6 G- MODULE2 ‘Answer EITHER Question 6 OR Question 7. Vanilia, which is found in vanilla flavouring, has the suacture shown in Figure 3. a) &) ©) cuo Ch, ou Figure 3. Structure of vanillin ‘Using equations where applicable, describe AND explain whatiis observed when vanil- in is treated with EACH of the following: (2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine [ 3 marks] (i Amalkaline Febling’s solution, and the mixture is heated [ 4imarks} i) Iodine and sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixtare is heated { 2marks] Name the type of reaction taking place in (2) 6) { Lmark] ‘When vanillin is treated with acidified potassium manganate (VII) luton. organic compound, R, is formed. Compound R reacts with sulphur dichloride oxide to produce compound S. Compound $ reacts with ethanol to produce compound T. Crompound T may be hydrolysed by heating it with solution Y- @ Gi) (ii) Identify EACH of the compounds R, S and'T, giving reasons for your amend [6 marks} Write the equations for the reactions involving the formation of EACH of the compounds R, $ and T. { 3 marks] Suggest the identity of solution Y. [i mark] ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112020/CAPE/F 2004) © 2B MODULE 2 Answer ALL questions. Some organic compounds contain more than one functional group. Kentify ANY TWO functional groups that are present in the following natural products. i @ cH, - cH C- OH Gi) CH, - CH - C- On on hu, (lactic acid) (alanine) [ 2marks} Distinguish between the following terms: (@ __Blectrophiles and nucleophiles oe [2marks) (ii) Homolytic and heterolytic bond fission a ee, [ 2marks} 2:-chloro-2-methylpropane (CHL), C Cl) reacts with sodium hydroxide in an aqueous Solution to give 2-methylpropan-2-ol and sodium chloride. (@ Write the chemical equation for this reaction. [2 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/CAPE/F 2005 4oH x (Outline the steps involved in the reaction in ©) 6) on page 6, by referring to the a) _bond-breaking step [1 mark] b) _bond-forming step {Amark} ‘Total 10 marks 5, Benzene is unreactive with concentrated sulphuric acid even when warmed at 50°C. Its reaction Meth concentrated nitric acid is slow. However, benzene reac ‘with a mixture of concentrated viuie acid and concentrated sulphuric acid to produce & good yield of nitrobenzene. (@)@_‘Suggest anexplanation forthe difference in behaviour of benzene under the stated conditions. oo i ania [2marks} Gi) Write an equation to illustrate the reaction between sulphuric acid and nitric acid. [2 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02112010/CAPEVF 2005