Air Dryer e Review

IMPACT 4.00.51.
00-SNAPSHOT 08/10/18
Chassis ID Path
A 709392 5618/Description, Design and function//Air drier
Model Identity
FH 130880921
Publish date ID/Operation

22/11/11
Air drier
AIRDRY-E
Air drier, general

The new electronic air drier works according to the same principles as it's air-controlled predecessor. The difference is
that the new air drier is controlled electronically. If the air drier should for some reason become powerless, it will cease
to function and the desiccant will become wet through, while the compressor will continue to charge. Relief is provided
via the safety valve.
By using the information from the vehicle electronic system, the air drier and compressor control can be optimised, so
that drying of the air is guaranteed and fuel consumption is reduced. The air drier has a built-in function to prevent
freezing or blockage. The function provides temporary relief (air drier blow clean) at engine shut down. This function
eliminates the problem of freezing on a stationary vehicle.
Air drier, overview
A: Compressor. B: Cooling coil. C: Air drier D: Vehicle control unit. E: Air system. F: Solenoid valve, regeneration
(Y51A). G: Solenoid valve, relief (Y51B). H: Electrical control signal, relief. I: Electrical control signal, regeneration. J:
Check valve. K: Data links: 1587/1939. The following values are obtained from these links: System pressure, engine
Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.
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IMPACT 4.00.51.00-SNAPSHOT 08/10/18
speed, engine elapsed time, ambient temperature and vehicle speed.
Wiring diagram
1 = From compressor
2 = To air system (air tanks)
3 = Evacuation
4 = Control signal to compressor
5 = Air filter
6 = Drier filter
Y51A = Solenoid valve, regeneration
Y51B = Solenoid valve, relief (compressor control)
B1 = To the Vehicle ECU
The working phases of the air drier

Flow diagrams of the driers' working phases are shown below.
Charging phase
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A = Damp input air from compressor
B = Dried air
Relief phase (without regeneration)
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A = The input air from the compressor is fed directly

to the outlet port and out through the silencer (C).
B = A check valve retains the pressure in the

system.
D = Control signal (control air) to compressor.
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Regeneration phase
A = The input air from the compressor is fed directly

to the outlet port and out through the silencer (C).
B = A check valve retains the pressure in the

system.
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D = Control signal (control air) to compressor.
E = Dry air from the tanks is fed backwards up

through the desiccant cartridge via a solenoid valve
(Y51A).
F = Water, dirt and oil from regeneration are fed out

through the silencer (C).
Electronic air drier functions
Drier control
Icon on display
General
A function controls the regeneration of the air drier and ensures that the air fed to the vehicle compressed air system is
dry, even after long charging periods.
The monitoring strategy works by the system monitoring the pumped air volume (charge phase) and regeneration
(return flow from the system) depending on this volume. There is no longer a separate regenerating tank.
Regeneration
After the charging phase is complete, the air drier is regenerated (dried) by a certain amount, approx. 12%, of the
pumped air, being fed back from the compressed air system through the air drier and out via the silencer in the bottom.
This functions according to the following principle: If 100 litres of air is pumped out, then 12 litres shall flow back
(1000/120) etc.
If the compressor has pumped a larger volume or air, the pressure will drop to the engagement pressure before the
required volume of air has flowed back. The compressor then starts again and pumps until the disengagement
pressure is reached and a regeneration is started. In this way, a number of compressor charges and regenerations will
be performed after each other automatically until the required volume of air has flowed back. This can continue for a
longer period of time (up to a half hour) and is completely normal! The regeneration volume controls how the air drier
operates. See the diagram below, which shows the compressor's work and the air pressure in relation to the
regeneration volume.
The vehicle control unit, which controls the air drier and compressor, registers how much air needs to flow back after
each compressor charging. It does this even after engine shut down.
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Symbols in Description
diagram
Note: The pressure levels below apply to a vehicle with air suspension.
A Air consumption 1; the compressor pumps for about 10 minutes to a pressure of 8 bar.
Example: The vehicle loads the first swap body
B Regeneration phase 1; air consumption has ceased, the drier is regenerated and the
pressure increases and decreases alternately in rapid succession. The drier is not fully damp
and the vehicle drives with max. 30 km/h - the pressure alternates between 12 and 10.6 bar.
Example: The vehicle drives slowly to pick up the other swap body.
C Air consumption 2; the compressor pumps for about 10 minutes to a pressure of 8 bar.
Example: The vehicle loads the other swap body.
D Regeneration phase 2.1; air consumption has ceased, the drier is fully damp (regeneration
volume >360 l) and the vehicle drives at max. 30 km/h - the pressure alternates between 12
and 10.1 bar.
Example: The vehicle drives slowly away from the load zone.
E Regeneration phase 2.2; The drier is no longer fully damp (regeneration volume<360 l) and
the vehicle is still driving at max. 30 km/h - the pressure alternates between 12 and 10.6 bar.
F Regeneration phase 2.3; The vehicle drives faster than 30 km/h - the pressure has dropped
to the high speed range and alternates between 10.6 and 9.6 bar.
G Relief phase 1; the drier is completely dry (regeneration volume<50 l at high speed) and the
vehicle uses no air, so the pressure remains at 10.6 bar which is the relief pressure for high
speed (>30 km/h).
H Relief phase 2; the drier is still completely dry (regeneration volume<100 l at low speed) and
the vehicle uses no air. The speed has now dropped to <30km/h so the pressure has
increased to 12.0 bar, which is the relief pressure for low speed (<30 km/h).
This secures full air pressure in the tanks before the next load handling.
P System pressure
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R Regeneration volume (can be read off with VCADS-PRO)
V Level of regeneration volume (360 l) when fault code PPID 430 is set in MID 144, vehicle
control unit.
System pressure
The air pressure is always sufficient for brake operation and lifting of the air suspension. Below 10.1 bars pressure,
charging will be the first priority. Above 10.1 bars pressure, regeneration will be the first priority, however, with high air
consumption, regeneration time will be short. In practice, this can mean that a temporary air pressure somewhat lower
than 10.1 bar may occur, since it can take a few seconds to stop a regeneration that is in progress. See the table below
for cut-in and cut-out pressures for different variants:
Variant Low speed/stationary High speed >30 km/h
Cut-in pressure Cut-out Cut-in pressure Cut-out

pressure pressure
Normal Wet Normal mode Wet

mode condition* - condition* -
ASCOP85 7.5 bar 7.5 bar 8.5 bar 7.5 bar 7.5 bar 8.5 bar
Leaf springs
ABS/UABS
21030180
Leaf springs EBS
21030175
Japan
20565846
Standard
-
High Pressure
set-up
20544779
*) PPID 430 active, regeneration volume >360 litre
Memory for undried air
For additional improvement of the drying function, the memory for the volume of undried air at each engine shut-down
(starter key turned to 0 position) is increased . With repeated turning of the starter key between drive and 0 positions
(i.e. when downloading software) the memory for undried air can be so large that forced regeneration will occur at the
next engine start. Therefore do not turn the starter key unless necessary.
When downloading software for several control units, it is best to update the vehicle control unit last.
Compressor control
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General
The function controls the compressor's connection and relief periods, and reduces fuel consumption by charging the
compressor on declines or during braking. As a side effect, the lifespan of the compressor is increased since the
average pressure in the system is lower.
System pressure
At vehicle speeds below 30 km/h, full system pressure is allowed, to guarantee that the air tanks are completely filled
prior to the vehicle entering a load depot.
At speeds over 30 km/h a reduced system pressure applies, except when descending inclines or braking (no fuel
injection) when full system pressure is allowed, i.e. the system can be filled when charging does not require any energy
from the engine.
To improve the starting characteristics of the engine, the compressor is unloaded during starting, assuming that the
system pressure is above 7 bar.
To avoid freezing or blocking of the air drier while the engine is turned off, a temporary unloading is performed (air drier
blow through) at engine switch off. The unloading is only performed if the system pressure is above 7 bar.
A yellow warning light illuminates if the system pressure exceeds 13 bar.
Service checks
Icon on display
General
This function helps the service personnel and vehicle owner to plan servicing and component exchange and thereby
reduces costs. On most of today's vehicles, the desiccant is changed too often or too seldom, which results in high
costs and poor functionality. On the electronically controlled air drier, an icon is displayed (see figure) and a yellow
warning lamp lights when it is time to change the desiccant.
Reading off information with VCADS-PRO
By using VCADS-PRO it is possible to read off the calculated remaining mileage to the next desiccant replacement.
The total pumped air volume for the compressor can also be read off.
The charge air volume is calculated from the charging time, system pressure and rotational speed.
Adaptation to driving style
If there is a problem with water in the tanks due to large air consumption, the parameter CUB can be set to 15%
(standard is 12%) by using VCADS-PRO. This increases the volume of air that must flow back through the desiccant
and increases the drying capacity.
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Calibration when replacing desiccant cartridge
When replacing desiccant or the compressor, calibration shall be performed (zero running time). When changing to
another size of compressor, the parameter data must be altered. All calibration and alteration of parameter data is
done with VCADS-PRO.
Customers who do not wish to perform calibration when changing desiccant holders, can by using VCADS PRO: turn
off this function. This however excludes the possibility of reading off the remaining mileage to the next desiccant
replacement.
To ensure good air quality, both with regard to dampness and oil content, it is important that the correct type of
desiccant cartridge is mounted. Volvos desiccant cartridge contains, in addition to desiccant, an oil filter.
Air leakage check/warning
Icon on display
The purpose of this function is to inform the driver that the compressor is charging abnormally, which is usually an
indication of an air leak, by using an icon (see figure) and a lamp on the display.
Two levels of warning are given. A white information lamp indicates increased fuel consumption. A yellow warning lamp
plus an icon indicates a risk for increase compressor and air drier wear, which can lead to unplanned stops if the fault
is not corrected.
The check is only performed when driving faster than 50 km/h and when the wheel brakes are not in use.
Managing fault codes

This function handles presentation of fault information. Both direct hardware faults and faults detected via the logic in
the software are displayed. For the faults stated, an icon is displayed and a warning lamp is lit. Fault presentation
(under vehicle control unit) follows the previous architecture for handling fault codes. The fault codes are described in
service information Vehicle control unit, fault codes under function group 36.
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IMPACT 4.00.51.

Publish date ID/Operation

Air drier, general

Air drier, overview

speed, engine elapsed time, ambient temperature and vehicle speed.

The working phases of the air drier

A = Damp input air from compressor

Relief phase (without regeneration)

A = The input air from the compressor is fed directly

B = A check valve retains the pressure in the

D = Control signal (control air) to compressor.

A = The input air from the compressor is fed directly

B = A check valve retains the pressure in the

D = Control signal (control air) to compressor.

E = Dry air from the tanks is fed backwards up

F = Water, dirt and oil from regeneration are fed out

Electronic air drier functions

R Regeneration volume (can be read off with VCADS-PRO)

Variant Low speed/stationary High speed >30 km/h

Cut-in pressure Cut-out Cut-in pressure Cut-out

Normal Wet Normal mode Wet

*) PPID 430 active, regeneration volume >360 litre

Memory for undried air

A yellow warning light illuminates if the system pressure exceeds 13 bar.

Reading off information with VCADS-PRO

Adaptation to driving style

Calibration when replacing desiccant cartridge

Air leakage check/warning

Managing fault codes

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