! Frede's (1986, 2003) tod Lyman Ter Saget (209) suggestion Thay Bele tens serve a engine tnope that cht cri mesons of the Dosa wor {define ideology’ assy Srwsely shed ens, patra bali, eu Tne nom sd valve and eas aceped 8 In oy tone proupe loeloges oft in ‘eae or lee coberet psi of te Mork tea but abo a ought tee doing thy el rane the emen dus comgleuty of human experince nt fast single but equenty intr ages toa slogans tha serve ts guide wn compass for scl al pliten action Ea ideology i Stuctued' woul cove chime whieh Sit ‘fom oer ideals and endow it ‘Spec conceptal form or morpbolog” “Rr Freie (1996: 7) putt “Celt soya of ideologies the proposition tha thy ate cratered by a mophology that dnplay core aincent td peripheral oucepn" Wat makes sn eoony poli” that ts came elec, privlege, and con St sei meanings reed to he excise St pomer ia soley. enlogis speak oer Sdiences in sie and’ namtiver whose ‘aims peiage, rate, ejle, convince ‘Sonn and stingy rat om Tse ede ieoogies enable people 10 ac, Sle ot th same tine comseusing et {tions by Ending them to paral set of ‘eas, aos ad values. “The tant welogy’ as it cane by Aatoise Deut de Tay the ate eighth ‘nt, The Ealigheent tinker sgt 1 tbh pour selec fide emo} {netic epee oo of mara selec o-map syste of thot Int Naolsonc es, how rer idol soquied te pejoratie mesaing Gf fabebod? or ‘ele toro’ ta it fas reine ia poe dsoouse wnt eu ime (Siege 2008), Prenhplosphes Pal Ricoeur (0986) identified the astorel lens and fanetoce of alg. Drawing on Be insights ff ibe Marys tion, be caracerzed the fit fnctonl lvl of ology asditorton, that ite prediction of cotored images of foci ali, Most inporanl, de pros of {Enon hud te sonra betwocs ings they my be eoviionad in hery aad ng 8 they play heaves ut 0 the plane of ate fal ely Indo, ll ideologies semble a pee ofthe wold based on « pela mi fe tht bot repens aod dors soca focenes Yet, Rooms dngreed sith Ker rss son that atarton expla al tee ‘to wclogy. For te French pulsoper, di ‘ron was marey ene af te tree in fe tions of deoogy epreenting the sae level ‘ofa nornon cons we more fone ton at ropeivel exper lees, Inspr bythe weags Max Weber (Gah nd Nils, 1946) nd Ket Manni 1986). [coeur enti leimarion asthe second Fmctional level of slog): Two mai fe tor were involved bee: the clan to legit Inacy mde by the ring shor, and the rset nthe authosy' apsenacy grated by is subject Aceepting. are pars of ‘lobe expunaton of roca atom, Racca ighlighodiSology’s faction ef mediating the gap between belie! aod lain. For Manan, twas the ak ofthe istlgent fie eapable of ng above ther clas and Hsoreel content to provide objective exp ‘ations ofthe dsrepancy between te pope Tar ble inthe legtiacyof tering lass nd the autho’ lam othe ret 1 rl icoour'saalls was completed in is eterno gration te ta fatal tere of iesogy Drawing on he wets of ‘he Amencan anthropologist Cliford Geers (1973), who emphasized te symbolic sus fee of oc ection, Rico caimed atom the deepest evel, eologyplaysa mediating tr inepratie role, I provider soley ithsalty oi creates, presenes, and protests the soea identity of persons aa group. In its constive faction, idelony splice the symbols, noon, and images that pita the process oF aisembling and boling {opeter inicul and collective ete ‘Bos ideology assumes 3 conserve fe oo in both senses of tit wont It sees dent, but it also wants Yo conere hat eis. Such rigid forms of resistance Shang combat wing bel an ese ino 8 dogmatic defease of dominant power structures Suggesting hat stone oe ‘en giv thei spoatncous consent te Seca logic of domination that Is embed in hegemonic ideolay the lan Maret hilospher Antonio Granscl {191}, to, mphasize ie intgraive role 0 cong, He moved that dominant groups tequcly Stccoded in eating the working cas ne embrcing a collec identity ft an eam try thir interest, lowing power cies ‘o mua favorable sci! ont without baving 1 esr to open coson Inchcape, contend that ask glo balis’ i hegemonic system of ides tht kes nomative chi about ae of socal processes called “globazation" Ty secky to Hot public sivanion te meng a arate of gobalzation ta ay ages of things to dics that sports ptr polite! objectives, In eter wordy the al Social process, globalization conse an ‘ideological dimension fille with a iange oF om, clans, belie, an mates sb the phenomens itself alli i hie Ube narmae question of whic loli eoomieaon tht has spared esta debates ‘chasms, aroun, and he sete To understind the name changes brought about by globataion and affecting te ideological landscape of te Ment fst eat, itis necessity to pth eomnectin becveen political ideologies and ther over srching “socal imaginary’ Consining the ‘moeromappings of social and potial sce though which we perce, judge, an ae in "he word, social imaginars re despa ‘nodes of astanting tat prove th most general parameters witht which people lagi ther communal existens, Dein, on Benedict Anderson's scout ofthe ina ined community oe ation, Cares Talo (2004, 23-0) has resent spa tht se ingiaies ae nether thre nee idole ‘es, but implicit “hacker trond ‘ngs tha make possible commana ptices tna widely shred sense of tht simi, The social imaginary offer explanations ot how we’ ~ he ments of «particular eonunniy ~ Ft together, how hie go beeween ns, the expettios we hive of ech tes, and ihe deeper eminent so images tha ude tne expectitons. Th buckground undeoteningi bho an thea in the see of proving th ith he andar of what pases scot Sense. Mach nthe same ein, ire Bounn (190, 545) notes hat the cial nia Sets the poet framework fer or daly roties and social pero, Sractra by social dynamite hom wi at oe same tne ao set tos foros, sil images are product istry hat acne ue nial alcove practces more itor in accennce wi shone non rol by Bist aman thought & mostly unconscious tnd abstract concepts ae largely metaphor cal. Indeed, most of human tewoning based on mental imager that re seldom lit) usually they are merely presup posed in everyday resoning and debater Thus, all social imagines conse of & Seres of interrelated sad mutally degen bd conceptual aminge. Despite appa tintanpbilty, however sac imagines ste gute “real” inthe sense of ering em son practices and deepreaisd commit aachment. Though cxpable of fciating collective fantasies and speculative tfc ions, they should not be dismissed a phantasms or mental fabrications In my previous work on the subject (Steger, 2008), T have sugested sat ideo! gies tapslate and acute the legely