Tourism Hospitality Sectors Final Term

TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY SECTORS
Final Term Coverage 1
LAND TRANSPORTATION
In the Philippines, land transportation has been the most common mode of
transportation. Different kinds of land vehicle have been introduced to the commuters.
Some may have private vehicles, however, the most common mode of transportation in
Metro Manila are the tricycle, public utility jeepney and public utility bus. There are also
metered taxis plying around the metro.
One of the trends that is affecting the land transportation sector in the industry is the
emergence of application-based. Ride-sharing vehicles. An example is Uber or GrabTaxi
or GRabCar. Point to point transport system is also being implemented, it is a system that
well bypass stops along the route to reduce travel time.
The Philippines has 3 nautical highways: Eastern, Central and Western. These nautical
highway system aims to interconnect the different islands through an efficient network
of highways, airports, roads and ferry services.
The 919 nautical highway connects the 3 main islands of the Philippine archipelago. The
nautical highways also facilitate the use of Roll on/Roll off (RoRo).
Advantages of Land Transport:

1. It is cheaper compared to other modes of transportation.
2. Flexible stops along the way is possible,
3. It enables the movement of goods and travelers without the need for airports.
Types of Tourist Transport

o Motorcoach – It is widely known as the bus.
o Van and Mini bus – the van can accommodate up to 15 passengers.
o Limousine – luxury vehicle driven by a chauffeur.
o Double Decker
o Bicycles
o Horse-drawn carriages
o Recreational Vehicle
GAMING ENTERTAINMENT
Gaming entertainment refers to the casino gaming business plus all tourism-related
amenities such as restaurants, boutiques, theaters, hotel rooms and leisure facilities. The
entertainment facilities include live musicales, acrobatic shows, and elaborate circus
performances. These can feature high-profile personalities who are contracted to
perform exclusively at specific casino properties.
Today, the gaming entertainment sector has created millions of jobs, taxes, and generated
livelihood for suppliers of hotel requirements, and contributes a percentage of its
revenues to the government.
The term integrated resort (IR) is used to describe a major resort property that includes
a hotel with casino, together with convention facilities, entertainment shows, theme
parks, luxury retail and fine dining.
Top 5 Casinos in the World
1. Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa

This casino is located in Atlantic City, it has a gaming floor that
covers a total of 161,000 square feet. The total number of gaming machines
on its gaming floor is 4,100. It has a total of 285 card and table games
including poker tables and has 17 bars, 2002 hotels rooms.
2. Casino Lisboa
This casino is located in Lisbon, Portugal, it has a gaming floor that
on its gaming floor is 1,000. It has a total of 26 card and table games
3. MGM Grand Las Vegas

This casino is located in Las Vegas, it has a gaming floor that covers
a total of 170,000 square feet. The total number of gaming machines on its
gaming floor is 2,300. It has a total of 178 card and table games including
poker tables and has 20 bars, 5044 hotels rooms.
4. Sands Macao
This casino is located in Macao, it has a gaming floor that covers a
total of 229,000 square feet. The total number of gaming machines on its
gaming floor is 750. It has a total of 1000 card and table games including
poker tables and has 7 bars, 51 hotels rooms.
5. MGM Grand Macao

This casino is located in Macao, China, it has a gaming floor that
on its gaming floor is 835. It has a total of 410 card and table games
Classifications of Games
• Chance VS. Skills
Game of Chance
The outcome of these games cannot be controlled by the players. E.g.,
Roulette, Bingo, Keno, Slot Machines, Money wheel, baccarat etc.,
Roulette
Slot Machines
Games of Skill
In this type of games, most win is based on the intelligence and proficiency
of the players. E.g., Blackjack, Poker, horse racing etc.
Poker
• Against the House or VS. against another player
Playing against the house

Gamers must bet against the house or the casino. E.g., Blackjack, slot
machines.
Playing against others player

Players will be against the opponent. E.g., keno, poker and bingo are some
of the examples.
Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR)

It is the main government agency that oversees casino operations in the country.
PAGCOR’s Vision for 2020:

“To become the prime mover that will make the Philippines the top gaming and
entertainment destination in the ASEAN region, generating revenues that fund nation
building programs.”
RAIL TRANSPORT
Travelling thru train is very common in big countries like Japan, China, Europe as well as
in the USA. More travelers are choosing train over airlines it is because you don’t have to
go through airports when travelling thru train.
One of the famous railway systems is the Amtrak. It operates a nationwide rail network
in the United States as well as 3 Canadian provinces.
The Channel Tunnel is considered the longest tunnel underneath the sea linking France
and Great Britain while the Seikan Tunnel, which passes by the Tsugaru Strait to Honshu
and Hokkaido Islands, is Japan’s longest seabed tunnel in the world.
What is a Train?
A train of rail transport consisting of a series of vehicles that usually runs along a
rail track to transport cargo or passengers.
Advantages of Rail Transport
• It is faster than land transport (bus, taxi, jeep)

• Trains are less affected by the change of weather.
• Convenient if travelling long distances.
Must-Try Rail Journeys. This are the world’s best train ride:
• Eurail
The Eurail Pass, launched in 1959 and known formerly known as
'Europass' or 'Eurorail Pass', is a train pass that allows customers to travel around
31 European countries on nearly all European railroads.
• Glacier Express (Switzerland)

The Glacier Express is an express train connecting railway stations of the
two major mountain resorts of Zermatt and St. Moritz in the center of the Swiss
Alps.
• Ghan (Australia)
The Ghan is an Australian passenger train service between Adelaide, Alice
Springs and Darwin on the Adelaide–Darwin railway. Operated by Great
Southern Rail, it takes 54 hours to travel the 2,979 kilometres with a four-hour
stopover in Alice Springs.
• Trans-Siberrian Railway (Russia to China)

The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow
with the Russian Far East. With a length of 9,289 kilometres, from Moscow to
Vladivostok, it is the longest railway line in the world.
• AMTRAK
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, doing business as Amtrak,
is a passenger railroad service that provides medium- and long-distance intercity
service in the contiguous United States and to nine Canadian cities.
• Rocky Mountains Train (Cananda)

Experience Western Canada's most breathtaking scenery.
• Undersea Railway Tunnel (Great Britain to France)

The Channel Tunnel is a 50.5-kilometre undersea rail tunnel and the
longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world.
• Seikan Tunnel (Japan)

The Seikan Tunnel is a 53.85 km dual gauge railway tunnel in Japan, with
a 23.3 km long portion under the seabed. The track level is about 100 m below
the seabed and 240 m below sea level.
Fastest Train in the World

• Shanghai Maglev Train
The Shanghai Maglev Train or Shanghai Transrapid is a magnetic
levitation train line that operates in Shanghai.
Types of Rail Transport
1. Long Distance Passenger Trains

These refer to trains travelling to several cities, regions, provinces or even
to other countries. Example: Eurail and Amtrak
2. Light Rail Transit
Light rail, light rail transit, or fast tram is a form of urban rail transit using
rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often
on an exclusive right-of-way.
3. Rapid Transit
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit, also known as heavy rail, metro,
subway, tube, U-Bahn or underground, is a type of high-capacity public transport
generally found in urban areas.
4. Monorail
A monorail is a railway in which the track consists of a single rail or a
beam. The term is also used to describe the beam of the system, or the trains
traveling on such a beam or track.
5. Street Car or Trolleys
Also run on steel rails, but with no slot between the tracks, and no
underground cable. Unlike the mechanical cable cars, streetcars are propelled by
onboard electric motors and require a trolley pole to draw power from an
overhead wire.
6. Chairlift
An elevated passenger ropeway, or chairlift, is a type of aerial lift, which
consists of a continuously circulating steel cable loop strung between two end
terminals and usually over intermediate towers, carrying a series of chairs.
Railways in the Philippines
NAME Also known as Route

LRT Line 1 Metrorail or Green Line Baclaran-Balintawak
MRT Line 2 Megatre or Blue Line Recto-Santolan
MRT Line 3 Metrostar or Yellow Line North Avenue-Taft
PNR Northrail (on going project)
PNR Southrail Laguna-Albay (on going
project to create new 112km
line to Sorsogon)
*PNR stands for Philippine National Railway
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM ATTACHED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Department of Tourism is the main government agency that is tasked to:
“plan, program, coordinate, implement and regulate the development and

promotion of tourism industry, both domestic and international…”
There are eight attached government agencies to DOT, these are:
1. National Parks Development Committee

The National Parks Development Committee is a government agency that
is tasked to oversee national parks in the Philippines. It was established primarily
for the purpose of developing and maintaining national parks specifically the Rizal
Park or Luneta, Paco Park, the Pook ni Maria Makiling and Burnham Park.
2. Intramuros Administration
The IA is responsible for the orderly restoration and development of
Intramuros as a monument to the Hispanic period of our history. As such, it shall
ensure that the general appearance of Intramuros shall conform to Philippine-
Spanish architecture of the 16th to the 19th century.
3. Philippine Commission on Sports Scuba Diving

Promulgate programs and projects geared to the development of the
country as a premier diving area in Asia. Formulate rules, regulations, safety
standards and operating procedures to implement the development of Sports
SCUBA Diving.
4. Philippine Retirement Authority

PRA is mandated to develop and promote the Philippines as retirement
haven as a means of accelerating the social and economic development of the
country, strengthening its foreign exchange position at the same time providing
further best quality of life to the targeted retirees in a most attractive package.
5. Nayong Pilipino Foundation

The Ang Nayong Pilipino Foundation Inc., simply known as the Nayong
Pilipino Foundation or Nayong Pilipino is a non-profit organization based in
Manila, Philippines. It is an autonomous government corporation under the
Department of Tourism.
6. Duty Free Philippines

To operate duty free shops that would sell tax- and duty-free merchandise,
goods and articles, among others.
7. Tourism Promotion Board

The Tourism Promotions Board (TPB) exists to market and promote the
Philippines domestically and internationally as a world-class tourism and MICE
destination
8. Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority

Formerly the Philippine Tourism Authority. It is responsible for
implementing policies and programs of the department pertaining to the
development, promotion, and supervision of tourism projects in the Philippines.
CRUISE INDUSTRY
Augusta Victoria sailed from the Mediterranean and the Near East carrying 241
passengers which lasted from January 22 – March 22, 1891 was considered as the first
ever cruise.
A cruise is a vacation on board a ship. Cruise ship are also considered as “floating hotels”
that is why it is expected that these ships will have the same facilities and amenities with
the hotels or resorts on land.
Advantages of Water Transport
1. It does not rely on roads or bridges.

2. It is cheaper if you are travelling with bulky luggage.
5 Reasons Why People take Cruise
1. Visit more places

2. Taste different types of cuisine
3. Enjoy a variety of entertainment shows
4. Offers multiple leisure activities
5. It is considered as a romantic experience.
5 Reasons Why People don’t take Cruise
1. Very expensive
2. Seasickness
3. Activities may get boring
4. They might not like the places to be visited
5. Ship might not be safe.
TYPES OF CRUISE SHIPS
• Based on Size and Passenger Capacity
Size Passenger Capacity

Very Small Not more than 200
Small 200-500
Medium 500-1,200
Large 1,200-2,000
Megaship More than 2,000
• Based on Facilities Onboard the Ship
Mainstream Cruise Ship

It is the most common and popular types of cruise ship with a capacity of
850 to 3000 passengers. It has restaurants, shops, cafes, theater, casinos, cinemas,
fitness facilities as well as bars and clubs.
Ocean Cruise Ship

It is built to withstand harsh weather conditions for ocean voyages in long
trips and world cruise.
Luxury Cruise Ship

It has the most sophisticated and technologically advanced nautical
systems, commonly for exclusive clients, longer itineraries and more exotic
destinations.
Small Cruise Ship

It can carry 200-500 passengers, thus, offering more intimate and more
relaxed environment.
Adventure Cruise Ship

Typically, it visits remote destinations, most commonly out of the-way.
TYPES OF CRUISES
• Ocean Voyages
A one-way passage from one point to another over a major body of water.
• Standard Cruises
An open water cruise may be one-way or round trip with several ports of call.
• River/Canal Cruises
A form of leisure travel that takes guests along inland waterways.
• Destination/Expedition Cruises
It is based on destination to be visited.
• Day Cruises
A cruise experience for 15 hours or less.
• Contemporary Cruises
These have resort-style facilities with heavy emphasis on ship-board activities.
• Luxury Cruises
Offering high style luxury with emphasis on destinations and ship board
amenities.
CRUISE INDUSTRY PASSENGER BILL OF RIGHTS

Source: Cruise Lines International Association
1. The right to disembark a docked ship if essential provisions such as food, water,
restroom facilities and access to medical care cannot adequately be provided
onboard, subject only to the master’s concern for passenger safety and security
and customs and immigration requirements of the port.
2. The right to a full refund for a trip that is canceled due to mechanical failures, or a
partial refund for voyages that are terminated early due to those failures.
3. The right to have available on-board ships operating beyond rivers or coastal
waters full-time, professional emergency medical attention, as needed until shore
side medical care becomes available.
4. The right to timely information updates as to any adjustments in the itinerary of
the ship in the event of a mechanical failure or emergency, as well as timely
updates of the status of efforts to address mechanical failures.
5. The right to a ship crew that is properly trained in emergency and evacuation
procedures.
6. The right to an emergency power source in the case of a main generator failure.
7. The right to transportation to the ship's scheduled port of disembarkation or the
passenger's home city in the event a cruise is terminated early due to mechanical
failures.
8. The right to lodging if disembarkation and an overnight stay in an unscheduled
port are required when a cruise is terminated early due to mechanical failures.
9. The right to have included on each cruise line's website a toll-free phone line that
can be used for questions or information concerning any aspect of shipboard
operations.
10. The right to have this Cruise Industry Passenger Bill of Rights published on each
line's website.
Basic Parts of a Ship
1. Funnel
A funnel is the smokestack or chimney on a ship used to expel boiler
steam and smoke or engine exhaust.
2. Stern (aft)
The stern is the back or aft-most part of a ship or boat
3. Propeller
A propeller is a rotating fan like structure which is used to propel
the ship by using the power generated and transmitted by the main
engine of the ship.
4. Portside (the right side is known as Starboard)
Port and starboard are nautical and aeronautical terms of
orientation that deal unambiguously with the structure of vessels
and aircraft.
5. Anchor
An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to connect a
vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from
drifting due to wind or current.
6. Bulbous Bow
A bulbous bow is a protruding bulb at the bow (or front) of a ship
just below the waterline.
7. Bow
The bow is the forward part of the hull of a ship or boat, the point
that is usually most forward when the vessel is underway.
8. Deck
A deck is a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a
ship.
9. Bridge
The bridge of a ship is the room or platform from which the ship
can be commanded.
MICE INDUSTRY
MICE is sometimes called as Business Tourism. The acronyms mean: Meeting, Incentives,
Conventions and Exhibits. It is one of the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry.
It generates multiple benefits to host country as well as regional economies.
MICE is positioned for individuals and groups attending conferences and exhibits;
networking trade partners and sourcing suppliers. According to the Convention
Expenditure and Impact Study, a delegate attending a international, national and regional
business events has four times higher expenditure compared to leisure traveler.
Definition of MICE
Meetings
A meeting is a gathering of two or more people that has been convened for the
purpose of achieving a common goal through verbal interaction, such as sharing
information or reaching agreement.
Incentives
Travel incentives are a reward subset of an incentive program, recognition
program or a loyalty program, which is a business tool designed to change consumer
behavior to improve profit, cash flow, employee engagement and customer engagement.
Convention
A meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates, for discussion of
and action on matters of common concern.
Exhibit
An exhibit is an item that is shown off for the public, such as a painting on display
at a gallery or a historical document shown under glass at a museum. The main thing to
remember about an exhibit is that it refers to something presented formally and in a
public setting.
Top Event Destination in the Philippines

1. Metro Manila
2. Cebu
3. Davao
4. Bohol
5. Boracay
6. Palawan
7. Baguio
8. Banaue
9. Vigan
10. Laoag
Major Event Venues in the Philippines

1. Philippine Arena (Bulacan)
2. Smart Araneta Coliseum
3. Kia Theater
4. Mall of Asia Arena

5. Newports Performing Arts Theater
6. Philippine International Convention Center
7. SMX Convention Center
8. Solaire Resort and Casino
9. World Trade Center
10. Cebu International Convention Center
Events can be classified into:

• Historical
• Cultural
• Religious
• Sports Competition
• Military Displays
• Re-enactment
• Product Launching
• Fashion Shows
• Celebrity visits
AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Airplanes are considered as one of the fastest as well as the safest mode of transportation.
In 1903, the Wright Brothers flew the first aircraft, which is the beginning of the air
transport industry.
If the cruise ships are considered as “floating hotels”, then airplanes are also known as
“flying hotels”. The competition in the airline industry leads to continuous improvement
and innovations in flight experiences.
Advantages of Air Transport

1. It is considered as the fastest mode of transportation
2. It is convenient when travelling overseas
3. It has interconnecting hubs across the country
Types of Flights
1. Non-stop
2. Direct
3. Connecting
4. Change of Gauge
5. Chartered
Classification of Philippine Airports

• International Airports
An international airport is an airport with customs and border control
facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries. International airports
often also host domestic flights.
• Domestic Airports
A domestic airport is an airport that handles only domestic flights—flights
within the same country. Domestic airports do not have customs and immigration
facilities and so cannot handle flights to or from a foreign airport.
• Community Airports
These are mainly used for general aviation.
Top 5 Busiest Airports in the Philippines
1. Ninoy Aquino International Airport

2. Mactan-Cebu International Airport
3. Francisco Bangoy International Airport
4. Kalibo International Airport
5. Iloilo International Airport
Top 5 Airports in the World
The World's Top 5 Airports of 2019, voted for by airport customers from across the
world during the 2018-2019 World Airport Survey
1. Singapore Changi Airport

2. Tokyo International Airport Haneda
3. Incheon International Airport
4. Hamad International Airport
5. Hong Kong International Airport
Air Passenger Bill of Rights
Right to be provided with accurate information before purchase.

Right to receive the full value of the service purchased.
Right to be Processed for Check-In
Right to Sufficient Processing Time
Right to Board Aircraft for the Purpose of Flight
Right to Compensation and Amenities in Case of Cancellation of Flight
Right to Compensation and Amenities in Case of Flight Delay and Exceptions Thereto.
Right to Compensation for Delayed, Lost, and Damaged Baggage
Right to Compensation in Case of Death or Bodily Injury of a Passenger
Right to Immediate Payment of Compensation
TRAVEL INTERMEDIARIES
A firm or a person who acts as a mediator on a link between parties to a business deal,
investment decision, negotiation etc. Intermediaries usually specialize in specific areas
and serve as a conduit for market and other types of information.
They are also called the “middleman”. In tourism for example intermediaries are people
or businesses that link the tour package with the tourist.
Tour Operator
A tour operator typically combines tour and travel components to provide a
holiday. The most common example of a tour operator’s package would include a hotel, a
transfer from the airport, a specific activity and possibly a flight.
Niche tour operators may specialize in specific destinations, e.g. Italy, India, UK,
activities and experiences, e.g. skiing, music trips, special interest tours, or a combination
of both. For profit, tour operators usually negotiate net rates with suppliers and then add
their own margins onto the package on a percentage or per passenger basis.
Travel Agent
A travel agent is a private retailer that provides travel related services to the
public on behalf of suppliers such as hotels, flights, car hire or package holidays (tour
operators).
A travel agency’s main function is to act as an agent selling travel products and
services on behalf of a supplier. Consequently, unlike other retail businesses, they do not
keep any stock in hand. A package holiday or a ticket is not purchased from a supplier
unless a customer requests that purchase.
What Is A Tourism Distribution Channel?

The tourism channel of distribution is an operating structure, system, or linkage
of various combinations of organizations through which a producer of travel products
describes, sells, or confirms travel arrangements to the buyer.
DIRECT - through advertising, brochure distribution, website, social media, client

referrals and so on.
INDIRECT - through a third party (indirectly) by using tourism distribution channels such
as retail travel agents, wholesalers and inbound tour operators.
What is an Itinerary?
A travel itinerary is a schedule of events relating to planned travel, generally
including destinations to be visited at specified times and means of transportation to
move between those destinations. An itinerary can be general or special.
Read more on Travel Intermediaries thru: https://www.slideshare.net/charliezabala7/lecture-

on-intermediaries

Tourism Hospitality Sectors Final Term

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tourism Hospitality Sectors Final Term

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY SECTORS

Final Term Coverage 1

Advantages of Land Transport:

Types of Tourist Transport

Top 5 Casinos in the World

1. Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa

3. MGM Grand Las Vegas

5. MGM Grand Macao

• Chance VS. Skills

• Against the House or VS. against another player

Playing against the house

Playing against others player

Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR)

PAGCOR’s Vision for 2020:

Advantages of Rail Transport

• It is faster than land transport (bus, taxi, jeep)

• Glacier Express (Switzerland)

• Trans-Siberrian Railway (Russia to China)

• Rocky Mountains Train (Cananda)

• Undersea Railway Tunnel (Great Britain to France)

• Seikan Tunnel (Japan)

Fastest Train in the World

Types of Rail Transport

1. Long Distance Passenger Trains

Railways in the Philippines

NAME Also known as Route

DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM ATTACHED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

Department of Tourism is the main government agency that is tasked to:

“plan, program, coordinate, implement and regulate the development and

There are eight attached government agencies to DOT, these are:

1. National Parks Development Committee

3. Philippine Commission on Sports Scuba Diving

4. Philippine Retirement Authority

5. Nayong Pilipino Foundation

6. Duty Free Philippines

7. Tourism Promotion Board

8. Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority

Advantages of Water Transport

1. It does not rely on roads or bridges.

5 Reasons Why People take Cruise

1. Visit more places

5 Reasons Why People don’t take Cruise

TYPES OF CRUISE SHIPS

• Based on Size and Passenger Capacity

Size Passenger Capacity

• Based on Facilities Onboard the Ship

Mainstream Cruise Ship

Ocean Cruise Ship

Luxury Cruise Ship

Small Cruise Ship

Adventure Cruise Ship

CRUISE INDUSTRY PASSENGER BILL OF RIGHTS

Basic Parts of a Ship

Top Event Destination in the Philippines

Major Event Venues in the Philippines

4. Mall of Asia Arena

Events can be classified into:

AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

Advantages of Air Transport

Classification of Philippine Airports

Top 5 Busiest Airports in the Philippines

1. Ninoy Aquino International Airport

Top 5 Airports in the World

1. Singapore Changi Airport