WASTE DISPOSAL

Every airport must manage waste and implementing efficient and

cost effective waste management practices presents many
challenges. There is a wide range of sustainable practices that
can make the management of waste at airports more economic and
better for the environment. Furthermore, successful airport waste
management implementation has the potential to positively impact
airport authorities, customers and the surrounding community at
large. Ultimately, some airport waste must be disposed of. While
waste management decisions such as reducing and reusing materials
aim to minimize waste and recapture materials and energy. The Waste
Management implementation process should be described and
documented within the airports standard procedures and operations.

Waste disposal refers to the discharge, deposit, dumping,

spilling, leaking or placing of any solid waste into or in any
land while disposal sites refer to areas where solid waste is
finally discharged and deposited. It is regarded as the least
preferred method of managing solid waste although it plays an
important role in dealing with residual waste. Almost all solid
wastes ended up at dumpsites before the passage of RA 9003.
Dumpsites are raw, open spaces designated as local disposal areas
that lack engineering measures and pollution control systems.
These are often located close to ravines, gullies, seashore, bodies
of water and other open spaces and usually become inaccessible
during heavy rains. The law mandates the closure and rehabilitation
of all dumpsites and their replacement with sanitary landfills
(SLFs). SLFs are disposal facilities with impermeable liners to
prevent liquid discharges from polluting ground and surface
waters. It should also have a gas management system to reduce risks
of burning or explosion, a regular soil cover to minimize odor,
and other environmental protection features
LOCAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANS

RA 9003 requires the preparation of 10-year SWM plans by provinces,

cities and municipalities consistent with the national SWM
Framework. These plans shall include all the components identified
in the law. The plans are subject to annual review and updating by
the provincial, city or municipal SWM boards. All plans must be
approved by the NSWMC. An annotated outline has been prepared by
the NSWMC to guide the LGUs on the specific components of the plans
as well as to facilitate the review and approval of the plans
submitted to NSWMC. Submitted SWM Plans Figure 3-24 shows the
number of local SWM Plans submitted to the EMB (Central and
Regional Offices). It will be noted that submitted plans more than
doubled during the last two years – from 566 plans in 2013 to 1,305
plans in 2015 compared to lower submission rates in the previous
years. This is largely due to more intensified efforts by NSWMC to
assist LGUs in plan preparation. Number of SWM Plans submitted in
2008-2015, by region. In 2015, 100% of LGUs in the NCR and Regions
10 and 11 have already submitted their 10-year SWM Plans. Other
regions with high compliance rates are Region 9 (97%), Region 12
(96%) and Region 6 (95%). Except for ARMM, the rest of the regions
had at least 60% compliance rates. Figure 3-26. Percentage of LGUs
with submitted SWM Plans in 2015. Approved SWM Plans All local
government SWM Plans shall be subjected to the review and approval
of the NSWMC. In 2015, a total of 190 local SWM plans have been
officially approved by the NSWMC.

The successful implementation of a waste Management Plan depends

on different aspects that can influence its implementation. This
should be part of a corporate strategy that should include
coordination with all airport stakeholders, as they are
responsible for implementation within the area under their
control.
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS (PLANS FOR COMPLIANCE)

All businesses, regardless of type, must comply with statutes (laws

passed by legislative bodies) and regulations (rules enacted by
regulatory agencies to carry out the purposes of statutes). These
statutes and regulations can come from all levels of government;
federal, state, and local. Some of these statutes and regulations
apply regardless of the nature of the business and, of course, a
venture engaged in business in more than one state or local
jurisdiction must comply with applicable laws and regulations from
all applicable jurisdictions.

The Civil Aviation Regulations (CAR) provide the regulatory

requirements dealing with aviation safety related to aircraft
operations, airworthiness and personnel licensing; and are
presented in Parts. Of special interest are the Implementing
Standards that accompany each Part. These Implementing Standards
provide detailed requirements that support the intent of a
regulation presented in a Part, but gain the force and effect of
the governing regulations only if specifically referred to in the
governing regulation. Implementing Standards are used in these
Regulations to allow the flexibility to incorporate new practices
or procedures as they become available without the procedures
required for promulgation of legally binding regulations.

REGULATIONS AMENDMENT PROCEDURE (a) The following procedure is

prescribed to incorporate an amendment to these Regulations. (b)
There shall be a Regulations Review Committee (the RR-Committee),
consisting of the representatives from the Flight Standards
Inspectorate Service (FSIS), the Enforcement and Legal Service
(ELS), the Office of ICAO and External Relations (IER), and the
concerned Services/Directorates of the Authority. The concerned
Service/Directorate shall file a requirement for an amendment to
these Regulations to the RR-Committee. An operator or a member of
public may send their request for an amendment to these Regulations
to the Director General for the attention of the RRCommittee. The
Amendment Cycle shall be twice every year, in January and July,
commencing in January 2009. When there is a requirement to issue
an immediate amendment to the Regulations, it can be done by
promulgating a “Temporary Amendment” in colored pages by a
Memorandum Circular. Such a Temporary Amendment shall be merged in
the next regular Amendment Cycle, and the Temporary
Amendment/Memorandum Circular shall stand automatically cancelled
thereafter. An example of processing an amendment is stated in the
succeeding paragraphs (c) For example, as and when the
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) issues an
amendment to Annexes 1, 6, 8, 7 or other safety-related Annexes,
the FSIS shall review the contents of each amendment with the
corresponding Part(s) of CAR, assess its applicability to Republic
of the Philippines, and accordingly advise the RRCommittee. The
other Services/Directorates shall do the same in respect of their
PCAR PART 1 Original Issue 23 June 2008 1.1-3 U N C O N T R O L L
E D C O P Y W H E N D O W N L O A D E D related Annexes. The RR-
Committee shall deliberate and decide whether to “accept” the
Annex-amendment or to file a difference with the ICAO, and advise
the Director General accordingly. When the Annex-amendment is to
be “accepted”, the IER shall arrange to notify the ICAO
accordingly, and file difference(s), if any, separately with ICAO,
in accordance with the prescribed procedure. The secretariat of
the RRCommittee shall maintain necessary documentation related to
each Annexamendment and CAR-amendment, including the records (such
as, record of discussions in respect of industry and other
consultations). (d) The FSIS shall work out a suitable amendment
text for the CAR, based on the “accepted” part of the Annex-
amendment and put up to the Director General, through the RR-
Committee. As prescribed by the Civil Aviation Authority Act of
2008 (Republic Act No. 9497) Sections 24 (j) and 25, on
recommendation of the Director General, the Board will approve the
CAR-amendment for promulgation. The CAAP will then publish the
CAR-amendment in accordance with the prescribed procedure. (e) The
RR-Committee shall ensure that whenever an amendment to these
Regulations is issued, the copy of CAR on the website is updated
accordingly. (f) The FSIS shall ensure that the CAR-amendments are
distributed among the recipients/copy-holders of CAR in a timely
manner. (g) The Technical Library shall maintain a current copy of
these regulations (CAR), fully updated, at all times. (h) A typical
CAR-amendment shall contain the following: (1) Letter of
Transmittal: A letter to all recipients/CAR copy-holders,
describing the purpose and location of the amendment in relation
to the existing Regulation(s). (2) Instructions: The instructions
to “insert” and/or “delete” the affected pages of each Part stating
page number(s) and their effective date(s). (3) Replacement pages
of CAR: The replacement pages of CAR giving effect to the Annex-
amendment. As these regulations are printed on both sides of paper,
whenever some text undergoes a change, the reverse side will also
need a reprint, except that the effective date of the reverse side
page may remain unchanged. (4) Updated Table of Contents: The
effective dates of changed pages shall be incorporated in the
Contents of each Part as well as in the main Table of Contents.
(5) Recording of Amendments: Instructions for recording the
insertion of the CARamendment in the “Record of Amendment” in the
Table of Contents Part. (6) Updating a Controlled Document: The
prescribed procedure for updating a “Controlled Document” shall be
adhered to while transmitting and incorporating each CAR-
amendment.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

GENERAL LICENSING REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL (a) A license, rating, Authorization and/or certificate

will be issued, renewed or re-issued when the applicant complies
with the requirements of Part 2. (b) Privileges. A license and/or
certificate holder is not permitted to exercise privileges other
than those granted by the license and/or certificate. (c) Medical
fitness. An applicant for a flight crew or air traffic controller
license shall hold a medical certificate issued in accordance with
the provisions of this Part. Implementing Standard: See IS 2.2.1
for detailed requirements for application for the issue, renewal
and re-issue of licenses, ratings, authorizations and
certificates. 2.2.2 LICENSES, RATINGS, AUTHORIZATIONS AND
CERTIFICATES 2.2.2.1 LICENSES The following licenses are issued
under this Part to an applicant who satisfactorily accomplishes
the requirements in this Part for the license sought: (a) Pilot
licenses: (1) Private pilot license (PPL); (2) Commercial pilot
license (CPL); (3) Airline Transport pilot license (ATPL); (4)
Multi-crew Pilot License (MPL); (5) Glider pilot license; and (6)
Free balloon pilot license. (b) Flight engineer license. (c) Flight
navigator license. (d) Aviation maintenance technician license
(AMT). (e) Aviation maintenance specia PCAR PART 2 Amendment 03 28
January 2014 2.2-2 U N C O N T R O L L E D C O P Y W H E N D O W
N L O A D E D 2.2.2.2 RATINGS (a) The following ratings are placed
on a pilot license when an applicant satisfactorily accomplishes
the requirements in this Part for the rating sought: (1) Category
ratings in the following aircraft: (i) Airplane (ii) Helicopter
(iii) Glider (iv) Free Balloon (2) Class ratings in the following
aircraft: (i) Single-engine land - airplane (ii) Single-engine sea
- airplane (iii) Multi-engine land - airplane (iv) Multi-engine
sea- airplane (v) A class rating may be issued for those
helicopters certificated for single-pilot Operations and which
have comparable handling, performance and other characteristics.
Note: A class rating or endorsement for High Performance Airplanes
(HPA) requires additional knowledge, if the applicant has not
completed the ATPL (A) knowledge requirements. (3) Type ratings in
the following aircraft: (i) Each type of aircraft certificated for
operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots; (ii) Each
type of helicopter certificated for single-pilot except where a
class rating has been established under (a)(2)(v); and (iii) Any
aircraft considered necessary by the Authority. Note: A type rating
for High Performance Airplanes (HPA) requires additional
knowledge, if the applicant has not completed the ATPL(A) knowledge
requirements. (4) Instrument ratings in the following aircraft:
(i) Instrument — Airplane (ii) Instrument — Helicopter (5)
Instructor ratings: (i) Flight instructors (ii) Instructors for
additional class/type/instrument ratings (iii) Ground Instructor
(b) The following ratings are placed on a flight engineer's license
when an applicant satisfactorily accomplishes the requirements in
this Part for the rating sought: (1) Type rating (2) Instructor
rating PCAR PART 2 Amendment 09 06 January 2017 2.2-3 U N C O N T
R O L L E D C O P Y W H E N D O W N L O A D E D (c) The following
ratings are placed on an air traffic controller license when an
applicant satisfactorily accomplishes the requirements in this
Part for the rating sought: (1) Aerodrome control rating; (2)
Approach control rating; (3) Approach radar control rating; (4)
Approach precision radar control rating; (5) Area control rating;
and (6) Area radar control rating. (d) The following ratings are
placed on an aviation maintenance technician license when an
applicant satisfactorily accomplishes the requirements in this
Part for the rating sought: (1) Airframe (2) Powerplant (3)
Airframe and Powerplant 2.2.2.3 AUTHORIZATIONS (a) The following
Authorizations are issued when an applicant satisfactorily
accomplishes the requirements in this Part for the Authorization
sought: (1) Student pilot Authorization Note: if the State prefers,
a license or certificate can be issued. (2) Examiner Authorization
(b) The following Authorizations are placed on a license when an
applicant satisfactorily accomplishes the requirements in this
Part for the Authorization sought: (1) Category II pilot
Authorization (2) Category III pilot Authorization (3) Inspection
Authorization 2.2.2.4 CERTIFICATES (a) The following certificates
are issued when an applicant satisfactorily accomplishes the
requirements in this Part for the certificate sought: (1) Medical
certificate Class 1 for CPL, ATPL, Flight engineer and Flight
navigator license (2) Medical certificate of Class 2 for PPL,
Glider, Free balloon pilot (3) Medical certificate Class 3 for Air
traffic controller license (4) Validation certificates 2.2.2.5
MEDICAL FITNESS (a) The Authority shall apply, as part of its State
safety programme, basic safety management principles to the
medical assessment process of license holders, that as a minimum
include: PCAR PART 2 Amendment 09 06 January 2017 2.2-4 U N C O N
T R O L L E D C O P Y W H E N D O W N L O A D E D (1) routine
analysis of in-flight incapacitation events and medical findings
during medical assessments to identify areas of increased medical
risk; and (2) continuous re-evaluation of the medical assessment
process to concentrate on identified areas of increased medical
risk. (b) The Licensing Authority shall implement appropriate
aviation-related health promotion for license holders subject to
a Medical Assessment to reduce future medical risks to flight
safety. Note 1.— Standard 2.2.2.5 indicates how appropriate topics
for health promotion activities may be determined. Note 2.—
Guidance on the subject is contained in the Manual of Civil
Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984). Note 3.— Guidance on the relationship
between the Licensing Authority and the implementation of Medical
Assessment for license holders is contained in the Manual of
Procedures for Establishment and Management of a State’s Personnel
Licensing System (Doc 9379). 2.2.3 VALIDITY OF LICENSES, RATINGS,
AUTHORIZATIONS AND CERTIFICATES (a) The privileges granted by a
license, or by related ratings, may not be exercised unless the
holder maintains competency and meets the requirements for recent
experience of this Part. (1) Maintenance of competency and recent
experience requirements for pilot licenses and ratings shall be
base on a systematic approach to accident prevention and should
include a risk assessment process and analysis (2) Maintenance of
competency shall be indicated in the airman's personal license or
record (e.g. logbook). (b) The maintenance of competency of flight
crew members, engaged in commercial air transport operations, may
be satisfactorily established by demonstration of skill during
proficiency flight checks completed in accordance with Part 8. (c)
The validity period of a license varies by the type of license.
The date of validity of a license shall be endorsed on each
license, so as to be easily identified by an inspecting authority.
(d) The validity period of the ratings, Authorizations and medical
certificates and the renewal/re-issue conditions are indicated in
the relevant Subparts of Part 2. (e) Renewal of a license will
take place within the validity period after initial issue of a
rating, provided the ratings related to the license and the medical
certificate are valid.
SOURCES:

https://www.icao.int/environmental-
protection/documents/waste_management_at_airports_booklet.pdf

http://caraga.emb.gov.ph/about-us/

http://www.caap.gov.ph/?page_id=136

file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/PART-1-General-Policies-Procedures-and-Definitions-2019.pdf

file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/PART-2-Personnel-Licensing-2019.pdf